TRIZ集成创新方法的系统结构及设计应用研究
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摘要
以TRIZ（Theory of Inventive Problem Solving，发明问题解决理论）为主的创新方法已逐渐成为系统化创新方法研究及应用推广的热门话题。在对TRIZ相关理论研究的基础上，运用TRIZ等技术创新相关理论、分形理论、最优化理论、模糊数学、多属性决策理论、组合数学等工具和方法，着重从TRIZ集成创新方法(Innovative Methods Integrated by TRIZ，IMI-TRIZ)的内涵、系统组成、评价方法、问题解决流程、应用途径方面展开，对IMI-TRIZ的系统结构及应用进行了较为深入的研究，研究TRIZ与其它学科创新方法之间的相互作用和互为因果的内在联系，为IMI-TRIZ在技术与非技术领域的实践应用提供了思路和借鉴。
本研究从六个方面对IMI-TRIZ的系统结构及应用途径做了探讨：
（1）IMI-TRIZ内涵、系统结构及问题解决流程。对创新方法的内涵做了界定，理清集成与集合、集成与协同的关系；定义了IMI-TRIZ，构建了IMI-TRIZ系统组成结构模型；构建了IMI-TRIZ问题处理流程系统的六阶段模型。
（2）IMI-TRIZ的综合评价。采用模糊多属性综合评价方法将区间型和精确型数据统一起来，对创新方法和解决方案进行综合评价。结合TRIZ理论39个工程参数，构建了IMI-TRIZ应用中的综合评价指标；对区间型数据和精确型数据指标，构建混合多属性决策指标的评价模型，给出具体的算法步骤。
（3）IMI-TRIZ的内部集成。以TRIZ理想化水平的改进算法为例研究了IMI-TRIZ的内部集成。通过对传统理想化水平计算公式分析，提出理想化水平改进算法；解决了技术系统进化条件下创新水平的动态测量方法问题，并以理想化水平动态指示器界定创新发展的水平。
（4）IMI-TRIZ的外部集成。通过TRIZ与其它学科方法集成的分析，构建IMI-TRIZ的外部集成系统结构，并通过信息系统架构设计和产品设计为例说明了IMI-TRIZ的实际应用。首先以“TRIZ+BSC+Fractal+SAM”外部集成的方式解决信息系统架构设计问题，构建信息系统规划的理想化模型，将企业战略和业务流程分解为关键成功因素CSF及相应的关键绩效指标KPI。通过模型构建，实现了企业业务战略、企业内部组织基础设施、企业信息系统战略与IT/IS基础设施间的战略匹配；其次以“TRIZ+TAM+QFD”外部集成方式解决新型墙体材料产品设计问题，通过TAM、QFD、TRIZ的比较优势，用不同创新工具解决从产品需求分析到产品设计、生产、应用、市场过程中的主要矛盾问题，得到基于产品生命周期的产品开发流程。
（5）IMI-TRIZ在信息系统架构设计中的应用。通过TRIZ理论、分形理论及战略匹配模型（SAM）集成，构建了信息系统的技术进化曲线和信息系统规划的理想化模型，设计了信息系统发展中的阶段性目标方法，利用BSC平衡记分卡将企业战略和业务流程分解为关键成功因素CSF及相应的关键绩效指标KPI。实现了企业业务战略、企业内部组织基础设施、企业信息系统战略与IT/IS基础设施间战略的匹配，构建了数学模型；以A公司为例，对公司的信息系统架构设计计算机仿真，提高了信息系统设计的自动化程度。
（6）IMI-TRIZ在产品开发设计中的应用。以IMI-TRIZ为理论基础，以新型墙体材料设计为例，对IMI-TRIZ在产品设计中的应用予以探索。通过混合多属性评价方法，选择TRIZ、TAM、QFD集成作为产品设计的最优创新方法，解决了从产品需求分析到产品设计、生产、应用、市场过程中的主要矛盾问题。通过对TAM、QFD、TRIZ的比较特征分析，提出基于产品生命周期的产品开发流程，根据TAM、QFD、TRIZ在企业产品生产制造全过程中不同阶段具有的差别优势，将三种创新方法结合，构建集成产品创新设计的流程架构。
本文对IMI-TRIZ的系统结构及应用研究的相关成果，对TRIZ理论的进一步完善和实际运用拓展具有积极的推动作用。
Research and application of innovative methods based on TRIZ (Theory ofInventive Problem Solving) have become a hot topic on systematic innovative methodsresearch and application. On the basis of IMI-TRIZ (Innovative Methods Integrated byTRIZ, IMI-TRIZ) related theories, this research focuses on the connotation, systemcomponents, evaluation method, the problem solving process, and ways of applicationdeployment of IMI-TRIZ. The system structure and the application of IMI-TRIZ aredeeply studied with the research tools and methods of TRIZ and the related theory,fractal theory, optimization theory, fuzzy mathematics, multiple attribute decisionmaking theory, combinatorial mathematics and so on. The interactions and reciprocalcausation between TRIZ and other discipline innovation methods have been wellstudied, this research provides a guideline and reference for the practical application ofIMI-TRIZ in the fields of technology and non-technology.
