用户名: 密码: 验证码:
连黛片对大肠癌端粒酶活性及hTERT mRNA表达的影响
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
大肠癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率仅次于肺癌和乳腺癌,居第三,病因不明,预后较差,5年存活率不超过40%。在我国,随着人们生活水平的提高,膳食结构的变化,发病率有逐年上升趋势。近几年来,端粒酶在细胞衰老和癌变过程中的作用日益受到人们的重视,现代研究者普遍认为:端粒酶的激活是肿瘤形成过程中的关键步骤。
     本项目以连黛片(左金丸加青黛)为受试药,研究中药复方在对端粒酶活性、相关基因表达的影响,从分子生物学的角度寻找中药抑癌可能的新途径,这对进一步探讨中药抑癌作用机理有重要意义,为今后从更深层次研究中药抑癌奠定一定的基础,也为开发新药提供了依据。
     1、临床试验研究
     目的:观察连黛片对非根治性术后或化疗后复发的大肠癌患者的临床疗效及对端粒酶活性及其相关基因hTERTmRNA表达的影响。
     研究对象:35例大肠癌患者均来自广州中医药大学一附院2005.08—2006.08年间门诊及住院手术患者,经肠镜检查均为非根治性术后或化疗后复发患者。其中20例伴大肠腺瘤性息肉。
     研究方法:(1)采用TRAP—ELISA法检测肿瘤组织端粒酶相对活性,荧光定量PCR法检测肿瘤组织端粒酶hTERTmRNA的表达。观察35例大肠癌患者肿瘤组织端粒酶相对活性及端粒酶hTERTmRNA的表达。同时比较其与癌旁组织、正常组织、腺瘤性息肉端粒酶相对活性及端粒酶hTERTmRNA的表达的差异。
     (2)35例大肠癌患者按照单盲随机数字表法分为治疗组20例和对照组15例。治疗组20例大肠癌患者在不改变对症支持等常规用药基础上加服连黛片中药汤剂每次50ml(含黄连6g、吴茱萸1g、青黛3g),每日两次。对照组15例大肠癌除不服连黛片外,其他与治疗组完全相同。疗程1个月,期间不使用与连黛片相类似的其它药物。分别观察两组患者主要临床症状积分的变化、中医症候疗效比较;两组患者肿瘤组织局部端粒酶活性及其相关基因hTERTmRNA表达量的变化。
     结果:(1)大肠癌组织中端粒酶活性增强及端粒酶hTERTmRNA的高表达。端粒酶活性及端粒酶hTERTmRNA的表达在正常组织、癌旁组织、腺瘤性息肉、大肠癌组织呈递增趋势。其与年龄、性别、大肠癌病变部位及病理类型无关,随肿瘤组织学分级及临床分期的增加而呈上升趋势。
     (2)疗程结束后,治疗组患者症状体征较对照组有改善。连黛片组在大便干或烂、腹胀或腹痛、呕吐或恶心、烦热口渴等症状优于对照组,在改善食欲、神疲乏力、口干口苦、纳呆等症状与对照组相当。在中医证候疗效方面,20例治疗组中显效为4例,有效为11例,无效为5例;15例对照组的显效为为1例,有效为4例,无效为10例。疗程结束后,肿瘤组织局部端粒酶活性及其相关基因hTERTmRNA表达量较对照组明显下降。在热毒内结和湿热下注二个证型的患者中,以热毒内结型中医证候疗效改善明显,肿瘤组织局部端粒酶活性及其相关基因hTERTmRNA表达量下降最为明显。
     结论:连黛片能减轻患者临床症状体征,尤其对辩证为热毒聚于大肠的患者的症状改善尤为明显。可能的机制之一是通过改变与肿瘤密切相关的端粒酶活性及hTERTmRNA表达量。
     2、动物试验研究
     目的:观察连黛片对实验性HT29大肠癌裸鼠移植瘤端粒酶活性及其相关基因hTERTmRNA表达的影响。
     研究方法:采用皮下注射HT29大肠癌细胞株制作结肠癌裸鼠模型,将皮下移植的裸小鼠随机分为3组。每组均在初次接种后7天进行灌胃治疗,连续灌胃一月。中药治疗组用连黛片灌胃治疗(每只灌胃2g/kg),西药治疗组用端粒酶抑制剂3’—叠氮3’—脱氧胸腺核苷(叠氮胸苷,AZT,150mg/kg)灌胃治疗,空白对照组予以生理盐水灌胃。动态观察各组裸鼠肿瘤体积变化,用游标卡尺测量每组裸鼠移植瘤的大小。采用TRAP-ELISA方法检测肿瘤组织端粒酶活性变化,荧光定量PCR检测肿瘤组织端粒酶hTERTmRNA的表达,结果进行统计学分析。
     结果:(1)初次接种后7天各组裸鼠皮下肿瘤大小比较无显著性差异,并用于下一步的试验。(2)一个月后治疗组裸鼠皮下肿瘤体积比较无明显差异,两组治疗组裸鼠皮下肿瘤块大小与空白组比较有差异;(3)空白对照组端粒酶相对活性较两组治疗组明显增强;空白对照组端粒酶hTERTmRNA的表达增多。中药组与AZT组端粒酶活性及端粒酶hTERTmRNA的表达改变无显著性差异。
     结论:连黛片能抑制人大肠癌HT29裸小鼠移植瘤的增值,其机制之一可能是减少hTERTmRNA的表达,从而降低肿瘤组织端粒酶的活性。提示中医药防治疗大肠癌具有一定优势,深入开展以端粒酶为靶点的中医药治疗研究必将为防治大肠癌或其癌前病变开辟新的途径。
The large colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors inthe world. Its outbreak rate reside thirdly only next to lung cancer andthe mammary glands cancer. The cause of the disease isn't clear andprognosis is worse. Five years livability is not more than 40%. In ourcountry, with the elevation of life level and the change of meal structure,the outbreak rate is up-trend year by year. In the last few years, thefunction of telomerase in cell ageing and canceration is valued by peopleincreasingly. Modern researcher regard commonly:The activation oftelomerase is the key step in the tumor formation process.
