水处理工艺流程监控软件设计与实现
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摘要
我国污水处理监控技术起步晚,水处理和监控技术远远落后与发达国家。然而我国现阶段采用的监控软件均为组态软件,开发和应用成本高;同时组态软件的代码不开源性使水厂监控软件的升级和维护困难,难以满足不同水厂监控系统的特殊性要求,灵活性差。同时硬件设备多采用有线的控制系统,维护费用高,安全性差。
根据以上国内水厂监控系统的缺点,实验室开发了一套基于无线通信的污水处理工艺流程实时监控系统,包括监控软件和硬件平台,本人的主要工作是为该系统开发水处理监控软件,来实现水处理工艺流程的实时远程监控功能。在详细分析国内外发展现状之后,确定了监控软件的设计方案,将软件框架化分为三层结构:客户端应用程序、服务器应用程序和数据库。
监控软件的设计均采用模块化设计,优点是便于软件的修改、升级和维护。客户端应用程序开发的主要模块包括:各个工艺流程界面模块;日志、用户及设备管理模块;及用户登陆模块。通过控件的形式完成水厂现场各个设备的监控功能,最终实现了美观、清晰、交互友好客户端程序。服务器应用程序的开发,包括了通信模块、持久层模块、自动控制模块以及日志模块。在通信模块的开发过程中应用了Apache MINA服务器架构,使网络通信编程清晰、简单;根据客户端和服务器程序的开发的需要,在数据库中建立了10张表结构,同时在与数据库间的通信中应用了Hibernate中间件技术,使数据库的操作变得简单安全;自动控制模块的开发中应用的是PID控制算法实现污水处理监控系统的溶解氧自动控制算,并对自动控制效果进行了仿真。
经过系统联调,软件运行正常,实现了监控系统对上位机监控软件功能所提出的要求。
The problem of lacking water is restricted in its economic development for the bottleneck. The World is widely concerned due to water treatment and water recycling. However, monitoring technology of sewage treatment in China was carried out lately. Meanwhile, the monitoring systems and equipments of water treatment process have to be imported from abroad. Our governments at various levels have also put large amounts of funds into the monitoring systems and equipments of water treatment.
MEMS Center, Harbin Institute of Technology for the sewage treatment plants develop to sewage treatment process real-time monitoring system. The system includes monitoring software system and hardware platform. My main task is to prepare for the applications software system of water monitoring system monitoring system. The applications software framework consists of three tiers: Client application, Server application and databases.
The design of Monitoring software was realized by using modularized software design method, which achieve the objective of remote system maintenance and upgrade. At first, the dominant module of client application: process interface module; logs, user and device management module; user Login. Design of client based on completion, to achieve beautiful, clear, and user-friendly client interaction. The application server module include: communication module, automatic control, log module, etc. MINA techniques developed for communication module; Hibernate middleware use in database operations; the PID control algorithm for maintaining the dissolved oxygen concentration for automatic control module. According to the development of client and server, establish 10 table structures in the database.
Accomplished the debugging and testing, the software runs properly. The result demonstrated that the demand of the monitoring supervision software was realized.
根据以上国内水厂监控系统的缺点,实验室开发了一套基于无线通信的污水处理工艺流程实时监控系统,包括监控软件和硬件平台,本人的主要工作是为该系统开发水处理监控软件,来实现水处理工艺流程的实时远程监控功能。在详细分析国内外发展现状之后,确定了监控软件的设计方案,将软件框架化分为三层结构:客户端应用程序、服务器应用程序和数据库。
监控软件的设计均采用模块化设计,优点是便于软件的修改、升级和维护。客户端应用程序开发的主要模块包括:各个工艺流程界面模块;日志、用户及设备管理模块;及用户登陆模块。通过控件的形式完成水厂现场各个设备的监控功能,最终实现了美观、清晰、交互友好客户端程序。服务器应用程序的开发,包括了通信模块、持久层模块、自动控制模块以及日志模块。在通信模块的开发过程中应用了Apache MINA服务器架构,使网络通信编程清晰、简单;根据客户端和服务器程序的开发的需要,在数据库中建立了10张表结构,同时在与数据库间的通信中应用了Hibernate中间件技术,使数据库的操作变得简单安全;自动控制模块的开发中应用的是PID控制算法实现污水处理监控系统的溶解氧自动控制算,并对自动控制效果进行了仿真。
经过系统联调,软件运行正常,实现了监控系统对上位机监控软件功能所提出的要求。
The problem of lacking water is restricted in its economic development for the bottleneck. The World is widely concerned due to water treatment and water recycling. However, monitoring technology of sewage treatment in China was carried out lately. Meanwhile, the monitoring systems and equipments of water treatment process have to be imported from abroad. Our governments at various levels have also put large amounts of funds into the monitoring systems and equipments of water treatment.
