低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕的遗传毒性研究
|
摘要
家蚕是经过长期驯化的鳞翅目经济昆虫,对农药十分敏感,抗药性远小于野外生存的害虫。在蚕区农林害虫的化学防治过程中,农药可直接或间接地通过触杀、胃毒、熏蒸等多种途径造成家蚕中毒。阿维菌素(avermectin)是由灰色链霉菌(Streptomyces avermitilis)发酵产生的一类十六元大环内酯类化合物,其杀虫机制是通过作用昆虫神经元突触或神经肌肉突触的γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)受体,刺激GABA释放,从而干扰正常的神经活动,造成昆虫麻痹、拒食并最终死亡。由于阿维菌素具有高效、广谱的特点,已被广泛应用于鳞翅目、双翅目、鞘翅目等农业害虫的防治。家蚕对阿维菌素敏感性极强,蚕区时有该农药中毒引起蚕茧产量下降的事件发生。
本学位论文主要研究了低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕生长发育、营养利用的影响；对幼虫血细胞DNA的损伤；对血细胞基因表达的影响；对血液蛋白表达的影响,较全面地评价了低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕的遗传毒性。
1.基于阿维菌素对家蚕96h急性毒性的试验结果,设置了1、2、4、8μg/L四个添毒剂量,评价了低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕生长发育、营养利用、吐丝结茧等生理过程的影响。结果表明：1μg/L阿维菌素对家蚕的生长发育、食物利用基本没有影响,2、4、8μg/L阿维菌素会造成幼虫体重、相对生长率、相对取食量、食物利用率、食物转化率、单茧重等指标下降,且下降程度与阿维菌素添毒剂量呈正相关。
2.采用SCGE方法分析了1、2、4μg/L阿维菌素对家蚕4龄幼虫血细胞DNA的影响,通过观察添毒后第1、3、5、7、9天DNA的彗星表现来评价阿维菌素对家蚕血细胞DNA的损伤效应和遗传毒性。彗星尾部DNA%和尾距的数据分析表明：与对照组相比,1、2、4μg/L阿维菌素对家蚕血细胞DNA均有明显的损伤作用,且损伤程度与添毒剂量呈正相关；在整个添毒过程中,尾部DNA%和尾距在处理后第3天达到最大值,然后开始下降,第9天达到本次实验的最小值,整体表现出先上升后下降的变化趋势。实验结果说明了低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕血细胞DNA具有遗传毒性,能够造成血细胞的损伤,且损伤程度与添毒剂量和添毒时间相关。
3.采用RAPD方法分析了1、2、4、8μg／L阿维菌素对家蚕4龄幼虫血细胞DNA的变异。添毒96h后基因组DNA分析结果为：24条RAPD引物扩增产生的清晰条带总数为143条,其中多态性条带19条,多态性带数比率为13.29%。用Ntsyspc2.1软件计算出不同阿维菌素处理组样品血细胞DNA间的遗传相似系数分布在0.867～0.993,树状聚类图显示对照组样品与1、2、4μg/L3个处理聚为一类,8gg/L处理单独聚为一类,说明8μg/L阿维菌素造成家蚕血细胞DNA的变异最大,即对血细胞DNA的损伤最严重。
4.采用ACP-based PCR方法分析了家蚕4龄幼虫血细胞在1μg/L阿维菌素压力下的差异表达基因,筛选到15个表达差异在2倍或以上的基因。其中Ribosomal protein S18(DEG4)、ALY(DEG5).Ribosomal protein S8(DEG7)、 Ribosomal protein L6(DEG8)、Ribosomal protein L23A (DEG9)、ERp57(DEG10).QM(DEG11)、Ribosomal protein L35(DEG13)、Rad23(DEG14)、 Ribosomal protein L11(DEG15)是上调表达基因；Polyubiquitin (DEG1)、 ANT (DEG2)、Glycoprotein (DEG3)、Ribosomal protein L7(DEG6)、 Y-box (DEG12)是下调表达基因。推测其中一部分基因的差异表达与家蚕血细胞的DNA损伤或者损伤修复相关,还有一部分基因的差异表达是家蚕在阿维菌素压力下的一种应答表现。
5.采用2-DE和MALDI-TOF/TOF方法分析了家蚕4龄幼虫血液在1gg／L阿维菌素处理前后的蛋白表达特征。通过比对电泳图谱发现5个差异蛋白,其中3个在处理组中下调表达,1个在处理组中上调表达,还有1个在对照组中特异性表达。蛋白鉴定结果显示：2号差异蛋白是一种血液蛋白(Hemolymph protein),分子量为29.7kD,属于家蚕30K蛋白家族成员,其功能是为幼虫生长发育提供能量；3号差异蛋白是一种神经系统特异蛋白前体(Bombyrin precursor),分子量为22.5kD,它可能与维持幼虫神经系统的稳定性有关。4号差异蛋白是一种促进蛋白(Promoting protein, PP),分子量为17.2kD,推测可能与家蚕的逆境生理有关。
综上所述,家蚕在低剂量阿维菌素添食处理后,其幼虫在生长发育、血细胞DNA的完整性、功能基因表达、功能蛋白表达等方面均受到不同程度的影响,表明低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕具有明显的遗传毒性。
The silkworm, bombyx mori as an important economic insect of Lepidoptera, is more sensitive to most of pesticides than wild pests. In the sericultural regions in China, heavy lose of cocoon production frequently caused due to agricultural pest control by application of pesticides in the field, because trace pesticides can poison the silkworms directly or indirectly through contact, stomach toxicity, suffocating and etc.. Avermectin is a chemical compound of16-membered macrocyclic lactones derived from the actinomycete Streptomyces avermectinius. It stimulates the release of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to affect the chloride channels of the central nervous system, which causes insect paralysis, hunger strike and finaly death. Avermectin has been used widely in agricultural pest control for its high efficiency and broad spectrum. Silkworm is very sensitive to avermectin, the accidents of avermectin poisoning caused decrease of cocoon productions happens every now and then.
This study is focused on the negative effects of avermectin on larval development, hemocytes DNA damage, differential expression genes and differential expression proteins of Bombyx mori. The genotoxicity of low dosage of avermectin to silkworm is comprehensively evaluated in the present research and summarized as followings.
1. Four concentrations of avermectin1、2、4、8μg/L were designed for treatments based on the result of96hr acute toxicity study in silkworm. The physiological processes of growth and development, food utilization, cocoon production were assessed after the treatments of designed low dosage avermectin. The results showed that no observable effect was found in silkworm larvae after treated by1μg/L avermectin. The body weight gain, relative growth rate, relative feeding amount, food utilization rate, food conversion rate of the larvae and single cocoon weight decreased in the treatments by2、4and8μg/L avermectin, and showed positive relationship with the concentrations of avermectin.
2. DNA damage caused by low dosage of avermectin was evaluated in hemocytes of silkworm using the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). The fourth instar larvae of silkworm were exposed to avermectin by oral feeding with mulberry leaves treated by three different concentrations (1、2、4μg/L). The hemocytes were collected at day1,3,5,7,9for assessment of DNA damage with tail DNA percent. Results showed that there was positive correlation between avermectin concentration and DNA damage in three tested treatments. The maximum value of tail DNA percent and tail moment was observed at the third day, followed by a gradual non-linear decline. It indicated that the low dosage of avermectin had genetic toxicity on silkworm, and the degree of DNA damage was related to the dosage and time of avermectin treatment.
3. The fourth instar larvae of silkworm were exposed to avermectin by oral feeding with mulberry leaves treated by four different concentrations (1、2、4、8μg/L). After96hours, the genomic DNAs of hemocytes were isolated for RAPD assay. By using24RAPD primers to amplify the genomic DNAs of five samples,143clearly distinguishable bands were obtained, among which19bands showed polymorphism, showing a polymorphism percentage of13.29%. Genetic similarity coefficient ranged from0.867-0.993among different samples. The result of dendrogram showed that1、2、4μg/L treatments and the control were classified into a group,8μg/L treatment was a separate one. It indicated that8μg/L avermectin caused the most serious effect on DNA integrality.
4. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were explored in hemocytes of silkworm exposed to avermectin (1μg/L) using annealing control primer (ACP)-based PCR.15DEGs were screened and sequenced, among which Ribosomal protein S18(DEG4)、ALY(DEG5)、Ribosomal protein S8(DEG7)、 Ribosomal protein L6(DEG8)、Ribosomal protein L23A(DEG9)、ERp57(DEG10)、QM(DEG11)、Ribosomal protein L35(DEG13)、Rad23(DEG14) and Ribosomal protein L11(DEG15) were up-regulated, Polyubiquitin (DEG1)、ANT(DEG2)、Glycoprotein(DEG3)、Ribosomal protein L7(DEG6)、Y-box (DEG12) were down-regulated. Differential expressions of partial genes were related with DNA damage or DNA damage repair of hemocytes. Differential expressions of others were responses to avermectin pressure.
5. The protein expression of hemocytes of silkworm treated by1μg/L avermectin was analyzed by2-DE and MALDI-TOF/TOF. The results showed that there were three down-regulated and one up-regulated differential protein in the treatment, and one protein expressed specifically in the control. The No.2protein, a kind of hemolymph protein with the molecular weight of29.7kD, is a 30K protein family member and supports energy for larval development. The No.3protein is Bombyrin precursor with the molecular weight of22.5kD and responsible for nervous system stability of larvae. The No.4protein is the promoting protein with the molecular weight of17.2kD and maybe related to stress physiology of silkworm.
In conclusion, the present study explored the genotoxicity of avermectin to silkworm and the effects of low dosage of avermectin on silkworm Bombyx mori were observed in larval development, DNA integrality of hemocytes, genes expression and protein expression.
