船舶在波浪中运动时域数值模拟研究
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摘要
随着近年来我国海洋资源的开发和利用,船舶工业得到了不断的发展,一些新的船型开始不断出现,为了保证新设计的船型具有良好的耐波性能,船舶在波浪中的准确预报是进行合理的船舶结构设计的前提,于是寻求一种准确而实用的船舶运动及波浪载荷的预报方法具有重要意义。本文基于船舶运动频域理论拓展而来的时域方法建立了船舶运动的数值计算预报方法,通过建立的三维非线性时域运动方程就波浪中船舶运动进行了计算模拟研究。研究表明该方法可以用于预报船舶在规则波、不规则波中船舶垂荡、横荡、横摇、首摇、纵摇五个自由度的运动,可以预报分析船舶发生参数横摇的频率范围和幅度。以S175船为具体算例,计算了在迎浪状态下规则波中不同波浪频率S175船垂荡、纵摇的运动幅值,并预报分析了S175船发生参数横摇的频率范围和幅度,将数值计算结果与相关文献进行了比较,验证了本研究方法的有效性和可靠性。本文还研究了带液舱的船舶运动响应问题,考虑了液舱晃荡和船舶运动的耦合效应,以带方形液舱的S175船为具体算例,针对横浪和迎浪情况,比较了带液舱与不带液舱的船舶横摇和纵摇运动时历曲线。
With the exploitation of marine resources, the shipbuilding industry has achieved continuously development. Some new types of ship and ocean structures appeared in recent years. To ensure the new types of ship have good sea keeping performance, it is very important to find an accurate and practical method to calculate the ship motions and wave loads. In this paper a time-domain simulation of ship motions in waves is presented. The simulation is based on the strip theory, the ship motions in both regular and irregular waves in heave, sway, roll, yaw, pitch is calculated. A series of amplitudes of roll are given due to parametric rolling to different wave amplitudes and encounter frequencies. The general agreement between published theoretical and numerical results is satisfactory. The coupling effect of ship motion and sloshing in liquid tank is also considered in this paper. The Boundary Element Method is used to simulate the sloshing in the liquid tank in time domain. The force of the flow to the liquid tank is transferred to the equation of the ship motion. Two kinds of ship motions are simulated and the results are compared.
With the exploitation of marine resources, the shipbuilding industry has achieved continuously development. Some new types of ship and ocean structures appeared in recent years. To ensure the new types of ship have good sea keeping performance, it is very important to find an accurate and practical method to calculate the ship motions and wave loads. In this paper a time-domain simulation of ship motions in waves is presented. The simulation is based on the strip theory, the ship motions in both regular and irregular waves in heave, sway, roll, yaw, pitch is calculated. A series of amplitudes of roll are given due to parametric rolling to different wave amplitudes and encounter frequencies. The general agreement between published theoretical and numerical results is satisfactory. The coupling effect of ship motion and sloshing in liquid tank is also considered in this paper. The Boundary Element Method is used to simulate the sloshing in the liquid tank in time domain. The force of the flow to the liquid tank is transferred to the equation of the ship motion. Two kinds of ship motions are simulated and the results are compared.