MEMS Center, Harbin Institute of Technology for the sewage treatment plants develop to sewage treatment process real-time monitoring system. The system includes monitoring software system and hardware platform. My main task is to prepare for the applications software system of water monitoring system monitoring system. The applications software framework consists of three tiers: Client application, Server application and databases.
The design of Monitoring software was realized by using modularized software design method, which achieve the objective of remote system maintenance and upgrade. At first, the dominant module of client application: process interface module; logs, user and device management module; user Login. Design of client based on completion, to achieve beautiful, clear, and user-friendly client interaction. The application server module include: communication module, automatic control, log module, etc. MINA techniques developed for communication module; Hibernate middleware use in database operations; the PID control algorithm for maintaining the dissolved oxygen concentration for automatic control module. According to the development of client and server, establish 10 table structures in the database.
Accomplished the debugging and testing, the software runs properly. The result demonstrated that the demand of the monitoring supervision software was realized.
引文
1.江伟钰.我国淡水资源持续利用与依法治理的若干思考.科技与法律. 2003 (3)
2.王铁民,杨少伟,王章霞.曝气生物滤池工艺在生活污水处理中的应用.工业用水与废水. 2006, 37 (4): 86~88.
3.任远军,王蒙.水资源危机与水工业的发展.山东科技大学学报, 2001, 3 (3) :48 ~51.
4.刘岩.污水处理控制系统的设计.大连海事大学硕士学位论文. 2008
5.罗骏,黄东.废水处理监控系统的设计与应用.自动化与仪器仪表, 2004 (2).
6. Goronszy M.C. Industrial Application in Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology. IAWQ. Yearbook. 1997 : 35~38
7. Goronszy M.C. Advancements in Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology. IAWQ. Yearbook. 1999 : 24~25
8. Makinia J, Swinarski M, Dobiegala E. Experience with computer simulation at two large waste water treatment plants in Northern Poland. Wat. Sci. Tech, 2002, 45(9) : 209~218
9.杨世品.污水处理溶解氧控制系统的设计与实现.武汉科技大学硕士学位论文. 2008 : 11~16
10.王正祥,刘载文,薛福霞.污水处理过程软测量技术.北京工商大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 23(3) : 31~34
11.龙腾锐.污水处理技术控制与应用.环境工程, 2004, 26(3) : 70~74
12.忻培强,万由令.用于污水处理的计算机监控与数据采集系统.江苏大学学报, 2003, 24(4)
13.王新强,基于工业以太网的污水处理监控系统的研究与应用.湘潭大学2007 : 2~14
14. Cao Yan-pin, Xie Jian-ying. Design of Remote Supervisory System Based on Field Bus[J].Process Automation Instrumentation, 2004, 25(1) : 23~26
15.魏庆福.现场总线技术的发展与工业以太网综述.工业控制计算机, 2002.15(1), 1~5.
16.王慧峰,何衍庆.现场总线控制系统原理与应用.化学工业出版社, 2006.
17.张新鸿,李瑞娟,李家胜.工业以太网技术及应用前景.科技情报开发与经济, 2006(12) : 212~214.
18.张晓燕,李力雄,费敏锐.基于Internet的远程监控系统架构研究与设计.自动化仪表. 2006, 1(3)
19. Hong-Yan Li Web-Based Remote Monitoring and Control for Process Plants. Machine Learning and Cybernetics. 2005. Proceedings of 2005 International Conference. 2005, 2(8): 936~941.
20. Wirz, R., Marin, R. Remote programming of an Internet tele-lab for learning visual serving techniques: a case study Systems, Man and Cybernetics. 2004 IEEE International Conference, 2004, 5(10): 4414~4419.