本学位论文主要研究了低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕生长发育、营养利用的影响；对幼虫血细胞DNA的损伤；对血细胞基因表达的影响；对血液蛋白表达的影响,较全面地评价了低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕的遗传毒性。
1.基于阿维菌素对家蚕96h急性毒性的试验结果,设置了1、2、4、8μg/L四个添毒剂量,评价了低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕生长发育、营养利用、吐丝结茧等生理过程的影响。结果表明：1μg/L阿维菌素对家蚕的生长发育、食物利用基本没有影响,2、4、8μg/L阿维菌素会造成幼虫体重、相对生长率、相对取食量、食物利用率、食物转化率、单茧重等指标下降,且下降程度与阿维菌素添毒剂量呈正相关。
2.采用SCGE方法分析了1、2、4μg/L阿维菌素对家蚕4龄幼虫血细胞DNA的影响,通过观察添毒后第1、3、5、7、9天DNA的彗星表现来评价阿维菌素对家蚕血细胞DNA的损伤效应和遗传毒性。彗星尾部DNA%和尾距的数据分析表明：与对照组相比,1、2、4μg/L阿维菌素对家蚕血细胞DNA均有明显的损伤作用,且损伤程度与添毒剂量呈正相关；在整个添毒过程中,尾部DNA%和尾距在处理后第3天达到最大值,然后开始下降,第9天达到本次实验的最小值,整体表现出先上升后下降的变化趋势。实验结果说明了低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕血细胞DNA具有遗传毒性,能够造成血细胞的损伤,且损伤程度与添毒剂量和添毒时间相关。
3.采用RAPD方法分析了1、2、4、8μg／L阿维菌素对家蚕4龄幼虫血细胞DNA的变异。添毒96h后基因组DNA分析结果为：24条RAPD引物扩增产生的清晰条带总数为143条,其中多态性条带19条,多态性带数比率为13.29%。用Ntsyspc2.1软件计算出不同阿维菌素处理组样品血细胞DNA间的遗传相似系数分布在0.867～0.993,树状聚类图显示对照组样品与1、2、4μg/L3个处理聚为一类,8gg/L处理单独聚为一类,说明8μg/L阿维菌素造成家蚕血细胞DNA的变异最大,即对血细胞DNA的损伤最严重。
4.采用ACP-based PCR方法分析了家蚕4龄幼虫血细胞在1μg/L阿维菌素压力下的差异表达基因,筛选到15个表达差异在2倍或以上的基因。其中Ribosomal protein S18(DEG4)、ALY(DEG5).Ribosomal protein S8(DEG7)、 Ribosomal protein L6(DEG8)、Ribosomal protein L23A (DEG9)、ERp57(DEG10).QM(DEG11)、Ribosomal protein L35(DEG13)、Rad23(DEG14)、 Ribosomal protein L11(DEG15)是上调表达基因；Polyubiquitin (DEG1)、 ANT (DEG2)、Glycoprotein (DEG3)、Ribosomal protein L7(DEG6)、 Y-box (DEG12)是下调表达基因。推测其中一部分基因的差异表达与家蚕血细胞的DNA损伤或者损伤修复相关,还有一部分基因的差异表达是家蚕在阿维菌素压力下的一种应答表现。
5.采用2-DE和MALDI-TOF/TOF方法分析了家蚕4龄幼虫血液在1gg／L阿维菌素处理前后的蛋白表达特征。通过比对电泳图谱发现5个差异蛋白,其中3个在处理组中下调表达,1个在处理组中上调表达,还有1个在对照组中特异性表达。蛋白鉴定结果显示：2号差异蛋白是一种血液蛋白(Hemolymph protein),分子量为29.7kD,属于家蚕30K蛋白家族成员,其功能是为幼虫生长发育提供能量；3号差异蛋白是一种神经系统特异蛋白前体(Bombyrin precursor),分子量为22.5kD,它可能与维持幼虫神经系统的稳定性有关。4号差异蛋白是一种促进蛋白(Promoting protein, PP),分子量为17.2kD,推测可能与家蚕的逆境生理有关。
综上所述,家蚕在低剂量阿维菌素添食处理后,其幼虫在生长发育、血细胞DNA的完整性、功能基因表达、功能蛋白表达等方面均受到不同程度的影响,表明低剂量阿维菌素对家蚕具有明显的遗传毒性。
The silkworm, bombyx mori as an important economic insect of Lepidoptera, is more sensitive to most of pesticides than wild pests. In the sericultural regions in China, heavy lose of cocoon production frequently caused due to agricultural pest control by application of pesticides in the field, because trace pesticides can poison the silkworms directly or indirectly through contact, stomach toxicity, suffocating and etc.. Avermectin is a chemical compound of16-membered macrocyclic lactones derived from the actinomycete Streptomyces avermectinius. It stimulates the release of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to affect the chloride channels of the central nervous system, which causes insect paralysis, hunger strike and finaly death. Avermectin has been used widely in agricultural pest control for its high efficiency and broad spectrum. Silkworm is very sensitive to avermectin, the accidents of avermectin poisoning caused decrease of cocoon productions happens every now and then.
This study is focused on the negative effects of avermectin on larval development, hemocytes DNA damage, differential expression genes and differential expression proteins of Bombyx mori. The genotoxicity of low dosage of avermectin to silkworm is comprehensively evaluated in the present research and summarized as followings.
1. Four concentrations of avermectin1、2、4、8μg/L were designed for treatments based on the result of96hr acute toxicity study in silkworm. The physiological processes of growth and development, food utilization, cocoon production were assessed after the treatments of designed low dosage avermectin. The results showed that no observable effect was found in silkworm larvae after treated by1μg/L avermectin. The body weight gain, relative growth rate, relative feeding amount, food utilization rate, food conversion rate of the larvae and single cocoon weight decreased in the treatments by2、4and8μg/L avermectin, and showed positive relationship with the concentrations of avermectin.
2. DNA damage caused by low dosage of avermectin was evaluated in hemocytes of silkworm using the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). The fourth instar larvae of silkworm were exposed to avermectin by oral feeding with mulberry leaves treated by three different concentrations (1、2、4μg/L). The hemocytes were collected at day1,3,5,7,9for assessment of DNA damage with tail DNA percent. Results showed that there was positive correlation between avermectin concentration and DNA damage in three tested treatments. The maximum value of tail DNA percent and tail moment was observed at the third day, followed by a gradual non-linear decline. It indicated that the low dosage of avermectin had genetic toxicity on silkworm, and the degree of DNA damage was related to the dosage and time of avermectin treatment.
3. The fourth instar larvae of silkworm were exposed to avermectin by oral feeding with mulberry leaves treated by four different concentrations (1、2、4、8μg/L). After96hours, the genomic DNAs of hemocytes were isolated for RAPD assay. By using24RAPD primers to amplify the genomic DNAs of five samples,143clearly distinguishable bands were obtained, among which19bands showed polymorphism, showing a polymorphism percentage of13.29%. Genetic similarity coefficient ranged from0.867-0.993among different samples. The result of dendrogram showed that1、2、4μg/L treatments and the control were classified into a group,8μg/L treatment was a separate one. It indicated that8μg/L avermectin caused the most serious effect on DNA integrality.
4. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were explored in hemocytes of silkworm exposed to avermectin (1μg/L) using annealing control primer (ACP)-based PCR.15DEGs were screened and sequenced, among which Ribosomal protein S18(DEG4)、ALY(DEG5)、Ribosomal protein S8(DEG7)、 Ribosomal protein L6(DEG8)、Ribosomal protein L23A(DEG9)、ERp57(DEG10)、QM(DEG11)、Ribosomal protein L35(DEG13)、Rad23(DEG14) and Ribosomal protein L11(DEG15) were up-regulated, Polyubiquitin (DEG1)、ANT(DEG2)、Glycoprotein(DEG3)、Ribosomal protein L7(DEG6)、Y-box (DEG12) were down-regulated. Differential expressions of partial genes were related with DNA damage or DNA damage repair of hemocytes. Differential expressions of others were responses to avermectin pressure.
5. The protein expression of hemocytes of silkworm treated by1μg/L avermectin was analyzed by2-DE and MALDI-TOF/TOF. The results showed that there were three down-regulated and one up-regulated differential protein in the treatment, and one protein expressed specifically in the control. The No.2protein, a kind of hemolymph protein with the molecular weight of29.7kD, is a 30K protein family member and supports energy for larval development. The No.3protein is Bombyrin precursor with the molecular weight of22.5kD and responsible for nervous system stability of larvae. The No.4protein is the promoting protein with the molecular weight of17.2kD and maybe related to stress physiology of silkworm.
In conclusion, the present study explored the genotoxicity of avermectin to silkworm and the effects of low dosage of avermectin on silkworm Bombyx mori were observed in larval development, DNA integrality of hemocytes, genes expression and protein expression.
引文
1. Adams MD, Kelley JM, Gocayne JD, et al. Complementary DNA sequencing: expressed sequence tags and human genome project [J]. Science,1991, 252:1651-1656.
2. Albertini RJ, Anderson D, Douglas GR, et al. IPCS guidelines for the monitoring of genotoxic effects of carcinogens in humans [J]. Mutat. Res., 2000,463:111-172.
3. Atienzar FA, Venier P, Jha AN, et al. Evaluation of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay for detection of DNA damage and mutations [J]. Mutat. Res.,2002,521(1/2):151-163.
4. Azevedo-Pereira HM, Lemos MF, Soares AM. Effects of imidacloprid exposure on Chironomus riparius Meigen larvae:linking acetylcholinesterase activity to behaviour [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2011,74(5):1210-1215.
5. Banu BS, Danadevi K, Rahman MF, Ahuja YR, Kaiser J. Genotoxic effect of monocrotophos to sentinel species using comet assay [J]. Food Chem Toxicol, 2001,39:361-366.
6. Begum AN, Shivanandappa T. Effect of sub-lethal dosage of insecticides on biological attributes of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) [J]. Indian J. Seric,2003,42(1):50-56.
7. Bickham JW, Sawin VL, McBee K, Smolen MJ, Derr JN. Further studies of the effects of triethylenemelamine on somatic and testicular tissues of the rat using flow cytometry [J]. Cytometry,1994,15:222-229.
8. Bickham JW. Flow cytometry as a technique to monitor the effects of environmental genotoxins on wildlife populations. In Sandhu SS, Lower WR, de Serres FJ, Suk WA, Tice RR (eds). In situ evaluation of biological hazards of environmental pollutants [M]. New York:Plenum Pr.,1990, p:97-108.
9. Bilbao C, Ferreiro JA, Comendador MA, et al. Infuence of mus201 and mus308 mutations of Drosophila melanogaster on the genotoxicity of model chemicals in somatic cells in vivo measured with the Comet assay [J]. Mutat. Res.,2002,503:11-19.
10. Bof M, Brandolin G, Satre M, et al. The mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator from Dictyostelium discoideum, functional characterization and DNA sequencing [J]. Eur. J. Biochem.,1999,259(3):795-800.
11. Breeze E, Wagstaff C, Harrison E, et al. Gene expression patterns to define stages of post-harvest senescence in Alstroemeria petals [J]. Plant Biotechnol., 2004,2:155-168.
12. Brickle DS, Turnipseed SG, Sullivan MJ, Efficacy of insecticides of different chemistries against Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis and conventional cotton [J]. J. Econ. Entomol.,2001, 94(1):86-92.
13. Bulman S, Siemens J, Ridgway HJ, et al. Identification of genes from the obligate intracellular plant pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae [J]. FEMS. Microbiol. Lett.,2006,264:198-204.
14. Burg RW, Miller BM, Baker EE, et al. Avermectins, new family of potent anthelmintic agents:producing organism and fermentation [J]. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,1979,15(3):361-367.
15. Carbonell E, Valbuena A, Xamena N, et al. Temporary variations in chromosomal aberrations in a group of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides [J]. Mutat. Res.,1995,344(3-4):127-134.
16. Castano A, Becerril C. In vitro assessment of DNA damage after short-and long-term exposure to benzo(a)pyrene using RAPD and the RTG-2 fish cell line [J]. Mutation Res.,2004,552 (1/2):141-151.
17. Choi YW, Kim YW, Bae SM, et al. Identification of differentially expressed genes using annealing control primer-based GeneFishing in human squamous cell cervical carcinoma [J]. Clin. Oncol.,2007,19(5):308-318.
18. Collins AR. The Comet assay for DNA damage and repair principles, applications, and, limitations [J]. Mol. Biotechnol.,2004,26:249-260.
19. David M, Patil VK, Chebbi SG, et al. Gas-liquid chromatography for fenvalerate residue analysis:in vivo alterations in the acetylcholinesterase activity and acetylcholine in different tissues of the fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton) [J]. Toxicol. Mech. Method.,2009,19(6-7):410-415.
20. Andrade DVM, Freitas DTR, Silva DJ. Comet assay using mullet (Mugil sp.) and sea catfish (Netuma sp.) erythrocytes for the detection of genotoxic pollutants in aquatic environment [J]. Mutat. Res.,2004a,560(1):57-67.
21. Andrade VM, Silva DJ, Silva FR, et al. Fish as bioindicators to assess the effects of pollution in two southern Brazilian rivers using the Comet assay and micronucleus test. Environ [J]. Mol. Mutagen.,2004b,44(5):459-468.
22. De Wolf H, Blust R, Backeljau T. The use of RAPD in ecotoxicology [J]. Mutation Res.,2004,566(3):249-262.
23. Diatchenko L, Lau YF, Campbell AP, et al. Suppression subtractive hybridization:a method for generating differentially regulated or tissue-specific cDNA probes and libraries [J]. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.,1996, 93(12):6025-6030.
24. Drinyaev VA, Mosin VA, Kruglyak EB, et al. Antitumor effect of avermectins [J]. Eur. J. Pharmacol.,2004,501(1-3):19-23.
25. Dusinska M, Collins AR. The comet assay in human biomonitoring: gene-environment interactions [J]. Mutagenesis,2008,23(3):191-205.
26. Enanr MR. Application of random amplified polymorphic DNA to detect genotoxic effect of heavy metals. Biotechnol [J]. Appl. Biochem.,2006, 43(Pt 3):147-154.
27. Enayati AA, Ranson H, Hemingway J. Insect glutathione transferases and insecticide resistance [J]. Insect Mol Biol,2005,14(1):3-8.
28. Etebari K, Bizhannia AR, Sorati R, et al. Biochemical changes in haemolymph of silkworm larvae due to pyriproxyfen residue [J]. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,2007,88:14-19.
