无线传感器网络基于弹簧模型的定位算法研究
|
摘要
无线传感器网络(WSN)是由众多能量受限、计算能力受限、存储受限的传感器节点组成。它实现了将物理信息转换成数字网络的功能。无线传感器网络已经使用于众多的应用场合,如环境监测、人体健康监测、目标跟踪、交通控制等。无线传感器网络自身系统的研究包括网络路由、数据融合、拓扑控制等等。绝大多数的无线传感器网络应用及自身系统研究需要传感器节点的位置。因此,进行无线传感器网络定位研究是非常重要的。
大规模无线传感器网络在很多应用场合是需要的,比如用于月球车导航的月球传感器网络中。如何降低节点的计算复杂度、通信复杂度和时间复杂度是大规模无线传感器网络面临的一大问题。为了解决这一问题,该论文提出了一种用于无线传感器网络的弹簧模型,以及基于弹簧模型的定位算法(LASM算法)。该算法可以在保持网络定位精度的前提下降低网络复杂度。该算法通过模拟物理弹簧系统的动态变化,来计算节点的位置坐标。各传感器节点虚拟为具有质量的粒子,粒子间用弹簧相连。当外力将粒子设置到一个随机位置后,粒子间的弹簧将做相应的拉伸/收缩,在弹力的作用下,粒子将最终运动到它的初始位置。通过模拟粒子运动的每个状态及相应的弹力,可求得无线传感器节点的坐标。网络中单个节点的复杂度为O(1) ,即单个节点的复杂度不随着网络规模的扩大而增加,这在大规模网络中具有很好的应用前景。
有些传感器网络具有计算存储能力低,节点动态加入/离开等特性。为了适应上述特性,该论文在LASM算法的研究基础上又提出一系列衍生算法。提出一个更简单的迭代算法,用于降低每次迭代的计算和存储量;提出LASM算法的三个补丁算法,用于处理局部极值、剔除坏节点和处理网络节点的动态变化。仿真结果表明节点的计算、通信复杂度在网络规模增大时仍然保持常量。由于算法在节点中并行运行,节点计算步数不随网络规模变化而变化,所以时间复杂度也保持常量。
实际地理环境会影响无线传感器网络定位算法的运行性能。该论文考虑了这一因素,分析了节点使用RSSI(接收信号强度指示)的测距误差,并提出了相应的处理办法。该论文着重关注RSSI理论模型的参数误差和邻居节点间存在障碍物干扰的误差。基于对这两类误差的分析,提出了RSSI理论模型参数的在线修改方法和降低小障碍物干扰的方法。理论分析和实际仿真表明,该方法在障碍物较小情况下可以降低定位误差。
提出了上述定位算法的一个应用:基于定位信息的能量高效无线传感器网络首节点选择的算法。该算法在选择首节点时综合考虑了如下三个方面:候选首节点自身的剩余能量,网络总能量消耗,网络节点能量的均衡性。为了适应目前存储能力和计算能力均有限的传感器节点,该算法同时设计了相应的简化模型。仿真结果表明新的首节点选择算法能降低网络能量消耗,从而延长所有节点正常工作时间。
为了测试定位算法性能及网络通信能力,该论文设计并实现了一种无线传感器网络定位系统原型。该网络系统由普通传感器节点和iPhone/iPod Touch节点组成。其中,普通传感器节点用于采集数据、运行定位算法;iPhone智能手机用于为普通传感器网络发送任务、获取定位数据和显示界面等。实验验证了混合无线传感器网络的通信性能以及定位算法的定位精度和复杂度。
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy, limited computing capability and limited memory. It functions to transfer the physical information to a digital data network. It has been used in a wide variety of applications including environmental monitoring, body health monitoring, object tracking, traffic controlling, etc. In-network studies of wireless sensor networks include network routing, data fusion, topology control, etc. All these applications and most of the in-network studies require the locations of sensor nodes. Therefore, network localization research is very important in wireless sensor networks.
A large scale wireless sensor network is required in many applications such as lunar sensor network for lunar rover navigation. The large computational complexity, communication complexity and time complexity are big problems for a large scale sensor network. In order to solve these problems, this dissertation proposes a spring model for a wireless sensor network. It also creates a localization algorithm based on a spring model method (LASM) to reduce the complexity, while maintaining the localization accuracy in large scale sensor networks. The algorithm simulates the dynamics of the physical spring system to estimate the positions of nodes. The sensor nodes are set as particles with masses and are connected with neighbor nodes by virtual springs. The virtual springs will force the particles to move to the original positions, the node positions correspondingly, from the randomly set positions. Therefore, a blind node position can be determined from the LASM algorithm by calculating the related forces with the neighbor nodes. The computational and communication complexity are O(1) for each node, since the number of the neighbor nodes does not increase proportionally with the scale of the network.
Some of the wireless sensor networks have properties of low computational capability and memory, dynamic nodes joining/leaving, etc. In order to match these properties, this dissertation proposes some derivate algorithms based on the basic LASM algorithm. A simpler iterative algorithm is proposed to lower the amount of calculation and storage in each iteration. Three patches of the basic LASM algorithm are proposed to avoid local optimization, kick out bad nodes and deal with node variation. Simulation results show that the computational and communication complexity are almost constant despite the increase of the scale of the network. The time consumption has also been proven to remain almost constant since the calculation steps are almost unrelated to the scale of the network.
The actual geographical environment affects the performance a lot when executing a localization algorithm in wireless sensor networks. This dissertation takes this into consideration, analyze nodes’RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) measuring errors, and then propose related methods to handle them when running a localization algorithm. This dissertation pays attention to the parameter error of RSSI theoretical model and the obstacle error between neighbor nodes. Based on the analysis of the two mentioned errors, this dissertation proposes an online parameter modification method for RSSI theoretical model and another method to reduce the effect of those small obstacles. It shows by both theoretical analysis and simulations that this method can get low localization errors when the size of obstacles is small.
This dissertation proposes an application of the above localization algorithm: location aware energy efficient heard node selection algorithm in wireless sensor networks. In this algorithm, three aspects are taken into consideration: the candidate head node’s single residual energy, the total energy spent in the network if this candidate head node is chosen, and the quality of balance of the residual nodes’energy. To adapt the actual sensor nodes with limited memory and computing capacity, a simplified model is also introduced. Simulation results show that this new head node selection algorithm can achieve balanced energy consumption and greatly prolong the life time of the network.
To verify the performance of localization algorithm and network communication, this dissertation designs and implements a prototype of wireless sensor network localization system. The network is constituted by common sensor nodes and iPhones/iPod Touches. The common sensor nodes are used to collect data and run the localization algorithm. The iPhones are used to send tasks to the common sensor network, get location data and display them. The experiment result shows the high network communication ability, high localization accuracy and low complexity.