     This article takes Liandai recipe as the subjected to study theinfluence of Chinese herbal medicine compound prescribe to telomeraseand the expression of related gene.TO find a new path of the Chinese herbalmedicine suppression the cancer from the angle of the molecular biology,which has an important meaning to the mechanism of Chinese herbalmedicine suppression further cancer. This can establish a certainfoundation in order to study Chinese herbal medicine suppression to cancerfrom a deeper layer and provide a basis for the development new medicine.
     1、The clinical trial study
     Purpose:To Observe the clinical curative effect of Liandai recipe to thelarge colon cancer who had chemotherapy after not radical surgery and theinfluence of Liandai recipe to telomerase and the expression of relatedgene hTERTmRNA.
     Research object
     Method:(1) 35 patients were come from the First affiliated hospital ofthe GuangZhou university of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August of2005 to August of 2006. They were hospital patients after a surgicaloperation or were outpatients.
     Study method:
     (1) To observe telomerase activity and the expression of hTERTmRNA intumor local organization of 35 large colon cancer. In the meantime, tocompare the difference of telomerase activity and the expression ofhTERTmRNA between cancer side organization and the normal organization.
     (2) Treating group of 20 patients take Liandai recipe decoction 50mls(which contained coptis chinensis 6g, Fructus Evodiaelg, IndigoNaturalis lg) twice a day extraly without changing Supportive treatment. Comparing group had the same Supportive treatment without takingLiandai recipe decoction. The course of treatment is one month, the twogroup had not take other drugs which had siminar function as Liandai recipedecoction.
     Result:
     (1)Confirming the higher telomerase activity and the expression of hTERTmRNAin tumor local organization of large colon cancer. The telomerase activityand the expression of hTERTmRNA are up-trend among normal colonorganization、side tumour organization、Adenomatous polypi and the largecolon cancer organization. They have no relativity with age、sex、diseasedregion in the large colon cancer and pathologic type, but they have aup-trend with anatomy grading and clinical stage.
     (2)After treatment, symptoms and signs of treating group were easedcomparing with control group. The telomerase activity and the expressionof hTERTmRNA of treating group in tumor local organization of large coloncancer were lower than control group.
     Conclusion:
     Liandai recipe can ease the symptoms and signs of colon cancer patients.One of the possible mechanisms is to change telomerase activity and theexpression of hTERTmRNA which have close relativity with tumors.
     2、The animal research study
     Purpose: To observe the influence of Liandai recipe to the telomeraseactivity and the expression of hTERTmRNA in local tumour organizationof experiental naked mouse.