引文
[1]缪国平,刘应中,船舶在波浪上运动理论,上海交通大学出版社,1986
[2]汪雪良,顾学康,祁恩荣,胡嘉骏,船舶波浪载荷预报方法和模型试验研究综述,舰船科学技术,2008,Vol.30 No.6
[3] St. Denis,M. and Pierson, W.J.Jr. On the motions of ships in confused seas. Trans.SNAME, 1953, 61:280-358
[4] Korvin-Kroukovsky, B. V.: Investigation of ship motions in regular waves, Trans. SNAME, vol.63, 1955
[5]田才福造、高木又男,规则波中解答理论及计算方法,耐航行研究及进展,日本造船学会,1969,(1)
[6] Borodai, I.K. and Netsvetayev, Y.A., ship motions in ocean waves, Russian, Sudostorenie: Leningrad, 1969
[7] Ogilvie, T.F. and Tuck, E.O. a rational strip theory of ship motions, The Univ. of Michigan, Report No.013,1969
[8] Salvesen, N., Tuck, E.O. and Faltinsen, O. ship motions and sea loads, Trans. SNAME, 1970 vol.78:250-287
[9] Fang,M.C., Lee, M.L. and Lee, C.K. time simulating of water shipping for a ship advancing large longitudinal waves, Journal of Ship Research, 1993, 37(2):126-137
[10] Miao, G.P., on the computation of ship motions in regular waves, Division of Ship Hydromechanics, Sweden: Chalmers Univ. of Technology, 1980, Report No.58
[11] Frank, W., oscillation of cylinders in or below the free surface of deep fluids, Naval Ship Research and Development Center, Report No.2357,1967
[12] Anderson P and He Wuzhou, on the calculation of two-dimensional added mass and damping coefficents by simple green’s function technique, Ocean Eng., 1985,12(5):425-451
[13] Chang, M.S. and Pien, P.C.: Velocity potentials of submerged bodies near a free surface-Application to wave-excited force: and motions, 11th SNH, 1976
[14] Van Oortmerssen, G., the motion of a moored ship in waves, Netherlands: Publication No.510, Netherlands Ship Model Basin, Wageningen, 1979
[15] Ogilvie, T.F. second-order hydrodynamic effects on ocean platforms, Proc. Int.Workshop on ship and Platform Motions, Berkeley: 1983
[16] T.Sawaragi, coastal engineering-wave, beaches, wave-structure interactions, USA: ELSEVIER, 1995, 359-428
[17] Chou, C.R., W.K. Weng and J.Z. Yim, ship motions near harbor caused by wave actions, Computer Modeling in Ocean Eng., 1991:443-453
[18] Takagi, K. and S. Naito, hydrodynamic forces acting on a floating body in a harbor of arbitrary geometry, International J. of Offshore and Polar Eng., 1994, Vol.4(1):97-104
[19] Faltinsen, O.M. and Michelsen, F.C.: Motions of large structure in waves at zero Froude number, The Dynamics of Marine Vehicles and Structure in Waves. Editors Bishop, R.E.D and Price, W.G., Mechanical Engineering Publications Limited, 1975
[20] Garrison, C.J.: Hydrodynamic loading of large offshore structures. Three-dimensional source distribution methods, Numerical Methods in Offshore Engineering, Edited by Zienkiewicz,O.C. et al., A Wiley Interscience Publication, pp.87-140,1978
[21] Chang, M.S.: Computations of three-dimensional ship motions with forward speed, Proc.Int.Conf. Number. Ship Hydrodyn., 2nd, pp.124-135, Univ. California, Berkeley,1977
[22] Inglis, R.B.and Price, W.G.: The influence of speed dependent boundary conditions in three-dimensional ship motions problems, Int,shibldg Prog., Vol,28, pp.22-29,1981
[23] Finkelstein, A.B. The initial value problem for transient water wave. Comm. On Pure and Appl.Mathe. Vol.10, 1957:511-522
[24] Cummins, W.E The impluse response function and ship motions. Schiffstechnik, Band 9, 1962:101-109
[25]Chapman R.B. Large Amplitude Transient Motion of Two-Dimensional Floating Bodies, Journal of Ship Research, 1979,29(1):20-31
[26] Guedes Soares, C. Transient response of ship hulls to wave impact. Int.Shipbuilding Prog., Vol, 36, 1989:137-192
[27] Meyerhoff W.K. and Schlachter G. An approach for the determination of hull girder loads in a seaway including hydrodynamic impacts. Ocean Engineering, 1980, 7:305-326
[28] Fujino, M. and Yoon, B.S. A study on loads acting on a ship in large amplitudewaves. Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, JSNAJ, 1986,24:136-145