29. Fairbrairn DW, Olive PL, O'Neill KL. The comet assay:a comprehensive review [J]. Mutat. Res.,1995,399(1):37-59.
30. Franck T, Krueger R, Woitalla D, et al. Mutation analysis of the seven in absentia homolog 1 (SIAH1) gene in Parkinson's disease [J]. J. Neural Transm.,2006,113(12):1903-1908.
31. Gan L, Liu X, Xiang Z, et al. Microarray-based gene expression profiles of silkworm brains [J]. BMC. Neurosci.,2011,12:8
32. Garcia-Leston J, Roma-Torres J, Vilares M, et al. Biomonitoring of a population of Portuguese workers exposed to lead [J]. Mutat. Res.,2011, 721(1):81-88.
33. Gavrieli Y, Sherman Y, Ben-Sasson SA. Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labelling of nuclear DNA fragmentation [J]. J. Cell. Biol.,1992,119:493-501.
34. Gedik C, Ewen S, Collins A. Single-cell gel electrophoresis applied to the analysis of UV-C damage and its repair in human cells [J]. Int. J. Radiat. Biol.,1992,62:313-320.
35. Gichner T, Patkova Z, Szakova J, et al. Toxicity and DNA damage in tobacco and potato plants growing on soil polluted with heavy metals [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2006,65(3):420-426.
36. Gichner T, Ptacek O, Stavreva DA, et al. A comparison of DNA repair using the Comet assay in tobacco seedlings after exposure to alkylating agents or ionizing radiation [J]. Mutat. Res.,2000,470(1):1-9.
37. Grillo C, D'Ambrosio C, Scaloni A, et al. Cooperative activity of Ref-1/APE and ERp57 in reductive activation of transcription factors [J]. Free Radic. Biol.Med.,2006,41(7):1113-1123.
38. Hagger JA, Atienzar FA, Jha AN. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, developmental and survival effects of tritiated water in the early life stages of the marine mollusc, Mytilus edulis [J]. Aquat. Toxicol.,2005,74(3):205-217.
39. Halestrap A. Biochemistry:A pore way to die [J]. Nature,2005, 434(7033):578-579.
40. Hemingway J, H awkes NJ, McCarroll L, et al. The molecular basis of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes [J]. Insect Biochem Mol Biol,2004, 34:653-665.
41. Huang JH, Miao X, Jin W, et al. Radiation-induced changes in gene expression in the silkworm revealed by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) [J]. Insect Mol. Biol.,2005,14:665-674.
42. Hwang IT, Kim YJ, Kim SH, et al. Annealing control primer system for improving specificity of PCR amplification [J]. BioTechniques,2003, 35(6):1180-1184.
43. Hwang JS, Goo TW, Yun EY, et al. Tissue-/stage-dependent expression of a cloned Bombyx mandarina QM homologue [J]. Biomol. Eng.,2000, 16(6):211-215.
44. Ikeda H, Ishikawa J, Hanamoto A, Shinose M, Kikuchi H, et al:Complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of the industrial microorganism Streptomyces avermitilis [J]. Nat. Biotechnol.,2003,21(5):526-531.
45. Ikeda H, mura S. Control of avermectin biosynthesis in Streptomyces avermitilis for the selective production of a useful component [J]. J. Antibiot. 1995,48(7):549-562.
46. Jensen J, Diao X, Scott-Fordsmand JJ:Sub-lethal toxicity of the antiparasitic abamectin on earthworms and the application of neutral red retention time as a biomarker [J]. Chemosphere,2007,68(4):744-750.
47. Jha AN, Dogra Y, Turner A, et al. Impact of low doses of tritium on the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis:genotoxic effects and tissue-specific bioconcentration [J]. Mutat. Res.,2005,586(1):47-57.
48. Jo HJ, Jung J. Quantification of differentially expressed genes in Daphnia magna exposed to rubber wastewater [J]. Chemosphere,2008,73(3):261-266.
49. Kanaya T, Kobayashi J. Purification and characterization of an insect haemolymph protein promoting in vitro replication of the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus [J]. J. Gen. Virol.,2000,81(4):1135-1141.
50. Karakoula A, Evans MD, Podmore ID, et al. Quantification of UVR-induced DNA damage:global-versus gene-specific levels of thymine dimmers [J]. J. Immunol. Meth.,2003,277:27-37.
51. Kassie F, Parzefall W, Knasmuller S. Single cell gel electrophoresis assay:a new technique for human biomonitoring studies [J]. Mutat. Res.,2000, 463(1):13-31.
52. Khan AO, Shinwari J, Al Sharif L, et al. Infantile esotropia could be oligogenic and allelic with Duane retraction syndrome [J]. Mol. Vis.,2011, 17:1997-2002.
53. Khan AR, Saha BN, Kuan AR. Effect of cypermethrin-contaminated mulberry leaves on the growth and development of Bombyx mori [J]. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh Sci.,1999,25(1):103-111.
54. Kim YJ, Kwak CI, Gu YY, et al. Chun JY Annealing control primer system for identification of differentially expressed genes on agarose gels [J]. BioTechniques,2004,36(3):424-433.
55. Koppen G, Toncelli LM, Triest L, Verschaeve L. The Comet assay, a tool to study alteration of DNA integrity in developing plant leaves [J]. Mech. Ageing. Dev.,1999,110(1-2):13-24.
56. Korystov YN, Mosin VA, Shaposhnikova VV, et al. A comparative study of effects of Aversectin C, Abamectin and Ivermectin on apoptosis of rat thymocytes induced by radiation and dexamethasone [J]. Acta Vet. Brno, 1999,68:23-29.
57. Kumar A, Doan H, Barnes M, et al. Response and recovery of acetylcholinesterase activity in freshwater shrimp, Paratya australiensis (Decapoda:Atyidae) exposed to selected anti-cholinesterase insecticides [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2010,73(7):1503-1510.
58. Kurian KM, Watson CJ, Wyllie AH. DNA chip technology [J]. J. Pathol., 1999,187(3):267-271.
59. Kuribayashi S. Study on the effect of pesticides on the reproduction of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.-effects of chemicals administered during the larval stage on the egg-laying and hatching [J]. J. Toxicol. Sci.,1981, 6:169-176.
60. Lee SS, Seo HS, Choi SJ, et al. Characterization of the two genes differentially expressed during development in human fetal astrocytes [J]. Yonsei Med. J.,2003,44(6):1059-1068.
61. Li W, Ye YH, Polyubiquitin chains:functions, structures, and mechanisms [J]. Cell. Mol. Life Sci.,2008,65(15):2397-2406.
62. Li X, Schuler MA, Berenbaum MR. Molecular mechanisms of metabolic resistance to synthetic and natural xenobiotics [J]. Annu Rev Entomol,2006, 52:231-253.
63. Liang P, Arthur BP. Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polym erase chain reaction [J]. Science,1992,257(14):967-971.
64. Lindemans M, Liu F, Janssen T, Adipokinetic hormone signaling through the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor modulates egg-laying in Caenorhabditis elegans [J]. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.,2009, 106(5):1642-1647.
65. Ma CY, Shen SC, Huang DW, et al. Growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in U937 cells by Coptis chinensis extract [J]. J. Food. Sci.,2008, 73(6):127-133.
66. Marie C, Mait re A, Douki T, et al. Influence of the met abolic properties of human cells on the kinetic of formation of the major benzo[a] pyrene DNA adducts [J]. J. Appl. Toxicol.,2008,28(5):579-590.
67. Matsumoto K, wolffe AP. Gene regulation by Y-box proteins:coupling control of transcription and translation [J]. Trends Cell Biol.,1998, 8(8):318-323.
68. Mazarei M, Liu W, Al-Ahmad H, et al. Gene expression profiling of resistant and susceptible soybean lines infected with soybean cyst nematode [J]. Theor. Appl. Genet.,2011,123(7):1193-1206.
69. Mdegela RH, Mosha RD, Sandvik M, et al. Assessment of acetylcholinesterase activity in Clarias gariepinus as a biomarker of organophosphate and carbamate exposure [J]. Ecotoxicology,2010, 19(5):855-863.
70. Migheli A, Attanasio A, Schiffer D. Ultrastructural detection of DNA strand breaks in apoptotic neuronal cells by in situ end labelling techniques [J]. J. Pathol.1995,176:27-35.
71. Miller TW, Chaiet L, Cole DJ, et al. Avermectins, new family of potent anthelmintic agents:isolation and chromatographic properties [J]. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,1979,15(3):368-371.
72. Mills AA, Mills MJ, Gardiner DM, et al. Analysis of the pattern of QM expression during mouse development [J]. Differentiation,1999, 64(3):161-171.
73. Mita K, Kasahara M, Sasaki S, et al. The genome sequence of silkworm, Bombyx mori [J]. DNA Res.,2004,11:27-35.
74. Miyamae Y, Zaizen K, Obara K, Mine Y, Sasaki YF. Detection of DNA lesions induced by chemical mutagens by the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) and relationship of onset of DNA damage and the characteristics of mutagens [J]. Mutat Res,1997,393:99-106.
75. Molinari G, Soloneski S, Larramendy ML. New ventures in the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of macrocyclic lactones, abamectin and ivermectin. Cytogenet [J]. Genome. Res.,2010,128(1-3):37-45.
76. Moller P. Genotoxicity of environmental agents assessed by the alkaline Comet assay [J]. Basic. Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol.,2005,96:1-42.
77. Moller P. The alkaline Comet assay:towards validation in biomonitoring of DNA damaging exposures [J]. Basic. Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol.,2006, 98(4):336-345.
78. Monica S, Cecilia L, Cecilia S, The evolution of the adenine nucleotide translocase family [J]. Gene,2004,333:51-59.
79. Mosin VA, Krugliak EB, Sterlina TS, et al. Cytotoxic and cytostatic effect of avermectines on tumor cells in vitro [J]. Antibiot Khimioter,2000,45 (10):10-14.
80. Mukhopadhyay I, Chowdhuri DK, Bajpayee M, et al. Evaluation of in vivo genotoxicity of cypermethrin in Drosophila melanogaster using the alkaline Comet assay [J]. Mutagenesis,2004,19(2):85-90.
81. Nadin SB, Vargas-Roig ML, Ciocca DR. A silver staining for single-cell gel assay [J]. J. Histochem. Cytochem.,2001,49(9):1183-1186.
82. Naseema BA, Shivanandappa T. Acute toxicity of insecticides to the Multivoltine and Bivoltine Races of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Pestic. Res. J.,1996,8(1):22-26.
83. Nath BS, Kumar RPS. Toxic impact of organophosphorus insecticides on acetylcholinesterase activity in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,1999,42(2):157-162.
84. Nath BS, Raju CS, Suresh A, et al. Toxic impact of organophosphorus insecticides on the growth and economic characters of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. J. Environ. Biol.,1997,18(2):181-184.
85. Nath BS. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism in hemolymph and fat body of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. exposed to organophosphorus insecticides [J]. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,2000,68(2):127-137.
86. Nath BS. Shifts in glycogen metabolism in hemolymph and fat body of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera:Bombycidae) in response to organophosphorus insecticides toxicity [J]. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,2003, 74(2):73-84.
87. Nguyen-Yue YH, Loftus TM, Torok T, et al. The isolation, localization and characterization of the QM homolog in Drosophila melanogaster [J]. DNA Seq.,1997,7(6):337-347.
88. Ogawa H, Ohyama T, Katsura E, et al. Characterization of the pUC19-lacZC141 reversion system for assaying chemical mutagenesis [J]. Mutat Res,1997,394:141-151.
89. Omura S, Crump A. The life and times of ivermectin-a success story [J]. Nat. Rev. Microbiol.,2004,2(12):984-989.
90. Ostling O, Johanson KJ. Microelectrophoretic study of radiation-induced DNA damages in individual mammalian cells [J]. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.,1984,123(1):291-298.
91. Pitterna T, Cassayre J, Huter OF, Jung PM, Maienfisch P, et al:New ventures in the chemistry of avermectins [J]. Bioorg. Med. Chem.,2009, 17(12):4085-4095.