21. Xiao-Gang Wang, Moallem. M, Pate,l R.V. An Internet-based distributed multiple telerobot system. Systems Man and Cybernetics. IEEE Transactions. 2003, 33(9): 627~634.
22. Michael Babb. Ethernet Moves to the Factory Floor. Design News. 2000(20).
23. Dempsey, Gary, Meissner Manfred, Spevacek Christopher. Using a CMAC neural network in noisy environments[C].Proceedings of the ANNIE'03 Conference& Exposition, St.Louis, MO, 2003, 11(13) : 425~509
24.杨立福等.给水排水自动化技术(SCADA)综述.给水排水. VOL.26, NO.3, 2000 : 72~78
25.吕涌,皇莆正贤.组件化结构的组件软件的研究与开发. 2000, 22(5) : 39~42
26.崔付友,王健.污水处理自动控制系统的应用设计.中国仪器仪表, 2007, (6).
27.张艳.基于一体化活性污泥法的城市污水处理控制系统研究.重庆大学硕士学位论文. 2006. 5 : 5~6
28.赵瑞颖.污水处理厂计算机监控系统的设计与实现.同济大学博士论文. 2000.
29. Marjan K. Gusev, Ljupco N. Antovski, Vangel V. AjanovskiByamugisha Fred. E-Deposit in Academic Use.IEEE: 2009, 27(24): 244~245.
30. Design and Implement of Sales Management System with Multi-Tier Architecture. Makerere University. 2002: 23~25.
31. Khalil Ahmed Saleh Al-Mekhlafi. Development of C/S and B/S E-Commerce System—Case Study of Object-Oriented Analysis & Design. Northeast Normal University Transaction. 2007: 19~21.
32.龚海燕.基于C/S模式的网络远程监控系统.南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文, 2003 : 23-45.
33.王岩,张泳.污水曝气系统变频调速的PID控制.天津市政设计, 2001,37(2) : 20 ~23
34.王俊清等.自控技术在污水处理系统中的应用环境保护科学. VOL. 26, NO.97, 2000.
35.杜树新.污水生化处理过程建模与控制.控制理论与应用. 2002, 19(5)
36.宋岩.污水处理控制系统设计与建模研究.江南大学硕士学位论文. 2008 :30~40
37.廖青州,宁艳. BOD与COD的理论相关性及其应用.广西化工, 2006, 12(29).
38.孔建益,李公法,熊禾根.工业生产中软测量建模方法及其应用研究.微计算机信息, 2007, 1(6)
39. Henze M, Gujer W, Mino T. Activated Sludge Models ASMI, ASM2, ASM2d and ASM3.IAW Scientific and Technical Report.2000.IAW Publishing.
40. Edgar N, Sanchez, Jose M, Gonzalez Esperanza Ramirez. Minimal PD Fuzzy Control of A Wastewater Treatment Plant. Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control, Rio, Patras, GREECE. 2000. 7 : 17~19
41.冯裕钊,龙腾锐,郭劲松等.变参数活性污泥系统的最优鲁棒控制法.中国给水排水, 2003, 19(3) : 14~15
42.郝金波,王俊普,李国清.污水处理过程智能建模与应用.重庆大学报(自然科学版), 2006, 23(2) : 32~34
43.胡玉玲,乔俊飞.活性污泥法污水处理过程的建模与仿真研究.信息与控制, 2006, 3(1) : 25~29
44.胡寿松.自动控制原理.国防工业出版社. 1995
45.徐建栋,遗传算法和神经网络在污水处理控制及监测系统中的应用研究,重庆大学, 2007. 5
46.何世钧,王化祥.城市污水处理系统溶解氧的控制.化工仪表及自动化. 2005, 30(1) : 36~38
47.汪雄海,张龙.污水泵站模糊自学习控制系统.电工技术学报, 2006, 17(5) : 101 ~103
48.赵文峰等. MATLAB控制系统设计与仿真.西安电子科技大学出版社. 2002
49.朱六章,文曾海.复杂系统建模与控制.信息与控制, 2004, 5(1)
50. Lars Petter Risholt. Pollution Based Real Time Control of Urban DrainageSystems. 2003. (12) : 277~281
51.相会强,刘芬.自动控制在污水处理中的应用.仪器仪表学报, 2005(8) : 235 ~237
52. Edgar N, Sanchez, et al. Minimal PD fuzzy control of a wastewater treatment plant. Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control. (ISIC2000). 2000 : 169~173
53. Hyunook Kim. SBR System for Phosphorus Removal: ASM2 and Simplified Linear Model. Journal of Environmental Engineering (S0733-9372), 2001, 127(2): 98~104.