大规模无线传感器网络在很多应用场合是需要的,比如用于月球车导航的月球传感器网络中。如何降低节点的计算复杂度、通信复杂度和时间复杂度是大规模无线传感器网络面临的一大问题。为了解决这一问题,该论文提出了一种用于无线传感器网络的弹簧模型,以及基于弹簧模型的定位算法(LASM算法)。该算法可以在保持网络定位精度的前提下降低网络复杂度。该算法通过模拟物理弹簧系统的动态变化,来计算节点的位置坐标。各传感器节点虚拟为具有质量的粒子,粒子间用弹簧相连。当外力将粒子设置到一个随机位置后,粒子间的弹簧将做相应的拉伸/收缩,在弹力的作用下,粒子将最终运动到它的初始位置。通过模拟粒子运动的每个状态及相应的弹力,可求得无线传感器节点的坐标。网络中单个节点的复杂度为O(1) ,即单个节点的复杂度不随着网络规模的扩大而增加,这在大规模网络中具有很好的应用前景。
有些传感器网络具有计算存储能力低,节点动态加入/离开等特性。为了适应上述特性,该论文在LASM算法的研究基础上又提出一系列衍生算法。提出一个更简单的迭代算法,用于降低每次迭代的计算和存储量;提出LASM算法的三个补丁算法,用于处理局部极值、剔除坏节点和处理网络节点的动态变化。仿真结果表明节点的计算、通信复杂度在网络规模增大时仍然保持常量。由于算法在节点中并行运行,节点计算步数不随网络规模变化而变化,所以时间复杂度也保持常量。
实际地理环境会影响无线传感器网络定位算法的运行性能。该论文考虑了这一因素,分析了节点使用RSSI(接收信号强度指示)的测距误差,并提出了相应的处理办法。该论文着重关注RSSI理论模型的参数误差和邻居节点间存在障碍物干扰的误差。基于对这两类误差的分析,提出了RSSI理论模型参数的在线修改方法和降低小障碍物干扰的方法。理论分析和实际仿真表明,该方法在障碍物较小情况下可以降低定位误差。
提出了上述定位算法的一个应用:基于定位信息的能量高效无线传感器网络首节点选择的算法。该算法在选择首节点时综合考虑了如下三个方面:候选首节点自身的剩余能量,网络总能量消耗,网络节点能量的均衡性。为了适应目前存储能力和计算能力均有限的传感器节点,该算法同时设计了相应的简化模型。仿真结果表明新的首节点选择算法能降低网络能量消耗,从而延长所有节点正常工作时间。
为了测试定位算法性能及网络通信能力,该论文设计并实现了一种无线传感器网络定位系统原型。该网络系统由普通传感器节点和iPhone/iPod Touch节点组成。其中,普通传感器节点用于采集数据、运行定位算法;iPhone智能手机用于为普通传感器网络发送任务、获取定位数据和显示界面等。实验验证了混合无线传感器网络的通信性能以及定位算法的定位精度和复杂度。
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy, limited computing capability and limited memory. It functions to transfer the physical information to a digital data network. It has been used in a wide variety of applications including environmental monitoring, body health monitoring, object tracking, traffic controlling, etc. In-network studies of wireless sensor networks include network routing, data fusion, topology control, etc. All these applications and most of the in-network studies require the locations of sensor nodes. Therefore, network localization research is very important in wireless sensor networks.
A large scale wireless sensor network is required in many applications such as lunar sensor network for lunar rover navigation. The large computational complexity, communication complexity and time complexity are big problems for a large scale sensor network. In order to solve these problems, this dissertation proposes a spring model for a wireless sensor network. It also creates a localization algorithm based on a spring model method (LASM) to reduce the complexity, while maintaining the localization accuracy in large scale sensor networks. The algorithm simulates the dynamics of the physical spring system to estimate the positions of nodes. The sensor nodes are set as particles with masses and are connected with neighbor nodes by virtual springs. The virtual springs will force the particles to move to the original positions, the node positions correspondingly, from the randomly set positions. Therefore, a blind node position can be determined from the LASM algorithm by calculating the related forces with the neighbor nodes. The computational and communication complexity are O(1) for each node, since the number of the neighbor nodes does not increase proportionally with the scale of the network.
Some of the wireless sensor networks have properties of low computational capability and memory, dynamic nodes joining/leaving, etc. In order to match these properties, this dissertation proposes some derivate algorithms based on the basic LASM algorithm. A simpler iterative algorithm is proposed to lower the amount of calculation and storage in each iteration. Three patches of the basic LASM algorithm are proposed to avoid local optimization, kick out bad nodes and deal with node variation. Simulation results show that the computational and communication complexity are almost constant despite the increase of the scale of the network. The time consumption has also been proven to remain almost constant since the calculation steps are almost unrelated to the scale of the network.
The actual geographical environment affects the performance a lot when executing a localization algorithm in wireless sensor networks. This dissertation takes this into consideration, analyze nodes’RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) measuring errors, and then propose related methods to handle them when running a localization algorithm. This dissertation pays attention to the parameter error of RSSI theoretical model and the obstacle error between neighbor nodes. Based on the analysis of the two mentioned errors, this dissertation proposes an online parameter modification method for RSSI theoretical model and another method to reduce the effect of those small obstacles. It shows by both theoretical analysis and simulations that this method can get low localization errors when the size of obstacles is small.
This dissertation proposes an application of the above localization algorithm: location aware energy efficient heard node selection algorithm in wireless sensor networks. In this algorithm, three aspects are taken into consideration: the candidate head node’s single residual energy, the total energy spent in the network if this candidate head node is chosen, and the quality of balance of the residual nodes’energy. To adapt the actual sensor nodes with limited memory and computing capacity, a simplified model is also introduced. Simulation results show that this new head node selection algorithm can achieve balanced energy consumption and greatly prolong the life time of the network.
To verify the performance of localization algorithm and network communication, this dissertation designs and implements a prototype of wireless sensor network localization system. The network is constituted by common sensor nodes and iPhones/iPod Touches. The common sensor nodes are used to collect data and run the localization algorithm. The iPhones are used to send tasks to the common sensor network, get location data and display them. The experiment result shows the high network communication ability, high localization accuracy and low complexity.
引文
[Akyildiz I. et al. 2002] I. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramanian, E. Cayirci, Wireless sensor networks: a survey [J]. Computer Networks 2002; 38: 393–422.
[Alsindi N. and Pahlavan K. 2008] Nayef Alsindi and Kaveh Pahlavan. Cooperative localization bounds for indoor ultra-wideband wireless sensor networks [J]. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, 2008, Article ID 852509, 1-13
[Apple. 2009] http://www.apple.com/iphone
[Baggio A. and Langendoen K. 2008] Baggio A., Langendoen K. Monte Carlo localization for mobile wireless sensor networks[J]. Ad Hoc Networks, 2008, 6 (5): 718-733.
[Bahl P. and Padmanabhan V. 2000] Bahl P, Padmanabhan V N. RADAR: An in-building RF-based user location and tracking system [C]. In: Proc of INFOCOM’2000, Tel Aviv, Israel. 2000, Vol.2: 775-784
[Boukerche A. et al. 2008] A Boukerche, H Oliveira, E Nakamura, et al. Secure localization algorithms for wireless sensor networks [J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2008:96-101
[Boukerche A. et al. 2008] A Boukerche, HABF Oliveira, EF Nakamura, et al. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A New Challenge for Localization-Based Systems
[J]. Computer Communications, 2008, 31: 2838–2849
[Bruck J. et al. 2009] J Bruck, J Gao, AA Jiang. Localization and routing in sensor networks by local angle information [J]. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2009, 5(1) Article 7
[Cesare A. Giovanni V. 2006] Cesare Alippi, Giovanni Vanini.A RSSI-based and calibrated centralized localization technique for Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOMW’06). 2006
[Cevher V. and Kaplan L. 2009] Cevher, V. and Kaplan, L. M. 2009. Acoustic sensor network design for position estimation [J]. ACM Transactions on sensor networks, 2009, 5(3), Article 21 (May 2009), 28 pages.
