产品设计过程的建模、仿真及优化研究
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摘要
21世纪市场竞争日益激烈,企业为了生存和发展必须以最快的速度设计制造出高质量的符合市场需要的产品。随着企业生存环境的改变和现代产品的复杂程度和多样化的不断提高以及产品开发模式的改变,产品设计过程也越来越复杂。为了提高自己产品的竞争力,现在大部分的企业都对产品设计过程进行建模从而实现对其产品设计过程的优化。但是针对一些中小型的项目,很多企业考虑到周期和成本问题,仍然采用传统的设计管理方法。本文针对这一问题,通过对产品设计过程中任务和过程之间关系的分析,以分层有色时间Petri网为建模工具对系统进行建模,并对建立的模型中的任务协调、资源管理、模型复用等几个问题进行了详细的研究。
通过对产品设计过程的分析和研究,提出了以任务/过程为任务分解方法,分层有色Petri网为建模工具对产品设计过程进行建模的方法。对产品设计过程的任务、过程及二者之间的关系进行了分析和阐述,通过对任务/过程的逐层分解从而描述出系统的结构;将分层有色Petri网中的库所、变迁、颜色集及层次等元素与分解后的系统中的任务、过程、任务属性及层次性等相应元素相对应,构建出具有良好结构特性和较强分析能力的产品设计过程系统模型。通过对模型的仿真,找出其中的关键路径和关键工序,优化系统的资源配置,缩短工期,从而提高实际系统的效率。
以广义模糊时间Petri网为理论基础,对系统中并行和串行环节中存在冲突和等待等问题建立了相应的协调机制,并对这些协调机制进行封装,构建了协调组件与任务组件相互作用实现系统的协调和管理。由于现代产品开发模式的采用,系统模型中许多的并行和串行执行的环节存在冲突、等待甚至死锁等问题,我们以与布尔Petri网有非常好的兼容性而功能更加强大的广义模糊时间Petri网为理论基础,对相应的问题环节构建不同的协调机制,并通过对协调机制和任务打包形成协调组件和任务组件在系统中相互作用实现相应的协调和管理功能。
通过对系统模型中文档和任务之间的关联的详细分析,构建了文档版本管理器,与任务组件共同作用实现对系统中文档版本的管理。作为一种系统资源或产品的输出信息,文档在产品设计系统中有着非常重要的地位和作用,其版本管理的问题也显得日益突出。通过对并行和串行版本流的研究,及文档和任务的关联的建立,新建了版本管理算法,构建了版本管理器与任务组件相互作用实现对文档版本的管理。同时应用资源管理器对系统中的人力资源也进行了管理和调度。
引入组件的概念,构建了组件库管理系统和系统的整体架构,实现了产品设计过程的复用。在提高复用效率方面,对以往成功的系统模型的继承和复用是非常有效的,强调在模型构建的过程中就考虑到日后的复用问题,有意识地构造出利于复用的系统架构或系统部件,并在模型的使用过程中不断地分析和修改模型,使之日趋完善,方便以后的复用。通过对产品设计模型及复用层次的分析,提出了模型中的系统组件管理组件及结构组件的构建方法,并通过组件库管理系统对这些组件的存储、读取及检索等功能的管理,实现产品设计过程模型的全生命周期管理。
To develop in the fierce market competition of 21st century, enterprises have to design and manufacture product with highest quality and adaptability in shortest lean-time. With the change of environment, the increase of product's complexity and multiformity and adoption of the new model for product development, the process of product development becomes more complexity, to improve the quality of their product, now enterprises have established the model of product development process (PDP) to manage the system. To the questions which have faces during the process of modeling and problems of model of PDP, based on HTCPN, this dissertation establishes a new model of PDP and made a comprehensive study in the aspects of coordination, resource dispatch, version management and reusement.
Based on the theory of task/process, a model of PDP was established on Hierarchical Colored Petri nets after a thoroughly analysis and research on PDP. Through the description and analysis on task, process and relationship between them, a concept of task/process was introduced into the system, from the decompositions of task/process level by level the structure of PDP was expressed detailedly. Matching the Places, Transitions, Colored sets and levels of Hierarchical Colored Petri nets to the corresponding elements of PDP system, the model of PDP with well structure and strong capability was structured.
Coordination mechanisms based on Generalized Fuzzy Time Petri net was established to coordinate the conflicts in parallel and serial execution of system, and coordination component which all coordination mechanisms was encapsulated in also was proposed to manage the system with task component together. For the adoption of new mode for product development, there are a lot of problems during the execution of system such as, conflicts, waiting, even deadlock. Compared with Boolean Petri net, Generalized Fuzzy Time Petri net has strong capability and well structure. Based on GFTPN, different coordination mechanisms were established to different problems of system, and it was coordination component and task component that implement the function of management in the system model.
Based on the research of manners of tasks execution and relationship between of task and documents, a document version manager was established to manage the version of documents in the system. As a resource and output information of product, document has important function in the system of product development, and version management of document becomes more crucial. Through a thorough analysis on parallel and serial version flow, interdependent between document and task was established and arithmetic about version management was proposed, version manager and task component complement the corresponding function in system.