     Method: To replicate the model of colon cancer of naked mouse which wereinjected HT29 colon cancer cell subcutaneously. Each naked mouse waslavaged after the first injection for one month. Chinese herbs treatinggroup was lavage with Liandai recipe(2g/kg); western drugs treating groupwas lavage with AZT(150mg/kg), blank control group was lavaged with 0.09%Sodium Chloride. To dynamicly observe the change of tumor volume of nakedmouse. To detect telomerase activity with TRAP—ELISA and the expressionof hTERTmRNA with fluorescent quantitation PCR. TO analysis the resultswith statistics method.
     Result:
     (1)There was no significant difference between the three groups abouttumor volume of naked mouse subcutaneously after seven days after thefirst innoculation.They were for next expreriment.
     (2)There was no significant difference between treating group abouttumor volume of naked mouse subcutaneously after one month;There isdifference between treating group and control group about tumorvolume of naked mouse subcutaneously.
     (3)There was no significant difference between treating groups about thechange of telomerase activity and the expression of hTERTmRNA;but there was significant difference between treating groups andcontrol group about the change of telomerase activity and theexpression of hTERTmRNA
     Conclusion: Liandai recipe can restrain the increase of transplantationtumor of naked mouse of HT29 cell strain of colon tumour. One of thepossible mechanisms is to reduce thethe expression of hTERTmRNA and lower the telomerase activity in localtumor organization.
引文
[1] 李文华.大肠癌防治方药的中医文献研究.山东中医药大学学报,2003:27(60):443-447.
    [2] 马伟,王建华,陈蔚文.盐酸小檗碱促进胃癌细胞系分化的作用.中药新药与临床药理,2001:9(2):90-92.
    [3] 陈蔚文,徐勤.连黛片对MMNG诱发大鼠胃癌基因的作用.中国医学学报,1997;9(增刊):123-125.
    [4] 谭宇蕙,陈蔚文等.连黛片对大鼠溃疡性胃癌RAS基因突变的影响.中药药理与临床,2001:17(2):114-118
    [5] 周本杰等.连黛片对大鼠溃疡性胃癌相关基因蛋白表达的影响.中药新药与临床,2001;12(4):249-251.
    [6] 陈蔚文,李茹柳等.连黛片抗大鼠胃癌及对p21ras,c-erbB2,Rb和p53基因蛋白表达的影响.中药新药与临床,1998:(7)(增刊):111-114.
    [7] 杨传标,陈蔚文等.连黛胶囊对胃肠病p21ras和突变型p53基因蛋白调节作用的临床研究.中国中西医结合杂志,2000:21(10):736-738
    [8] 谭宇蕙等.小檗碱对人胃癌MGC-803细胞生长抑制及诱导凋亡的作用.中国药理学通报,2001:17(1):40-43.
    [9] Blackburn EH, Gall JG. A tandemly repeated sequence at the termini of the extrachromosomal ribosomal RNA genes in Tetrahymena[J]. J Mol Biol,1978:120(1) : 33-53.
    [10] Blackbum EH. Structure and function of telomeres. Nature, 1991, 10:569-573
    [11] Sharpless NE, DePinho RA. Telomeres. stem cells, senescence, and cancer [J]. J Clin Invest, 2004, 113(2): 160—168.
    [12] Cong YS, Wright WE, Shay JW. Human telomerase and its regulation[J]. Microbiol Mol Biol, 2002, 66(3): 407-425.
    [13] 国兰琴,施茵,张卫.端粒和端粒酶及其与衰老的关系.中华老年医学杂志,2006;25(10):788—791.
    [14] Makarov VL, Hirose Y, Langmore JP. Long G tails at both ends of human chromosomes suggest a C strand degradation mechanim for telomeree shortening. Cell, 1997,88:657-666
    [15] Wright WC, Tesmer VM, Huffman KE et al. Normal human chromosomes have long G-rich telomeric overhangs at one end. Genes Dev, 1997,11:2801-2809
    [16] 胡晓文,黄洪章,傅玉茹.端粒DNA形成鸟嘌呤四链体结构.中山大学学报(医学科 学版),2006:27(1):15—19.
    [17] Harley CB, Futcher AB, Greider CW. Telomeres shorten during ageing of human fibroblasts. Nature, 1990,345:458-460
    [18] Bekaert S, De Meyer T, Van Oostveldt P. Telomere attrition as ageing biomarker. Anticancer Res, 2005, 25: 3011—3021.
    [19] Piacibello W ,Gammaitoni L, Pignochino Y. Proliferative senescence in hematopoietic stem cellsduring ex-vivo expansion. Folia Histochem Cytobiol,2005, 43: 197—202.
