缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统阻垢效能优化关键技术研究
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摘要
水垢问题一直是困扰人类日常生活和生产的重要问题，它的存在不但严重影响人们的身体健康，而且会降低工业生产中的能量交换效率，并导致严重的安全隐患。缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统(circumvolute electronic pulse watertreatment system，简称CEPWT系统)是一种基于交变电场阻垢原理的水处理系统，被广泛应用于解决工业硬水及民用硬水的水垢问题，其阻垢效果较为显著。但是到目前为止，交变电场的阻垢机理还没有被人们完全掌握，因此缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统在实际的工程应用中缺乏可靠的理论指导，从而导致了系统阻垢性能的不稳定。本文研究的目的是在完善交变电场阻垢机理研究结论的基础上，探索缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统关键参数的优化方法，为缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统阻垢性能的优化提供可靠的理论基础。
本文紧紧围绕缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统阻垢性能优化这一主题，针对国内外在交变电场阻垢机理研究过程中存在的争议问题，应用分子动力学模拟的方法从微观层面上实现了对交变电场阻垢机理的研究；针对当前缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统在应用过程中缺乏理论指导的现状，通过建立系统等效电路数学模型并结合交变电场阻垢机理以及电场作用下的电解质溶液理论，确立了系统关键参数的优化方法，该方法为缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统在实际工程中的高效应用提供了重要的理论指导。
针对目前交变电场阻垢机理尚不明确以及缺乏交变电场作用下硬水溶液微观结构变化研究结论的问题，本文应用非平衡分子动力学方法研究了交变电场对CaCl2溶液微观结构及热动力学性质的影响，通过对CaCl2溶液中钙离子的径向分布函数，以及钙离子和水分子的自扩散系数的计算，观察水合钙离子的离子半径、钙离子及水分子的扩散速率在施加交变电场前后的变化，并进一步详细分析了CaCl2溶液微观结构及热动力学性质的变化对碳酸钙沉淀生成及生长过程的影响，从微观层面上较好的解释了交变电场的阻垢机理。
针对目前缺乏对缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统工作过程精确控制的方法，并且对输水管材料的选择以及激磁信号波形的选择缺乏理论指导的问题，建立了系统的等效电路数学模型，并根据系统特点对模型进行合理简化，该模型可较好地描述缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统在整个时域内的工作状态；运用有限元方法研究了感生磁场在不同材料水管中的分布，实现了对最优输水管材料的选择；提出了一种可有效简化缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统数学模型求解过程的方法，并实现了对最优激磁信号波形的选择。
为确定阻垢效果与缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统关键参数之间的对应关系，建立了溶液中感生电流的近似表达式；在基于之前得到的针对交变电场阻垢机理的研究结论，以及深入分析了影响缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统阻垢效果关键因素的基础上，结合外加电场下的电解质溶液理论，实现了缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统关键参数的优化设置，从而实现了对系统阻垢性能的优化。通过实验证明，本文建立的缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统关键参数优化设置方法，可以正确反映系统关键参数与阻垢性能之间的定量关系。
Scale problem is a key problem to many fields of social life. The water scale isnot only harmful for human health but also making the industrial heat efficiencyreduced, what's worse is it can cause horrible potential safety hazard. The scaleproblem roots on using hard water. The circumvolute electronic pulse watertreatment (CEPWT) system is a very useful electromagnetic field water treatmentsystem to the scale problem, and is used to solve the scale problem in the industrialwater and people daily water field. But the anti-fouling mechanism of CEPWTsystem is still not all clear as yet. Therefore it is scarce of theoretical direction tomake a good use of CEPWT system, which makes the anti-fouling performanceunstable. The research purpose of the present thesis is improving the anti-foulingmechanism of CEPWT system, and based on the improved mechanism the methodof CEPWT system‘s key parameter optimization will be researched, which can give atheoretical direction for optimizing CEPWT system‘s anti-fouling function.