System structure and application issues of IMI-TRIZ are researched fromfollowing four aspects:
(1) Research on the IMI-TRIZ connotation, system structure and processes ofproblem solving. The connotation of innovative methods has been defined, therelationship between integration and collection, integration and synergy have beenclarified too. The IMI-TRIZ and constructed system composition structure model ofIMI-TRIZ have been defined, the six-stage model of IMI-TRIZ problem processingsystem has been constructed too.
(2) Research on the comprehensive evaluation of IMI-TRIZ. Adoptingcomprehensive evaluation methods of fuzzy multiple-attribute to unify the fuzzyintervals and exact data, and the comprehensive solutions of IMI-TRIZ has beenevaluated. Firstly, according to the theory of TRIZ with39engineering parameters, setsup a comprehensive evaluation index of the application of IMI-TRIZ. Secondly, forconstruct the evaluation model on the indexes of fuzzy intervals and exact data andalgorithm steps have been given.
(3) Research on the internal integration of IMI-TRIZ. Internal integration problemof IMI-TRIZ has been researched on a case based on improved algorithm of TRIZideality level. Through the analysis of traditional ideality level algorithm, the improved ideality level algorithm is proposed. Solves the problem of dynamic measurementmethod in the condition of technology system evolution, defines the level of innovationdevelopment with the dynamic indicator of the ideality level.
(4) Research on the external integration of IMI-TRIZ. Through the analysis ofTRIZ integrated with the other discipline's approach, constructed external integrationsystem architecture of TRIZ integrated with other discipline's methods, through theinformation system architecture design and product design as an example, illustrates thepractical application of IMI-TRIZ. Firstly, constructs the ideal information systemarchitecture model of the information system planning. By using a balanced scorecard(BSC), the business strategy and business processes are divided into critical successfactors (CSF) and key performance indicators (KPI).Build a mathematical model toachieve the alignment of the company business strategy, internal organizationalinfrastructure, company’s information systems strategy and IT/IS infrastructure strategy.Secondly, solves the problem of the product design of new wall materials in "TRIZTAM QFD" external integration approach. Through the analysis of different featurescomparison of TAM, QFD and TRIZ, proposed the product development process basedon the product life cycle. Combined with three innovative methods, a new integratedproduct innovation process architecture model according to the different advantages inthe product manufacturing process has been gotten.
(5) The application of IMI-TRIZ in the information system architecture design. ByTRIZ theory integrated with fractal theory and SAM model, analyses the key problemsin the design of information system planning. Construct the ideal information systemarchitecture model of the technology evolution curve and the information systemplanning. Design is the stage goal method of information system development. By usingbalanced scorecard(BSC), the business strategy and business processes is divided intocritical success factors(CSF) and key performance indicators(KPI).Build a mathematicalmodel to achieve the alignment of the company business strategy, internalorganizational infrastructure, company information systems strategy and IT/ISinfrastructure strategy. With A Company as a case study, through computer simulationof information system architecture design, improve the degree of automation ofinformation system design.
(6) The application of IMI-TRIZ in product development and design. Based on thetheory of IMI-TRIZ, the new wall materials design as an example, research the application of IMI-TRIZ in product design. By hybrid multiple attribute evaluationmethod, choose TRIZ. TAM, QFD as the optimal method of integrated innovationproduct design, resolve the main contradiction of demand analysis to product design,production, application and market, etc. Through features comparison analysis of TAM,QFD and TRIZ, proposed the product development process based on product life cycle.Combined three innovative methods to get a new integrated product innovation processarchitecture model according to the different state's advantages in the productmanufacturing process.