54. Hyunook Kim. SBR System for Phosphorus Removal: Linear Model Based Optimization. Journal of Environmental Engineering (S0733-9372), 2001,127(2): 105~111.
55. Zhang Ping, Yuan Ming-zhe, Wang Hong. Simulation Study on Singular Perturbation Model of Wastewater Treatment Process. Journal System Simulation. 2007, 19(14): 3188~3192
56.毕云峰.遗传算法在最优模糊控制器设计中的应用研究.四川大学硕士学位论文. 2001. 5
2.王铁民,杨少伟,王章霞.曝气生物滤池工艺在生活污水处理中的应用.工业用水与废水. 2006, 37 (4): 86~88.
3.任远军,王蒙.水资源危机与水工业的发展.山东科技大学学报, 2001, 3 (3) :48 ~51.
4.刘岩.污水处理控制系统的设计.大连海事大学硕士学位论文. 2008
5.罗骏,黄东.废水处理监控系统的设计与应用.自动化与仪器仪表, 2004 (2).
6. Goronszy M.C. Industrial Application in Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology. IAWQ. Yearbook. 1997 : 35~38
7. Goronszy M.C. Advancements in Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology. IAWQ. Yearbook. 1999 : 24~25
8. Makinia J, Swinarski M, Dobiegala E. Experience with computer simulation at two large waste water treatment plants in Northern Poland. Wat. Sci. Tech, 2002, 45(9) : 209~218
9.杨世品.污水处理溶解氧控制系统的设计与实现.武汉科技大学硕士学位论文. 2008 : 11~16
10.王正祥,刘载文,薛福霞.污水处理过程软测量技术.北京工商大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 23(3) : 31~34
11.龙腾锐.污水处理技术控制与应用.环境工程, 2004, 26(3) : 70~74
12.忻培强,万由令.用于污水处理的计算机监控与数据采集系统.江苏大学学报, 2003, 24(4)
13.王新强,基于工业以太网的污水处理监控系统的研究与应用.湘潭大学2007 : 2~14
14. Cao Yan-pin, Xie Jian-ying. Design of Remote Supervisory System Based on Field Bus[J].Process Automation Instrumentation, 2004, 25(1) : 23~26
15.魏庆福.现场总线技术的发展与工业以太网综述.工业控制计算机, 2002.15(1), 1~5.
16.王慧峰,何衍庆.现场总线控制系统原理与应用.化学工业出版社, 2006.
17.张新鸿,李瑞娟,李家胜.工业以太网技术及应用前景.科技情报开发与经济, 2006(12) : 212~214.
18.张晓燕,李力雄,费敏锐.基于Internet的远程监控系统架构研究与设计.自动化仪表. 2006, 1(3)
19. Hong-Yan Li Web-Based Remote Monitoring and Control for Process Plants. Machine Learning and Cybernetics. 2005. Proceedings of 2005 International Conference. 2005, 2(8): 936~941.
20. Wirz, R., Marin, R. Remote programming of an Internet tele-lab for learning visual serving techniques: a case study Systems, Man and Cybernetics. 2004 IEEE International Conference, 2004, 5(10): 4414~4419.
21. Xiao-Gang Wang, Moallem. M, Pate,l R.V. An Internet-based distributed multiple telerobot system. Systems Man and Cybernetics. IEEE Transactions. 2003, 33(9): 627~634.
22. Michael Babb. Ethernet Moves to the Factory Floor. Design News. 2000(20).
23. Dempsey, Gary, Meissner Manfred, Spevacek Christopher. Using a CMAC neural network in noisy environments[C].Proceedings of the ANNIE'03 Conference& Exposition, St.Louis, MO, 2003, 11(13) : 425~509
24.杨立福等.给水排水自动化技术(SCADA)综述.给水排水. VOL.26, NO.3, 2000 : 72~78
25.吕涌,皇莆正贤.组件化结构的组件软件的研究与开发. 2000, 22(5) : 39~42
26.崔付友,王健.污水处理自动控制系统的应用设计.中国仪器仪表, 2007, (6).