[Chen W. 2006] Wenping Chen, Cooperative Limiting Localization Schemes for Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. Proceedings of the First International Conferenceon Innovative Computing, Information and Control (ICICIC'06). 2006
[Chen W. et al. 2006] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Max Q.-H. Meng, et al. A localization algorithm based on discrete imprecision range measurement in wireless sensor networks [C]. In: Proc of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition(ICIA), August 2006, Weihai, Shandong, China. ICIA06: 644-648
[Chen W. et al. 2007] Wanming Chen, Huawei Liang, Tao Mei, et al. Design and implementation of wireless sensor network for robot navigation [J]. International Journal of Information Acquisition, 2007, 4(1): 77-89
[Chen W. et al. 2007] Wanming Chen, Max Q.-H. Meng, Shuai Li, et al. Energy efficient head node selection algorithm in wireless sensor networks [C]. In: Proc of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics(ROBIO), December 2007, Sanya, China. ROBIO07: 1366-1371
[Chen W. et al. 2007] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Huawei Liang, et al. Environment-map-free robot navigation based on wireless sensor networks [C]. In: Proc of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition(ICIA), July 2007, Jeju City, Korea. ICIA07: 569-573
[Chen W. et al. 2007] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Yangming Li, et al. An auto-adaptive routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks [C]. In: Proc of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition(ICIA), July 2007, Jeju City, Korea. ICIA07: 574-578
[Chen W. et al. 2008] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Lei Sun, et al. Error analyzing for RSSI-based localization in wireless sensor networks [C]. The 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation(WCICA'08). June, 2008, Chongqing, China. WCICA08:2701-2706
[Chen W. et al. 2008] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Max Q.-H. Meng, et al. Localization algorithm based on a spring model (LASM) for large scale wireless sensor networks [J]. Sensors, 2008, 8(3), 1797-1818
[Chen W. et al. 2008] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Yumei Liu, et al. Dynamic Event Data aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. 2008 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation(ICMA), August, 2008, Kagawa, Japan. ICMA08: 43-48
[Chow K. et al. 2009] KY Chow, KS Lui, EY Lam. Wireless sensor networks scheduling for full angle coverage [J]. Multidimensional Systems and SignalProcessing, 2009, 20:101–119
[Crosby G. et al. 2006] Garth V. Crosby, Niki Pissinou, James Gadze. A Framework for Trust-based Cluster Head Election in Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. The Second IEEE Workshop on Dependability and Security in Sensor Networks and Systems (DSSNS’06). FL, USA. April 2006
[Cullar D. et al. 2004] D.Cullar,D.Estrin,M.Strvastava. Overview of sensor network [J]. Computer, 2004, 37(8):41-49
[Deng Z. et al. 2007] Deng, Z.; Fang, H.; Dong, Y.; Tao, J. Research on wheel-walking motion control of lunar rover with six cylinder-conical wheels
[C]. IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation 2007, Harbin, China, 388-392.
[Ekici E. et al. 2008] E Ekici, S Vural, J McNair, D Al-Abri. Secure probabilistic location verification in randomly deployed wireless sensor networks [J]. Ad Hoc Networks. 2008, 6: 195–209
[EZ210] http://www.easinet.cn/cn/products.htm
[Flammini A. et al. 2006] A. Flammini, D. Marioli, G. Mazzoleni,et al. Received Signal Strength Characterization for Wireless Sensor Networking[C]. IMTC 2006 Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference. Sorrento, Italy 24-27 April 2006. 207-211
[Friedman L. et al. 2006] Friedman, L.; Huntress,W. Proposal for an International Lunar Decade [C]. 36th COSPAR Scientific Assembly 2006, Beijing, China, 2006.
[Galstyan A. et al. 2004] A. Galstyan, B. Krishnamachari, K. Lerman, S. Pattem, Distributed online localization in sensor networks using a moving target [C]. In: Third International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN), Berkeley, California, USA, April 2004, pp. 61–70.
[Gaonkar S. et al. 2008] S Gaonkar, J Li, RR Choudhury, L Cox. Micro-Blog: sharing and querying content through mobile phones and social participation [C]. Proceeding of the 6th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services. Breckenridge, CO, 2008:174-186
[Girod L. and Estrin D. 2001] Girod L, Estrin D. Robust range estimation using acoustic and multimodal sensing [C]. In: Proc. of the IEEE/RSJ Int’l Conf. on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 01). Vol.3, Maui: IEEE Robotics and Automation Society, 2001.
[Girod L. et al. 2002] Girod L, Bychovskiy V, Elson J et al. Locating tiny sensors in time and space: A case study [C]. In: Werner B, ed. Proc. of the 2002 IEEE Int’l Conf. on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers and Processors. Freiburg: IEEE Computer Society, 2002. 214?219.
[Harter A. et al. 1999] Harter A, Hopper A, Steggles P et al. The anatomy of a context-aware application [C]. In: Proc. of the 5th Annual ACM/IEEE Int’l Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking. Seattle: ACM Press, 1999. 59?68.
[He T. et al. 2003] He, T.; Huang, C.; Lum, B.; Stankovic, J.; delzaher, T. Range-free localization schemes for large scale sensor networks [C]. In Proc. ACM MobiCom 2003, San Diego, CA, Sep. 2003; pp. 81–95.
[Heiken G. et al. 1991] Heiken,G.; Vaniman, D.; French, B. Lunar Sourcebook: A User's Guide to the Moon [M]. Cambridge Univ Press, 1991.
[Heinzelman W. et al. 2000] W.R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, H. Balakrishnan. Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Micro-sensor Networks [C]. International Conference on System Science, Maui, Hawaii, 2000.
[Hill J. 2003] J. Hill, System Architecture for Wireless Sensor Networks, Ph.D. Thesis, UC Berkeley, 2003.
[Hill J. et al. 2000] J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, A. Woo, S. Hollar, D. Culler and K. Pister. System Architecture Directions for Networked Sensors [C]. 9th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems(ASPLOS2000).
[Hu L. and Evans D. 2004] L. Hu, D. Evans, Localization for mobile sensor networks [C], in: Tenth International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom’04), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, September 2004, pp. 45–57.
[Hu W. et al. 2009] W Hu, N Bulusu, CT Chou, S Jha, A Taylor. Design and Evaluation of a Hybrid Sensor Network for Cane Toad Monitoring [J]. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2009, 5(1), Article 4, Publication date: February 2009.
[Huang J. et al. 2005] J.H. Huang, S. Amjad, S. Mishra. CenWits: A sensor-based loosely coupled search and rescue system using witnesses [C]. In: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (Sensys), San Diego, CA, 2005.
[Intanagonwiwat C. et al. 2000] C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan, D. Estrin. Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensornetworks [C]. ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom 2000), 2000: 56-67
[Jourdan D. et al. 2008] DB Jourdan, D Dardari, MZ Win. Position error bound for UWB localization in dense cluttered environments [J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEM, 2008, 44(2): 613-628
[Kaemarungsi K. 2006] Kaemarungsi K. Distribution of WLAN Received Signal Strength Indication for Indoor Location Determ ination [J]. Wireless Pervasive Computing, 2006.