    [20] Karlseder J, Broccoli D, Dai Y et al. P-53 and ATM-dependent apoptosis inducedby telomeres lacking TRF2. Science, 1999,283:1321-1325
    [21] Mtl XC. Brien TR Ross JS. et al. Telomerase activity inbenign and malignant cytogic fluids[J] . Cancer, 1999, 87(2): 93—99
    [22] Lo YMD Quantitative assays for telomerase: means for studying the end[J]. Clin Chem, 1998, 44(12): 2399~2340
    [23] Karlseder J, Broccoli D, Dai Y et al. P-53 and ATM-dependent apoptosis induced by telomeres lacking TRF2. Science, 1999,283:1321-1325
    [24] 胡作为,周燕萍.,沈自尹.端粒及其调控的研究进展.国外医学,遗传学分册,2004:25(1):38—40.
    [25] 郑晓飞,朱捷,杨义军,等.端粒酶催化亚基基因表达激活人胚肺成纤维细胞端粒酶活性[J].军事医学科学院院刊,2002:26(2):96 98.
    [26] 施继敏,丁伟,黄河.端粒重复序列结合因子在肾脏肿瘤中的表达水平.浙江大学学报(医学版),2004:33(6):497-452.
    [27] 杨帆,李明远.端粒及端粒酶对细胞衰老的影响[J].医学综述,2005:11(3):197—199.
    [28] 曹瑞珍,薛艳,张丽伟。端粒、端粒酶和肿瘤、细胞衰老.内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2006:21(2):188—192.
    [29] Kim NW, Piatyszek NA, Prowse KP, et al. Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer. Science, 1994,266:2011-2015
    [30] Chen JL. Greider CW. Telomerase RNA structure and function implications for dyskeratosis congenita[J]. Trends Biochem Sci, 2004, 29(4): 183—190
    [31] 王丛笑 刘吉勇,赵跃然.正反义人端粒酶RNA组分(hTR)逆转录病毒真核表达载体的构建.中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志,2005:12(1):51.
    [32] Feng J, Funk WD, Wang SS, et al. the DNA component of human telomerase. Science, 1995, 269 : 1236-1241
    [33] Beattie TL, Zhou W. Robinson MO, et al. Reconstitution of telomerase activity in vitro[J]. Curt Biol, 1998, 8(3): 177—180.
    [34] Chen JL, Greider CW. Template boundary definition in mammalian telomerase[J]. Genes Dev, 2003, 17(22): 2747—2752.
    [35] Leeper T, Leuliot N, Varanl G. The solution structure of an essential stem-loop of human telomerase RNA [J]. Nucleic Acids Research. 2003; 31(10): 2614-2621.
    [36] 杜贻鹏,周俊宜.人类端粒酶RNA组分的研究进展.热带医学杂志,2006:6(1):97-100
    [37] Lai CK, Mitchel JR, Conins K. RNA binding domain of telomerase reverse transcriptase[J]. Mol Cel Biol, 2001, 21(4): 990-1000.
    [38] 徐文怀,鞠晓明,李涵.大肠癌组织和正常黏膜中端粒酶活性表达及临床意义.北京大学学报(医学版),2001:33(1):10-12.
    [39] 马艳萍,邹萍,肖娟.脐血造血干/祖细胞端粒酶相关蛋白基因hTERT和TEP1的表达及意义.中华血液学杂志,2002:23(4):183—187.
    [40] Kleideiter E, Bangerter U, Schwab M, et al. Telomeres and telomerase in paediatric patients with T-cell acute lymphobastic leukemia(T-All)[J]. Leukemia, 2005, 19(2): 296-298.
    [41] Bryce LA, Mom son N , Hoare SF, etal. Mapping of the gene for the human telomerase reverse transeriptase, hTERT, to chromosome 5p15.33 by fluorescence in situ hybridization[J]. Neop/as/a, 2000, 2(3): 197-201.
    [42] Armbmster BN, Etheridge KT, Broccoli D, et al. Putative telome-recruiting dormain in the catalytic submit of human telomerase[J]. Mol Cell Biol, 2003, 23(9) : 3237—3246.
    [43] 丁健.端粒酶催化亚基hTERT在肿瘤治疗中的研究进展.中国癌症杂志,2006:16(7):584—589.
    [44] Oh S, Song YH, Yim J, Kim TK. Identification of Mad as a repressor of the human telomerase(hTERT)gene[J]. Oncogen , 2000, 19(11): 1485—1490.
