刑事被害人诉讼保护研究
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摘要
完善的被害人保护制度、体系,是尊重人性和保障人权的现代国家标志之一。被害人保护体系的建构,具体表现在诉讼制度和社会制度上。在诉讼制度的权利保护方面体现在被害人的刑事诉讼地位重架构和具体措施上社会制度方面给被害人权利补偿相关制度为主。
本论文从宪法学、刑法学、刑事诉讼法学、社会学、被害人学、心理学等领域着手探讨如何在诉讼中加强对被害人权利的保护。第一章中,就本文的研究动机、目的、方法、范围作简要介绍。第二章中由人性尊严及宪法上权利保护的基础所提出被害人权利保护的理论基础，这部分是现有被害人刑事诉讼程序权利保护领域理论论述相对欠缺的部分,做了一定的探索和分析。同时提出犯罪被害人补偿制度的相关理论,犯罪被害人补偿制度应系基于社会福利之观点,辅之以刑事政策、犯罪防制等方面之考量,对于遭受生命、身体上损害之重大犯罪被害给予相当金额之补偿,期能回复或缓和其因犯罪被害所受到之经济上、生理上、精神上之损害。第三章就被害人的角色、地位以及权利保护内容加以探讨,以作为建构被害人权利保护之基础。为了确保被害人在刑事诉讼程序保护的考量,尝试寻求被害人在刑事诉讼程序的新的定位。第四章具体分析了现有被害人诉讼权利保护方面的制度欠缺和内容就如何加强保护进行了一些具体的探讨。第五章对本论文所讨论的内容进行了具体的建议和展望。
本论文期待建构一种相对完善的被害人诉讼权利保护的相关制度和措施以此为开端进而发展和完善现有的犯罪被害人保护体系,并由国家鼓励并协助民间机构对犯罪被害人辅助和关怀。期望能真正落实对犯罪被害人的人权保障,使其人性尊严受到最大尊重,实现社会和谐和社会正义。
Only with the possession of a comprehensive victim's protection system, can any modern country justify the claim to fully respect human rights and human dignity. The victim's protection system can be specifically built on the twin foundations of the litigation procedures and social structures-the former provides for the protection of the victim on basis of his redefined role in juridical procedures and the resulting realignment in power relationships; the latter is represented by the financial compensation system for victims.
This thesis will draw upon research from constitution law, criminal law, criminal litigation studies, sociology, criminology, victim studies and psychology to attempt to construct a comprehensive victims, protection system that takes into account the victim's rights and needs. Chapter1will introduce the research motives, objectives, method and parameter of this thesis. Chapter2explores the theoretical foundation for the victim's protection, which is based on his human and constitutional rights. Inadequacies in current criminal procedures and provisions for the protection of victims are addressed and analyzed. Furthermore, Chapter2will discuss the theoretical underpinning for the system, with additional inputs from the fields of social, criminal strategy and crime prevention policies. The victims of crime should be compensated in measures commiserate with the enormity of the crime suffered, in order to mitigate and to mollify the suffering of victim financially, physically and psychologically. Chapter3seeks to further explore and understand the basis for the victim's protection in the context
This thesis anticipates the government's establishment of a victim's compensation system and its renewed emphasis of the victim's interest during criminal proceedings. Hopefully this two measures will act in tandem as the precursors leading to the eventual development of a comprehensive victim's protection system that can be further supplemented by civil bodies and welfare organizations so that future victims of crime can receive the necessary care, assistance and support that is in accordance with their rights as human beings and in doing so, ensure that social justice prevails.
