基于工业以太网的智能建筑监控系统研究与设计
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摘要
智能建筑是近三十年发展起来的新式概念建筑,以其绿色环保、自动化程度高等优点被全世界范围内广泛接受和支持。楼宇综合监控系统是智能建筑的核心部分,涵盖电力系统、空调系统、冷水机组、给排水系统、照明系统、火灾报警系统等监控。将所有监控子系统组合成一个综合监控系统,实现了分散监控与集中管理。本文基于智能建筑的基本理念,使用计算机技术和网络技术设计了大连理工计算机控制工程有限公司综合监控系统。
综合监控系统基于工业以太网,采用支持EPA通信协议的网络化控制器PEC8000作为采集和控制模块。综合监控系统包括六个主要部分：视频监控、电力监测、照明监控、电梯监测、电动门控制、生产线监测。视频监控系统包括云台监控、楼内监控、外门监控三个部分,将所有摄像头接入硬盘录像机(DVR),并通过千兆以太网将视频数据传至监控中心工作站,在人机界面中嵌入视频控件将监控画面实时显示出来。通过RS485接口将云台与PLC相连,根据云台控制协议编写了自由通信程序,实现了PLC对云台的视角控制与焦距控制。电力监测系统通过电流互感器和变压器采集63个回路的电流电压值,设计了调理电路将多路电流、电压、相位信号取样、放大、整流、滤波,转换为0-5V标准信号后传入PLC,计算有功功率、无功功率和视在功率。照明监控系统在所有18个照明回路内安装PLC, PLC输出通断信号,通过中间继电器控制交流接触器的通断,继而控制了照明回路的通断。电梯监测系统通过RS485接口将电梯通信模块与PLC相连,根据电梯监控协议开发了电梯状态监测软件。电动门控制系统使用了三个继电器作为通道切换开关,PLC给出控制信号切换开门、关门、停止三个状态。生产线监测系统包括印刷机、贴片机、回流焊、波峰焊、空压机、抽风机,直接读取所有机器内部PLC主要监控参数,并且通过以太网传送到监控中心,实现对生产线设备的远程监控。在工作站内开发了人机界面,实现了对以上六个子系统的监控。
最后,给出了综合监控系统的运行情况,包括视频监控及系统总体运行情况、电力系统运行情况、生产线运行情况。对电力监测部分列举了一天时间内若干时间段的电力参数,分析了电力参数变化的原因。
Intelligent building is the new concept building developed in the near three decades. Its green, high degree of automation has been widely accepted and supported worldwide. Building comprehensive monitoring system is the core of the intelligent building. It covers power system, air-conditioning system, chiller system, water supply and drainage system, lighting system, fire alarm system and so on. It combines all monitoring subsystems into a comprehensive monitoring system. It achieves decentralized control and centralized management. It designs Dalian Technology Computer Control Engineering Co., Ltd building comprehensive monitoring system through computer technology and network technology based on the basic concept of intelligent building.
Comprehensive monitoring system is based on the industrial Ethernet, and it uses network controller PEC8000 as collect and control module which supports EPA communication protocol. Comprehensive monitoring system consists of six main parts:video monitoring, power monitoring, lighting control, elevator monitoring, electric door control, production line monitoring. Video monitoring system includes three parts:PTZ monitoring, building monitoring, and outdoor monitoring. It accesses all cameras to the DVRs, and transmit video data to the monitoring center through Gigabit Ethernet。It embeds video controls into human-interface and displays the real-time monitoring images. It connects PTZ and PLC by RS485 interface, edits free communication program based on PTZ control protocol, and achieves perspective control and focus control from PLC to PTZ. Power monitoring system collects current and voltage of 63 circuits through current transformer and voltage transformer. It designs conditioning circuit which samples, amplifies, rectifies and filters multiple current, voltage, and phase signals. It converts current, voltage and phase signal to 0-5V standard signal and transfers into PLC and calculates current, voltage, power factor, active power, reactive power and apparent power. Lighting control system installs PLC in all 18 distribution rooms. PLC outputs on and off signals, controls AC contactor's by relay, and then controls the lighting circuit. Elevator monitoring system connects the elevator control module to PLC through the RS485 interface. In the elevator monitoring system, the elevator communication module is connected to the PLC via RS485 port. Elevator condition monitoring software is developed according to the elevator control protocol. Electric door control system uses three relays as the channel switch, and PLC gives control signal to switch three status of open, close, and stop. Production line monitoring system includes print machine, placement machine, reflow machine, wave soldering machine, air compressor machine, exhaust fan machine. It achieves directly all the main monitoring parameters of the machines via PLC, and sends to the monitoring center via Ethernet to achieve the remote monitoring of production line equipment. Human-interface is developed in the workstation and it achieves monitoring of six subsystems above.