    [45] Kyo S, Takakura M, Taira T, et al. Spl coperates with c—Myc to activate transcription of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene(hTERT)[J]. Nucleic Acids ICes, 2000, 28(3): 669-677.
    [46] Linger J, Hunghes TR, Shevchenkv A, et al. Reverse transcriptase motifs in, the catalytic subunit of telomerase. Science, 1997,276:561-564.
    [47] Huang JJ, Lin MC, Bai YX, et al. Ectopic expression of a terminal fragment of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase leads to telomere dysfunction and reduction of growth and tumorigenicity in Heha cells[]]. Cancer Res,2002, 62 (11): 3226—3232.
    [48] Folini M, Brambilla C, Villa R, et al. Antisense oligonucleotide—mediated inhibition of hTERT, but not hTERC, induces rapid cell growth decline and apo ptosis in the absence of telomere shortening in human prostate cancer cells[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2005, 41(4): 624-634.
    [49] Counter CM, Hahn WC, Wer W, et al. Dissociation among in vitro telomerase activity, telomere maintenance, and cellular immortalization. Proc Natl Acid Sci USA, 1998;95:14723-14728
    [50] 张贵年.大肠癌与端粒酶活性及其有关因子的相关性研究.2002年广西医科大学硕士研究生论文.40.
    [51] 43 Bodnar AG, Ouellette M, Frolkis M, et al. Extensionof life-span by introduction of telomerase into normal human cells. Science, 1998,279:349-352
    [52] Herbert B, Pitts AE, Baker SI et al. Inhibition of human telomerase in immortal human cells leads to progressive telomere shortening and cell death. Proc Nati Acad Sci USA, 1999,96:14276
    [53] 孔虹,于成国.端粒酶hTERT基因转录调节的研究进展.国外医学临床生物化学与检验学分册,2005:26(8):526-529.
    [54] 钱文斌,金洁,童茵。急性白血病患者白血病细胞TRF1和Tankyrase 1 mRNA表达的研究。中华血液学杂志,2004(25):567—568
    [55] 李伟,李玉林,张丽红.乳腺良恶性病变组织端粒长度和端粒酶活性检测.临床与实验病理学杂志,2004;20(2):206—209.
    [56] 肖创映,周福祥,刘诗权.人喉鳞癌细胞端粒长度与放射敏感性的关系探讨.肿瘤防治研究,2005:(32):193—195.
    [57] 张汉英,黎丹戎.端粒、端粒长度、端粒酶活性与卵巢癌发生的关系.中国医学文摘·肿瘤学,2005:(19):333—335.
    [58] MiguelA, Rubio,AlbertR, etal. Telomerelengthmediatesthe effectsof telomeraseOn the cellular response to genotoxic sn℃Css. Exp cell Res.2004, 298: 17.
    [59] Arturo J, Londono V. Telomere length heterogeneity and chromosome instability. Cancer Letters. 2004, 212: 125.
    [60] David G, Hiromi T, Brittney—Shea H. Telomere dysfunction in aging and cancer. Int J Biochemistry cell Biology, 2005, 37:100
    [61] 史进方,卢莉莉,顾国浩.端粒及端粒长度研究新进展.苏州医学,2006;29(1): 54—57.
    [62] Steven E, Artandi, Laura D, et al. Pathways connecting telomeres and p53 in senescence, apoptosiso and Cancer, Biocherm Biophys Res Commun, 2005, 331: 881.
    [63] Jorge J, George A M,de Lange T, et al. T—loops at trypanosome telomeres[,J]. EMBO J, 2001, 20(3): 579—588.
    [64] Perrem K, Colgin L M, Neumann A A, et al. Coexistence of alternative lengthening of telomeres and telomerase in hTERT—transfected GM847 cells[J]. Mol Cell Biol, 2001, 21(12): 3862—3875.
    [65] Cerone M A, Londono-Vallejo J A, Bacchetti S. Telomere main—tenance by telomerase and by recombination can coexist in human cells[,J]. Hum Mol Genet, 2001, 10(18): 1945—1952.
    [66] 姜英华,黄迪南,祝其锋.端粒长度调控机制的研究进展.肿瘤防治杂志,2004:(11):93—97.
    [67] Liu JP Studies of the molecular mechanisms inhibition of telomerase activity. FASEB J, 1999, 13: 2091—210.