Related research achievements of the IMI-TRIZ system and its application have apositive role in promoting TRIZ development, and the research achievements improvethe TRIZ theory development as well as TRIZ practical application.
本研究从六个方面对IMI-TRIZ的系统结构及应用途径做了探讨：
（1）IMI-TRIZ内涵、系统结构及问题解决流程。对创新方法的内涵做了界定，理清集成与集合、集成与协同的关系；定义了IMI-TRIZ，构建了IMI-TRIZ系统组成结构模型；构建了IMI-TRIZ问题处理流程系统的六阶段模型。
（2）IMI-TRIZ的综合评价。采用模糊多属性综合评价方法将区间型和精确型数据统一起来，对创新方法和解决方案进行综合评价。结合TRIZ理论39个工程参数，构建了IMI-TRIZ应用中的综合评价指标；对区间型数据和精确型数据指标，构建混合多属性决策指标的评价模型，给出具体的算法步骤。
（3）IMI-TRIZ的内部集成。以TRIZ理想化水平的改进算法为例研究了IMI-TRIZ的内部集成。通过对传统理想化水平计算公式分析，提出理想化水平改进算法；解决了技术系统进化条件下创新水平的动态测量方法问题，并以理想化水平动态指示器界定创新发展的水平。
（4）IMI-TRIZ的外部集成。通过TRIZ与其它学科方法集成的分析，构建IMI-TRIZ的外部集成系统结构，并通过信息系统架构设计和产品设计为例说明了IMI-TRIZ的实际应用。首先以“TRIZ+BSC+Fractal+SAM”外部集成的方式解决信息系统架构设计问题，构建信息系统规划的理想化模型，将企业战略和业务流程分解为关键成功因素CSF及相应的关键绩效指标KPI。通过模型构建，实现了企业业务战略、企业内部组织基础设施、企业信息系统战略与IT/IS基础设施间的战略匹配；其次以“TRIZ+TAM+QFD”外部集成方式解决新型墙体材料产品设计问题，通过TAM、QFD、TRIZ的比较优势，用不同创新工具解决从产品需求分析到产品设计、生产、应用、市场过程中的主要矛盾问题，得到基于产品生命周期的产品开发流程。
（5）IMI-TRIZ在信息系统架构设计中的应用。通过TRIZ理论、分形理论及战略匹配模型（SAM）集成，构建了信息系统的技术进化曲线和信息系统规划的理想化模型，设计了信息系统发展中的阶段性目标方法，利用BSC平衡记分卡将企业战略和业务流程分解为关键成功因素CSF及相应的关键绩效指标KPI。实现了企业业务战略、企业内部组织基础设施、企业信息系统战略与IT/IS基础设施间战略的匹配，构建了数学模型；以A公司为例，对公司的信息系统架构设计计算机仿真，提高了信息系统设计的自动化程度。
（6）IMI-TRIZ在产品开发设计中的应用。以IMI-TRIZ为理论基础，以新型墙体材料设计为例，对IMI-TRIZ在产品设计中的应用予以探索。通过混合多属性评价方法，选择TRIZ、TAM、QFD集成作为产品设计的最优创新方法，解决了从产品需求分析到产品设计、生产、应用、市场过程中的主要矛盾问题。通过对TAM、QFD、TRIZ的比较特征分析，提出基于产品生命周期的产品开发流程，根据TAM、QFD、TRIZ在企业产品生产制造全过程中不同阶段具有的差别优势，将三种创新方法结合，构建集成产品创新设计的流程架构。
本文对IMI-TRIZ的系统结构及应用研究的相关成果，对TRIZ理论的进一步完善和实际运用拓展具有积极的推动作用。
Research and application of innovative methods based on TRIZ (Theory ofInventive Problem Solving) have become a hot topic on systematic innovative methodsresearch and application. On the basis of IMI-TRIZ (Innovative Methods Integrated byTRIZ, IMI-TRIZ) related theories, this research focuses on the connotation, systemcomponents, evaluation method, the problem solving process, and ways of applicationdeployment of IMI-TRIZ. The system structure and the application of IMI-TRIZ aredeeply studied with the research tools and methods of TRIZ and the related theory,fractal theory, optimization theory, fuzzy mathematics, multiple attribute decisionmaking theory, combinatorial mathematics and so on. The interactions and reciprocalcausation between TRIZ and other discipline innovation methods have been wellstudied, this research provides a guideline and reference for the practical application ofIMI-TRIZ in the fields of technology and non-technology.
