基于ARM的温室远程控制设计与研究
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摘要
近年来,随着计算机、通信技术和Internet的发展,温室大棚、工厂化种植和设施栽培等生产技术的广泛应用,准确地对环境参数的收集和分析就成了现实。利用计算机技术对相应的环境参数进行采集,一方面可以及时了解作物生长的环境参数;另一方面也可以根据采集的数据与设定值相比较;以此来控制大棚的遮光板、淋灌器、加热器等设备进行环境调节,从而为农作物的生长提供适宜的生长环境。温室环境不适合PC机的工作。因此采用以太网实现数据的交互。
温室内影响作物生长的环境因子很多,本文主要介绍包括温度、湿度、CO2浓度和光照强度等环境条件因子。提出了环境因子的控制特点和控制方法。介绍了温室环境检测的总体设计和温室环境设计的关键技术。提出了通过本系统的进行适合的环境因子控制。
ARM平台是目前使用广泛的主流嵌入式处理器体系结构。本文采用使用S3C2410(ARM9内核)为CPU的硬件平台,S3C2410是韩国三星公司生产的基于ARM920T体系结构的高性能CPU,丰富的外设接口,203MHz的主频使它特别适合进行操作系统的移植和进行应用开发。
本文设计了温度、湿度、CO2浓度和光强度传感器,传感器检测出来的信号通过I/V转换、多路模拟开关的选通、放大滤波和A/D转换后传输给S3C2410进行数据处理和设备控制。从而实现对环境因子的测量与控制。本文重点介绍了温室大棚环境监控系统的硬件设计和软件设计。
硬件部分,介绍了系统总的设计思路和各部分的设计思想、原理电路图。在满足系统设计要求的前提下,尽可能选择价格低。功耗低的元器件,以达到减低成本的目的。
软件部分,详细论述了嵌入式Linux操作系统开发流程以及移植到具体硬件需要完成工作,如U-BOOT的移植、Linux内核的编译与裁减、文件系统的制作。驱动程序的编写和应用程序的编写。
由于温室自动控制系统是一个大空间、多参数、多目标,并具有强耦合、大滞后的非线性控制系统。大型温室环境中温度、湿度、光强度等被控对象之间存在着强烈的耦合关系。利用常规的控制算法得不到非常满意的控制效果,因此本文采用了多变量模糊控制算法实现对温室的智能控制。
At present,with deep-going development of computer,communication technology, and internet technology.Accurate parameters collection and analysis become reality. And this technology achievement can help to arrange the greenhouse condition control,factory farming and cultivation facilities.
Computer collects the corresponding environmental parameters.On one hand, Collect the environmental parameters related to the crops growth.On the other hand,based on the collected data adjust the shading panels equipment,irrigation water equipment,heaters equipment to control the environmental of the greenhouse So as to provide appropriate environment for the corps.Consider the environment in the greenhouse,data interactive and analysis is through Ethernet.
In greenhouse,many environmental factors effect the growth of crops.This article included 4 main environmental factors:temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration and light intensity.Proposed control characteristic and control methods to environment factors.Focus on greenhouse environment examination system design and key technologies.Proposed suitable environmental factors control through this system.
ARM platform is the most widely used embedded processor architecture.This article uses S3C2410(ARM core)for the CPU hardware platform,Samsung S3C2410 is based on ARM920T architecture high-performance CPU.The rich peripheral interface,203MHz frequency,makes it particularly suitable transplant and application development of operating system.
This article designs temperature sensor、humidity sensor、CO2 concentration sensor and intensity of light sensor.Sensors detected the signal through the I/V conversion、multi-channel analog switch-election.Filtering and amplification A/D conversion after transfer data to S3C2410 for data processing and control equipment. Achieve the environmental factor measurement and control.This article focuses on the greenhouse environment monitoring system hardware and software design.