[Karaki J. and Kamal A. 2004] JN Al-Karaki, AE Kamal. Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey [J]. IEEE Wireless Communications, 2004, 11(6):6-28
[Kennedy J. 1997] J. Kennedy. The particle swarm: Social adaptation of knowledge
[C]. IEEE Int. Conf. Evol. Comput., Apr. 1997: 303–308
[Khajehnouri N. et al. 2007] Khajehnouri, N.; Sayed, A. Distributed MMSE relay strategies for wireless sensor networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 2007, 55, 3336-3348.
[Lai X. et al. 2007] Lai, X.Z.; Yang S.X.; Zeng G.X.; She, J.H.; Wu, M. New distributed positioning algorithm based on centroid of circular belt for wireless sensor networks [J]. International Journal of Automation and Computing 2007, 4, 315-324.
[Lee H. et al. 2006] Lee HS, Kim KT, Youn HY. A new cluster head selection scheme for long lifetime of wireless sensor networks [C]. Lecture Notes In Computer Science 3983. 2006: 519-528
[Li M. and Liu Y. 2009] Li, M. and Liu, Y. Underground coal mine monitoring with wireless sensor networks [J]. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2009, 5(2), Article 10, 29 pages
[Liu C. et al. 2007] Chong Liu, Kui Wu, Jian Pei. An Energy-Efficient Data Collection Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks by Exploiting Spatiotemporal Correlation [J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2007, Vol. 18, NO. 7: 1010-1023
[Liu D. et al. 2008] D Liu, P Ning, A Liu, et al. Attack-Resistant Location Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks [J]. ACM Transactions on Information and Systems Security, 2008, 11(4) Article 22
[Liu P. and Ding N. 2005] Liu, P.X.; Ding, N. Data gathering and communication forwireless sensor networks-a centralized approach [J]. International Journal of Information Acquisition 2005, 2, 267-278.
[Liu P. and Liu Y. 2004] Liu, P.X.; Liu, Y. A two-hop energy-efficient mesh protocol for wireless sensor networks [J]. International Journal of Information Acquisition 2004, 1, 237-247.
[Luo H. et al. 2003] Haiyun Luo, Fan Ye, Jerry Cheng, Songwu Lu, Lixia Zhang. TTDD: Two-tier Data Dissemination in Large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks
[J]. ACM Journal of Mobile Networks and Applications (MONET), Special Issue on Mobicom 2003
[Ma J. et al. 2007] Jian Ma, Min Gao, Qian Zhang, et al. Energy-Efficient Localized Topology Control Algorithms in IEEE 802.15.4-Based Sensor Networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2007, Vol. 18, NO. 5: 711-720
[Mainwaring A. et al. 2002] A. Mainwaring, J. Polastre, R. Szewcyk, D. Culler, et al.Wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring [C].Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications. WSNA '02, Atlanta GA, 2002
[Miao S. et al. 2007] Miao, S.F.; Liang, H.W.; Meng, M. Q.-H.; Chen, W.M.; Li, S. Design of wireless sensor networks nodes under lunar environment [J]. Transducer and Microsystem Technologies 2007, 26, 117-120.
[Mikko K. et al. 2006] Mikko Kohvakka, Jukka Suhonen, etc. transmission power based path loss metering for wireless sensor networks [C]. The 17th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC’06). 2006
[Munir S. et al. 2007] Munir S.A. Biao Ren, Weiwei Jiao, et al. Mobile Wireless Sensor Network: Architecture and Enabling Technologies for Ubiquitous Computing [C]. 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (AINAW'07), May 2007:113-120
[Niculescu D. and Nath B. 2001] D. Niculescu, and B. Nath, Ad hoc positioning system (APS) [C]. Globecom 2001, San Antonio, November, 2001.
[Niculescu D. and Nath B. 2003] Niculescu D, Nath B. Ad hoc positioning system (APS) using AoA [C]. In: Proc. of the IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Vol.3, San Francisco: IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, 2003.
[Niculescu D. and Nath B. 2003] Niculescu, D.; Nath, B. DV based positioning in ad hoc networks [J]. Telecommunication Systems 2003, 22, 267-280.
[Parker T. and Langendoen K. 2004] T. Parker, K. Langendoen, Refined statistic-based localization for ad-hoc sensor networks [C]. In: 47th IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks Workshop, November 2004.
[Pathirana P. et al. 2005] P.N. Pathirana, N. Bulusu, A.V. Savkin, S.K. Jha, Node localization using mobile robots in delay-tolerant sensor networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 4 (3) (2005) 285–296, May–June.
[Peng R. et al. 2004] R. Peng, M.L. Sichitiu, Localization of wireless sensor networks with a mobile beacon [C], in: First IEEE Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Systems (MASS 2004), Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA, October 2004.
[Priyantha N. 2001] NB Priyantha, AKL Miu, H Balakrishnan, et al. The Cricket Compass for Context-Aware Mobile Applications, Power Point Presentation [C], 7th ACM Conference Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM), Jul. 2001, pp. 1-14, Rome, Italy.
[Priyantha N. et al. 2005] N.B. Priyantha, H. Balakrishnan, E.D. Demaine, and S. Teller, Mobile-assisted localization in wireless sensor networks [C], in: INFOCOM 2005, Miami, FL, USA, March 2005.
[Rabacy J. et al. 2000] Rabacy JJ, Ammer MJ, da Silva et al. PicoRadio supports ad hoc ultra-low power wireless networking [J]. Computer, 2000,33(7):42-48.
[Saad C. et al. 2008] Clément Saad, Abderrahim Benslimane, Jean-Claude K?nig. AT-DIST: A Distributed Method for Localization with high accuracy in Sensor Networks [J]. International journal Studia Informatica Universalis, Special Issue on "Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks" 2008, 6(1)
[Santi P. 2005] Paolo Santi. Topology control in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks [J]. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 2005, 37(2)164-194
[Savarese C. et al. 2001] C. Savarese, J. Rabaey, and J. Beutel. Locationing in Distributed Ad-hoc Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pages 2037–2040, Salt Lake City, UT, May 2001
[Savarese C. et al. 2002] Savarese, C.; Rabaey, J.; Langendoen, K. Robust positioning algorithms for distributed ad hoc wireless sensor networks [C]. in: Proceedings of General Track: 2002. USENIX Annual Technical Conference, 2002, 317–327.
[Savvides A. et al. 2001] Savvides, A.; Han, C.C.; Srivastava, M. Dynamicfine-grained localization in ad hoc networks of sensors [C]. Proc. ACM/IEEE Int’l Conf. Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICON), July 2001.
[Shang Y. and Ruml W. 2004] Shang, Y.; Ruml, W. Improved MDS-based localization [C]. In INFOCOM 2004. pp.2640-2651
[Shang Y. et al. 2003] Shang, Y.; Ruml, W.; Zhang, K.; Fromherz, M. Localization from mere connectivity [C]. In ACM MobiHoc 2003, Annapolis, MD, June 2003, 201-212.
[Shang Y. et al. 2004] Shang, Y.; Ruml, W.; Zhang, Y.; Fromherz, M. Localization from connectivity in sensor networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 2004, 15, 961-974.