92. Pogue-Geile K, Geiser JR, Shu M, et al. Ribosomal protein genes are overexpressed in colorectal cancer:isolation of a cDNA clone encoding the human S3 ribosomal protein [J]. Mol. Cell. Biol.,1991,11(8):3842-3849.
93. Pong SS, Wang CC, Fritz LC. Studies on the mechanism of action of avermectin B1a:stimulation of release of gamma-aminobutyric acid from brain synaptosomes [J]. J. Neurochem.,1980,34(2):351-358.
94. Qiu J, Ni YH, Gong HX, et al. Identification of differentially expressed genes in omental adipose tissues of obese patients by suppression subtractive hybridization [J]. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commum.,2007,352:469-478.
95. Radhakrishna PG, Delvi MR. Effect of organophosphorous insecticides on food utilization in different races of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera:Bombycidae) [J]. Sericology,1992,32:71-79.
96. Rank J, Jensen K, Jespersen PH. Monitoring DNA damage in indigenous blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) sampled from coastal sites in Denmark [J]. Mutat. Res.,2005,585(1-2):33-42.
97. Rank J, Jensen K. Comet assay on gill cells and hemocytes from the blue mussel Mytilus edulis [J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2003,54:323-329.
98. Resnick-Silverman L, Manfredi JJ. Analyzing p53 regulated DNA damage checkpoints by flow cytometry [J]. Methods Mol. Biol.,2011,782:193-203.
99. Saban MR, Hellmich H, Nguyen NB, et al. Time course of LPS-induced gene expression in a mouse model of genitourinary inflammation [J]. Physiol. Genomics,2001,5(3):147-160.
100. Saha BN, Kuan AR. The growth and development of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. as influenced by dichlorvos [J]. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh Sci.,1997,23(2):187-194.
101. Sakai M, Wu C, Suziki K. Nucleatide and deduced amino acid sequence of a cDNA encoding a lipocalin protein in the central nervous system of Bombyx mori [J]. J. Insect. Biotechnol. Sericol.,2001,70:105-112.
102. Salvetti A, Lena A, Rossi L, et al. Characterization of DeYl, a novel Y-box gene specifically expressed in differentiating male germ cells of planarians [J]. Gene Expr. Patterns,2002,2(3-4):195-200.
103. Santos SJ, Singh NP, Natarajan AT. Fluorenscence in situ hybridization with comets [J]. Exp. Cell. Res.,1997,232:407-411.
104. Sauter G, Gasser TC, Moch H, et al. DNA aberrations in urinary bladder cancer detected by flow cytometry and FISH [J]. Urol. Res.,1997, 25:S37-43.
105. Saverwyns H, Visser A, Van Durme J, et al. Analysis of the transthyretin-like (TTL) gene family in Ostertagia ostertagi--comparison with other strongylid nematodes and Caenorhabditis elegans [J]. Int. J. Parasitol.,2008, 38(13):1545-1556.
106. Sawada H, Yamahama Y, Mase K, et al. Molecular properties and tissue distribution of 30 K proteins as ommin-binding proteins from diapause eggs of the silkworm, Bombyx mori [J]. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol.,2007,146(2):172-179.
107. Schena M, Shalon D, Davis RW, et al. Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray [J]. Science, 1995,270:467-470.
108. Schultz J, Doerks T, Ponting CP, et al. More than 1,000 putative new human signaling proteins revealed by EST data mining [J]. Nat. genet.,2000, 25:201-204.
109. Seki M, Narusaka M, Abe H, et al. Monitoring the expression pattern of 1300 Arabidopsis genes under drought and cold stresses by using a full-length cDNA microarray [J]. Plant Cell,2001,13(1):61-72.
110. Sevilla CL, Mahle NH, Eliezer N, et al. Development of monoclonal antibodies to the malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine adduct, pyrimidopurinone [J]. Chem. Res. Toxicol.,1997,10:172-180.
111. Shi ZH, Guo SJ, Lin WC, et al. Evaluation of selective toxicity of five pesticides against Plutella xylostella (Lep:Plutellidae) and their side-effects against Cotesia plutellae (Hym:Braconidae) and Oomyzus sokolowskii (Hym: Eulophidae) [J]. Pest Manag. Sci.60 (2004) 1213-1219.
112. Shukla AK, Pragya P, Chowdhuri DK, et al. A modified alkaline Comet assay for in vivo detection of oxidative DNA damage in Drosophila melanogaster [J]. Mutat. Res.,2011,726(2):222-226.
113. Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells [J]. Exp. Cell. Res.,1988,175(1):184-191.
114. Singh NP, Stephens RE, Singh H, et al. Visual quantification of DNA double-strand breaks in bacteria [J]. Mutat. Res.,1999,429:159-168.
115. Speit G, Hartmann A. The Comet assay:a sensitive genotoxicity test for the detection of DNA damage [J]. Methods. Mol. Biol.,2005,291:85-95.
116. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences [J]. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.,2002,99:16899-16903.
117. Surendra NB, Surendra KRP. Toxic impact of organophosphorus insecticides on acetylcholinesterase activity in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,1999,42(2):157-162.
118. Takahashi S, Sakakibara Y, Mishiro E, et al. Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of a novel mouse SULT6 cytosolic sulfotransferase [J]. J. Biochem.,2009,146(3):399-405.
119. Thyagarajan B, Anderson KE, Lessard CJ, et al. Alkaline unwinding flow cytometry assay to measure nucleotide excision repair [J]. Mutagenesis,2007, 22:147-153.
120. Tu HT, Silvestre F, Scippo ML, et al. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a biomarker of exposure to antibiotics and pesticides in the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2009,72(5):1463-1470.
121. Valletti A, Anselmo A, Mangiulli M, et al. Identification of tumor-associated cassette exons in human cancer through EST-based computational prediction and experimental validation [J]. Mol. Cancer,2010,9:230-241.
122. van Delft JH, van den Ende AM, Keizer HJ, et al. Determination of N7-methylguanine in DNA of white blood cells from cancer patients treated with dacarbazine [J]. Carcinogenesis,1992,13(7):1257-1259.
123. Velculescu VE, Madden SL, Zhang L, et al. Analysis of human transcriptomes [J]. Nat. Genet.,1999,23:387-388.
124. Velculescu VE, Zhang L, Vogelstein B, et al. Serial analysis of gene expression [J]. Science,1995,270:484-487.
125. Velculescu VE, Zhang L, Zhou W, et al. Characterization of the yeast transcriptome [J]. Cell,1997,88:243-251.
126. Venkata RS, Sivarami RN, Ramamurthy R. Carbaryl effect on the growth and silk qualities of Bombyx mori L [J]. Indian J. Seri.1988,28(2):182-190.
127. Verschaeve L, Gilles J, Schoeters J, et al. The single cell gel electrophoresis technique or Comet test for monitoring dioxin pollution and effects. In: Fiedler H, Frank H, Hutzinger O, Parzefall W, Riss A (eds). Organohalogen compounds 11 [M]. Austria:Federal Environmental Agency,1993, p:213-216.
128. Vollmer AC, Belkin S, Smulski DR, et al. Detection of DNA damage by use of Escherichia coli carrying recA'::lux, uvrA'::lux, or alkA'::lux reporter plasmids [J]. Appl Environ Microbiol,1997,63:2566-2571.
129. Vyjayanthi N, Subramanyam MVV. Effect of fenvalerate-20EC on sericigenous insects-food utilization in the late-age larva of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2002,53:206-211.
130. Vyjayanthi N, Subramanyam MVV. Effect of fenvalerate-20EC on sericigenous insects-Digestive enzymes in the nutritive physiology of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safe.,2002,53:212-220.
131. Wang J, Yin DQ, Lu GF, et al. Effects of dimehypo (disodium 2-methylaminotrimethylene dithiosulfonate) on growth and cocooning of silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera:Saturnidae) [J]. Pestic. Sci.,1999, 55:1070-1076.
132. Wang LL, Zhou ZY. RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing proteins in Bombyx mori [J]. Afr. J. Biotechnol.,2009,8:1121-1126.
133. Wang X, Chang L, Sun Z, et al. Characterization of genes expressed in response to cadmium exposure in the earthworm Eisenia fetida using DDRT-PCR [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2010,73(6):1214-1220.
134. Wang YH, McWilliam SM, Barendse W, et al. Mapping of 12 bovine ribosomal protein genes using a bovine radiation hybrid panel [J]. Anim. Genet.,2001,32(5):269-273.
135. Wilkins MR, Sanchez JC, Gooley AA, et al. Progress with proteome projects: why all proteins expressed by a genome should be identified and how to do it [J]. Biotechnol. Genet. Eng.,1996,13:19-50.
136. Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, et al. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as Gentic markers [J]. Nucleuc. Acids Res., 1990,18(22):6531-6535.
137. Winter MJ, Day N, Hayes RA, et al. DNA strand breaks and adducts determined in feral and caged chub (Leuciscus cephalus) exposed to rivers exhibiting variable water quality around Birmingham, UK [J]. Mutat. Res., 2004,552(1-2):163-75.
138. Wong CKC, Yeung HY, Woo PS, Wong MH. Specific expression of cytochrome P450 [A] gene in gill, intestine and liver of tilapia exposed to coastal sediments [J]. Aquat. Toxicol.,2001,54:69-80.
139. Woods DJ, Williams TM. The challenges of developing novel antiparasitic drugs [J]. Invert. Neurosci.,2007,7(4):245-250.
140. Wool IG. Extraribosomal functions of ribosomal proteins [J]. Trends. Biochem. Sci.,1996,21(5):164-165.
141. Wu H, Zhang R, Liu J, et al. Effects of malathion and chlorpyrifos on acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant defense system in Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) (Orthoptera:Acrididae) [J]. Chemosphere,2011,83(4):599-604.
142. Wu P, Wang X, Qin GX, et al. Microarray analysis of the gene expression profile in the midgut of silkworm infected with cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus [J]. Mol. Biol. Rep.,2011,38(1):333-341.
143. Xia QY, Zhou ZY, Lu C et al. A draft sequence for the genome of the domesticated silkworm (Bombyx mori) [J]. Science,2004,306:1937-1940.
144. Xu HP, Xu YS, Wang HB, et al. Identification and functional characterization of the Rad23 gene of the silkworm, Bombyx mori [J]. Biosci. Rep.,2009, 30(1):19-26.
145. Yamamoto T. Molecular mechanism of monocyte predominant infiltration in chronic inflammation:mediation by a novel monocyte chemotactic factor, S19 ribosomal protein dimmer [J]. Pathol. Int.,2000,50(11):863-871.
146. Yoon YJ, Kim ES, Hwang YS, et al. Avermectin:biochemical and molecular basis of its biosynthesis and regulation [J]. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2004,63(6):626-634.
147. Yu QY, Fang SM, Zuo WD, et al. Effect of organophosphate phoxim exposure on certain oxidative stress biomarkers in the silkworm [J]. J. Econ. Entomol.,2011,104(1):101-106.
148. Zang Y, Zhong Y, Luo Y, et al. Genotoxicity of two novel pesticides for the earthworm, Eisenia fetida [J]. Environ. Pollut.,2000,108(2):271-278.
149. Zeng F, Zhang X, Zhu L, et al. Isolation and characterization of genes associated tocotton somatic embryogenesis by suppression subtractive hybridization and macroarray [J]. Plant Mol. Biol.,2006,60:167-183.
150. Zhang S, Xu Y, Fu Q, et al. Proteomic Analysis of Larval Midgut from the Silkworm(Bombyx mori) [J]. Comp. Funct. Genomics.,2011;2011:876-883.
151. Zhang X, Chen Z, Li M, et al. Construction of ivermectin producer by domain swaps of avermectin polyketide synthase in Streptomyces avermitilis [J]. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.,2006,72(5):986-994.
152. Zhong BX, Li JK, Lin JR, et al. Possible effect of 30 K proteins in embryonic development of silkworm Bombyx mori [J]. Acta Bioch. Bioph. Sin.,2005, 37(5):355-361.
153.阿维菌素原药,GB 19336-2003[S],2003.
154.蔡磊.差异表达基因的几种筛选方法[J].第四军医大学学报.2007,28(3)：286-288.