For the hardware part,introduced total design mind、various parts design thinking and the principle circuit in this system.In satisfies the system design request under premise,Choose a low price and low-power components as far as possible,so as to achieve lower costs.
For the software part,elaborated the embedded Linux operating system development and transplants in detail,like U-BOOT transplant,Linux core translation and reduction,manufacture file system and driver programming and application programming compilation.
Greenhouse control system is a big space,multi-parameter,multi-object and coupled with a strong and behind the non-linear control system,the strong coupling relationship among Temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration and light intensity in this system.Conventional control algorithms are not very satisfied with the results of control,this article designs Control Algorithm on Fuzzy in Greenhouse
温室内影响作物生长的环境因子很多,本文主要介绍包括温度、湿度、CO2浓度和光照强度等环境条件因子。提出了环境因子的控制特点和控制方法。介绍了温室环境检测的总体设计和温室环境设计的关键技术。提出了通过本系统的进行适合的环境因子控制。
ARM平台是目前使用广泛的主流嵌入式处理器体系结构。本文采用使用S3C2410(ARM9内核)为CPU的硬件平台,S3C2410是韩国三星公司生产的基于ARM920T体系结构的高性能CPU,丰富的外设接口,203MHz的主频使它特别适合进行操作系统的移植和进行应用开发。
本文设计了温度、湿度、CO2浓度和光强度传感器,传感器检测出来的信号通过I/V转换、多路模拟开关的选通、放大滤波和A/D转换后传输给S3C2410进行数据处理和设备控制。从而实现对环境因子的测量与控制。本文重点介绍了温室大棚环境监控系统的硬件设计和软件设计。
硬件部分,介绍了系统总的设计思路和各部分的设计思想、原理电路图。在满足系统设计要求的前提下,尽可能选择价格低。功耗低的元器件,以达到减低成本的目的。
软件部分,详细论述了嵌入式Linux操作系统开发流程以及移植到具体硬件需要完成工作,如U-BOOT的移植、Linux内核的编译与裁减、文件系统的制作。驱动程序的编写和应用程序的编写。
由于温室自动控制系统是一个大空间、多参数、多目标,并具有强耦合、大滞后的非线性控制系统。大型温室环境中温度、湿度、光强度等被控对象之间存在着强烈的耦合关系。利用常规的控制算法得不到非常满意的控制效果,因此本文采用了多变量模糊控制算法实现对温室的智能控制。
At present,with deep-going development of computer,communication technology, and internet technology.Accurate parameters collection and analysis become reality. And this technology achievement can help to arrange the greenhouse condition control,factory farming and cultivation facilities.
Computer collects the corresponding environmental parameters.On one hand, Collect the environmental parameters related to the crops growth.On the other hand,based on the collected data adjust the shading panels equipment,irrigation water equipment,heaters equipment to control the environmental of the greenhouse So as to provide appropriate environment for the corps.Consider the environment in the greenhouse,data interactive and analysis is through Ethernet.
In greenhouse,many environmental factors effect the growth of crops.This article included 4 main environmental factors:temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration and light intensity.Proposed control characteristic and control methods to environment factors.Focus on greenhouse environment examination system design and key technologies.Proposed suitable environmental factors control through this system.
ARM platform is the most widely used embedded processor architecture.This article uses S3C2410(ARM core)for the CPU hardware platform,Samsung S3C2410 is based on ARM920T architecture high-performance CPU.The rich peripheral interface,203MHz frequency,makes it particularly suitable transplant and application development of operating system.
This article designs temperature sensor、humidity sensor、CO2 concentration sensor and intensity of light sensor.Sensors detected the signal through the I/V conversion、multi-channel analog switch-election.Filtering and amplification A/D conversion after transfer data to S3C2410 for data processing and control equipment. Achieve the environmental factor measurement and control.This article focuses on the greenhouse environment monitoring system hardware and software design.
For the hardware part,introduced total design mind、various parts design thinking and the principle circuit in this system.In satisfies the system design request under premise,Choose a low price and low-power components as far as possible,so as to achieve lower costs.