[29] Chen, C. and Shen, J.. Calculation of ship nonlinear bending moment in regular waves in time domain. CSNAME, China: 1990
[30] Petersen, J.B.. Nonlinear strip theories for ship response in waves. Ph.D. thesis. Department of Naval Architecture and Offshore Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 1992
[31] Debabrata Sen, Time-domain computation of large amplitude 3D ship motions with forward speed, Ocean Engineering 29(2009) 973-1002
[32] MingKang Wu, Ole A.Hermundstad, Time-domain simulation of wave-induced nonlinear motions and loads and its applications in ship design, Marine Structures 15 (2002) 561-597
[33] Korvin-Kroukovsky, B. V. and Jacobs, W.R.: Pitching and heaving motions of a ship in regular waves, Trans. SNAME, vol.65, 1957
[34] Tasai, F.: On the swaying, yawing and rolling motions of ships in oblique waves, International Shipbuiding Progress, vol.14, No.153, 1967
[35] Grim, O. and Schenzle, P.: Berechnung der Torsionsbelastung eines Schiffes in Seegang, Institut fur Schiffbau der Universitat Hamburg, Bericht Nr.236 and Nr.237, 1969
[36]Hisayoshi Endo: The behavior of a VLFS and an airplane during takeoff/landing run in wave condition, Marine Structure , Vol 13, No.4, 2000
[37]Yooil Kim, Kyoung-Hwan Kim,Yonghwan Kim: Springing analysis of a seagoing vessel using fully coupled BEM-FEM in the time domain, Ocean Engineering, Vol 36,No.11, 2009
[38]徐德伦,于定勇,随机海浪理论,高等教育出版社,2001
[39] Pierson W.J. A Mollo-christenseu E.Modulation characteristics of sea surface waves. J.Geophys. Res., 1979, 84(C12):7769-7775
[40] Longuet-Higgins M.S. The statistical analysis of random moving surface. Phi. Trans. Roy. Soc., 1957
[41] Longuet-Higgins M.S. The effect of nonlinearities on the statistical distributions in the theory of sea waves. J. Fluid Mech., 1963 17(3):459-480
[42] Phillips O.M. The Dynamic of the Upper Ocean. 2nd edition, Syndics of the Cambridge Univ. Press. 1977
[2]汪雪良,顾学康,祁恩荣,胡嘉骏,船舶波浪载荷预报方法和模型试验研究综述,舰船科学技术,2008,Vol.30 No.6
[3] St. Denis,M. and Pierson, W.J.Jr. On the motions of ships in confused seas. Trans.SNAME, 1953, 61:280-358
[4] Korvin-Kroukovsky, B. V.: Investigation of ship motions in regular waves, Trans. SNAME, vol.63, 1955
[5]田才福造、高木又男,规则波中解答理论及计算方法,耐航行研究及进展,日本造船学会,1969,(1)
[6] Borodai, I.K. and Netsvetayev, Y.A., ship motions in ocean waves, Russian, Sudostorenie: Leningrad, 1969
[7] Ogilvie, T.F. and Tuck, E.O. a rational strip theory of ship motions, The Univ. of Michigan, Report No.013,1969
[8] Salvesen, N., Tuck, E.O. and Faltinsen, O. ship motions and sea loads, Trans. SNAME, 1970 vol.78:250-287
[9] Fang,M.C., Lee, M.L. and Lee, C.K. time simulating of water shipping for a ship advancing large longitudinal waves, Journal of Ship Research, 1993, 37(2):126-137
[10] Miao, G.P., on the computation of ship motions in regular waves, Division of Ship Hydromechanics, Sweden: Chalmers Univ. of Technology, 1980, Report No.58
[11] Frank, W., oscillation of cylinders in or below the free surface of deep fluids, Naval Ship Research and Development Center, Report No.2357,1967
[12] Anderson P and He Wuzhou, on the calculation of two-dimensional added mass and damping coefficents by simple green’s function technique, Ocean Eng., 1985,12(5):425-451
[13] Chang, M.S. and Pien, P.C.: Velocity potentials of submerged bodies near a free surface-Application to wave-excited force: and motions, 11th SNH, 1976
[14] Van Oortmerssen, G., the motion of a moored ship in waves, Netherlands: Publication No.510, Netherlands Ship Model Basin, Wageningen, 1979
[15] Ogilvie, T.F. second-order hydrodynamic effects on ocean platforms, Proc. Int.Workshop on ship and Platform Motions, Berkeley: 1983
[16] T.Sawaragi, coastal engineering-wave, beaches, wave-structure interactions, USA: ELSEVIER, 1995, 359-428