155.曹广力,朱越雄.乐胺磷对5龄期家蚕肠液蛋白酶活性的影响[J].江苏蚕业，1999，3：8-10.
156.陈家长,董在杰,胡庚东,等.运用RAPD技术检测除草剂对草鱼的致突变作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(5)：1307-1308.
157.陈丽萍,赵学平,吴成兴,等.4种不同作用机制的杀虫剂对家蚕的毒性与安全性评价[J].浙江农业科学,2006,3：330-332.
158.陈锐,徐福南.杀虫双对家蚕后丝腺的超微结构的影响[J].昆虫知识,1995,32(2)：122-124.
159.崔乘幸,刘永榜,田雪亮.1.8%阿维菌素乳油防治油菜潜叶蝇的田间药效试验[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(20)：5196,5284.
160.戴璇颖,徐世清,陈息林,等.环境激素阿特拉津对家蚕卵巢培养细胞(BmN)凋亡的影响[J].蚕业科学,2006,32(4)：495-499.
161.杜鑫.家蚕丝胶蛋白质组的研究及实用蚕品种的选育[D].浙江,浙江大学，2011.
162.段卫平.2006年中秋蚕大面积不结茧的原因调查[J].广西蚕业,2007,44(1)：36-38.
163.房守敏.昆虫谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的基因组学研究及其介导的抗药性[J].蚕学通讯,2010,30(4)：28-35.
164.高绪芳.RD-PCR定位检测DNA损伤及其在检测环境致癌物对K-ras基因损伤中的应用[D].四川,四川大学,2007.
165.龚瑞忠,陈悦,陈良燕,等.溴氰菊酯对环境生物的安全评价研究[J].农药学学报,2001,3(2)：67-72.
166.韩益飞,徐世清,朱江等.糖蛋白的结构与功能[J].生物学杂志,2001,18(2)：1-3.
167.何丽华,曾健,骆承军,等.甲基锡对家蚕的毒性试验[J].浙江农业科学,2003，3：142-144.
168.胡昌华,鲍朗.抑制消减杂交技术与基因克隆[J].国外医学遗传学分册,2000,23(6)：289-294.
169.黄青云,林涛,陈芳育,等.双向电泳联用质谱技术研究水稻明恢63对细菌性条斑病侵染的应答[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2006,45(Sup)：86-90.
170.黄薇,方孝东,赵文明.分离差异表达基因的方法[J].生物工程学报,2002,18(4)：521-524.
171.李保同.六种杀虫剂对家蚕的毒性与安全评价研究[J].农药学学报,2001,3(3)：83-85.
172.李春晓,赵彤言.蚊虫对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯抗性相关羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶基因研究进展[J].寄生虫与医学昆虫学报,2006,13(1)：51-56.
173.李力,徐颖,杨卫超,等.阿维菌素类近期毒理学研究进展[J].医学动物防制.2010,26(7)：608-610.
174.李世广,胡娟,李利华,等.阿维菌素和毒死蜱对玉米象和赤拟谷盗的毒力测定[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(11)：309-312.
175.刘丽.高效液相色谱检测DNA加合物的方法研究[J].中外健康文摘,2010,7(7)：39-41.
176.刘培刚,王永强,陈金娥.家蚕孤雌生殖系与有性生殖系亲本的血液比较蛋白质组学研究[J].蚕业科学,2010,36(2)：243-249.
177.刘彤,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素对小鼠初级精母细胞致突变性的研究[J].中国兽医科技,2001,31(4)：11-14.
178.刘彤,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素对小鼠次级精母细胞致突变性的研究[J].中国兽医科技,2003,33(5)：40-43.
179.刘彤,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素对小鼠精原细胞致突变性的研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2000,2(6)：19-22.
180.刘岩,孟智启,何丽华等.两种抽提家蚕基因组DNA方法的比较[J].蚕桑通报,2008,39(4)：6-10.
181.鲁兴萌,周勤,周金钱,等.微量氯氰菊酯对家蚕的毒性[J].农药学学报,2003,5(4)：42-46.
182.吕敏,刘惠霞,吴文君.谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶与昆虫抗药性的关系[J].昆虫知识,2003,40(3)：204-207.
183.马惠,王开运,刘亮,等.农药对家蚕的毒性及安全性评价研究进展[J].农药科学与管理,2005,26(5)：15-18.
184.毛黎娟,魏方林,朱国念.利用MTT法测定杀虫剂对家蚕细胞的毒力[J].农药学学报,2005,7(1)：45-48.
185.钱惠田.蚕的生理生化[M].中国农业出版社,北京,1997,p：73-79.
186.区炳庆,赵海全,何丽兰.多黏菌素对雏鸭血液中超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响[J].中国兽医科技,2003,33(2)：50-52.
187.苏来,宋宏宇.检测DNA-蛋白质交联的新方法[J].遗传,2008,30(5)：659-662.
188.田万年,张守发,李香子,等.延边黄牛背最长肌差异表达基因的筛选、克隆及序列分析[J].遗传,2011,33(11)：1219-1224.
189.吐尔逊·阿合买提,郭文超,何江,等.新疆农田常用杀虫、杀螨剂对螟黄赤眼蜂的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2004,41(1)：34-37.
190.王琛柱.棉酚和单宁酸对棉铃虫幼虫生长和消化生理的影响[J].植物保护学报,1997,24(1)：13-18.
191.王东.家蚕细胞色素P450和羧酸酯酶家族基因的鉴定与功能研究[D].江苏,苏州大学,2009.
192.王建晖,侯学文.基于mRNA水平的差异表达基因筛选技术[J].生物学杂志,2009,26(4)：77-81.
193.王照红,杜建勋,梁明芝,等.几种桑园常用杀虫剂对家蚕的残毒期试验[J].蚕业科学,2002,28(2)：146-151.
194.魏玉霞.高效液相色谱-质谱联用检测芥子气-DNA加合物[C].全军生物医药博士后论坛论文集,2009.
195.吴国星,高熹,王海宁,等.氟虫腈和阿维菌素对小菜蛾及其寄生蜂半闭弯尾姬蜂的毒力研究[J].江西农业学报,2008,20(5)：46-48.
196.吴立娜,赵巧玲,裘智勇,等.农药氰戊菊酯和杀虫双诱导家蚕血液蛋白 的变化[J].蚕业科学,2010,36(2)：262-267.
197.吴小锋,徐俊良,崔为正.家蚕血液过氧化氢酶活力及其与蚕体抗逆性的关系[J].昆虫学报,1998,41(2)：124-129.
198.肖丙秀,郭俊明,赵青.抑制性消减杂交方法的建立[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2002,15(1)：97-99.
199.谢方莉,张治位,衡正昌.平阳霉素对p53基因外显子7的链断裂作用研究[J].卫生毒理学杂志,2002,16(2)：101-103.
200.谢芳靖,张子平,林鹏.引物退火控制技术在差异表达基因克隆中的应用[J].海洋科学,2007,31(5)：70-75.
201.谢云南,曹忠宏.家蚕中毒的原因分析和防控措施[J].蚕桑茶叶通讯,2007，3：21-22.
202.熊彩珍,顾立明.中秋蚕发生大面积农药中毒的思考[J].中国蚕业,2007,28(2)：54-55.
203.杨贵香,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素对小鼠雌性生殖细胞的致突变性研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,1997,28(2)：159-164.
204.裔洪根,徐世清,戴璇颖,等.环境激素壬基酚对鳞翅目昆虫培养细胞的影响[J].蚕业科学,2006,32(2)：215-220.
205.于威,陆青玲,韩剑秋,等.3种家蚕30 K蛋白基因的克隆表达及抗凋亡功能分析[J].蚕业科学,2011,37(4)：630-636.
206.于威,聂作明,王丹等.家蚕孤雌生殖相关蛋白ERp57基因的克隆和分析[J].丝绸,2007,8：23-27.
207.越皓,陈云,余孔捷,等.马兜铃酸-DNA加合物定量分析的新进展[J].中国科学(B),2009,52(10)：1576-1582.
208.张海燕,周勤,潘美良,等.阿维菌素对家蚕毒性的试验[J].蚕桑通报,2006,37(1)：18-20.
209.张照新,魏巧娥,吴智军.桑园微量农药污染影响及其防范对策[J].广西蚕业,2001,38(2)：28-30.
210.赵社敬,温绍有,董根中.2%阿维菌素乳油防治菜豆美洲斑潜蝇田间药效试验[J].现代农业科技,2007,23：84,88.
211.周良生,李术,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素亚急性中毒致鸽子脑组织细胞凋亡的 研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(2)：75-78.
212.周义奎,谢同建,万成功,等.家蚕农药中毒的原因及对策[J].蚕桑茶叶通讯,2007，2：7-8.
213.朱金文,魏方林,李少南,等.毒死蜱对家蚕的急性毒性研究[J].蚕业科学,2006,32(2)：272-275.
214.朱金文,魏方林,朱国念.稻田杀虫剂三唑磷对家蚕的触杀作用与摄入慢性毒性的研究[J].蚕业科学,2006,32(3)：368-371.
215.朱九生,连梅力,王静.阿维菌素对广赤眼蜂(Trichogramma evanescens)不同发育阶段的毒性和实验种群动态的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(9)：4738-4744.
216.朱越雄,曹广力.残留量乐胺磷对家蚕血液超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响[J].广东蚕业,1999,33(3)：40-42.
2. Albertini RJ, Anderson D, Douglas GR, et al. IPCS guidelines for the monitoring of genotoxic effects of carcinogens in humans [J]. Mutat. Res., 2000,463:111-172.
3. Atienzar FA, Venier P, Jha AN, et al. Evaluation of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay for detection of DNA damage and mutations [J]. Mutat. Res.,2002,521(1/2):151-163.
4. Azevedo-Pereira HM, Lemos MF, Soares AM. Effects of imidacloprid exposure on Chironomus riparius Meigen larvae:linking acetylcholinesterase activity to behaviour [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2011,74(5):1210-1215.
5. Banu BS, Danadevi K, Rahman MF, Ahuja YR, Kaiser J. Genotoxic effect of monocrotophos to sentinel species using comet assay [J]. Food Chem Toxicol, 2001,39:361-366.
6. Begum AN, Shivanandappa T. Effect of sub-lethal dosage of insecticides on biological attributes of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) [J]. Indian J. Seric,2003,42(1):50-56.
7. Bickham JW, Sawin VL, McBee K, Smolen MJ, Derr JN. Further studies of the effects of triethylenemelamine on somatic and testicular tissues of the rat using flow cytometry [J]. Cytometry,1994,15:222-229.
8. Bickham JW. Flow cytometry as a technique to monitor the effects of environmental genotoxins on wildlife populations. In Sandhu SS, Lower WR, de Serres FJ, Suk WA, Tice RR (eds). In situ evaluation of biological hazards of environmental pollutants [M]. New York:Plenum Pr.,1990, p:97-108.
9. Bilbao C, Ferreiro JA, Comendador MA, et al. Infuence of mus201 and mus308 mutations of Drosophila melanogaster on the genotoxicity of model chemicals in somatic cells in vivo measured with the Comet assay [J]. Mutat. Res.,2002,503:11-19.
10. Bof M, Brandolin G, Satre M, et al. The mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator from Dictyostelium discoideum, functional characterization and DNA sequencing [J]. Eur. J. Biochem.,1999,259(3):795-800.
11. Breeze E, Wagstaff C, Harrison E, et al. Gene expression patterns to define stages of post-harvest senescence in Alstroemeria petals [J]. Plant Biotechnol., 2004,2:155-168.
12. Brickle DS, Turnipseed SG, Sullivan MJ, Efficacy of insecticides of different chemistries against Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis and conventional cotton [J]. J. Econ. Entomol.,2001, 94(1):86-92.
13. Bulman S, Siemens J, Ridgway HJ, et al. Identification of genes from the obligate intracellular plant pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae [J]. FEMS. Microbiol. Lett.,2006,264:198-204.
14. Burg RW, Miller BM, Baker EE, et al. Avermectins, new family of potent anthelmintic agents:producing organism and fermentation [J]. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,1979,15(3):361-367.
