面向智能服装的健康监护系统的研究与开发
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摘要
随着现代社会生活水平的提高和各种压力的增大,健康问题越来越受到人们的关注。医学模式和医疗观念也逐渐开始转变,以医院为中心转变为以病人、家庭为中心,以治疗为中心转变为以预防、保健为中心。目前已经出现了各种各样的家用医疗监护产品,但这些产品无法非常方便地进行长期的实时监护,不能满足日益增长的人们对健康保健的需求。由于服装本身与人有着密切关系,将服装装备成监控人体的医疗设备,便可以实现随时随地长时间的对健康进行监护,这是目前研究的一个热点。本论文结合健康监护系统的需求和可穿戴的特点,对面向智能服装的健康监护系统进行了研究与开发。
首先,通过分析智能服装的研究目标与系统需求,设计了面向智能服装的健康监护系统的体系结构。在此基础上,探讨了具体实施时的两种可行方案及各自的优缺点,并将各种相关装置与无线通信和网络技术相结合,提出了基于ZigBee/GPRS-GPS的可穿戴网络体系结构。另外还对监护系统的可穿戴性能进行了研究和探讨。
其次,根据人体生理信号采集的特点和系统需求,设计了系统硬件整体结构。以32位ARM内核的微处理器LPC2212为中央控制器,以16位低功耗微控制器MSP430F149作为采集协处理器,外围设计扩展了心电采集模块、体温采集模块、OLED显示模块、无线模块等,实现了面向智能服装的健康监护系统终端的硬件平台。
再次,针对嵌入服装的电极易受到人体运动影响,所采集的心电信号混杂有多种干扰的特点,研究了基于小波分析的信号消噪,提出了基于小波和中值滤波的阈值分级算法来去除心电信号基线漂移,并给出了一种简单的心电信号特征参数提取方法,在此基础上进行了心率异常分析。另外,还对温度信号的处理进行了研究。
接着,设计了整个软件系统。将其按功能划分成层次和模块,从下至上依次为设备驱动、系统软件、应用程序。在监护系统终端平台上,移植了嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ,在此基础上设计实现了硬件模块的驱动程序和应用程序。
最后,针对本论文提出的可穿戴网络体系结构,对其中的ZigBee、GRPS和GPS各个模块进行了研究和应用设计,实现了短信提示、语音报警和GPRS数据传输等无线传输功能。
论文的研究成果为研制与服装结合的可穿戴健康监护装置打下了一定的基础。
With the improvement of living conditions and all kinds of increasing pressure, the health problem has been paid more and more attention. The medicine mode and medical conception are also starting to change, transferring from hospital centered to patient and home centered, treatment centered to prevent and health care centered. Now there are a lot of home medical treatment products appearing, but all these products can not provide real-time monitoring for a long time very conveniently, and can not meet the increasing need of health care by people. Garments have close relationship with people in their daily life, so how to equipt it to be a device that can monitor people's health at all times, is a research hotspot currently. This thesis studies and develops a health monitoring system based on smart garment, combining the requirement of health care system and the wearable characteristics.
Firstly, we design architecture for smart garments oriented medical monitoring following analysis on the research objective and system requirement. Based on that, we discuss two feasible solutions for its hardware implementation and their own advantages and disadvantages. In addition, we design a wearable network framework, based on wireless communication, network technology and lots of related devices. What's more, we study and discuss wearable capability of the system.
Secondly, we design architecture of system hardware, based on the characteristics of biomedical signals collection and system requirement, using 32 bits ARM-core microprocessor as CPU, 16 bits low power consumption microcontroller as collection coprocessor, extending with ECG module, body temperature module, OELD module, wireless module, etc. Base on that, we achieve the hardware platform of smart garment health monitoring system.
Thirdly, because the electrode embedded into garment is easily affected by body movement and there are lots of noises mixed in the collected ECG signal. We study on how to use wavelet technology to denoise it. Then, we present a hierarchy method based on wavelet transform and median filter to remove ECG baseline wander, and also suggest an easy way to extract ECG characteristic parameters. In addition, we analyze the heart rate abnormity. What's more, we discuss body temperature signal process.
And then, we design the software for the health monitoring system. According to its functions, we divide it into different layers and modules, which are device driver, operating system and application system from bottom to top. We port the embedded operating systemμC/OS-Ⅱinto the microprocessor platform, and then design hardware driver and application program.