[17] Chou, C.R., W.K. Weng and J.Z. Yim, ship motions near harbor caused by wave actions, Computer Modeling in Ocean Eng., 1991:443-453
[18] Takagi, K. and S. Naito, hydrodynamic forces acting on a floating body in a harbor of arbitrary geometry, International J. of Offshore and Polar Eng., 1994, Vol.4(1):97-104
[19] Faltinsen, O.M. and Michelsen, F.C.: Motions of large structure in waves at zero Froude number, The Dynamics of Marine Vehicles and Structure in Waves. Editors Bishop, R.E.D and Price, W.G., Mechanical Engineering Publications Limited, 1975
[20] Garrison, C.J.: Hydrodynamic loading of large offshore structures. Three-dimensional source distribution methods, Numerical Methods in Offshore Engineering, Edited by Zienkiewicz,O.C. et al., A Wiley Interscience Publication, pp.87-140,1978
[21] Chang, M.S.: Computations of three-dimensional ship motions with forward speed, Proc.Int.Conf. Number. Ship Hydrodyn., 2nd, pp.124-135, Univ. California, Berkeley,1977
[22] Inglis, R.B.and Price, W.G.: The influence of speed dependent boundary conditions in three-dimensional ship motions problems, Int,shibldg Prog., Vol,28, pp.22-29,1981
[23] Finkelstein, A.B. The initial value problem for transient water wave. Comm. On Pure and Appl.Mathe. Vol.10, 1957:511-522
[24] Cummins, W.E The impluse response function and ship motions. Schiffstechnik, Band 9, 1962:101-109
[25]Chapman R.B. Large Amplitude Transient Motion of Two-Dimensional Floating Bodies, Journal of Ship Research, 1979,29(1):20-31
[26] Guedes Soares, C. Transient response of ship hulls to wave impact. Int.Shipbuilding Prog., Vol, 36, 1989:137-192
[27] Meyerhoff W.K. and Schlachter G. An approach for the determination of hull girder loads in a seaway including hydrodynamic impacts. Ocean Engineering, 1980, 7:305-326
[28] Fujino, M. and Yoon, B.S. A study on loads acting on a ship in large amplitudewaves. Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, JSNAJ, 1986,24:136-145
[29] Chen, C. and Shen, J.. Calculation of ship nonlinear bending moment in regular waves in time domain. CSNAME, China: 1990
[30] Petersen, J.B.. Nonlinear strip theories for ship response in waves. Ph.D. thesis. Department of Naval Architecture and Offshore Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 1992
[31] Debabrata Sen, Time-domain computation of large amplitude 3D ship motions with forward speed, Ocean Engineering 29(2009) 973-1002
[32] MingKang Wu, Ole A.Hermundstad, Time-domain simulation of wave-induced nonlinear motions and loads and its applications in ship design, Marine Structures 15 (2002) 561-597
[33] Korvin-Kroukovsky, B. V. and Jacobs, W.R.: Pitching and heaving motions of a ship in regular waves, Trans. SNAME, vol.65, 1957
[34] Tasai, F.: On the swaying, yawing and rolling motions of ships in oblique waves, International Shipbuiding Progress, vol.14, No.153, 1967
[35] Grim, O. and Schenzle, P.: Berechnung der Torsionsbelastung eines Schiffes in Seegang, Institut fur Schiffbau der Universitat Hamburg, Bericht Nr.236 and Nr.237, 1969
[36]Hisayoshi Endo: The behavior of a VLFS and an airplane during takeoff/landing run in wave condition, Marine Structure , Vol 13, No.4, 2000
[37]Yooil Kim, Kyoung-Hwan Kim,Yonghwan Kim: Springing analysis of a seagoing vessel using fully coupled BEM-FEM in the time domain, Ocean Engineering, Vol 36,No.11, 2009
[38]徐德伦,于定勇,随机海浪理论,高等教育出版社,2001
[39] Pierson W.J. A Mollo-christenseu E.Modulation characteristics of sea surface waves. J.Geophys. Res., 1979, 84(C12):7769-7775
[40] Longuet-Higgins M.S. The statistical analysis of random moving surface. Phi. Trans. Roy. Soc., 1957
[41] Longuet-Higgins M.S. The effect of nonlinearities on the statistical distributions in the theory of sea waves. J. Fluid Mech., 1963 17(3):459-480
[42] Phillips O.M. The Dynamic of the Upper Ocean. 2nd edition, Syndics of the Cambridge Univ. Press. 1977