15. Carbonell E, Valbuena A, Xamena N, et al. Temporary variations in chromosomal aberrations in a group of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides [J]. Mutat. Res.,1995,344(3-4):127-134.
16. Castano A, Becerril C. In vitro assessment of DNA damage after short-and long-term exposure to benzo(a)pyrene using RAPD and the RTG-2 fish cell line [J]. Mutation Res.,2004,552 (1/2):141-151.
17. Choi YW, Kim YW, Bae SM, et al. Identification of differentially expressed genes using annealing control primer-based GeneFishing in human squamous cell cervical carcinoma [J]. Clin. Oncol.,2007,19(5):308-318.
18. Collins AR. The Comet assay for DNA damage and repair principles, applications, and, limitations [J]. Mol. Biotechnol.,2004,26:249-260.
19. David M, Patil VK, Chebbi SG, et al. Gas-liquid chromatography for fenvalerate residue analysis:in vivo alterations in the acetylcholinesterase activity and acetylcholine in different tissues of the fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton) [J]. Toxicol. Mech. Method.,2009,19(6-7):410-415.
20. Andrade DVM, Freitas DTR, Silva DJ. Comet assay using mullet (Mugil sp.) and sea catfish (Netuma sp.) erythrocytes for the detection of genotoxic pollutants in aquatic environment [J]. Mutat. Res.,2004a,560(1):57-67.
21. Andrade VM, Silva DJ, Silva FR, et al. Fish as bioindicators to assess the effects of pollution in two southern Brazilian rivers using the Comet assay and micronucleus test. Environ [J]. Mol. Mutagen.,2004b,44(5):459-468.
22. De Wolf H, Blust R, Backeljau T. The use of RAPD in ecotoxicology [J]. Mutation Res.,2004,566(3):249-262.
23. Diatchenko L, Lau YF, Campbell AP, et al. Suppression subtractive hybridization:a method for generating differentially regulated or tissue-specific cDNA probes and libraries [J]. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.,1996, 93(12):6025-6030.
24. Drinyaev VA, Mosin VA, Kruglyak EB, et al. Antitumor effect of avermectins [J]. Eur. J. Pharmacol.,2004,501(1-3):19-23.
25. Dusinska M, Collins AR. The comet assay in human biomonitoring: gene-environment interactions [J]. Mutagenesis,2008,23(3):191-205.
26. Enanr MR. Application of random amplified polymorphic DNA to detect genotoxic effect of heavy metals. Biotechnol [J]. Appl. Biochem.,2006, 43(Pt 3):147-154.
27. Enayati AA, Ranson H, Hemingway J. Insect glutathione transferases and insecticide resistance [J]. Insect Mol Biol,2005,14(1):3-8.
28. Etebari K, Bizhannia AR, Sorati R, et al. Biochemical changes in haemolymph of silkworm larvae due to pyriproxyfen residue [J]. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,2007,88:14-19.
29. Fairbrairn DW, Olive PL, O'Neill KL. The comet assay:a comprehensive review [J]. Mutat. Res.,1995,399(1):37-59.
30. Franck T, Krueger R, Woitalla D, et al. Mutation analysis of the seven in absentia homolog 1 (SIAH1) gene in Parkinson's disease [J]. J. Neural Transm.,2006,113(12):1903-1908.
31. Gan L, Liu X, Xiang Z, et al. Microarray-based gene expression profiles of silkworm brains [J]. BMC. Neurosci.,2011,12:8
32. Garcia-Leston J, Roma-Torres J, Vilares M, et al. Biomonitoring of a population of Portuguese workers exposed to lead [J]. Mutat. Res.,2011, 721(1):81-88.
33. Gavrieli Y, Sherman Y, Ben-Sasson SA. Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labelling of nuclear DNA fragmentation [J]. J. Cell. Biol.,1992,119:493-501.
34. Gedik C, Ewen S, Collins A. Single-cell gel electrophoresis applied to the analysis of UV-C damage and its repair in human cells [J]. Int. J. Radiat. Biol.,1992,62:313-320.
35. Gichner T, Patkova Z, Szakova J, et al. Toxicity and DNA damage in tobacco and potato plants growing on soil polluted with heavy metals [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2006,65(3):420-426.
36. Gichner T, Ptacek O, Stavreva DA, et al. A comparison of DNA repair using the Comet assay in tobacco seedlings after exposure to alkylating agents or ionizing radiation [J]. Mutat. Res.,2000,470(1):1-9.
37. Grillo C, D'Ambrosio C, Scaloni A, et al. Cooperative activity of Ref-1/APE and ERp57 in reductive activation of transcription factors [J]. Free Radic. Biol.Med.,2006,41(7):1113-1123.
38. Hagger JA, Atienzar FA, Jha AN. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, developmental and survival effects of tritiated water in the early life stages of the marine mollusc, Mytilus edulis [J]. Aquat. Toxicol.,2005,74(3):205-217.
39. Halestrap A. Biochemistry:A pore way to die [J]. Nature,2005, 434(7033):578-579.
40. Hemingway J, H awkes NJ, McCarroll L, et al. The molecular basis of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes [J]. Insect Biochem Mol Biol,2004, 34:653-665.
41. Huang JH, Miao X, Jin W, et al. Radiation-induced changes in gene expression in the silkworm revealed by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) [J]. Insect Mol. Biol.,2005,14:665-674.
42. Hwang IT, Kim YJ, Kim SH, et al. Annealing control primer system for improving specificity of PCR amplification [J]. BioTechniques,2003, 35(6):1180-1184.
43. Hwang JS, Goo TW, Yun EY, et al. Tissue-/stage-dependent expression of a cloned Bombyx mandarina QM homologue [J]. Biomol. Eng.,2000, 16(6):211-215.
44. Ikeda H, Ishikawa J, Hanamoto A, Shinose M, Kikuchi H, et al:Complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of the industrial microorganism Streptomyces avermitilis [J]. Nat. Biotechnol.,2003,21(5):526-531.
45. Ikeda H, mura S. Control of avermectin biosynthesis in Streptomyces avermitilis for the selective production of a useful component [J]. J. Antibiot. 1995,48(7):549-562.
46. Jensen J, Diao X, Scott-Fordsmand JJ:Sub-lethal toxicity of the antiparasitic abamectin on earthworms and the application of neutral red retention time as a biomarker [J]. Chemosphere,2007,68(4):744-750.
47. Jha AN, Dogra Y, Turner A, et al. Impact of low doses of tritium on the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis:genotoxic effects and tissue-specific bioconcentration [J]. Mutat. Res.,2005,586(1):47-57.
48. Jo HJ, Jung J. Quantification of differentially expressed genes in Daphnia magna exposed to rubber wastewater [J]. Chemosphere,2008,73(3):261-266.
49. Kanaya T, Kobayashi J. Purification and characterization of an insect haemolymph protein promoting in vitro replication of the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus [J]. J. Gen. Virol.,2000,81(4):1135-1141.
50. Karakoula A, Evans MD, Podmore ID, et al. Quantification of UVR-induced DNA damage:global-versus gene-specific levels of thymine dimmers [J]. J. Immunol. Meth.,2003,277:27-37.
51. Kassie F, Parzefall W, Knasmuller S. Single cell gel electrophoresis assay:a new technique for human biomonitoring studies [J]. Mutat. Res.,2000, 463(1):13-31.
52. Khan AO, Shinwari J, Al Sharif L, et al. Infantile esotropia could be oligogenic and allelic with Duane retraction syndrome [J]. Mol. Vis.,2011, 17:1997-2002.
53. Khan AR, Saha BN, Kuan AR. Effect of cypermethrin-contaminated mulberry leaves on the growth and development of Bombyx mori [J]. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh Sci.,1999,25(1):103-111.
54. Kim YJ, Kwak CI, Gu YY, et al. Chun JY Annealing control primer system for identification of differentially expressed genes on agarose gels [J]. BioTechniques,2004,36(3):424-433.
55. Koppen G, Toncelli LM, Triest L, Verschaeve L. The Comet assay, a tool to study alteration of DNA integrity in developing plant leaves [J]. Mech. Ageing. Dev.,1999,110(1-2):13-24.
56. Korystov YN, Mosin VA, Shaposhnikova VV, et al. A comparative study of effects of Aversectin C, Abamectin and Ivermectin on apoptosis of rat thymocytes induced by radiation and dexamethasone [J]. Acta Vet. Brno, 1999,68:23-29.
57. Kumar A, Doan H, Barnes M, et al. Response and recovery of acetylcholinesterase activity in freshwater shrimp, Paratya australiensis (Decapoda:Atyidae) exposed to selected anti-cholinesterase insecticides [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2010,73(7):1503-1510.
58. Kurian KM, Watson CJ, Wyllie AH. DNA chip technology [J]. J. Pathol., 1999,187(3):267-271.
59. Kuribayashi S. Study on the effect of pesticides on the reproduction of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.-effects of chemicals administered during the larval stage on the egg-laying and hatching [J]. J. Toxicol. Sci.,1981, 6:169-176.
60. Lee SS, Seo HS, Choi SJ, et al. Characterization of the two genes differentially expressed during development in human fetal astrocytes [J]. Yonsei Med. J.,2003,44(6):1059-1068.
61. Li W, Ye YH, Polyubiquitin chains:functions, structures, and mechanisms [J]. Cell. Mol. Life Sci.,2008,65(15):2397-2406.
62. Li X, Schuler MA, Berenbaum MR. Molecular mechanisms of metabolic resistance to synthetic and natural xenobiotics [J]. Annu Rev Entomol,2006, 52:231-253.
63. Liang P, Arthur BP. Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polym erase chain reaction [J]. Science,1992,257(14):967-971.
64. Lindemans M, Liu F, Janssen T, Adipokinetic hormone signaling through the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor modulates egg-laying in Caenorhabditis elegans [J]. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.,2009, 106(5):1642-1647.
65. Ma CY, Shen SC, Huang DW, et al. Growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in U937 cells by Coptis chinensis extract [J]. J. Food. Sci.,2008, 73(6):127-133.
66. Marie C, Mait re A, Douki T, et al. Influence of the met abolic properties of human cells on the kinetic of formation of the major benzo[a] pyrene DNA adducts [J]. J. Appl. Toxicol.,2008,28(5):579-590.
67. Matsumoto K, wolffe AP. Gene regulation by Y-box proteins:coupling control of transcription and translation [J]. Trends Cell Biol.,1998, 8(8):318-323.
68. Mazarei M, Liu W, Al-Ahmad H, et al. Gene expression profiling of resistant and susceptible soybean lines infected with soybean cyst nematode [J]. Theor. Appl. Genet.,2011,123(7):1193-1206.
69. Mdegela RH, Mosha RD, Sandvik M, et al. Assessment of acetylcholinesterase activity in Clarias gariepinus as a biomarker of organophosphate and carbamate exposure [J]. Ecotoxicology,2010, 19(5):855-863.
70. Migheli A, Attanasio A, Schiffer D. Ultrastructural detection of DNA strand breaks in apoptotic neuronal cells by in situ end labelling techniques [J]. J. Pathol.1995,176:27-35.
71. Miller TW, Chaiet L, Cole DJ, et al. Avermectins, new family of potent anthelmintic agents:isolation and chromatographic properties [J]. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,1979,15(3):368-371.
72. Mills AA, Mills MJ, Gardiner DM, et al. Analysis of the pattern of QM expression during mouse development [J]. Differentiation,1999, 64(3):161-171.
73. Mita K, Kasahara M, Sasaki S, et al. The genome sequence of silkworm, Bombyx mori [J]. DNA Res.,2004,11:27-35.
74. Miyamae Y, Zaizen K, Obara K, Mine Y, Sasaki YF. Detection of DNA lesions induced by chemical mutagens by the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) and relationship of onset of DNA damage and the characteristics of mutagens [J]. Mutat Res,1997,393:99-106.
75. Molinari G, Soloneski S, Larramendy ML. New ventures in the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of macrocyclic lactones, abamectin and ivermectin. Cytogenet [J]. Genome. Res.,2010,128(1-3):37-45.
76. Moller P. Genotoxicity of environmental agents assessed by the alkaline Comet assay [J]. Basic. Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol.,2005,96:1-42.
