包头市土默特右旗敕勒川湿地公园规划建设研究
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摘要
湿地生态十分重要。城市化的发展,废弃地的增加,生态破坏严重,湿地减少殆尽,而城镇建筑粘土砖用量巨大,造成废弃砖厂坑洼地成片。如何变废为宝,恢复生态美化环境实现可持续发展,实践科学发展观,是内蒙古乃至全国都面临的课题。对部分被破坏的城市河湖湿地进行回归自然的修复,在充分利用自然的地形、地貌的基础上,建立起阳光、植物、生物、土壤、堤体之间和谐共存的城市河流生态系统,并大力地建设城市生态河堤,还河流以空间,构筑近、亲水的城市滨水空间景观等。
剌勒川湿地公园拟建于内蒙古包头市土默特右旗萨拉齐镇城南,2公里处的瓦窑滩,地处敕勒川平原南部的下湿地段,黄河北岸段,总面积1600公顷,地处城市近郊,在受到城市化各方面给养的同时,也受到了城市化进程的威胁,破坏十分严重。湿地公园是萨拉齐镇最重要的环境资本之一,生态区位十分重要,在涵养水源、调节黄河径流、补充地下水和维持区域水平衡中发挥着重要作用,也是萨拉齐镇蓄水防洪的天然屏障;其湿地公园西、南、东三面环公路,东西宽约980米,南北长约1300米,总面积为1600公顷,地势平坦,明水面积占公园湿地面积的38%,是萨拉齐镇重要的城市湿地之一,是包头市目前唯一的旗县级湿地公园,修复该区域的生态功能,能使该区域生态系统呈良性循环,可以为周边乃至整个黄河河流城市化进程中湿地的恢复和利用提供范例。
在包头市土右旗利用废弃砖厂,筹建湿地生态公园,是一创举和示范,因此,本论文题定为《敕勒川湿地公园规划建设研究》作为探讨谨供参考。
Everglade ecosystem is very important. Ecosystem has been seriously destroyed and Everglade was nearly disappeared with the development of urbanization, the abandoned land increases,especially a huge amount of brick is needed in town construction, causing the abandoned brickfield here and there. How to change waste into treasure, restore zoology and beautify the environment to achieve sustainable development,and practice the scientific concept of development is a problem witch not only Inner Mongolia but also the whole country are facing. We need to restore the part of the destroyed urban rivers and lakes wetlands into natural one,on the basis of making full use of the natural topography, I suggest establish a new urban river wetland ecosystem in which sunlight, plants, living things, soil, dike body can harmoniously co-existence. Building urban ecological river bank actively,this can return space to the river, and construct urban waterfront space and landscape.
Chilechuan Wetland Park is planned to be built in Wayao beach,located in the low wet lots in the southern Tumochuan plains, north shore of the Yellow River,2km from south of Tumd Flag Sarazzi town in Baotou City in Inner Mongolia,where its total area is 1,600 hectares ,located in the city suburbs. while it is supplied in all aspects by urbanization, it also gets threats from urbanization process, it is destroyed seriously. Wetland Park is one of the most important environmental resources in Sarazzi town, and its eco-location is vrry important, it plays an important role,in conserving water, regulating the Yellow River runoff, recharging groundwater and maintaining the regional water balance, it’s also natural barriers for water storage in Sarazzi town; In the west, south and east of Wetland Park, there are roads surrounded .The width of the park from east to west is 980 meters.The length from north to south is about 1,300 meters, with a total area of 1600 hectares.It’s flat, and water area will occupy 38% of wetland area, It’s one of important Wetland Parks in Sarazzi town,and it’s the only wetland park in Baotou at the flag level now. Repairing the region's ecological functions can make this regional ecosystem appear a virtuous cycle, and can also provide an example for the recovery and utilization of wetland arround the Yellow River and the whole urbanization proces.
