联合循环余热锅炉蒸汽参数优化与动态特性研究
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摘要
本文通过分析双压再热余热锅炉和三压余热锅炉的换热特性
和结构特性，建立传热过程的数学物理模型，依此为依据，分别
建立优化模型，变工况静态特性模型和动态特性模型。
（1）以优化模型为基础，应用正多面体优化法，首先对双压
再热余热锅炉蒸汽侧流量和压力进行优化计算，并分析参数变化
的规律；其次对三压余热锅炉蒸汽侧流量和压力进行优化计算与
分析。
（2）以变工况动态模型为基础，首先分析、计算了不同压力
级别余热锅炉出口过热蒸汽参数在时间域内的动态特性，包括调
节时间、延迟时间等，其次分析了结构参数和物性参数对蒸汽动
态特性的影响。
（3）以变工况静态模型为基础，考虑到传热系数和燃气比热
在变工况下的变化，分析、计算了变工况稳定状态下不同压力级
别的余热锅炉出口蒸汽参数的特性。
本文通过对余热锅炉优化计算与变工况分析，得出的结论可
以为余热锅炉的设计和运行调节提供理论参考。
A mathematics and physics model of heat-transfer has set up on the basis of detailed analyzing the feature of the heat transfer process and construction of double-pressure-reheat heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and three-pressure HRSG, and then optimization Model, static model and dynamic model of off-design condition have been set up on the basis of the heat-transfer model.
Firstly, on the basis of the optimization model, the pressure and flow of super heated steam gas have been calculated and analysis, and analysis the regulation of the parameters.
Secondly, on the basis of the off-design condition dynamic model, calculated and analysis the dynamic characteristic feature of reheat steam gas of HRSG of every pressure-level, and analysis the effect on dynamic characteristic feature from parameters of constriction and physical characteristic.
Thirdly, on the basis of the off-design condition static model, with the variation of coefficient of heat transmission and specify heat of gas, calculated and analysis the steam parameters of each pressure-level on the condition of static state of HRSG.
The results of this pape could be referenced during the period of designing , operating and controlling HRSG.
和结构特性，建立传热过程的数学物理模型，依此为依据，分别
建立优化模型，变工况静态特性模型和动态特性模型。
（1）以优化模型为基础，应用正多面体优化法，首先对双压
再热余热锅炉蒸汽侧流量和压力进行优化计算，并分析参数变化
的规律；其次对三压余热锅炉蒸汽侧流量和压力进行优化计算与
分析。
（2）以变工况动态模型为基础，首先分析、计算了不同压力
级别余热锅炉出口过热蒸汽参数在时间域内的动态特性，包括调
节时间、延迟时间等，其次分析了结构参数和物性参数对蒸汽动
态特性的影响。
（3）以变工况静态模型为基础，考虑到传热系数和燃气比热
在变工况下的变化，分析、计算了变工况稳定状态下不同压力级
别的余热锅炉出口蒸汽参数的特性。
本文通过对余热锅炉优化计算与变工况分析，得出的结论可
以为余热锅炉的设计和运行调节提供理论参考。
A mathematics and physics model of heat-transfer has set up on the basis of detailed analyzing the feature of the heat transfer process and construction of double-pressure-reheat heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and three-pressure HRSG, and then optimization Model, static model and dynamic model of off-design condition have been set up on the basis of the heat-transfer model.
Firstly, on the basis of the optimization model, the pressure and flow of super heated steam gas have been calculated and analysis, and analysis the regulation of the parameters.
Secondly, on the basis of the off-design condition dynamic model, calculated and analysis the dynamic characteristic feature of reheat steam gas of HRSG of every pressure-level, and analysis the effect on dynamic characteristic feature from parameters of constriction and physical characteristic.
Thirdly, on the basis of the off-design condition static model, with the variation of coefficient of heat transmission and specify heat of gas, calculated and analysis the steam parameters of each pressure-level on the condition of static state of HRSG.
The results of this pape could be referenced during the period of designing , operating and controlling HRSG.
