林木Photoautotrophic Micropropagation管理系统研制及三次设计在优化复合因子的应用研究
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摘要
光自养微繁殖技术(Photoautotrophic micropropagation)是针对传统组织培养中存在易污染、材料变异、生长不良、生根难及驯化期和移苗期间较高的死亡率的的缺点,日本的千叶大学T.Kozai教授,----发明的一种全新的植物组培技术。该技术是环境控制技术在植物组培苗生产中的典型应用,其特点是采用人工环境控制手段,用CO2替代糖作为碳源,并提供植株生长适宜的光、温、水、气、营养等条件,促进植株的光合作用,从而促进植株的生长发育。
本研究是在T.Kozai教授的指导下,以前期自主开发光自养微繁殖设备(正在申请两个相关专利,专利申请号分别为:20071004506.X,200810071155.9)为基础,进行了林木种苗光自养微繁殖的研究;针对林木种苗繁殖周期长,环境参数优化效率低的特点,本研究以桉树为试验材料,探索新的参数优化方法,把在工业上广泛应用的可计算性三次设计方法,引入到光自养微繁殖技术中;在参数设计阶段,采用单纯形法,进行物理环境因子参数组合优化。除此之外,运用叶绿素荧光成像系统及根系扫描系统,本研究对参数的优化效果进行了研究,并对三次设计方法的应用效果进行了有效验证。
1、本研究研制了一套针对林木种苗繁育特点的光自养微繁殖系统,包括硬件系统和软件系统。系统可进行液相培养,也可进行固相培养。其中液相培养采用雾化的方法,大大提高了培养液的溶氧量。软件系统具有远程监控功能,包括客户端和服务器端两部分。
2、客户端是基于Window XP操作系统、C++ builder 6.0和SQL Server 2000,结合软件timer组件和serialport组件开发的一套林木种苗光自养微繁殖用户端管理系统。该系统数据安全性高,性能稳定,可移植性好,使用方便,完全能够达控制要求。
3、服务器端是基于Window XP操作系统、C++ builder 6.0和SQL Server 2000,结合TclientSocket组件和TserverSocket组件,开发的一套林木种苗光自养微繁殖服务器端管理系统,可实现远程监制。该系统使用了Microsoft Windows图形用户界面的许多先进特性和设计思想,允许多个用户对一个表中的数据进行检索、更新、删除等操作,且无需等待,和完整性。系统运行安全稳定,而且程序运行速度快,界面友好,移植性好。
4、本研究以桉树为材料,采用可计算性三次设计(系统设计、参数设计、容差设计)的方法,探索影响林木种苗光自养微繁殖的4个主要物理环境因子(温度、湿度、光照强度、CO2浓度因子)的优化组合。
(1)在系统设计阶段,以生根率为衡量指标,应用二次回归正交设计建立主要物理环境因子(温度、湿度、光照强度、CO2浓度)的控制模型;
(2)在参数设计阶段,采用改进的单纯形法进行参数设计,共用了12次试验,取得最佳生根率响应值93.96%。这时光照强度、CO2浓度、温度、湿度等4个因素值分别是(125.00μmolm-2s-1、1500.00ppm、24.00℃、75%)。
5、参数优化对叶绿素荧光参数影响都起到积极的作用,但只有Rfd、Fm’和Qy_max的影响达到显著差异,而对其他的荧光能参数的都未达到显著差异。因此,在进行优化效果验证时,叶绿素荧光参数应该以Rfd、Fm’和Qy_max为判别指标。
6、参数优化对不同的根系形态指标,其影响程度不同。不同的物理环境参数组合对桉树光自养微繁殖苗的根总长、根尖数及叉点数有显著影响,而对根系投影面积、根系总表面、平均直径、根系总体积的影响不显著。因此,在优化效果的验证中,根系形态指标应以根总长、根尖数及叉点数作为衡量指标。
本论文是对林木种苗繁育新理论与新技术的研究,也是对光自养微繁殖技术中新方法的应用研究,不仅为林木种苗光自养微繁殖奠定基础,而且进一步丰富和发展林木种苗繁育理论;它既可以降低组培苗生产成本,缩短良种推广的周期,提升种苗质量,大大提高林木种苗的工厂化育苗水平,又可以解决目前优良苗木的供需矛盾,满足市场需求,具有广阔的市场前景。
Photoautotrophic micropropagation is new technology of plant tissue culture created by Japanese Professor T.Kozai from Chiba University in Japan, a solution to the defects found in the traditional techonlogy of tissue culture, i.e. vulnerable contamination, variation, poor growth, poor rhizogenesis and a higher mortality during periods of acclimation and transplantation. The technology is typically applied to seedling production, which is featured by controlled conditions, CO2 as a substitute for sugar as a carbon source, by means of providing optimum light, temperature, water, air and nutrition for the plantlets to boost their asphotosynthesis so as to promote their growth.