Finally, it gives the operation status of the comprehensive monitoring system including video monitoring and overall system operation, power system operation, production line operation. It lists power parameters in a number of time periods within a day, and analysis the change of electrical parameters.
综合监控系统基于工业以太网,采用支持EPA通信协议的网络化控制器PEC8000作为采集和控制模块。综合监控系统包括六个主要部分：视频监控、电力监测、照明监控、电梯监测、电动门控制、生产线监测。视频监控系统包括云台监控、楼内监控、外门监控三个部分,将所有摄像头接入硬盘录像机(DVR),并通过千兆以太网将视频数据传至监控中心工作站,在人机界面中嵌入视频控件将监控画面实时显示出来。通过RS485接口将云台与PLC相连,根据云台控制协议编写了自由通信程序,实现了PLC对云台的视角控制与焦距控制。电力监测系统通过电流互感器和变压器采集63个回路的电流电压值,设计了调理电路将多路电流、电压、相位信号取样、放大、整流、滤波,转换为0-5V标准信号后传入PLC,计算有功功率、无功功率和视在功率。照明监控系统在所有18个照明回路内安装PLC, PLC输出通断信号,通过中间继电器控制交流接触器的通断,继而控制了照明回路的通断。电梯监测系统通过RS485接口将电梯通信模块与PLC相连,根据电梯监控协议开发了电梯状态监测软件。电动门控制系统使用了三个继电器作为通道切换开关,PLC给出控制信号切换开门、关门、停止三个状态。生产线监测系统包括印刷机、贴片机、回流焊、波峰焊、空压机、抽风机,直接读取所有机器内部PLC主要监控参数,并且通过以太网传送到监控中心,实现对生产线设备的远程监控。在工作站内开发了人机界面,实现了对以上六个子系统的监控。
最后,给出了综合监控系统的运行情况,包括视频监控及系统总体运行情况、电力系统运行情况、生产线运行情况。对电力监测部分列举了一天时间内若干时间段的电力参数,分析了电力参数变化的原因。
Intelligent building is the new concept building developed in the near three decades. Its green, high degree of automation has been widely accepted and supported worldwide. Building comprehensive monitoring system is the core of the intelligent building. It covers power system, air-conditioning system, chiller system, water supply and drainage system, lighting system, fire alarm system and so on. It combines all monitoring subsystems into a comprehensive monitoring system. It achieves decentralized control and centralized management. It designs Dalian Technology Computer Control Engineering Co., Ltd building comprehensive monitoring system through computer technology and network technology based on the basic concept of intelligent building.
Comprehensive monitoring system is based on the industrial Ethernet, and it uses network controller PEC8000 as collect and control module which supports EPA communication protocol. Comprehensive monitoring system consists of six main parts:video monitoring, power monitoring, lighting control, elevator monitoring, electric door control, production line monitoring. Video monitoring system includes three parts:PTZ monitoring, building monitoring, and outdoor monitoring. It accesses all cameras to the DVRs, and transmit video data to the monitoring center through Gigabit Ethernet。It embeds video controls into human-interface and displays the real-time monitoring images. It connects PTZ and PLC by RS485 interface, edits free communication program based on PTZ control protocol, and achieves perspective control and focus control from PLC to PTZ. Power monitoring system collects current and voltage of 63 circuits through current transformer and voltage transformer. It designs conditioning circuit which samples, amplifies, rectifies and filters multiple current, voltage, and phase signals. It converts current, voltage and phase signal to 0-5V standard signal and transfers into PLC and calculates current, voltage, power factor, active power, reactive power and apparent power. Lighting control system installs PLC in all 18 distribution rooms. PLC outputs on and off signals, controls AC contactor's by relay, and then controls the lighting circuit. Elevator monitoring system connects the elevator control module to PLC through the RS485 interface. In the elevator monitoring system, the elevator communication module is connected to the PLC via RS485 port. Elevator condition monitoring software is developed according to the elevator control protocol. Electric door control system uses three relays as the channel switch, and PLC gives control signal to switch three status of open, close, and stop. Production line monitoring system includes print machine, placement machine, reflow machine, wave soldering machine, air compressor machine, exhaust fan machine. It achieves directly all the main monitoring parameters of the machines via PLC, and sends to the monitoring center via Ethernet to achieve the remote monitoring of production line equipment. Human-interface is developed in the workstation and it achieves monitoring of six subsystems above.