Right Banner in Baotou city, making use of the abandoned brickfield and building a wetland park, is a demonstration. Therefore, the title of this paper is " Research on Planning and Construction Lechuan Wetland Park "。
剌勒川湿地公园拟建于内蒙古包头市土默特右旗萨拉齐镇城南,2公里处的瓦窑滩,地处敕勒川平原南部的下湿地段,黄河北岸段,总面积1600公顷,地处城市近郊,在受到城市化各方面给养的同时,也受到了城市化进程的威胁,破坏十分严重。湿地公园是萨拉齐镇最重要的环境资本之一,生态区位十分重要,在涵养水源、调节黄河径流、补充地下水和维持区域水平衡中发挥着重要作用,也是萨拉齐镇蓄水防洪的天然屏障;其湿地公园西、南、东三面环公路,东西宽约980米,南北长约1300米,总面积为1600公顷,地势平坦,明水面积占公园湿地面积的38%,是萨拉齐镇重要的城市湿地之一,是包头市目前唯一的旗县级湿地公园,修复该区域的生态功能,能使该区域生态系统呈良性循环,可以为周边乃至整个黄河河流城市化进程中湿地的恢复和利用提供范例。
在包头市土右旗利用废弃砖厂,筹建湿地生态公园,是一创举和示范,因此,本论文题定为《敕勒川湿地公园规划建设研究》作为探讨谨供参考。
Everglade ecosystem is very important. Ecosystem has been seriously destroyed and Everglade was nearly disappeared with the development of urbanization, the abandoned land increases,especially a huge amount of brick is needed in town construction, causing the abandoned brickfield here and there. How to change waste into treasure, restore zoology and beautify the environment to achieve sustainable development,and practice the scientific concept of development is a problem witch not only Inner Mongolia but also the whole country are facing. We need to restore the part of the destroyed urban rivers and lakes wetlands into natural one,on the basis of making full use of the natural topography, I suggest establish a new urban river wetland ecosystem in which sunlight, plants, living things, soil, dike body can harmoniously co-existence. Building urban ecological river bank actively,this can return space to the river, and construct urban waterfront space and landscape.
Chilechuan Wetland Park is planned to be built in Wayao beach,located in the low wet lots in the southern Tumochuan plains, north shore of the Yellow River,2km from south of Tumd Flag Sarazzi town in Baotou City in Inner Mongolia,where its total area is 1,600 hectares ,located in the city suburbs. while it is supplied in all aspects by urbanization, it also gets threats from urbanization process, it is destroyed seriously. Wetland Park is one of the most important environmental resources in Sarazzi town, and its eco-location is vrry important, it plays an important role,in conserving water, regulating the Yellow River runoff, recharging groundwater and maintaining the regional water balance, it’s also natural barriers for water storage in Sarazzi town; In the west, south and east of Wetland Park, there are roads surrounded .The width of the park from east to west is 980 meters.The length from north to south is about 1,300 meters, with a total area of 1600 hectares.It’s flat, and water area will occupy 38% of wetland area, It’s one of important Wetland Parks in Sarazzi town,and it’s the only wetland park in Baotou at the flag level now. Repairing the region's ecological functions can make this regional ecosystem appear a virtuous cycle, and can also provide an example for the recovery and utilization of wetland arround the Yellow River and the whole urbanization proces.
Right Banner in Baotou city, making use of the abandoned brickfield and building a wetland park, is a demonstration. Therefore, the title of this paper is " Research on Planning and Construction Lechuan Wetland Park "。
引文
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[23]张志,刘德晶,闫平.湿地公园总体规划技术探讨-以云南红河哈尼梯田湿地公园为例[J].湿地科学与管理, 200(4):31.
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[56]〈〈萨县志〉〉、《土默特右旗志》;
[57]当地有关的经济技术指标。
[58]《林业建设工程概算编制办法》;
[59]《内蒙古自治区建设工程预算定额基价表》;
[60]《全国建筑安装工程概算》;
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[3]严军.基于生态理念的湿地公园规划与应用研究(博士论文)[D].南京:南京林业大学,2008.13-16.
[4]城建[2005]第97号.建设部关于印发《城市湿地公园规划设计导则(试行)》的通知.
[5]陆健建,王伟.湿地生态恢复的主要模式-湿地公园建设[J].湿地科学与管理,2007,3(2):28-31.
[6]谢文海,王晓平.中国的湿地及保护[J].玉林师范学院学报(自然科学版),2001,22(3):98-101.
[7]克雷格·S坎贝尔,迈克尔·H·奥格登,吴晓芙(译).湿地与景观[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004.22~198.
[8]但新球,骆林川.湿地公园规划新理念及应用-以东江湖国家湿地公园规划为例[J].湿地科学与管理,2006,2(3):4-7.