For the software part,elaborated the embedded Linux operating system development and transplants in detail,like U-BOOT transplant,Linux core translation and reduction,manufacture file system and driver programming and application programming compilation.
Greenhouse control system is a big space,multi-parameter,multi-object and coupled with a strong and behind the non-linear control system,the strong coupling relationship among Temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration and light intensity in this system.Conventional control algorithms are not very satisfied with the results of control,this article designs Control Algorithm on Fuzzy in Greenhouse
引文
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[2]Tantau H J.models for greenhouse climate control.Acta hort,1989,245:397-404.
[3]余朝刚.温室气候环境微机测控系统与控制方法的研究.博士学位论文,浙江大学,2005,05:3-5.
[4]Tantau hans-juergen.Energy saving potential of greenhouse client control.Mathematics and computers in simulation,1998,48:93-101.
[5]Tetsuo morimoto,yasushi hashimono.an intelligent control for greenhouse automation,oriented by the concepts of SPA and SFA—an application to a post-harvest process,computers and electronics in agriculture,2000,29:3-20.
[6]Ferreira P M,faria E A,Eruano A.neural network models in greenhouse ari temperature prediction,neurocomputing,2002,43:51-75.
[7]Meir teitel,yun zhao,moti barak,Eli bar-lev,David shmuel.Effect on energy use and greenhouse microclient through fan motor contrl by variable frequency drives.energy conversion and management,2004,459:209-223.
[8]程纯枢.中国的气候与农业.北京:象出版社,1991,5.
[9]周长吉.现代温室工程.北京:化学工业出版社,2003,2.
[10]王双喜.设施农业工程技术概论.北京:中国农业科技出版社,2002,6.
[11]中国农业网 http://www.zgng.com.cn/.
[12]张景璐,杜辉.ARM9嵌入式系统设计与应用案例.北京:中国电力出版社,2006,5.
[13]杨庆.基于嵌入式 internet 的远程数据采集系统的设计.硕士学位论文,天津大学,2003,5-6.
[14]高建平,赵龙庆.温室计算机控制与管理技术的发展概况及在我国的应用前景.计算机与农业,2003(2):12-15.
[15]N Ehler.Interfacing crop models to standard software for greenhouse climate control Ecol Modelling,1991(56):245-257.
[16]Zhouchang ji,chengqing yang.The imported greenhouses and their performances,transactions of the CSAE,1998(14):53-58.
[17]李萍萍,毛罕平等.蔬菜工厂化生产中夏秋环境因子的合理调控,农业机械学报,1997,28(2):80-84.
[18]张亚红,陈瑞生.日光温室空气湿度环境及除湿技术研究-强制通风的降湿效果及效应.宁夏农学院学报,2000,2(12):46-50.
[19]Joe deblaquiere.building devices with embedded linux,ELEC 27,2000,9.
[20]李敏.温室大棚单片机数据采集系统设计.黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2003,15(1):47-51.
[21]朱婧.基于 ARM9的嵌入式数据采集与控制系统硬件平台的设计.硕士学位论文,大连海事大学,2006,10-12.
[22]ATMEL.DATASHEET OF AT91RM9200.http://www.atmel.com,2003.
[23]李佳.ARM 系列处理器应用技术完全手册.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.10.
[24]符意德.嵌入式系统原理及接口技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2006.7.
[25]武宁.湿帘-风机降温控制系统.硕士学位论文,河北工程大学,2007.4,30-35.
[26]张永.基于 ARM9的嵌入式 Linux 开发平台构建与应用.硕士学位论文,天津师范大学,2006.4,24-26.
[27]Estimation of immeasurable input and states by applying fuzzy control(fuzzy control for steam temperature of a boiler heating surface)kazoo sagara JSME international journal,series C,mechanical systems,machine element and manufacturing vol.41,no.4.
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