27.张艳.基于一体化活性污泥法的城市污水处理控制系统研究.重庆大学硕士学位论文. 2006. 5 : 5~6
28.赵瑞颖.污水处理厂计算机监控系统的设计与实现.同济大学博士论文. 2000.
29. Marjan K. Gusev, Ljupco N. Antovski, Vangel V. AjanovskiByamugisha Fred. E-Deposit in Academic Use.IEEE: 2009, 27(24): 244~245.
30. Design and Implement of Sales Management System with Multi-Tier Architecture. Makerere University. 2002: 23~25.
31. Khalil Ahmed Saleh Al-Mekhlafi. Development of C/S and B/S E-Commerce System—Case Study of Object-Oriented Analysis & Design. Northeast Normal University Transaction. 2007: 19~21.
32.龚海燕.基于C/S模式的网络远程监控系统.南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文, 2003 : 23-45.
33.王岩,张泳.污水曝气系统变频调速的PID控制.天津市政设计, 2001,37(2) : 20 ~23
34.王俊清等.自控技术在污水处理系统中的应用环境保护科学. VOL. 26, NO.97, 2000.
35.杜树新.污水生化处理过程建模与控制.控制理论与应用. 2002, 19(5)
36.宋岩.污水处理控制系统设计与建模研究.江南大学硕士学位论文. 2008 :30~40
37.廖青州,宁艳. BOD与COD的理论相关性及其应用.广西化工, 2006, 12(29).
38.孔建益,李公法,熊禾根.工业生产中软测量建模方法及其应用研究.微计算机信息, 2007, 1(6)
39. Henze M, Gujer W, Mino T. Activated Sludge Models ASMI, ASM2, ASM2d and ASM3.IAW Scientific and Technical Report.2000.IAW Publishing.
40. Edgar N, Sanchez, Jose M, Gonzalez Esperanza Ramirez. Minimal PD Fuzzy Control of A Wastewater Treatment Plant. Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control, Rio, Patras, GREECE. 2000. 7 : 17~19
41.冯裕钊,龙腾锐,郭劲松等.变参数活性污泥系统的最优鲁棒控制法.中国给水排水, 2003, 19(3) : 14~15
42.郝金波,王俊普,李国清.污水处理过程智能建模与应用.重庆大学报(自然科学版), 2006, 23(2) : 32~34
43.胡玉玲,乔俊飞.活性污泥法污水处理过程的建模与仿真研究.信息与控制, 2006, 3(1) : 25~29
44.胡寿松.自动控制原理.国防工业出版社. 1995
45.徐建栋,遗传算法和神经网络在污水处理控制及监测系统中的应用研究,重庆大学, 2007. 5
46.何世钧,王化祥.城市污水处理系统溶解氧的控制.化工仪表及自动化. 2005, 30(1) : 36~38
47.汪雄海,张龙.污水泵站模糊自学习控制系统.电工技术学报, 2006, 17(5) : 101 ~103
48.赵文峰等. MATLAB控制系统设计与仿真.西安电子科技大学出版社. 2002
49.朱六章,文曾海.复杂系统建模与控制.信息与控制, 2004, 5(1)
50. Lars Petter Risholt. Pollution Based Real Time Control of Urban DrainageSystems. 2003. (12) : 277~281
51.相会强,刘芬.自动控制在污水处理中的应用.仪器仪表学报, 2005(8) : 235 ~237
52. Edgar N, Sanchez, et al. Minimal PD fuzzy control of a wastewater treatment plant. Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control. (ISIC2000). 2000 : 169~173
53. Hyunook Kim. SBR System for Phosphorus Removal: ASM2 and Simplified Linear Model. Journal of Environmental Engineering (S0733-9372), 2001, 127(2): 98~104.
54. Hyunook Kim. SBR System for Phosphorus Removal: Linear Model Based Optimization. Journal of Environmental Engineering (S0733-9372), 2001,127(2): 105~111.
55. Zhang Ping, Yuan Ming-zhe, Wang Hong. Simulation Study on Singular Perturbation Model of Wastewater Treatment Process. Journal System Simulation. 2007, 19(14): 3188~3192
56.毕云峰.遗传算法在最优模糊控制器设计中的应用研究.四川大学硕士学位论文. 2001. 5
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