本论文从宪法学、刑法学、刑事诉讼法学、社会学、被害人学、心理学等领域着手探讨如何在诉讼中加强对被害人权利的保护。第一章中,就本文的研究动机、目的、方法、范围作简要介绍。第二章中由人性尊严及宪法上权利保护的基础所提出被害人权利保护的理论基础，这部分是现有被害人刑事诉讼程序权利保护领域理论论述相对欠缺的部分,做了一定的探索和分析。同时提出犯罪被害人补偿制度的相关理论,犯罪被害人补偿制度应系基于社会福利之观点,辅之以刑事政策、犯罪防制等方面之考量,对于遭受生命、身体上损害之重大犯罪被害给予相当金额之补偿,期能回复或缓和其因犯罪被害所受到之经济上、生理上、精神上之损害。第三章就被害人的角色、地位以及权利保护内容加以探讨,以作为建构被害人权利保护之基础。为了确保被害人在刑事诉讼程序保护的考量,尝试寻求被害人在刑事诉讼程序的新的定位。第四章具体分析了现有被害人诉讼权利保护方面的制度欠缺和内容就如何加强保护进行了一些具体的探讨。第五章对本论文所讨论的内容进行了具体的建议和展望。
本论文期待建构一种相对完善的被害人诉讼权利保护的相关制度和措施以此为开端进而发展和完善现有的犯罪被害人保护体系,并由国家鼓励并协助民间机构对犯罪被害人辅助和关怀。期望能真正落实对犯罪被害人的人权保障,使其人性尊严受到最大尊重,实现社会和谐和社会正义。
Only with the possession of a comprehensive victim's protection system, can any modern country justify the claim to fully respect human rights and human dignity. The victim's protection system can be specifically built on the twin foundations of the litigation procedures and social structures-the former provides for the protection of the victim on basis of his redefined role in juridical procedures and the resulting realignment in power relationships; the latter is represented by the financial compensation system for victims.
This thesis will draw upon research from constitution law, criminal law, criminal litigation studies, sociology, criminology, victim studies and psychology to attempt to construct a comprehensive victims, protection system that takes into account the victim's rights and needs. Chapter1will introduce the research motives, objectives, method and parameter of this thesis. Chapter2explores the theoretical foundation for the victim's protection, which is based on his human and constitutional rights. Inadequacies in current criminal procedures and provisions for the protection of victims are addressed and analyzed. Furthermore, Chapter2will discuss the theoretical underpinning for the system, with additional inputs from the fields of social, criminal strategy and crime prevention policies. The victims of crime should be compensated in measures commiserate with the enormity of the crime suffered, in order to mitigate and to mollify the suffering of victim financially, physically and psychologically. Chapter3seeks to further explore and understand the basis for the victim's protection in the context
This thesis anticipates the government's establishment of a victim's compensation system and its renewed emphasis of the victim's interest during criminal proceedings. Hopefully this two measures will act in tandem as the precursors leading to the eventual development of a comprehensive victim's protection system that can be further supplemented by civil bodies and welfare organizations so that future victims of crime can receive the necessary care, assistance and support that is in accordance with their rights as human beings and in doing so, ensure that social justice prevails.