[Shi Y. 2004] Y. Shi. Feature article on particle swarm optimization [J]. IEEE Neural Network Society, Feature Article, Feb. 2004: 8–13
[Sim K. et al., 2003] K. M. Sim, W. H. Sun.“Ant colony optimization for routing and load-balancing: survey and new directions [J],”IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A 2003, 33(5): 560-572
[Sit T. et al. 2007] Sit, T.; Liu, Z.; Jr, M.H.; Seah, W. Multi-robot mobility enhanced hop-count based localization in ad hoc networks [J]. Robotics and Autonomous Systems 2007, 55, 244–252.
[Ssu K. et al. 2005] K.-F. Ssu, C.-H. Ou, H.C. Jiau, Localization with mobile anchor points in wireless sensor networks [J], IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (May) (2005) 1187–1197.
[Subramanian A. et al. 2008] Subramanian A.P., Deshpande P., Jie Gaojgao, Das S.R. Drive-by localization of roadside WiFi networks [J]. The 27th IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM08). April 2008:718- 725
[Sun K. et al. 2006] Kun Sun, Pai Peng, Peng Ning. Secure Distributed Cluster Formation in Wireless Sensor Networks [J]. 22nd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC'06), FL, USA. Dec. 2006: 131 - 140
[Sun L. et al. 2005] Sun Limin, Li Jianzhong, Chen Yu. Wireless Sensor Networks[M]. Tsinghua University Press. 2005.5. In Chinese.
[Szu H. 2004] Szu, H. Geometric topology for information acquisition by means of smart sensor web [J]. International Journal of Information Acquisition 2004, 1, 1-22.
[Tay J. et al. 2006] J Tay, V Chandrasekhar, WKG Seah. Selective Iterative Multilateration for Hop Count Based Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks
[C]. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mobile Data Management. (MDM'06). 2006
[Tran D. and Nguyen T. 2008] DA Tran, T Nguyen. Localization in wireless sensor networks based on support vector machines [J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2008, 19(7): 981-994
[Vasilescu I. et al. 2005] I. Vasilescu, K. Kotay, D. Rus, et al. Data collection, storage, retrieval with an underwater sensor network [C]. in: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (Sensys), San Diego, CA, 2005.
[Vivekanandan V. Wong V. 2007] Vivekanandan, V.; Wong, V. Concentric anchor beacon localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2007, 56, 2733-2744.
[Wang S. et al. 2007] Wang, S.; Shih, K.; Chang, C. Distributed direction-based localization in wireless sensor networks [J]. Computer Communications 2007, 30, 1424-1439.
[Wang X. et al. 2007] Wang, X.; Bi, D. W.; Ding, L.; Wang, S. Agent collaborative target localization and classification in wireless sensor networks [J]. Sensors 2007, 7, 1359-1386.
[Wang X. et al. 2007] Wang, X.; Ma, J.; Wang, S.; Bi, D. Cluster-based dynamic energy management for collaborative target tracking in wireless sensor networks [J]. Sensors 2007, 7, 1193-1215.
[Wang X. et al. 2007] Wang, X.; Wang, S. Collaborative signal processing for target tracking in distributed wireless sensor networks[J]. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 2007, 67, 501-515.
[Wang X. et al. 2007] Wang, X.; Wang, S.; Ma, J. An improved particle filter for target tracking in sensor system [J]. Sensors 2007, 7, 144-156.
[Wang Y. et al. 2008] YC Wang, CC Hu, YC Tseng. Efficient placement and dispatch of sensors in a wireless sensor network [J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING, 2008, 7(2):262-274
[Wong S. et al. 2005] Sau Yee Wong, Joo Ghee Lim, SV Rao, et al. Density-Aware Hop-Count Localization (DHL) in Wireless Sensor Networks with Variable Density[C]. IEEE Communications Society / WCNC 2005. 2005, 1848-1853
[Wong S. et al. 2005] Wong, S.Y.; Lim, J.G.; Rao, S.V.; Seah, W.K.G. Hop-count localization with density and path length awareness in non-uniform wirelesssensor networks [C]. in: Proceedings of IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference 2005, 13–17 March 2005, New Orleans, LA, USA, 2005.
[Wu H. et al. 2006] H. Wu, Z. Ren and W. Guo.“A MPR-flooding-based On-demand routing algorithm in wireless sensor networks [C],”Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, Luoyang, China, June 25 - 28, 2006 pp.1937-1941
[Xbow] https://www.xbow.com/Products/productdetails.aspx?sid=164
[Xia F. et al. 2007] F Xia, YC Tian, Y Li, Y Sun. Wireless sensor/actuator network design for mobile control applications [J]. Sensors, 2007, 7(10): 2157-2173
[Xu Y. and Qi H. 2008] Y Xu, H Qi. Mobile agent migration modeling and design for target tracking in wireless sensor networks [J]. Ad Hoc Networks, 2008, 6: 1–16
[Yick J. et al. 2008] J Yick, B Mukherjee, D Ghosal. Wireless sensor network survey [J]. Computer Networks. 2008, 52: 2292–2330
[Yu Y. et al. 2001] Yu, Y; Govindan, R.; Estrin D. Geographical and energy aware routing: a recursive data dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks [C]. UCLA Computer Science Department Technical Report 2001, UCLA-CSD-TR-01-0023.
[Zhang Y. et al. 2006] Y. Zhang and M. Fromherz.“Constrained flooding: a robust and efficient routing framework for wireless sensor networks [C],”Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA), 2006.
[Zhou Z. et al. 2008] Z Zhou, JH Cui, A Bagtzoglou. Scalable localization with mobility prediction for underwater sensor networks [C]. The 27th IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM08). April 2008: 2198– 2206
[陈万明等. 2007]陈万明,梅涛,孟庆虎,等.无线传感器网络的一种人工势场模型及其定位算法[J].传感技术学报, 2007, 20(8): 1835-1839
[陈万明等. 2007]陈万明,梅涛,孟庆虎,等.无线传感器网络中一种基于多维定标的迭代定位算法[J].传感技术学报, 2007, 20(5): 1124-1128
[郭庆磊. 2008]郭庆磊.基于SOS内核的无线传感器网络节点操作系统设计[D].中国科学技术大学, 2008
[梁华为. 2007]梁华为.基于无线传感器网络的移动机器人导航方法与系统研究[D].中国科学技术大学, 2007
[缪仕福. 2007]缪仕福.基于CC2431的无线传感器网络节点的研制[D].中国科学技术大学, 2007
[孙利民等. 2005]孙利民,李建中,陈渝等,无线传感器网络[M],清华大学出版社,2005.5,148-154
[Alsindi N. and Pahlavan K. 2008] Nayef Alsindi and Kaveh Pahlavan. Cooperative localization bounds for indoor ultra-wideband wireless sensor networks [J]. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, 2008, Article ID 852509, 1-13
[Apple. 2009] http://www.apple.com/iphone
[Baggio A. and Langendoen K. 2008] Baggio A., Langendoen K. Monte Carlo localization for mobile wireless sensor networks[J]. Ad Hoc Networks, 2008, 6 (5): 718-733.