Finally, in response to the wearable network framework presented before, we study ZigBee, GPRS, GPS module and their application designs, and achieve wireless functions such as SMS prompt, voice warning, GPRS data transmission,etc.
The achievements in the thesis will be the basis for development of wearable medical monitoring devices.
首先,通过分析智能服装的研究目标与系统需求,设计了面向智能服装的健康监护系统的体系结构。在此基础上,探讨了具体实施时的两种可行方案及各自的优缺点,并将各种相关装置与无线通信和网络技术相结合,提出了基于ZigBee/GPRS-GPS的可穿戴网络体系结构。另外还对监护系统的可穿戴性能进行了研究和探讨。
其次,根据人体生理信号采集的特点和系统需求,设计了系统硬件整体结构。以32位ARM内核的微处理器LPC2212为中央控制器,以16位低功耗微控制器MSP430F149作为采集协处理器,外围设计扩展了心电采集模块、体温采集模块、OLED显示模块、无线模块等,实现了面向智能服装的健康监护系统终端的硬件平台。
再次,针对嵌入服装的电极易受到人体运动影响,所采集的心电信号混杂有多种干扰的特点,研究了基于小波分析的信号消噪,提出了基于小波和中值滤波的阈值分级算法来去除心电信号基线漂移,并给出了一种简单的心电信号特征参数提取方法,在此基础上进行了心率异常分析。另外,还对温度信号的处理进行了研究。
接着,设计了整个软件系统。将其按功能划分成层次和模块,从下至上依次为设备驱动、系统软件、应用程序。在监护系统终端平台上,移植了嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ,在此基础上设计实现了硬件模块的驱动程序和应用程序。
最后,针对本论文提出的可穿戴网络体系结构,对其中的ZigBee、GRPS和GPS各个模块进行了研究和应用设计,实现了短信提示、语音报警和GPRS数据传输等无线传输功能。
论文的研究成果为研制与服装结合的可穿戴健康监护装置打下了一定的基础。
With the improvement of living conditions and all kinds of increasing pressure, the health problem has been paid more and more attention. The medicine mode and medical conception are also starting to change, transferring from hospital centered to patient and home centered, treatment centered to prevent and health care centered. Now there are a lot of home medical treatment products appearing, but all these products can not provide real-time monitoring for a long time very conveniently, and can not meet the increasing need of health care by people. Garments have close relationship with people in their daily life, so how to equipt it to be a device that can monitor people's health at all times, is a research hotspot currently. This thesis studies and develops a health monitoring system based on smart garment, combining the requirement of health care system and the wearable characteristics.
Firstly, we design architecture for smart garments oriented medical monitoring following analysis on the research objective and system requirement. Based on that, we discuss two feasible solutions for its hardware implementation and their own advantages and disadvantages. In addition, we design a wearable network framework, based on wireless communication, network technology and lots of related devices. What's more, we study and discuss wearable capability of the system.
Secondly, we design architecture of system hardware, based on the characteristics of biomedical signals collection and system requirement, using 32 bits ARM-core microprocessor as CPU, 16 bits low power consumption microcontroller as collection coprocessor, extending with ECG module, body temperature module, OELD module, wireless module, etc. Base on that, we achieve the hardware platform of smart garment health monitoring system.
Thirdly, because the electrode embedded into garment is easily affected by body movement and there are lots of noises mixed in the collected ECG signal. We study on how to use wavelet technology to denoise it. Then, we present a hierarchy method based on wavelet transform and median filter to remove ECG baseline wander, and also suggest an easy way to extract ECG characteristic parameters. In addition, we analyze the heart rate abnormity. What's more, we discuss body temperature signal process.
And then, we design the software for the health monitoring system. According to its functions, we divide it into different layers and modules, which are device driver, operating system and application system from bottom to top. We port the embedded operating systemμC/OS-Ⅱinto the microprocessor platform, and then design hardware driver and application program.
Finally, in response to the wearable network framework presented before, we study ZigBee, GPRS, GPS module and their application designs, and achieve wireless functions such as SMS prompt, voice warning, GPRS data transmission,etc.
The achievements in the thesis will be the basis for development of wearable medical monitoring devices.
引文
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[3]丁笑君,邹奉元,刘伶俐,智能服装的应用及研发进展[J],现代纺织技术,2006(2):51-54.
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