The optimization of CEPWT system‘s anti-fouling function is the core problemof this thesis. For solving the controversial problems of the CEPWT system‘santi-fouling function, the influence to the change of microcosmic particles structurein the hard water solutions by AC electric field is researched by using systematiclong time non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulation; for solving thecurrent situation of lacking theoretical direction for using CEPWT system, amathematical model of CEPWT system is built, and based on this mathematicalmodel and debye-huckel theory the method of CEPWT system‘s key parameteroptimization is obtained. This method can give an important theoretical direction fora high-efficiency using of the CEPWT system in practice.
In order to solve lacking the research of the influence to the change ofmicrocosmic particles structure in the hard water solutions by AC electric field, inthe present thesis systematic long time (1112-2500ns) non-equilibrium moleculardynamics (MD) simulation has been carried out to study structural and dynamicalproperties of hydrated Ca2+and water molecules in CaCl2aqueous solutions with anexternal AC electric field produced by the CEPWT system, and analysed how thechange of structural and dynamical properties can affect the calcium carbonatecrystallizing process, which can explain the anti-fouling mechanism of CEPWTsystem from micro perspective.
In order to solve the problem of lacking an accurate control method for theCEPWT system and lacking the theoretical direction for choosing the optimal watertube material and excitation signal, in the present thesis a mathematical analytical modeling of CEPWT system is built and simplified based on the system features.This analytical modeling can describe the working progress of CEPWT system inthe whole time domain. The optimal water tube material is chosen by studying themagnetic field distribution using finite element method. Further more amathematical method is used to simplify the solving progress of the analyticalmodeling of CEPWT system, and based this method, the optimal waveform ofexcitation signal is chosen.
For building a relationship between CEPWT system‘s key parameter andsystem‘s anti-fouling function, an approximate analytical modeling of inducedcurrent for electronic anti-fouling technology is deduced. Then based on theimproved anti-fouling mechanism of CEPWT system which is obtained from theprevious chapters, the key factors which can influence the anti-fouling effect ofCEPWT system, and electrolyte solution theory, the method of CEPWT system‘skey parameter optimization is abtained, which can be used to optimize the CEPWTsystem‘s anti-fouling function. A series of experiments were carried out, and theexperiment results prove that the the method of CEPWT system‘s key parameteroptimization can accurately reflect the quantitative relation between CEPWTsystem‘s key parameter and system‘s anti-fouling function.
本文紧紧围绕缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统阻垢性能优化这一主题，针对国内外在交变电场阻垢机理研究过程中存在的争议问题，应用分子动力学模拟的方法从微观层面上实现了对交变电场阻垢机理的研究；针对当前缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统在应用过程中缺乏理论指导的现状，通过建立系统等效电路数学模型并结合交变电场阻垢机理以及电场作用下的电解质溶液理论，确立了系统关键参数的优化方法，该方法为缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统在实际工程中的高效应用提供了重要的理论指导。
针对目前交变电场阻垢机理尚不明确以及缺乏交变电场作用下硬水溶液微观结构变化研究结论的问题，本文应用非平衡分子动力学方法研究了交变电场对CaCl2溶液微观结构及热动力学性质的影响，通过对CaCl2溶液中钙离子的径向分布函数，以及钙离子和水分子的自扩散系数的计算，观察水合钙离子的离子半径、钙离子及水分子的扩散速率在施加交变电场前后的变化，并进一步详细分析了CaCl2溶液微观结构及热动力学性质的变化对碳酸钙沉淀生成及生长过程的影响，从微观层面上较好的解释了交变电场的阻垢机理。
针对目前缺乏对缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统工作过程精确控制的方法，并且对输水管材料的选择以及激磁信号波形的选择缺乏理论指导的问题，建立了系统的等效电路数学模型，并根据系统特点对模型进行合理简化，该模型可较好地描述缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统在整个时域内的工作状态；运用有限元方法研究了感生磁场在不同材料水管中的分布，实现了对最优输水管材料的选择；提出了一种可有效简化缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统数学模型求解过程的方法，并实现了对最优激磁信号波形的选择。
为确定阻垢效果与缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统关键参数之间的对应关系，建立了溶液中感生电流的近似表达式；在基于之前得到的针对交变电场阻垢机理的研究结论，以及深入分析了影响缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统阻垢效果关键因素的基础上，结合外加电场下的电解质溶液理论，实现了缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统关键参数的优化设置，从而实现了对系统阻垢性能的优化。通过实验证明，本文建立的缠绕式电脉冲水处理系统关键参数优化设置方法，可以正确反映系统关键参数与阻垢性能之间的定量关系。