[Bahl P. and Padmanabhan V. 2000] Bahl P, Padmanabhan V N. RADAR: An in-building RF-based user location and tracking system [C]. In: Proc of INFOCOM’2000, Tel Aviv, Israel. 2000, Vol.2: 775-784
[Boukerche A. et al. 2008] A Boukerche, H Oliveira, E Nakamura, et al. Secure localization algorithms for wireless sensor networks [J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2008:96-101
[Boukerche A. et al. 2008] A Boukerche, HABF Oliveira, EF Nakamura, et al. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A New Challenge for Localization-Based Systems
[J]. Computer Communications, 2008, 31: 2838–2849
[Bruck J. et al. 2009] J Bruck, J Gao, AA Jiang. Localization and routing in sensor networks by local angle information [J]. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2009, 5(1) Article 7
[Cesare A. Giovanni V. 2006] Cesare Alippi, Giovanni Vanini.A RSSI-based and calibrated centralized localization technique for Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOMW’06). 2006
[Cevher V. and Kaplan L. 2009] Cevher, V. and Kaplan, L. M. 2009. Acoustic sensor network design for position estimation [J]. ACM Transactions on sensor networks, 2009, 5(3), Article 21 (May 2009), 28 pages.
[Chen W. 2006] Wenping Chen, Cooperative Limiting Localization Schemes for Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. Proceedings of the First International Conferenceon Innovative Computing, Information and Control (ICICIC'06). 2006
[Chen W. et al. 2006] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Max Q.-H. Meng, et al. A localization algorithm based on discrete imprecision range measurement in wireless sensor networks [C]. In: Proc of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition(ICIA), August 2006, Weihai, Shandong, China. ICIA06: 644-648
[Chen W. et al. 2007] Wanming Chen, Huawei Liang, Tao Mei, et al. Design and implementation of wireless sensor network for robot navigation [J]. International Journal of Information Acquisition, 2007, 4(1): 77-89
[Chen W. et al. 2007] Wanming Chen, Max Q.-H. Meng, Shuai Li, et al. Energy efficient head node selection algorithm in wireless sensor networks [C]. In: Proc of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics(ROBIO), December 2007, Sanya, China. ROBIO07: 1366-1371
[Chen W. et al. 2007] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Huawei Liang, et al. Environment-map-free robot navigation based on wireless sensor networks [C]. In: Proc of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition(ICIA), July 2007, Jeju City, Korea. ICIA07: 569-573
[Chen W. et al. 2007] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Yangming Li, et al. An auto-adaptive routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks [C]. In: Proc of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition(ICIA), July 2007, Jeju City, Korea. ICIA07: 574-578
[Chen W. et al. 2008] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Lei Sun, et al. Error analyzing for RSSI-based localization in wireless sensor networks [C]. The 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation(WCICA'08). June, 2008, Chongqing, China. WCICA08:2701-2706
[Chen W. et al. 2008] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Max Q.-H. Meng, et al. Localization algorithm based on a spring model (LASM) for large scale wireless sensor networks [J]. Sensors, 2008, 8(3), 1797-1818
[Chen W. et al. 2008] Wanming Chen, Tao Mei, Yumei Liu, et al. Dynamic Event Data aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. 2008 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation(ICMA), August, 2008, Kagawa, Japan. ICMA08: 43-48
[Chow K. et al. 2009] KY Chow, KS Lui, EY Lam. Wireless sensor networks scheduling for full angle coverage [J]. Multidimensional Systems and SignalProcessing, 2009, 20:101–119
[Crosby G. et al. 2006] Garth V. Crosby, Niki Pissinou, James Gadze. A Framework for Trust-based Cluster Head Election in Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. The Second IEEE Workshop on Dependability and Security in Sensor Networks and Systems (DSSNS’06). FL, USA. April 2006
[Cullar D. et al. 2004] D.Cullar,D.Estrin,M.Strvastava. Overview of sensor network [J]. Computer, 2004, 37(8):41-49
[Deng Z. et al. 2007] Deng, Z.; Fang, H.; Dong, Y.; Tao, J. Research on wheel-walking motion control of lunar rover with six cylinder-conical wheels
[C]. IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation 2007, Harbin, China, 388-392.
[Ekici E. et al. 2008] E Ekici, S Vural, J McNair, D Al-Abri. Secure probabilistic location verification in randomly deployed wireless sensor networks [J]. Ad Hoc Networks. 2008, 6: 195–209
[EZ210] http://www.easinet.cn/cn/products.htm
[Flammini A. et al. 2006] A. Flammini, D. Marioli, G. Mazzoleni,et al. Received Signal Strength Characterization for Wireless Sensor Networking[C]. IMTC 2006 Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference. Sorrento, Italy 24-27 April 2006. 207-211
[Friedman L. et al. 2006] Friedman, L.; Huntress,W. Proposal for an International Lunar Decade [C]. 36th COSPAR Scientific Assembly 2006, Beijing, China, 2006.
[Galstyan A. et al. 2004] A. Galstyan, B. Krishnamachari, K. Lerman, S. Pattem, Distributed online localization in sensor networks using a moving target [C]. In: Third International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN), Berkeley, California, USA, April 2004, pp. 61–70.
[Gaonkar S. et al. 2008] S Gaonkar, J Li, RR Choudhury, L Cox. Micro-Blog: sharing and querying content through mobile phones and social participation [C]. Proceeding of the 6th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services. Breckenridge, CO, 2008:174-186
[Girod L. and Estrin D. 2001] Girod L, Estrin D. Robust range estimation using acoustic and multimodal sensing [C]. In: Proc. of the IEEE/RSJ Int’l Conf. on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 01). Vol.3, Maui: IEEE Robotics and Automation Society, 2001.
[Girod L. et al. 2002] Girod L, Bychovskiy V, Elson J et al. Locating tiny sensors in time and space: A case study [C]. In: Werner B, ed. Proc. of the 2002 IEEE Int’l Conf. on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers and Processors. Freiburg: IEEE Computer Society, 2002. 214?219.
[Harter A. et al. 1999] Harter A, Hopper A, Steggles P et al. The anatomy of a context-aware application [C]. In: Proc. of the 5th Annual ACM/IEEE Int’l Conf. on Mobile Computing and Networking. Seattle: ACM Press, 1999. 59?68.
[He T. et al. 2003] He, T.; Huang, C.; Lum, B.; Stankovic, J.; delzaher, T. Range-free localization schemes for large scale sensor networks [C]. In Proc. ACM MobiCom 2003, San Diego, CA, Sep. 2003; pp. 81–95.
[Heiken G. et al. 1991] Heiken,G.; Vaniman, D.; French, B. Lunar Sourcebook: A User's Guide to the Moon [M]. Cambridge Univ Press, 1991.
[Heinzelman W. et al. 2000] W.R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, H. Balakrishnan. Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Micro-sensor Networks [C]. International Conference on System Science, Maui, Hawaii, 2000.
[Hill J. 2003] J. Hill, System Architecture for Wireless Sensor Networks, Ph.D. Thesis, UC Berkeley, 2003.
[Hill J. et al. 2000] J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, A. Woo, S. Hollar, D. Culler and K. Pister. System Architecture Directions for Networked Sensors [C]. 9th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems(ASPLOS2000).
[Hu L. and Evans D. 2004] L. Hu, D. Evans, Localization for mobile sensor networks [C], in: Tenth International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom’04), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, September 2004, pp. 45–57.
[Hu W. et al. 2009] W Hu, N Bulusu, CT Chou, S Jha, A Taylor. Design and Evaluation of a Hybrid Sensor Network for Cane Toad Monitoring [J]. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2009, 5(1), Article 4, Publication date: February 2009.