System structure and application issues of IMI-TRIZ are researched fromfollowing four aspects:
(1) Research on the IMI-TRIZ connotation, system structure and processes ofproblem solving. The connotation of innovative methods has been defined, therelationship between integration and collection, integration and synergy have beenclarified too. The IMI-TRIZ and constructed system composition structure model ofIMI-TRIZ have been defined, the six-stage model of IMI-TRIZ problem processingsystem has been constructed too.
(2) Research on the comprehensive evaluation of IMI-TRIZ. Adoptingcomprehensive evaluation methods of fuzzy multiple-attribute to unify the fuzzyintervals and exact data, and the comprehensive solutions of IMI-TRIZ has beenevaluated. Firstly, according to the theory of TRIZ with39engineering parameters, setsup a comprehensive evaluation index of the application of IMI-TRIZ. Secondly, forconstruct the evaluation model on the indexes of fuzzy intervals and exact data andalgorithm steps have been given.
(3) Research on the internal integration of IMI-TRIZ. Internal integration problemof IMI-TRIZ has been researched on a case based on improved algorithm of TRIZideality level. Through the analysis of traditional ideality level algorithm, the improved ideality level algorithm is proposed. Solves the problem of dynamic measurementmethod in the condition of technology system evolution, defines the level of innovationdevelopment with the dynamic indicator of the ideality level.
(4) Research on the external integration of IMI-TRIZ. Through the analysis ofTRIZ integrated with the other discipline's approach, constructed external integrationsystem architecture of TRIZ integrated with other discipline's methods, through theinformation system architecture design and product design as an example, illustrates thepractical application of IMI-TRIZ. Firstly, constructs the ideal information systemarchitecture model of the information system planning. By using a balanced scorecard(BSC), the business strategy and business processes are divided into critical successfactors (CSF) and key performance indicators (KPI).Build a mathematical model toachieve the alignment of the company business strategy, internal organizationalinfrastructure, company’s information systems strategy and IT/IS infrastructure strategy.Secondly, solves the problem of the product design of new wall materials in "TRIZTAM QFD" external integration approach. Through the analysis of different featurescomparison of TAM, QFD and TRIZ, proposed the product development process basedon the product life cycle. Combined with three innovative methods, a new integratedproduct innovation process architecture model according to the different advantages inthe product manufacturing process has been gotten.
(5) The application of IMI-TRIZ in the information system architecture design. ByTRIZ theory integrated with fractal theory and SAM model, analyses the key problemsin the design of information system planning. Construct the ideal information systemarchitecture model of the technology evolution curve and the information systemplanning. Design is the stage goal method of information system development. By usingbalanced scorecard(BSC), the business strategy and business processes is divided intocritical success factors(CSF) and key performance indicators(KPI).Build a mathematicalmodel to achieve the alignment of the company business strategy, internalorganizational infrastructure, company information systems strategy and IT/ISinfrastructure strategy. With A Company as a case study, through computer simulationof information system architecture design, improve the degree of automation ofinformation system design.
(6) The application of IMI-TRIZ in product development and design. Based on thetheory of IMI-TRIZ, the new wall materials design as an example, research the application of IMI-TRIZ in product design. By hybrid multiple attribute evaluationmethod, choose TRIZ. TAM, QFD as the optimal method of integrated innovationproduct design, resolve the main contradiction of demand analysis to product design,production, application and market, etc. Through features comparison analysis of TAM,QFD and TRIZ, proposed the product development process based on product life cycle.Combined three innovative methods to get a new integrated product innovation processarchitecture model according to the different state's advantages in the productmanufacturing process.
Related research achievements of the IMI-TRIZ system and its application have apositive role in promoting TRIZ development, and the research achievements improvethe TRIZ theory development as well as TRIZ practical application.
引文
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