[9]梅晓阳,秦启宪,铃木美湖(日).崇明东滩国际湿地公园规划设计[J].中国园林,2005, (2):30-31.
[10]俞孔坚,李迪华,段铁武.生物多样性保护的景观规划途径[J].生物多样性,1998,6(3):206-209.
[11]俞孔坚,李迪华,孟亚凡.湿地及其在高科技园区中的营造[J].中国园林,2001, (2):26-28.
[12]骆林川.新、马、日、港湿地公园考察收获与启示[J].湿地科学,2004,2(3):238-240.
[13]瞿佳佳,骆高远.浅析湿地公园的社区参与[J].湿地科学与管理,2007,3(3):55-57.
[14] A. H. Lewis.香港湿地公园-一个在可持续发展方面的多学科合作项目[J].城市环境设计,2007, (1):36-41.
[15]潮洛蒙,俞孔坚.城市湿地的合理开发与利用对策[J].中国建设信息,2005, (03):9-12.
[16]王其超.当前城市湿地公园存在的问题与对策[J].北京园林,2008, (1):3-5.
[17]崔连胜,杨迎芳.以小见大鉴古励今-厦门水景园创作随想[J].中国园林,2004,20(3):53-56.
[18]孔杨勇,夏宜平.西溪湿地公园生物多样性保护与生态景观形成[J].现代园林,2006, (2):4-6.
[19]宋朝枢.城市绿色肾肺工程与可持续发展[A].第三届中国国际园林花卉博览会论文集[C].10-15.
[20]朱利.北京汉石桥湿地建设[J].中国城市林业, 2007,(1):38.
[21] Sader S A. Accuracy of landsat-TM and GIS rule-basmethods for forestwetlands classification inMaine[J].RemoSensingEnvironmen,t 1995, (3):133~144.
[22]余建杰.基于TM遥感影像的鄱阳湖湿地分类研究[J].江西农业学报,2007,19(12):93-94.
[23]张志,刘德晶,闫平.湿地公园总体规划技术探讨-以云南红河哈尼梯田湿地公园为例[J].湿地科学与管理, 200(4):31.
[24]王娅琳.风水与我国古代城市规划[J].山西建筑,2004,30(20):12-13.
[25]O.Yanitsky. The city and ecology [M]. Nauka, Moskow, 1987: 60-80.
[26]冯彩云.我国城市绿化的现状与发展方向[J].科技建议,2002,(2):15-18.
[27]E.Howard. Garden Cities of Tomorrow[M].Faber and Faber. London,1946.
[28]Anderson. L. M., Cordell, H.K. Influence of trees on residential property values in Athens, Georgia(USA): a survey based on actual sales prices. Landscape Urban Plano.1988,15:153-164.
[29]Anne Whiston Sprin. The Granite Garden urban nature and human design[M]. U.S.A.: Basic Books,1984.
[30]August Heckscher. Open Space-the Life of American City[M]. New York: Harper & Row, 1984.
[31]Beasley, S.D., Workman, W.G., Williams, N.A..Estimating amenity values of urban fringe farmland: a contingent valuation approach: note. Growth and Change. 1986,17(4):70-78.
[32]俞孔坚,李迪华,刘海龙.“反规划”途径[M].北京:中国建筑丁业出版社,2005.
[33]束晨阳,张清华.新时期城市绿地系统规划探索——以蓬莱城市绿地系统规划为例[J].中国园林,2006,2:9-11.
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[47]《关于特别是作为水禽栖息地的国际重要湿地公约》,简称《湿地公约》;
[48]《中华人民共和国城市规划法》;
[49]《中华人民共和国环境保护法》;
[50]国务院《城市绿化条例》;
[51]国务院《关于加强湿地保护管理工作的通知》;
[52]建设部《国家城市湿地公园管理办法(试行)》;
[53]建设部《城市绿线管理办法》;
[54]行业标准《公园设计规范》(CJJ48-92);
[55]关于印发《城市湿地公园规划设计导则(试行)》的通知,建城[2005]97号;
[56]〈〈萨县志〉〉、《土默特右旗志》;
[57]当地有关的经济技术指标。
[58]《林业建设工程概算编制办法》;
[59]《内蒙古自治区建设工程预算定额基价表》;
[60]《全国建筑安装工程概算》;
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[65]为明,魏梓辛.保护和恢复城市的河流湿地,上海湿地利用和保护研讨会,2002.12,上海。
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