[Huang J. et al. 2005] J.H. Huang, S. Amjad, S. Mishra. CenWits: A sensor-based loosely coupled search and rescue system using witnesses [C]. In: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (Sensys), San Diego, CA, 2005.
[Intanagonwiwat C. et al. 2000] C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan, D. Estrin. Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensornetworks [C]. ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom 2000), 2000: 56-67
[Jourdan D. et al. 2008] DB Jourdan, D Dardari, MZ Win. Position error bound for UWB localization in dense cluttered environments [J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEM, 2008, 44(2): 613-628
[Kaemarungsi K. 2006] Kaemarungsi K. Distribution of WLAN Received Signal Strength Indication for Indoor Location Determ ination [J]. Wireless Pervasive Computing, 2006.
[Karaki J. and Kamal A. 2004] JN Al-Karaki, AE Kamal. Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey [J]. IEEE Wireless Communications, 2004, 11(6):6-28
[Kennedy J. 1997] J. Kennedy. The particle swarm: Social adaptation of knowledge
[C]. IEEE Int. Conf. Evol. Comput., Apr. 1997: 303–308
[Khajehnouri N. et al. 2007] Khajehnouri, N.; Sayed, A. Distributed MMSE relay strategies for wireless sensor networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 2007, 55, 3336-3348.
[Lai X. et al. 2007] Lai, X.Z.; Yang S.X.; Zeng G.X.; She, J.H.; Wu, M. New distributed positioning algorithm based on centroid of circular belt for wireless sensor networks [J]. International Journal of Automation and Computing 2007, 4, 315-324.
[Lee H. et al. 2006] Lee HS, Kim KT, Youn HY. A new cluster head selection scheme for long lifetime of wireless sensor networks [C]. Lecture Notes In Computer Science 3983. 2006: 519-528
[Li M. and Liu Y. 2009] Li, M. and Liu, Y. Underground coal mine monitoring with wireless sensor networks [J]. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 2009, 5(2), Article 10, 29 pages
[Liu C. et al. 2007] Chong Liu, Kui Wu, Jian Pei. An Energy-Efficient Data Collection Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks by Exploiting Spatiotemporal Correlation [J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2007, Vol. 18, NO. 7: 1010-1023
[Liu D. et al. 2008] D Liu, P Ning, A Liu, et al. Attack-Resistant Location Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks [J]. ACM Transactions on Information and Systems Security, 2008, 11(4) Article 22
[Liu P. and Ding N. 2005] Liu, P.X.; Ding, N. Data gathering and communication forwireless sensor networks-a centralized approach [J]. International Journal of Information Acquisition 2005, 2, 267-278.
[Liu P. and Liu Y. 2004] Liu, P.X.; Liu, Y. A two-hop energy-efficient mesh protocol for wireless sensor networks [J]. International Journal of Information Acquisition 2004, 1, 237-247.
[Luo H. et al. 2003] Haiyun Luo, Fan Ye, Jerry Cheng, Songwu Lu, Lixia Zhang. TTDD: Two-tier Data Dissemination in Large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks
[J]. ACM Journal of Mobile Networks and Applications (MONET), Special Issue on Mobicom 2003
[Ma J. et al. 2007] Jian Ma, Min Gao, Qian Zhang, et al. Energy-Efficient Localized Topology Control Algorithms in IEEE 802.15.4-Based Sensor Networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2007, Vol. 18, NO. 5: 711-720
[Mainwaring A. et al. 2002] A. Mainwaring, J. Polastre, R. Szewcyk, D. Culler, et al.Wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring [C].Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications. WSNA '02, Atlanta GA, 2002
[Miao S. et al. 2007] Miao, S.F.; Liang, H.W.; Meng, M. Q.-H.; Chen, W.M.; Li, S. Design of wireless sensor networks nodes under lunar environment [J]. Transducer and Microsystem Technologies 2007, 26, 117-120.
[Mikko K. et al. 2006] Mikko Kohvakka, Jukka Suhonen, etc. transmission power based path loss metering for wireless sensor networks [C]. The 17th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC’06). 2006
[Munir S. et al. 2007] Munir S.A. Biao Ren, Weiwei Jiao, et al. Mobile Wireless Sensor Network: Architecture and Enabling Technologies for Ubiquitous Computing [C]. 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (AINAW'07), May 2007:113-120
[Niculescu D. and Nath B. 2001] D. Niculescu, and B. Nath, Ad hoc positioning system (APS) [C]. Globecom 2001, San Antonio, November, 2001.
[Niculescu D. and Nath B. 2003] Niculescu D, Nath B. Ad hoc positioning system (APS) using AoA [C]. In: Proc. of the IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Vol.3, San Francisco: IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, 2003.
[Niculescu D. and Nath B. 2003] Niculescu, D.; Nath, B. DV based positioning in ad hoc networks [J]. Telecommunication Systems 2003, 22, 267-280.
[Parker T. and Langendoen K. 2004] T. Parker, K. Langendoen, Refined statistic-based localization for ad-hoc sensor networks [C]. In: 47th IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks Workshop, November 2004.
[Pathirana P. et al. 2005] P.N. Pathirana, N. Bulusu, A.V. Savkin, S.K. Jha, Node localization using mobile robots in delay-tolerant sensor networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 4 (3) (2005) 285–296, May–June.
[Peng R. et al. 2004] R. Peng, M.L. Sichitiu, Localization of wireless sensor networks with a mobile beacon [C], in: First IEEE Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Systems (MASS 2004), Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA, October 2004.
[Priyantha N. 2001] NB Priyantha, AKL Miu, H Balakrishnan, et al. The Cricket Compass for Context-Aware Mobile Applications, Power Point Presentation [C], 7th ACM Conference Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM), Jul. 2001, pp. 1-14, Rome, Italy.
[Priyantha N. et al. 2005] N.B. Priyantha, H. Balakrishnan, E.D. Demaine, and S. Teller, Mobile-assisted localization in wireless sensor networks [C], in: INFOCOM 2005, Miami, FL, USA, March 2005.
[Rabacy J. et al. 2000] Rabacy JJ, Ammer MJ, da Silva et al. PicoRadio supports ad hoc ultra-low power wireless networking [J]. Computer, 2000,33(7):42-48.
[Saad C. et al. 2008] Clément Saad, Abderrahim Benslimane, Jean-Claude K?nig. AT-DIST: A Distributed Method for Localization with high accuracy in Sensor Networks [J]. International journal Studia Informatica Universalis, Special Issue on "Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks" 2008, 6(1)
[Santi P. 2005] Paolo Santi. Topology control in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks [J]. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 2005, 37(2)164-194
[Savarese C. et al. 2001] C. Savarese, J. Rabaey, and J. Beutel. Locationing in Distributed Ad-hoc Wireless Sensor Networks [C]. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pages 2037–2040, Salt Lake City, UT, May 2001
[Savarese C. et al. 2002] Savarese, C.; Rabaey, J.; Langendoen, K. Robust positioning algorithms for distributed ad hoc wireless sensor networks [C]. in: Proceedings of General Track: 2002. USENIX Annual Technical Conference, 2002, 317–327.