The concept of component was introduced from software engineering, architecture of system and management system of component library were established to reuse the used model of PDP. It is very efficient to improve the level of modeling that reuse and inherit the used model of PDP. Based on the analysis on model of PDP and levels of reuse, methods of construct system components, management components and structure components were proposed. The whole life cycle management of PDP model is implemented by management system of component library which manage the operations of components such as, deposit, take and search.
通过对产品设计过程的分析和研究,提出了以任务/过程为任务分解方法,分层有色Petri网为建模工具对产品设计过程进行建模的方法。对产品设计过程的任务、过程及二者之间的关系进行了分析和阐述,通过对任务/过程的逐层分解从而描述出系统的结构;将分层有色Petri网中的库所、变迁、颜色集及层次等元素与分解后的系统中的任务、过程、任务属性及层次性等相应元素相对应,构建出具有良好结构特性和较强分析能力的产品设计过程系统模型。通过对模型的仿真,找出其中的关键路径和关键工序,优化系统的资源配置,缩短工期,从而提高实际系统的效率。
以广义模糊时间Petri网为理论基础,对系统中并行和串行环节中存在冲突和等待等问题建立了相应的协调机制,并对这些协调机制进行封装,构建了协调组件与任务组件相互作用实现系统的协调和管理。由于现代产品开发模式的采用,系统模型中许多的并行和串行执行的环节存在冲突、等待甚至死锁等问题,我们以与布尔Petri网有非常好的兼容性而功能更加强大的广义模糊时间Petri网为理论基础,对相应的问题环节构建不同的协调机制,并通过对协调机制和任务打包形成协调组件和任务组件在系统中相互作用实现相应的协调和管理功能。
通过对系统模型中文档和任务之间的关联的详细分析,构建了文档版本管理器,与任务组件共同作用实现对系统中文档版本的管理。作为一种系统资源或产品的输出信息,文档在产品设计系统中有着非常重要的地位和作用,其版本管理的问题也显得日益突出。通过对并行和串行版本流的研究,及文档和任务的关联的建立,新建了版本管理算法,构建了版本管理器与任务组件相互作用实现对文档版本的管理。同时应用资源管理器对系统中的人力资源也进行了管理和调度。
引入组件的概念,构建了组件库管理系统和系统的整体架构,实现了产品设计过程的复用。在提高复用效率方面,对以往成功的系统模型的继承和复用是非常有效的,强调在模型构建的过程中就考虑到日后的复用问题,有意识地构造出利于复用的系统架构或系统部件,并在模型的使用过程中不断地分析和修改模型,使之日趋完善,方便以后的复用。通过对产品设计模型及复用层次的分析,提出了模型中的系统组件管理组件及结构组件的构建方法,并通过组件库管理系统对这些组件的存储、读取及检索等功能的管理,实现产品设计过程模型的全生命周期管理。
To develop in the fierce market competition of 21st century, enterprises have to design and manufacture product with highest quality and adaptability in shortest lean-time. With the change of environment, the increase of product's complexity and multiformity and adoption of the new model for product development, the process of product development becomes more complexity, to improve the quality of their product, now enterprises have established the model of product development process (PDP) to manage the system. To the questions which have faces during the process of modeling and problems of model of PDP, based on HTCPN, this dissertation establishes a new model of PDP and made a comprehensive study in the aspects of coordination, resource dispatch, version management and reusement.
Based on the theory of task/process, a model of PDP was established on Hierarchical Colored Petri nets after a thoroughly analysis and research on PDP. Through the description and analysis on task, process and relationship between them, a concept of task/process was introduced into the system, from the decompositions of task/process level by level the structure of PDP was expressed detailedly. Matching the Places, Transitions, Colored sets and levels of Hierarchical Colored Petri nets to the corresponding elements of PDP system, the model of PDP with well structure and strong capability was structured.
Coordination mechanisms based on Generalized Fuzzy Time Petri net was established to coordinate the conflicts in parallel and serial execution of system, and coordination component which all coordination mechanisms was encapsulated in also was proposed to manage the system with task component together. For the adoption of new mode for product development, there are a lot of problems during the execution of system such as, conflicts, waiting, even deadlock. Compared with Boolean Petri net, Generalized Fuzzy Time Petri net has strong capability and well structure. Based on GFTPN, different coordination mechanisms were established to different problems of system, and it was coordination component and task component that implement the function of management in the system model.
Based on the research of manners of tasks execution and relationship between of task and documents, a document version manager was established to manage the version of documents in the system. As a resource and output information of product, document has important function in the system of product development, and version management of document becomes more crucial. Through a thorough analysis on parallel and serial version flow, interdependent between document and task was established and arithmetic about version management was proposed, version manager and task component complement the corresponding function in system.
The concept of component was introduced from software engineering, architecture of system and management system of component library were established to reuse the used model of PDP. It is very efficient to improve the level of modeling that reuse and inherit the used model of PDP. Based on the analysis on model of PDP and levels of reuse, methods of construct system components, management components and structure components were proposed. The whole life cycle management of PDP model is implemented by management system of component library which manage the operations of components such as, deposit, take and search.
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