The research on forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation was carried out under the instruction of Professor T.Kozai, and based on the equipments for photoautotrophic micropropagation developed independently previously (two related patents are being applied, whose numbers are 20071004506.X and 200810071155.9 ). Aimed at the long cycle in forest-tree seedling breeding and optimization ineffeciency in environmental parameters, the research was to explore a new method of parameter optimization with eucalypts as test materials by applying the computable three stages design widely used in industry to photoautotrophic micropropagation. At the stage of design, a simplex method was used to optimalize the parameter combination of physical environmental factors. In addition, using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and root scan systems, the effectiveness of parameter optimization was also studied and the effectiveness of the three stage design applied in the research was tested.
1. Aimed at the features of forest-tree seedling breeding, a set of photoautotrophic micropropagation system was developed in the research, including system of both hardware and software, where both liquid-phase culture and solid-phase culture are available. There into liquid-phase culture by means of atomization greatly boosted the dissolved oxygen in culture solution. The software system with remote supervision function includes the client and the sever.
2. On the basis of Window XP, C++ builder 6.0 and SQL Server 2000 and in combination with software components of TIMER and SERIALPORT, the client was a set of client management system for forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation, which is characterized by more security, stable performance, good portability and great convenience to fully meet the control requirement.
3. Based on Window XP, C++ builder 6.0 and SQL Server 2000 and combined with software components of TCLIENTSOCKET and TSEVERSOCKET, the sever was a set of sever management system with emote supervision function for forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation. Many advanced features plus the design philosophy for the graphical user interface of Microsoft Windows were applied to the system, that is, the system made it possible for several clients to retrieve, update or delete data from the same database table while keeping the consistency and integrality of the data with clients unnecessary to wait. Furthermore, the system also has such advantages as more security, stable performance, fast speed, friendly interface and good portability.
4. With eucalypts as test materials and by applying the computable three stage design(system design, parameter design, and tolerance design), the research was to explore optimization of four major physical environmental factors, humidity, temperature, light intensity and density of CO2, which affected forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation.
1) At the system design stage, by applying quadratic regressive orthogonal design to the research, established was the control model of major physical environmental factors (humidity, temperature, light intensity and density of CO2), measured by rooting rate.
2) At the parameter design stage,parameters were designed by using a revised simplex method through 12 trials altogether, which resulted in the optimal response of rooting rate, about 93.96%, the condition where the humidity, temperature, light intensity and density of CO2 was 125.00μmolm-2s-1, 1500.00ppm, 24.00℃and 75% respectively.
5. Parameter optimization had a positive effect on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, however the effects on Rfd、Fm’, and Qy_max were only significant, while for other chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, not significant. Therefore, to test the effectiveness of the optimization, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters are supposed to be measured by Rfd、Fm’, and Qy_max.
6. Parameter optimization had different effects on different root morphological indexes. Different physical environmental parameter combinations had significant effects on the overall length, tip numbers, and crossover-point numbers of eucalypt seedlings’roots through photoautotrophic micropropagation, while the effects on their projected area, surface area, mean diameters and overall volume were not significant. Therefore, to test the effectiveness of the optimization, root morphological indexes are supposed to be measured by the overall length, tip numbers, and crossover-point numbers.