[Savvides A. et al. 2001] Savvides, A.; Han, C.C.; Srivastava, M. Dynamicfine-grained localization in ad hoc networks of sensors [C]. Proc. ACM/IEEE Int’l Conf. Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICON), July 2001.
[Shang Y. and Ruml W. 2004] Shang, Y.; Ruml, W. Improved MDS-based localization [C]. In INFOCOM 2004. pp.2640-2651
[Shang Y. et al. 2003] Shang, Y.; Ruml, W.; Zhang, K.; Fromherz, M. Localization from mere connectivity [C]. In ACM MobiHoc 2003, Annapolis, MD, June 2003, 201-212.
[Shang Y. et al. 2004] Shang, Y.; Ruml, W.; Zhang, Y.; Fromherz, M. Localization from connectivity in sensor networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 2004, 15, 961-974.
[Shi Y. 2004] Y. Shi. Feature article on particle swarm optimization [J]. IEEE Neural Network Society, Feature Article, Feb. 2004: 8–13
[Sim K. et al., 2003] K. M. Sim, W. H. Sun.“Ant colony optimization for routing and load-balancing: survey and new directions [J],”IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A 2003, 33(5): 560-572
[Sit T. et al. 2007] Sit, T.; Liu, Z.; Jr, M.H.; Seah, W. Multi-robot mobility enhanced hop-count based localization in ad hoc networks [J]. Robotics and Autonomous Systems 2007, 55, 244–252.
[Ssu K. et al. 2005] K.-F. Ssu, C.-H. Ou, H.C. Jiau, Localization with mobile anchor points in wireless sensor networks [J], IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (May) (2005) 1187–1197.
[Subramanian A. et al. 2008] Subramanian A.P., Deshpande P., Jie Gaojgao, Das S.R. Drive-by localization of roadside WiFi networks [J]. The 27th IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM08). April 2008:718- 725
[Sun K. et al. 2006] Kun Sun, Pai Peng, Peng Ning. Secure Distributed Cluster Formation in Wireless Sensor Networks [J]. 22nd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC'06), FL, USA. Dec. 2006: 131 - 140
[Sun L. et al. 2005] Sun Limin, Li Jianzhong, Chen Yu. Wireless Sensor Networks[M]. Tsinghua University Press. 2005.5. In Chinese.
[Szu H. 2004] Szu, H. Geometric topology for information acquisition by means of smart sensor web [J]. International Journal of Information Acquisition 2004, 1, 1-22.
[Tay J. et al. 2006] J Tay, V Chandrasekhar, WKG Seah. Selective Iterative Multilateration for Hop Count Based Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks
[C]. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mobile Data Management. (MDM'06). 2006
[Tran D. and Nguyen T. 2008] DA Tran, T Nguyen. Localization in wireless sensor networks based on support vector machines [J]. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2008, 19(7): 981-994
[Vasilescu I. et al. 2005] I. Vasilescu, K. Kotay, D. Rus, et al. Data collection, storage, retrieval with an underwater sensor network [C]. in: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (Sensys), San Diego, CA, 2005.
[Vivekanandan V. Wong V. 2007] Vivekanandan, V.; Wong, V. Concentric anchor beacon localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2007, 56, 2733-2744.
[Wang S. et al. 2007] Wang, S.; Shih, K.; Chang, C. Distributed direction-based localization in wireless sensor networks [J]. Computer Communications 2007, 30, 1424-1439.
[Wang X. et al. 2007] Wang, X.; Bi, D. W.; Ding, L.; Wang, S. Agent collaborative target localization and classification in wireless sensor networks [J]. Sensors 2007, 7, 1359-1386.
[Wang X. et al. 2007] Wang, X.; Ma, J.; Wang, S.; Bi, D. Cluster-based dynamic energy management for collaborative target tracking in wireless sensor networks [J]. Sensors 2007, 7, 1193-1215.
[Wang X. et al. 2007] Wang, X.; Wang, S. Collaborative signal processing for target tracking in distributed wireless sensor networks[J]. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 2007, 67, 501-515.
[Wang X. et al. 2007] Wang, X.; Wang, S.; Ma, J. An improved particle filter for target tracking in sensor system [J]. Sensors 2007, 7, 144-156.
[Wang Y. et al. 2008] YC Wang, CC Hu, YC Tseng. Efficient placement and dispatch of sensors in a wireless sensor network [J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING, 2008, 7(2):262-274
[Wong S. et al. 2005] Sau Yee Wong, Joo Ghee Lim, SV Rao, et al. Density-Aware Hop-Count Localization (DHL) in Wireless Sensor Networks with Variable Density[C]. IEEE Communications Society / WCNC 2005. 2005, 1848-1853
[Wong S. et al. 2005] Wong, S.Y.; Lim, J.G.; Rao, S.V.; Seah, W.K.G. Hop-count localization with density and path length awareness in non-uniform wirelesssensor networks [C]. in: Proceedings of IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference 2005, 13–17 March 2005, New Orleans, LA, USA, 2005.
[Wu H. et al. 2006] H. Wu, Z. Ren and W. Guo.“A MPR-flooding-based On-demand routing algorithm in wireless sensor networks [C],”Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, Luoyang, China, June 25 - 28, 2006 pp.1937-1941
[Xbow] https://www.xbow.com/Products/productdetails.aspx?sid=164
[Xia F. et al. 2007] F Xia, YC Tian, Y Li, Y Sun. Wireless sensor/actuator network design for mobile control applications [J]. Sensors, 2007, 7(10): 2157-2173
[Xu Y. and Qi H. 2008] Y Xu, H Qi. Mobile agent migration modeling and design for target tracking in wireless sensor networks [J]. Ad Hoc Networks, 2008, 6: 1–16
[Yick J. et al. 2008] J Yick, B Mukherjee, D Ghosal. Wireless sensor network survey [J]. Computer Networks. 2008, 52: 2292–2330
[Yu Y. et al. 2001] Yu, Y; Govindan, R.; Estrin D. Geographical and energy aware routing: a recursive data dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks [C]. UCLA Computer Science Department Technical Report 2001, UCLA-CSD-TR-01-0023.
[Zhang Y. et al. 2006] Y. Zhang and M. Fromherz.“Constrained flooding: a robust and efficient routing framework for wireless sensor networks [C],”Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA), 2006.
[Zhou Z. et al. 2008] Z Zhou, JH Cui, A Bagtzoglou. Scalable localization with mobility prediction for underwater sensor networks [C]. The 27th IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM08). April 2008: 2198– 2206
[陈万明等. 2007]陈万明,梅涛,孟庆虎,等.无线传感器网络的一种人工势场模型及其定位算法[J].传感技术学报, 2007, 20(8): 1835-1839
[陈万明等. 2007]陈万明,梅涛,孟庆虎,等.无线传感器网络中一种基于多维定标的迭代定位算法[J].传感技术学报, 2007, 20(5): 1124-1128
[郭庆磊. 2008]郭庆磊.基于SOS内核的无线传感器网络节点操作系统设计[D].中国科学技术大学, 2008
[梁华为. 2007]梁华为.基于无线传感器网络的移动机器人导航方法与系统研究[D].中国科学技术大学, 2007
[缪仕福. 2007]缪仕福.基于CC2431的无线传感器网络节点的研制[D].中国科学技术大学, 2007
[孙利民等. 2005]孙利民,李建中,陈渝等,无线传感器网络[M],清华大学出版社,2005.5,148-154