77. Moller P. The alkaline Comet assay:towards validation in biomonitoring of DNA damaging exposures [J]. Basic. Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol.,2006, 98(4):336-345.
78. Monica S, Cecilia L, Cecilia S, The evolution of the adenine nucleotide translocase family [J]. Gene,2004,333:51-59.
79. Mosin VA, Krugliak EB, Sterlina TS, et al. Cytotoxic and cytostatic effect of avermectines on tumor cells in vitro [J]. Antibiot Khimioter,2000,45 (10):10-14.
80. Mukhopadhyay I, Chowdhuri DK, Bajpayee M, et al. Evaluation of in vivo genotoxicity of cypermethrin in Drosophila melanogaster using the alkaline Comet assay [J]. Mutagenesis,2004,19(2):85-90.
81. Nadin SB, Vargas-Roig ML, Ciocca DR. A silver staining for single-cell gel assay [J]. J. Histochem. Cytochem.,2001,49(9):1183-1186.
82. Naseema BA, Shivanandappa T. Acute toxicity of insecticides to the Multivoltine and Bivoltine Races of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Pestic. Res. J.,1996,8(1):22-26.
83. Nath BS, Kumar RPS. Toxic impact of organophosphorus insecticides on acetylcholinesterase activity in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,1999,42(2):157-162.
84. Nath BS, Raju CS, Suresh A, et al. Toxic impact of organophosphorus insecticides on the growth and economic characters of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. J. Environ. Biol.,1997,18(2):181-184.
85. Nath BS. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism in hemolymph and fat body of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. exposed to organophosphorus insecticides [J]. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,2000,68(2):127-137.
86. Nath BS. Shifts in glycogen metabolism in hemolymph and fat body of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera:Bombycidae) in response to organophosphorus insecticides toxicity [J]. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,2003, 74(2):73-84.
87. Nguyen-Yue YH, Loftus TM, Torok T, et al. The isolation, localization and characterization of the QM homolog in Drosophila melanogaster [J]. DNA Seq.,1997,7(6):337-347.
88. Ogawa H, Ohyama T, Katsura E, et al. Characterization of the pUC19-lacZC141 reversion system for assaying chemical mutagenesis [J]. Mutat Res,1997,394:141-151.
89. Omura S, Crump A. The life and times of ivermectin-a success story [J]. Nat. Rev. Microbiol.,2004,2(12):984-989.
90. Ostling O, Johanson KJ. Microelectrophoretic study of radiation-induced DNA damages in individual mammalian cells [J]. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.,1984,123(1):291-298.
91. Pitterna T, Cassayre J, Huter OF, Jung PM, Maienfisch P, et al:New ventures in the chemistry of avermectins [J]. Bioorg. Med. Chem.,2009, 17(12):4085-4095.
92. Pogue-Geile K, Geiser JR, Shu M, et al. Ribosomal protein genes are overexpressed in colorectal cancer:isolation of a cDNA clone encoding the human S3 ribosomal protein [J]. Mol. Cell. Biol.,1991,11(8):3842-3849.
93. Pong SS, Wang CC, Fritz LC. Studies on the mechanism of action of avermectin B1a:stimulation of release of gamma-aminobutyric acid from brain synaptosomes [J]. J. Neurochem.,1980,34(2):351-358.
94. Qiu J, Ni YH, Gong HX, et al. Identification of differentially expressed genes in omental adipose tissues of obese patients by suppression subtractive hybridization [J]. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commum.,2007,352:469-478.
95. Radhakrishna PG, Delvi MR. Effect of organophosphorous insecticides on food utilization in different races of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera:Bombycidae) [J]. Sericology,1992,32:71-79.
96. Rank J, Jensen K, Jespersen PH. Monitoring DNA damage in indigenous blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) sampled from coastal sites in Denmark [J]. Mutat. Res.,2005,585(1-2):33-42.
97. Rank J, Jensen K. Comet assay on gill cells and hemocytes from the blue mussel Mytilus edulis [J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2003,54:323-329.
98. Resnick-Silverman L, Manfredi JJ. Analyzing p53 regulated DNA damage checkpoints by flow cytometry [J]. Methods Mol. Biol.,2011,782:193-203.
99. Saban MR, Hellmich H, Nguyen NB, et al. Time course of LPS-induced gene expression in a mouse model of genitourinary inflammation [J]. Physiol. Genomics,2001,5(3):147-160.
100. Saha BN, Kuan AR. The growth and development of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. as influenced by dichlorvos [J]. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh Sci.,1997,23(2):187-194.
101. Sakai M, Wu C, Suziki K. Nucleatide and deduced amino acid sequence of a cDNA encoding a lipocalin protein in the central nervous system of Bombyx mori [J]. J. Insect. Biotechnol. Sericol.,2001,70:105-112.
102. Salvetti A, Lena A, Rossi L, et al. Characterization of DeYl, a novel Y-box gene specifically expressed in differentiating male germ cells of planarians [J]. Gene Expr. Patterns,2002,2(3-4):195-200.
103. Santos SJ, Singh NP, Natarajan AT. Fluorenscence in situ hybridization with comets [J]. Exp. Cell. Res.,1997,232:407-411.
104. Sauter G, Gasser TC, Moch H, et al. DNA aberrations in urinary bladder cancer detected by flow cytometry and FISH [J]. Urol. Res.,1997, 25:S37-43.
105. Saverwyns H, Visser A, Van Durme J, et al. Analysis of the transthyretin-like (TTL) gene family in Ostertagia ostertagi--comparison with other strongylid nematodes and Caenorhabditis elegans [J]. Int. J. Parasitol.,2008, 38(13):1545-1556.
106. Sawada H, Yamahama Y, Mase K, et al. Molecular properties and tissue distribution of 30 K proteins as ommin-binding proteins from diapause eggs of the silkworm, Bombyx mori [J]. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol.,2007,146(2):172-179.
107. Schena M, Shalon D, Davis RW, et al. Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray [J]. Science, 1995,270:467-470.
108. Schultz J, Doerks T, Ponting CP, et al. More than 1,000 putative new human signaling proteins revealed by EST data mining [J]. Nat. genet.,2000, 25:201-204.
109. Seki M, Narusaka M, Abe H, et al. Monitoring the expression pattern of 1300 Arabidopsis genes under drought and cold stresses by using a full-length cDNA microarray [J]. Plant Cell,2001,13(1):61-72.
110. Sevilla CL, Mahle NH, Eliezer N, et al. Development of monoclonal antibodies to the malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine adduct, pyrimidopurinone [J]. Chem. Res. Toxicol.,1997,10:172-180.
111. Shi ZH, Guo SJ, Lin WC, et al. Evaluation of selective toxicity of five pesticides against Plutella xylostella (Lep:Plutellidae) and their side-effects against Cotesia plutellae (Hym:Braconidae) and Oomyzus sokolowskii (Hym: Eulophidae) [J]. Pest Manag. Sci.60 (2004) 1213-1219.
112. Shukla AK, Pragya P, Chowdhuri DK, et al. A modified alkaline Comet assay for in vivo detection of oxidative DNA damage in Drosophila melanogaster [J]. Mutat. Res.,2011,726(2):222-226.
113. Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells [J]. Exp. Cell. Res.,1988,175(1):184-191.
114. Singh NP, Stephens RE, Singh H, et al. Visual quantification of DNA double-strand breaks in bacteria [J]. Mutat. Res.,1999,429:159-168.
115. Speit G, Hartmann A. The Comet assay:a sensitive genotoxicity test for the detection of DNA damage [J]. Methods. Mol. Biol.,2005,291:85-95.
116. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences [J]. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.,2002,99:16899-16903.
117. Surendra NB, Surendra KRP. Toxic impact of organophosphorus insecticides on acetylcholinesterase activity in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,1999,42(2):157-162.
118. Takahashi S, Sakakibara Y, Mishiro E, et al. Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of a novel mouse SULT6 cytosolic sulfotransferase [J]. J. Biochem.,2009,146(3):399-405.
119. Thyagarajan B, Anderson KE, Lessard CJ, et al. Alkaline unwinding flow cytometry assay to measure nucleotide excision repair [J]. Mutagenesis,2007, 22:147-153.
120. Tu HT, Silvestre F, Scippo ML, et al. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a biomarker of exposure to antibiotics and pesticides in the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2009,72(5):1463-1470.
121. Valletti A, Anselmo A, Mangiulli M, et al. Identification of tumor-associated cassette exons in human cancer through EST-based computational prediction and experimental validation [J]. Mol. Cancer,2010,9:230-241.
122. van Delft JH, van den Ende AM, Keizer HJ, et al. Determination of N7-methylguanine in DNA of white blood cells from cancer patients treated with dacarbazine [J]. Carcinogenesis,1992,13(7):1257-1259.
123. Velculescu VE, Madden SL, Zhang L, et al. Analysis of human transcriptomes [J]. Nat. Genet.,1999,23:387-388.
124. Velculescu VE, Zhang L, Vogelstein B, et al. Serial analysis of gene expression [J]. Science,1995,270:484-487.
125. Velculescu VE, Zhang L, Zhou W, et al. Characterization of the yeast transcriptome [J]. Cell,1997,88:243-251.
126. Venkata RS, Sivarami RN, Ramamurthy R. Carbaryl effect on the growth and silk qualities of Bombyx mori L [J]. Indian J. Seri.1988,28(2):182-190.
127. Verschaeve L, Gilles J, Schoeters J, et al. The single cell gel electrophoresis technique or Comet test for monitoring dioxin pollution and effects. In: Fiedler H, Frank H, Hutzinger O, Parzefall W, Riss A (eds). Organohalogen compounds 11 [M]. Austria:Federal Environmental Agency,1993, p:213-216.
128. Vollmer AC, Belkin S, Smulski DR, et al. Detection of DNA damage by use of Escherichia coli carrying recA'::lux, uvrA'::lux, or alkA'::lux reporter plasmids [J]. Appl Environ Microbiol,1997,63:2566-2571.
129. Vyjayanthi N, Subramanyam MVV. Effect of fenvalerate-20EC on sericigenous insects-food utilization in the late-age larva of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2002,53:206-211.
130. Vyjayanthi N, Subramanyam MVV. Effect of fenvalerate-20EC on sericigenous insects-Digestive enzymes in the nutritive physiology of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safe.,2002,53:212-220.
131. Wang J, Yin DQ, Lu GF, et al. Effects of dimehypo (disodium 2-methylaminotrimethylene dithiosulfonate) on growth and cocooning of silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera:Saturnidae) [J]. Pestic. Sci.,1999, 55:1070-1076.
132. Wang LL, Zhou ZY. RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing proteins in Bombyx mori [J]. Afr. J. Biotechnol.,2009,8:1121-1126.
133. Wang X, Chang L, Sun Z, et al. Characterization of genes expressed in response to cadmium exposure in the earthworm Eisenia fetida using DDRT-PCR [J]. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.,2010,73(6):1214-1220.
134. Wang YH, McWilliam SM, Barendse W, et al. Mapping of 12 bovine ribosomal protein genes using a bovine radiation hybrid panel [J]. Anim. Genet.,2001,32(5):269-273.
135. Wilkins MR, Sanchez JC, Gooley AA, et al. Progress with proteome projects: why all proteins expressed by a genome should be identified and how to do it [J]. Biotechnol. Genet. Eng.,1996,13:19-50.
136. Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, et al. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as Gentic markers [J]. Nucleuc. Acids Res., 1990,18(22):6531-6535.
137. Winter MJ, Day N, Hayes RA, et al. DNA strand breaks and adducts determined in feral and caged chub (Leuciscus cephalus) exposed to rivers exhibiting variable water quality around Birmingham, UK [J]. Mutat. Res., 2004,552(1-2):163-75.
138. Wong CKC, Yeung HY, Woo PS, Wong MH. Specific expression of cytochrome P450 [A] gene in gill, intestine and liver of tilapia exposed to coastal sediments [J]. Aquat. Toxicol.,2001,54:69-80.
139. Woods DJ, Williams TM. The challenges of developing novel antiparasitic drugs [J]. Invert. Neurosci.,2007,7(4):245-250.