The dissertation was to explore new theories and technology of forest-tree seedling breeding and was also an applied research on new methods of photoautotrophic micropropagation. Not only did it lay the foundation for forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation, but also enriched and developed the theories of forest-tree seedling breeding. It can reduce the production cost of tissue culture seedlings, shorten the cycle of improved variety promotion, improve the quality of seedlings and greatly improve the industrialized seedling production. Meanwhile, it can also solve the contradiction between supply and demand of superior seedlings and meet the market demand; therefore it is of vast potential in the future market.
本研究是在T.Kozai教授的指导下,以前期自主开发光自养微繁殖设备(正在申请两个相关专利,专利申请号分别为:20071004506.X,200810071155.9)为基础,进行了林木种苗光自养微繁殖的研究;针对林木种苗繁殖周期长,环境参数优化效率低的特点,本研究以桉树为试验材料,探索新的参数优化方法,把在工业上广泛应用的可计算性三次设计方法,引入到光自养微繁殖技术中;在参数设计阶段,采用单纯形法,进行物理环境因子参数组合优化。除此之外,运用叶绿素荧光成像系统及根系扫描系统,本研究对参数的优化效果进行了研究,并对三次设计方法的应用效果进行了有效验证。
1、本研究研制了一套针对林木种苗繁育特点的光自养微繁殖系统,包括硬件系统和软件系统。系统可进行液相培养,也可进行固相培养。其中液相培养采用雾化的方法,大大提高了培养液的溶氧量。软件系统具有远程监控功能,包括客户端和服务器端两部分。
2、客户端是基于Window XP操作系统、C++ builder 6.0和SQL Server 2000,结合软件timer组件和serialport组件开发的一套林木种苗光自养微繁殖用户端管理系统。该系统数据安全性高,性能稳定,可移植性好,使用方便,完全能够达控制要求。
3、服务器端是基于Window XP操作系统、C++ builder 6.0和SQL Server 2000,结合TclientSocket组件和TserverSocket组件,开发的一套林木种苗光自养微繁殖服务器端管理系统,可实现远程监制。该系统使用了Microsoft Windows图形用户界面的许多先进特性和设计思想,允许多个用户对一个表中的数据进行检索、更新、删除等操作,且无需等待,和完整性。系统运行安全稳定,而且程序运行速度快,界面友好,移植性好。
4、本研究以桉树为材料,采用可计算性三次设计(系统设计、参数设计、容差设计)的方法,探索影响林木种苗光自养微繁殖的4个主要物理环境因子(温度、湿度、光照强度、CO2浓度因子)的优化组合。
(1)在系统设计阶段,以生根率为衡量指标,应用二次回归正交设计建立主要物理环境因子(温度、湿度、光照强度、CO2浓度)的控制模型;
(2)在参数设计阶段,采用改进的单纯形法进行参数设计,共用了12次试验,取得最佳生根率响应值93.96%。这时光照强度、CO2浓度、温度、湿度等4个因素值分别是(125.00μmolm-2s-1、1500.00ppm、24.00℃、75%)。
5、参数优化对叶绿素荧光参数影响都起到积极的作用,但只有Rfd、Fm’和Qy_max的影响达到显著差异,而对其他的荧光能参数的都未达到显著差异。因此,在进行优化效果验证时,叶绿素荧光参数应该以Rfd、Fm’和Qy_max为判别指标。
6、参数优化对不同的根系形态指标,其影响程度不同。不同的物理环境参数组合对桉树光自养微繁殖苗的根总长、根尖数及叉点数有显著影响,而对根系投影面积、根系总表面、平均直径、根系总体积的影响不显著。因此,在优化效果的验证中,根系形态指标应以根总长、根尖数及叉点数作为衡量指标。
本论文是对林木种苗繁育新理论与新技术的研究,也是对光自养微繁殖技术中新方法的应用研究,不仅为林木种苗光自养微繁殖奠定基础,而且进一步丰富和发展林木种苗繁育理论;它既可以降低组培苗生产成本,缩短良种推广的周期,提升种苗质量,大大提高林木种苗的工厂化育苗水平,又可以解决目前优良苗木的供需矛盾,满足市场需求,具有广阔的市场前景。
Photoautotrophic micropropagation is new technology of plant tissue culture created by Japanese Professor T.Kozai from Chiba University in Japan, a solution to the defects found in the traditional techonlogy of tissue culture, i.e. vulnerable contamination, variation, poor growth, poor rhizogenesis and a higher mortality during periods of acclimation and transplantation. The technology is typically applied to seedling production, which is featured by controlled conditions, CO2 as a substitute for sugar as a carbon source, by means of providing optimum light, temperature, water, air and nutrition for the plantlets to boost their asphotosynthesis so as to promote their growth.