引文
1．沈维道，工程热力学，高等教育出版社，1983
2．绪方胜彦，现代控制工程，科学出版社，1978
3．张玉铎，热工自动控制系统，水利电力出版社，1984
4．刘明俊等，自动控制原理，国防科技大学出版社，2000
5．唐世林，电站计算机仿真技术，科学出版社，1996
6．陈来九，热工自动调节原理和应用，水利电力出版社，1982
7．章臣樾，锅炉动态特性及其数学模型，水利电力出版社，1987
8．焦树建，烧煤的燃气—蒸汽联合循环装置，清华大学出版社，1998
9．沈炳正，燃气轮机装置，机械工业出版社，1990
10．王家璇，动力工程热经济学，水力电力出版社，1995
11．黄祥新，热力系统与设备，机械工业出版社，1989
12．焦树建，用燃气轮机改造燃煤旧电站的若干方案与评价，燃气轮机技术，1997，10．2
13．黄文波．林汝谋，联合循环中余热锅炉及其热力特性分析，燃气轮机技术 1996，9．4
14．吴亦三，燃气／蒸汽联合循环发电技术，能源研究与信息
15．曾祥耙，燃气蒸汽联合循环汽轮机参数的匹配，热能动力工程 1998．13
16．蔡睿贤，余热锅炉节点温差及其对联合循环性能的影响，工程热物理学报，1983．4．3
17．蔡睿贤，余热锅炉变工况计算，工程热物理学报，1990，2
18．邓世敏，危师让联合循环蒸汽系统参数分析研究，动力工程，1998．4
19．江丽霞等，单压过热蒸汽余热锅炉变工况解析解，工程热物理学报，1999，7
20 吴幼奋，余热锅炉参数选择的火用分析，
21 范江，鞍山热电厂采暖期热负荷分配优化方案，动力工程，1997．1
22 吕子安，热工对象建模方法的研究及应用，清华大学博士论文摘要，1988，12-14
23 Enns,M. Comparision of Dynamic Model of a Superheater,Transaction of the ASME,series C, November 1962
24. A.Agazzani A Tool For Thermoecnomic Analysis and Optimization of Gas,Steam,and Combined Plants. ASME Journal of Enginerring for gas Turbines and Power, October 1997.119
25. B.Seyedan Optimization of Waste Heat Recovery Boiler of a Combined Cycle Power Plant, ASME Journal of Enginerring for gas Turbines and Power, July1996,118
26. W W Chin. Exergy Analysis of Combined Cycles: Part 2—Analysis and Optimization of two—Pressure Steam Bottoming Cycles. ASME Journal of Engineering for gas Turbines and Power, April 1987,109
27. Obolland. A Comparative Evaluation of Advanced Combined Cycle Alternatives. ASME Journal of Enginerring for gas Turbines and Power, 1991,113
28. P J Dechamps,N Piard. Part-Load Operation of Combined Cycle Plant With and Without Supplementary Firing. Journal of Engineering for gas Turbines and Power, April 1995,117
29. Akber Pasha. Combined Cycle Heat Recovery Steam Generraors Optimum Capabilities and Selection Criteria, Heat Recovery Systeam&CHP Vol. 15,1995
30. R.Kehlhofer, Zurich, Caculation for Part—Load Operation of Combined Gas/Steam Turbine Plants, Brown Boveri Review 10-78 1978
31. Nicola Bettagli, Off Design Performance of Multipressure Heat Recovery Boilers, International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposion,June 5-8,1995
32 杨松鹤，GE公司重型燃气轮机系列发展分析，燃汽轮机技术，2000，3
2．绪方胜彦，现代控制工程，科学出版社，1978
3．张玉铎，热工自动控制系统，水利电力出版社，1984
4．刘明俊等，自动控制原理，国防科技大学出版社，2000
5．唐世林，电站计算机仿真技术，科学出版社，1996
6．陈来九，热工自动调节原理和应用，水利电力出版社，1982
7．章臣樾，锅炉动态特性及其数学模型，水利电力出版社，1987
8．焦树建，烧煤的燃气—蒸汽联合循环装置，清华大学出版社，1998
9．沈炳正，燃气轮机装置，机械工业出版社，1990
10．王家璇，动力工程热经济学，水力电力出版社，1995
11．黄祥新，热力系统与设备，机械工业出版社，1989
12．焦树建，用燃气轮机改造燃煤旧电站的若干方案与评价，燃气轮机技术，1997，10．2
13．黄文波．林汝谋，联合循环中余热锅炉及其热力特性分析，燃气轮机技术 1996，9．4
14．吴亦三，燃气／蒸汽联合循环发电技术，能源研究与信息
15．曾祥耙，燃气蒸汽联合循环汽轮机参数的匹配，热能动力工程 1998．13
16．蔡睿贤，余热锅炉节点温差及其对联合循环性能的影响，工程热物理学报，1983．4．3
17．蔡睿贤，余热锅炉变工况计算，工程热物理学报，1990，2
18．邓世敏，危师让联合循环蒸汽系统参数分析研究，动力工程，1998．4
19．江丽霞等，单压过热蒸汽余热锅炉变工况解析解，工程热物理学报，1999，7
20 吴幼奋，余热锅炉参数选择的火用分析，
21 范江，鞍山热电厂采暖期热负荷分配优化方案，动力工程，1997．1
22 吕子安，热工对象建模方法的研究及应用，清华大学博士论文摘要，1988，12-14
23 Enns,M. Comparision of Dynamic Model of a Superheater,Transaction of the ASME,series C, November 1962
24. A.Agazzani A Tool For Thermoecnomic Analysis and Optimization of Gas,Steam,and Combined Plants. ASME Journal of Enginerring for gas Turbines and Power, October 1997.119
25. B.Seyedan Optimization of Waste Heat Recovery Boiler of a Combined Cycle Power Plant, ASME Journal of Enginerring for gas Turbines and Power, July1996,118
26. W W Chin. Exergy Analysis of Combined Cycles: Part 2—Analysis and Optimization of two—Pressure Steam Bottoming Cycles. ASME Journal of Engineering for gas Turbines and Power, April 1987,109
27. Obolland. A Comparative Evaluation of Advanced Combined Cycle Alternatives. ASME Journal of Enginerring for gas Turbines and Power, 1991,113
28. P J Dechamps,N Piard. Part-Load Operation of Combined Cycle Plant With and Without Supplementary Firing. Journal of Engineering for gas Turbines and Power, April 1995,117
29. Akber Pasha. Combined Cycle Heat Recovery Steam Generraors Optimum Capabilities and Selection Criteria, Heat Recovery Systeam&CHP Vol. 15,1995
30. R.Kehlhofer, Zurich, Caculation for Part—Load Operation of Combined Gas/Steam Turbine Plants, Brown Boveri Review 10-78 1978
31. Nicola Bettagli, Off Design Performance of Multipressure Heat Recovery Boilers, International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposion,June 5-8,1995
32 杨松鹤，GE公司重型燃气轮机系列发展分析，燃汽轮机技术，2000，3