Scale problem is a key problem to many fields of social life. The water scale isnot only harmful for human health but also making the industrial heat efficiencyreduced, what's worse is it can cause horrible potential safety hazard. The scaleproblem roots on using hard water. The circumvolute electronic pulse watertreatment (CEPWT) system is a very useful electromagnetic field water treatmentsystem to the scale problem, and is used to solve the scale problem in the industrialwater and people daily water field. But the anti-fouling mechanism of CEPWTsystem is still not all clear as yet. Therefore it is scarce of theoretical direction tomake a good use of CEPWT system, which makes the anti-fouling performanceunstable. The research purpose of the present thesis is improving the anti-foulingmechanism of CEPWT system, and based on the improved mechanism the methodof CEPWT system‘s key parameter optimization will be researched, which can give atheoretical direction for optimizing CEPWT system‘s anti-fouling function.
The optimization of CEPWT system‘s anti-fouling function is the core problemof this thesis. For solving the controversial problems of the CEPWT system‘santi-fouling function, the influence to the change of microcosmic particles structurein the hard water solutions by AC electric field is researched by using systematiclong time non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulation; for solving thecurrent situation of lacking theoretical direction for using CEPWT system, amathematical model of CEPWT system is built, and based on this mathematicalmodel and debye-huckel theory the method of CEPWT system‘s key parameteroptimization is obtained. This method can give an important theoretical direction fora high-efficiency using of the CEPWT system in practice.
In order to solve lacking the research of the influence to the change ofmicrocosmic particles structure in the hard water solutions by AC electric field, inthe present thesis systematic long time (1112-2500ns) non-equilibrium moleculardynamics (MD) simulation has been carried out to study structural and dynamicalproperties of hydrated Ca2+and water molecules in CaCl2aqueous solutions with anexternal AC electric field produced by the CEPWT system, and analysed how thechange of structural and dynamical properties can affect the calcium carbonatecrystallizing process, which can explain the anti-fouling mechanism of CEPWTsystem from micro perspective.
In order to solve the problem of lacking an accurate control method for theCEPWT system and lacking the theoretical direction for choosing the optimal watertube material and excitation signal, in the present thesis a mathematical analytical modeling of CEPWT system is built and simplified based on the system features.This analytical modeling can describe the working progress of CEPWT system inthe whole time domain. The optimal water tube material is chosen by studying themagnetic field distribution using finite element method. Further more amathematical method is used to simplify the solving progress of the analyticalmodeling of CEPWT system, and based this method, the optimal waveform ofexcitation signal is chosen.
For building a relationship between CEPWT system‘s key parameter andsystem‘s anti-fouling function, an approximate analytical modeling of inducedcurrent for electronic anti-fouling technology is deduced. Then based on theimproved anti-fouling mechanism of CEPWT system which is obtained from theprevious chapters, the key factors which can influence the anti-fouling effect ofCEPWT system, and electrolyte solution theory, the method of CEPWT system‘skey parameter optimization is abtained, which can be used to optimize the CEPWTsystem‘s anti-fouling function. A series of experiments were carried out, and theexperiment results prove that the the method of CEPWT system‘s key parameteroptimization can accurately reflect the quantitative relation between CEPWTsystem‘s key parameter and system‘s anti-fouling function.
引文
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