引文
①林锡章著,西德公法上之比例原则,司法周刊第九十八期第二版
①程味秋、杨诚、杨宇冠编,联合国人权公约和刑事司法文献汇编,中国法制出版社,第二0七一二-○页；上野治男,犯罪被害者,第八五三号,一九八六年二月,第二十九页
[1]Donald Light, Jr, Suzanne Keller, "Sociology",林义男译,社会学(精节本),巨流图书公司,一九八八年九月一版,第一四五页
[2]Mortimer J. Adler著,蔡坤鸿译,六大观念一真、善、美、自由、正义、平等,联经出版事业公司,一九九○年七月
[3]内政部警政署,九十年刑事案件受理、侦查及审判概况
[4]王平主编,恢复性司法论坛(2005年卷),群众出版社,二○○五年十二月一版
[5]王平主编,恢复性司法论坛(2006年卷),群众出版社,二○○六年一月一版王兆鹏著,美国刑事诉讼法,自版,二○○四年九月王泽鉴著,民法学说与判例研究(第一册),自版,一九八六年九月八版司法院印行,美国联邦证据法,七十四年四月
[6]史尚宽著,亲属法论,自版,一九六四年
[7]白秀雄著,瑞典美国及我国社会福利比较研究,中国社会福利协进会,一九七六年六月初版
[8]江亮演著,社会安全制度,五南图书出版公司,一九八六年九月
[9]何秉松著,新时代与犯罪体系的重构,山东大学“犯罪理论体系国际研讨会”主题报告,二○○五年十一月
[10]李震山著,人性尊严与人权保护,元照出版公司,二○○一年
[11]周建卿编,社会安全论丛(第一集),水牛出版社,一九八。年十月二十五日版
[12]林辉雄著,人性尊严与自由民主宪法秩序关系之研究,中正大学法律系硕士论文
[13]施奈德主编,许章润等译,国际范围内的被害人,中国人民公安大学出版社,一九九二年三月
[14]郭建安主编,犯罪被害人学,北京大学出版社一九九七年四月
[15]陈光中、徐静村主编,刑事诉讼法学,中国政法大学出版社,二○○二年七月修订二版,第五十七一二九九页
[16]陈光中主编,刑事诉讼法学五十年,警官教育出版社,一九九九年五月
[17]麻国安著,青少年被害人援助论,中国人民公安大学出版社,二○○五年十月
[18]杨正万著,刑事被害人问题研究—从诉讼角度的观察,中国人民公安大学出版社,二○○二年八月
①程味秋、杨诚、杨宇冠编,联合国人权公约和刑事司法文献汇编,中国法制出版社,第二0七一二-○页；上野治男,犯罪被害者,第八五三号,一九八六年二月,第二十九页
[1]Donald Light, Jr, Suzanne Keller, "Sociology",林义男译,社会学(精节本),巨流图书公司,一九八八年九月一版,第一四五页
[2]Mortimer J. Adler著,蔡坤鸿译,六大观念一真、善、美、自由、正义、平等,联经出版事业公司,一九九○年七月
[3]内政部警政署,九十年刑事案件受理、侦查及审判概况
[4]王平主编,恢复性司法论坛(2005年卷),群众出版社,二○○五年十二月一版
[5]王平主编,恢复性司法论坛(2006年卷),群众出版社,二○○六年一月一版王兆鹏著,美国刑事诉讼法,自版,二○○四年九月王泽鉴著,民法学说与判例研究(第一册),自版,一九八六年九月八版司法院印行,美国联邦证据法,七十四年四月
[6]史尚宽著,亲属法论,自版,一九六四年
[7]白秀雄著,瑞典美国及我国社会福利比较研究,中国社会福利协进会,一九七六年六月初版
[8]江亮演著,社会安全制度,五南图书出版公司,一九八六年九月
[9]何秉松著,新时代与犯罪体系的重构,山东大学“犯罪理论体系国际研讨会”主题报告,二○○五年十一月
[10]李震山著,人性尊严与人权保护,元照出版公司,二○○一年
[11]周建卿编,社会安全论丛(第一集),水牛出版社,一九八。年十月二十五日版
[12]林辉雄著,人性尊严与自由民主宪法秩序关系之研究,中正大学法律系硕士论文
[13]施奈德主编,许章润等译,国际范围内的被害人,中国人民公安大学出版社,一九九二年三月
[14]郭建安主编,犯罪被害人学,北京大学出版社一九九七年四月
[15]陈光中、徐静村主编,刑事诉讼法学,中国政法大学出版社,二○○二年七月修订二版,第五十七一二九九页
[16]陈光中主编,刑事诉讼法学五十年,警官教育出版社,一九九九年五月
[17]麻国安著,青少年被害人援助论,中国人民公安大学出版社,二○○五年十月
[18]杨正万著,刑事被害人问题研究—从诉讼角度的观察,中国人民公安大学出版社,二○○二年八月