The research on forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation was carried out under the instruction of Professor T.Kozai, and based on the equipments for photoautotrophic micropropagation developed independently previously (two related patents are being applied, whose numbers are 20071004506.X and 200810071155.9 ). Aimed at the long cycle in forest-tree seedling breeding and optimization ineffeciency in environmental parameters, the research was to explore a new method of parameter optimization with eucalypts as test materials by applying the computable three stages design widely used in industry to photoautotrophic micropropagation. At the stage of design, a simplex method was used to optimalize the parameter combination of physical environmental factors. In addition, using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and root scan systems, the effectiveness of parameter optimization was also studied and the effectiveness of the three stage design applied in the research was tested.
1. Aimed at the features of forest-tree seedling breeding, a set of photoautotrophic micropropagation system was developed in the research, including system of both hardware and software, where both liquid-phase culture and solid-phase culture are available. There into liquid-phase culture by means of atomization greatly boosted the dissolved oxygen in culture solution. The software system with remote supervision function includes the client and the sever.
2. On the basis of Window XP, C++ builder 6.0 and SQL Server 2000 and in combination with software components of TIMER and SERIALPORT, the client was a set of client management system for forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation, which is characterized by more security, stable performance, good portability and great convenience to fully meet the control requirement.
3. Based on Window XP, C++ builder 6.0 and SQL Server 2000 and combined with software components of TCLIENTSOCKET and TSEVERSOCKET, the sever was a set of sever management system with emote supervision function for forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation. Many advanced features plus the design philosophy for the graphical user interface of Microsoft Windows were applied to the system, that is, the system made it possible for several clients to retrieve, update or delete data from the same database table while keeping the consistency and integrality of the data with clients unnecessary to wait. Furthermore, the system also has such advantages as more security, stable performance, fast speed, friendly interface and good portability.
4. With eucalypts as test materials and by applying the computable three stage design(system design, parameter design, and tolerance design), the research was to explore optimization of four major physical environmental factors, humidity, temperature, light intensity and density of CO2, which affected forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation.
1) At the system design stage, by applying quadratic regressive orthogonal design to the research, established was the control model of major physical environmental factors (humidity, temperature, light intensity and density of CO2), measured by rooting rate.
2) At the parameter design stage,parameters were designed by using a revised simplex method through 12 trials altogether, which resulted in the optimal response of rooting rate, about 93.96%, the condition where the humidity, temperature, light intensity and density of CO2 was 125.00μmolm-2s-1, 1500.00ppm, 24.00℃and 75% respectively.
5. Parameter optimization had a positive effect on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, however the effects on Rfd、Fm’, and Qy_max were only significant, while for other chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, not significant. Therefore, to test the effectiveness of the optimization, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters are supposed to be measured by Rfd、Fm’, and Qy_max.
6. Parameter optimization had different effects on different root morphological indexes. Different physical environmental parameter combinations had significant effects on the overall length, tip numbers, and crossover-point numbers of eucalypt seedlings’roots through photoautotrophic micropropagation, while the effects on their projected area, surface area, mean diameters and overall volume were not significant. Therefore, to test the effectiveness of the optimization, root morphological indexes are supposed to be measured by the overall length, tip numbers, and crossover-point numbers.
The dissertation was to explore new theories and technology of forest-tree seedling breeding and was also an applied research on new methods of photoautotrophic micropropagation. Not only did it lay the foundation for forest-tree photoautotrophic micropropagation, but also enriched and developed the theories of forest-tree seedling breeding. It can reduce the production cost of tissue culture seedlings, shorten the cycle of improved variety promotion, improve the quality of seedlings and greatly improve the industrialized seedling production. Meanwhile, it can also solve the contradiction between supply and demand of superior seedlings and meet the market demand; therefore it is of vast potential in the future market.
引文
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