140. Wool IG. Extraribosomal functions of ribosomal proteins [J]. Trends. Biochem. Sci.,1996,21(5):164-165.
141. Wu H, Zhang R, Liu J, et al. Effects of malathion and chlorpyrifos on acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant defense system in Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) (Orthoptera:Acrididae) [J]. Chemosphere,2011,83(4):599-604.
142. Wu P, Wang X, Qin GX, et al. Microarray analysis of the gene expression profile in the midgut of silkworm infected with cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus [J]. Mol. Biol. Rep.,2011,38(1):333-341.
143. Xia QY, Zhou ZY, Lu C et al. A draft sequence for the genome of the domesticated silkworm (Bombyx mori) [J]. Science,2004,306:1937-1940.
144. Xu HP, Xu YS, Wang HB, et al. Identification and functional characterization of the Rad23 gene of the silkworm, Bombyx mori [J]. Biosci. Rep.,2009, 30(1):19-26.
145. Yamamoto T. Molecular mechanism of monocyte predominant infiltration in chronic inflammation:mediation by a novel monocyte chemotactic factor, S19 ribosomal protein dimmer [J]. Pathol. Int.,2000,50(11):863-871.
146. Yoon YJ, Kim ES, Hwang YS, et al. Avermectin:biochemical and molecular basis of its biosynthesis and regulation [J]. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2004,63(6):626-634.
147. Yu QY, Fang SM, Zuo WD, et al. Effect of organophosphate phoxim exposure on certain oxidative stress biomarkers in the silkworm [J]. J. Econ. Entomol.,2011,104(1):101-106.
148. Zang Y, Zhong Y, Luo Y, et al. Genotoxicity of two novel pesticides for the earthworm, Eisenia fetida [J]. Environ. Pollut.,2000,108(2):271-278.
149. Zeng F, Zhang X, Zhu L, et al. Isolation and characterization of genes associated tocotton somatic embryogenesis by suppression subtractive hybridization and macroarray [J]. Plant Mol. Biol.,2006,60:167-183.
150. Zhang S, Xu Y, Fu Q, et al. Proteomic Analysis of Larval Midgut from the Silkworm(Bombyx mori) [J]. Comp. Funct. Genomics.,2011;2011:876-883.
151. Zhang X, Chen Z, Li M, et al. Construction of ivermectin producer by domain swaps of avermectin polyketide synthase in Streptomyces avermitilis [J]. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.,2006,72(5):986-994.
152. Zhong BX, Li JK, Lin JR, et al. Possible effect of 30 K proteins in embryonic development of silkworm Bombyx mori [J]. Acta Bioch. Bioph. Sin.,2005, 37(5):355-361.
153.阿维菌素原药,GB 19336-2003[S],2003.
154.蔡磊.差异表达基因的几种筛选方法[J].第四军医大学学报.2007,28(3)：286-288.
155.曹广力,朱越雄.乐胺磷对5龄期家蚕肠液蛋白酶活性的影响[J].江苏蚕业，1999，3：8-10.
156.陈家长,董在杰,胡庚东,等.运用RAPD技术检测除草剂对草鱼的致突变作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(5)：1307-1308.
157.陈丽萍,赵学平,吴成兴,等.4种不同作用机制的杀虫剂对家蚕的毒性与安全性评价[J].浙江农业科学,2006,3：330-332.
158.陈锐,徐福南.杀虫双对家蚕后丝腺的超微结构的影响[J].昆虫知识,1995,32(2)：122-124.
159.崔乘幸,刘永榜,田雪亮.1.8%阿维菌素乳油防治油菜潜叶蝇的田间药效试验[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(20)：5196,5284.
160.戴璇颖,徐世清,陈息林,等.环境激素阿特拉津对家蚕卵巢培养细胞(BmN)凋亡的影响[J].蚕业科学,2006,32(4)：495-499.
161.杜鑫.家蚕丝胶蛋白质组的研究及实用蚕品种的选育[D].浙江,浙江大学，2011.
162.段卫平.2006年中秋蚕大面积不结茧的原因调查[J].广西蚕业,2007,44(1)：36-38.
163.房守敏.昆虫谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的基因组学研究及其介导的抗药性[J].蚕学通讯,2010,30(4)：28-35.
164.高绪芳.RD-PCR定位检测DNA损伤及其在检测环境致癌物对K-ras基因损伤中的应用[D].四川,四川大学,2007.
165.龚瑞忠,陈悦,陈良燕,等.溴氰菊酯对环境生物的安全评价研究[J].农药学学报,2001,3(2)：67-72.
166.韩益飞,徐世清,朱江等.糖蛋白的结构与功能[J].生物学杂志,2001,18(2)：1-3.
167.何丽华,曾健,骆承军,等.甲基锡对家蚕的毒性试验[J].浙江农业科学,2003，3：142-144.
168.胡昌华,鲍朗.抑制消减杂交技术与基因克隆[J].国外医学遗传学分册,2000,23(6)：289-294.
169.黄青云,林涛,陈芳育,等.双向电泳联用质谱技术研究水稻明恢63对细菌性条斑病侵染的应答[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2006,45(Sup)：86-90.
170.黄薇,方孝东,赵文明.分离差异表达基因的方法[J].生物工程学报,2002,18(4)：521-524.
171.李保同.六种杀虫剂对家蚕的毒性与安全评价研究[J].农药学学报,2001,3(3)：83-85.
172.李春晓,赵彤言.蚊虫对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯抗性相关羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶基因研究进展[J].寄生虫与医学昆虫学报,2006,13(1)：51-56.
173.李力,徐颖,杨卫超,等.阿维菌素类近期毒理学研究进展[J].医学动物防制.2010,26(7)：608-610.
174.李世广,胡娟,李利华,等.阿维菌素和毒死蜱对玉米象和赤拟谷盗的毒力测定[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(11)：309-312.
175.刘丽.高效液相色谱检测DNA加合物的方法研究[J].中外健康文摘,2010,7(7)：39-41.
176.刘培刚,王永强,陈金娥.家蚕孤雌生殖系与有性生殖系亲本的血液比较蛋白质组学研究[J].蚕业科学,2010,36(2)：243-249.
177.刘彤,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素对小鼠初级精母细胞致突变性的研究[J].中国兽医科技,2001,31(4)：11-14.
178.刘彤,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素对小鼠次级精母细胞致突变性的研究[J].中国兽医科技,2003,33(5)：40-43.
179.刘彤,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素对小鼠精原细胞致突变性的研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2000,2(6)：19-22.
180.刘岩,孟智启,何丽华等.两种抽提家蚕基因组DNA方法的比较[J].蚕桑通报,2008,39(4)：6-10.
181.鲁兴萌,周勤,周金钱,等.微量氯氰菊酯对家蚕的毒性[J].农药学学报,2003,5(4)：42-46.
182.吕敏,刘惠霞,吴文君.谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶与昆虫抗药性的关系[J].昆虫知识,2003,40(3)：204-207.
183.马惠,王开运,刘亮,等.农药对家蚕的毒性及安全性评价研究进展[J].农药科学与管理,2005,26(5)：15-18.
184.毛黎娟,魏方林,朱国念.利用MTT法测定杀虫剂对家蚕细胞的毒力[J].农药学学报,2005,7(1)：45-48.
185.钱惠田.蚕的生理生化[M].中国农业出版社,北京,1997,p：73-79.
186.区炳庆,赵海全,何丽兰.多黏菌素对雏鸭血液中超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响[J].中国兽医科技,2003,33(2)：50-52.
187.苏来,宋宏宇.检测DNA-蛋白质交联的新方法[J].遗传,2008,30(5)：659-662.
188.田万年,张守发,李香子,等.延边黄牛背最长肌差异表达基因的筛选、克隆及序列分析[J].遗传,2011,33(11)：1219-1224.
189.吐尔逊·阿合买提,郭文超,何江,等.新疆农田常用杀虫、杀螨剂对螟黄赤眼蜂的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2004,41(1)：34-37.
190.王琛柱.棉酚和单宁酸对棉铃虫幼虫生长和消化生理的影响[J].植物保护学报,1997,24(1)：13-18.
191.王东.家蚕细胞色素P450和羧酸酯酶家族基因的鉴定与功能研究[D].江苏,苏州大学,2009.
192.王建晖,侯学文.基于mRNA水平的差异表达基因筛选技术[J].生物学杂志,2009,26(4)：77-81.
193.王照红,杜建勋,梁明芝,等.几种桑园常用杀虫剂对家蚕的残毒期试验[J].蚕业科学,2002,28(2)：146-151.
194.魏玉霞.高效液相色谱-质谱联用检测芥子气-DNA加合物[C].全军生物医药博士后论坛论文集,2009.
195.吴国星,高熹,王海宁,等.氟虫腈和阿维菌素对小菜蛾及其寄生蜂半闭弯尾姬蜂的毒力研究[J].江西农业学报,2008,20(5)：46-48.
196.吴立娜,赵巧玲,裘智勇,等.农药氰戊菊酯和杀虫双诱导家蚕血液蛋白 的变化[J].蚕业科学,2010,36(2)：262-267.
197.吴小锋,徐俊良,崔为正.家蚕血液过氧化氢酶活力及其与蚕体抗逆性的关系[J].昆虫学报,1998,41(2)：124-129.
198.肖丙秀,郭俊明,赵青.抑制性消减杂交方法的建立[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2002,15(1)：97-99.
199.谢方莉,张治位,衡正昌.平阳霉素对p53基因外显子7的链断裂作用研究[J].卫生毒理学杂志,2002,16(2)：101-103.
200.谢芳靖,张子平,林鹏.引物退火控制技术在差异表达基因克隆中的应用[J].海洋科学,2007,31(5)：70-75.
201.谢云南,曹忠宏.家蚕中毒的原因分析和防控措施[J].蚕桑茶叶通讯,2007，3：21-22.
202.熊彩珍,顾立明.中秋蚕发生大面积农药中毒的思考[J].中国蚕业,2007,28(2)：54-55.
203.杨贵香,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素对小鼠雌性生殖细胞的致突变性研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,1997,28(2)：159-164.
204.裔洪根,徐世清,戴璇颖,等.环境激素壬基酚对鳞翅目昆虫培养细胞的影响[J].蚕业科学,2006,32(2)：215-220.
205.于威,陆青玲,韩剑秋,等.3种家蚕30 K蛋白基因的克隆表达及抗凋亡功能分析[J].蚕业科学,2011,37(4)：630-636.
206.于威,聂作明,王丹等.家蚕孤雌生殖相关蛋白ERp57基因的克隆和分析[J].丝绸,2007,8：23-27.
207.越皓,陈云,余孔捷,等.马兜铃酸-DNA加合物定量分析的新进展[J].中国科学(B),2009,52(10)：1576-1582.
208.张海燕,周勤,潘美良,等.阿维菌素对家蚕毒性的试验[J].蚕桑通报,2006,37(1)：18-20.
209.张照新,魏巧娥,吴智军.桑园微量农药污染影响及其防范对策[J].广西蚕业,2001,38(2)：28-30.
210.赵社敬,温绍有,董根中.2%阿维菌素乳油防治菜豆美洲斑潜蝇田间药效试验[J].现代农业科技,2007,23：84,88.
211.周良生,李术,朱蓓蕾.阿维菌素亚急性中毒致鸽子脑组织细胞凋亡的 研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(2)：75-78.
212.周义奎,谢同建,万成功,等.家蚕农药中毒的原因及对策[J].蚕桑茶叶通讯,2007，2：7-8.
213.朱金文,魏方林,李少南,等.毒死蜱对家蚕的急性毒性研究[J].蚕业科学,2006,32(2)：272-275.
214.朱金文,魏方林,朱国念.稻田杀虫剂三唑磷对家蚕的触杀作用与摄入慢性毒性的研究[J].蚕业科学,2006,32(3)：368-371.
215.朱九生,连梅力,王静.阿维菌素对广赤眼蜂(Trichogramma evanescens)不同发育阶段的毒性和实验种群动态的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(9)：4738-4744.
216.朱越雄,曹广力.残留量乐胺磷对家蚕血液超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响[J].广东蚕业,1999,33(3)：40-42.