Finally, it gives the operation status of the comprehensive monitoring system including video monitoring and overall system operation, power system operation, production line operation. It lists power parameters in a number of time periods within a day, and analysis the change of electrical parameters.
引文
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[2]黎连业,朱卫东,李皓.智能楼宇控制系统的设计与实施技术[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2008.
[3]Sharpe L. Setting a standard for building control[J]. IEEE Review,2001,47(4):35-39.
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[5]晏红江.智能建筑专业协调与功能评价[D].西安：西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,2004.
[6]许硕,西安新世纪城市住宅发展趋势初探[D].西安：西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,2001.
[7]扬志,郭兵,李晓林,裴玉玲.建筑智能化系统的结构与集成[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2000,23(6)：59-63.
[8]何洪辉.基于LonWorks的智能建筑系统集成方案研究与应用[D].南昌：南吕大学自动化学院,2008.
[9]Jie Chen, Meisheng Xue, Demin Sun, Xiaohong He. Remote monitoring and control system of intelligent building based on LonWorks and Web[C].//Proc. of IEEE Conference on Intelligent Control and Automation,2004,6:15-19.
[10]Cui Qing-Quan, Wei Dong, Chen Zhi-Xin. Research on the networked control system technology applied in Intelligent Building[C]//Proc.of IEEE Conference on Intelligent Control and Automation(WCICA),2010,8:4307-4311.
[11]范怿涛.智能楼宇控制系统的开发与研究[D].北京：北方工业大学机电工程学院,2009.
[12]江晓林,苗雨.智能楼宇监控系统的设计与开发[J].智能建筑与消防,2006(3)：8-9.
[13]张国波.智能监控及其关键技术研究[D].成都：四川大学电子信息工程学院,2003.
[14]章云,许锦标.建筑智能化系统[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2007.
[15]R. Strzelecki, G. Benysek.智能电网中的电力电子技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2010.
[16]D. Snoonian. Smart building[J]. Spectmm, IEEE,2003,40(8):18-23,.
[17]Han Chen, Chou, P., Duri.S., Hui Lei, Reason,J.. The Design and Implementation of a Smart Building Control System[C]//Proc.of IEEE Conference on e-Business Engineering, 2009,10:21-24.
[18]王尧,陈鹏,王婷.智能建筑的现状及分析[J].山西建筑,2006,32(4)：47-48.
[19]袁木.智能楼宇监控系统的设计与实现[D].大连,大连海事大学自动化学院,2002.
[20]Saracin, C. G., Saracin, M., Lupu, M.. Programmable logic controllers used in electric drives of an intelligent building [C]//Proc. of IEEE Conference on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering.2011,5:1-6.
[21]Lu Yan-fang, Zhu Gui-xian, Liu Ai-qin. The design of intelligent building control system[C]//Proc. of IEEE Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering (ICEICE),2011,4:15-17.
[22]徐兴亚.智能楼宇管理信息系统集成技术的研究及应用[D].武汉：武汉大学机械工程学院,2004.
[23]王安华.智能大厦空调监控系统的研究与设计[D].重庆：重庆大学计算机学院,2005.
[24]赵菁品.智能楼宇监控系统软件平台设计与实现[D].北京,北京工业大学自动化学院,2003.
[25]崔芳丽.智能建筑设计方法研究[D].北京：中国农业大学l：学院,2005.
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