    [68] Lehner R, Enomoto T, McGregor JA, etal. Quantitative analysis of telomerase hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity in endometrioid adenocarcinoma and in normal endometrium. Gynecol Oncol, 2002, 84(1): 120—125.
    [69] Forsythe H—L, Jarvis JL, Turner JW , et al. Stable association of hsp90 and p23, but Not hsp70, with active human telomerase. J Biol Chemo 2001,276(19): 15571-15574.
    [70] 刘卫军,丁健.端粒酶活性调节的分子机制.生理科学进展,2001:32(3):220—224.
    [71] Chen HJ, Cho CL, Liang CL, et al. Differential telomerase expression and telomere length in primary intracranial tumors. Chang Gung Med J, 2001, 24(6):352
    [72] Remes K, Norrback KF, Rosenquist R, et al. Telomere length and telomerase activity in malignant lymphomas at diagnosis and relapse. Br J Cancer, 2000,82(3): 601
    [73] 方杰,刘书漫,吴景兰.胃癌组织端粒长度的变化.肿瘤基础与临床,2006:19(5):367-370.
    [74] 温洪涛,张蕾,樊青霞.食管鳞癌组织中端粒长度测定.郑州大学学报(医学版),2006:41(3):404—406.
    [75] Idei T, Sakamoto H, YamamotoT, et al. Terminal restriction fragments of telomere are detectable in plasma and their length correlates with clinical status of ovarian cancer patients. J Int Med Res, 2002, 30(3): 244—50.
    [76] 李伟,李玉林,张丽红.乳腺良恶性病变组织端粒长度和端粒酶活性检测.临床与实验病理学杂志,2004;20(2):206—209.
    [77] Sharpless NE, DePinho RA. Telomeres. stem cells. Senescence and cancer[J].J Clin Invest, 2004, 113(2): 160—168.
    [78] 赵慧,邵俊峰,王金梁.端粒、端粒酶与肿瘤.中华临床医学杂志,2006:7(5):33—34.
    [79] 苏欣欣.端粒酶在肿瘤研究中的新进展.山西医药杂志,2006:35(10):912—913.
    [80] 祝利民,徐振华.端粒、端粒酶与肿瘤的研究进展.中医药学刊,2006:2(2):311.
    [81] 墙华.端粒酶活性抑制与肿瘤治疗的研究进展.宁夏医学院学报,2005:27(4):327—330.
    [82] 卫立辛,吴孟超.端粒酶:肿瘤治疗研究的新希望.中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志,2006:13(5):325—327.
    [83] Xi L, Chen G, Zhou J, et al. Inhibition of telomerase enhances apoptosis induced by sodium butyrate via mitochondrial pathway[J]. Apoptosis, 2006, 11(5): 789-798.
    [84] 程旭,陈子兴,王玮.急性白血病患者端粒长度、端粒酶活性、端粒酶逆转录酶及TRF1的表达和相互关系的研究.肿瘤,2005:25(5):488—491.
    [85] 刘剑仑,葛莲英,黎丹戎.大肠癌端粒长度变化的研究.现代肿瘤医学,2006:14(1):57-58.
    [86] 张方信,谢咏梅,邓芝云.大肠癌中端粒长度与DCC基因mRNA表达的研究.中华医学遗传学杂志,2001:18(3):187—190.
    [87] 倪仲琳,郑瑾滢,朱少俊.大肠癌和大肠腺瘤组织中端粒酶活性表达及意义.实用医学杂志,2006:22(19):2231—2233.
    [88] Shay JW, Bacchetti S. A survey of telomerase activity in human cancer.Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997,33:787-791
    [89] 王亚国,骆杰.粪中脱落细胞端粒酶活性检测筛查大肠癌初探.实用全科医学,2006:4(2):151—152.
    [90] 王旭.端粒酶在结肠良、恶性病变中的表达及其意义的研究.中华腹部疾病杂志,2006:6(11):781—783.
    [91] 谢裕安,葛莲英,刘剑仑,等.大肠癌端粒酶及其相关因子表达的研究.广西医科大学学报,2006;23(4):553—556.
    [92] 秦海春,郭强,范红.大肠癌组织端粒酶活性的定量检测.中国误诊学杂 志,2005:5(6):1108—1109.
    [93] 丁金丽,刘芳芳,于成国.端粒酶抑制剂的研究进展.日本医学介绍,2006:27(10):473—475.
    [94] 邓欣,杨大国,吴其恺,等.正肝方及其拆方影响人肝癌细胞增殖及端粒酶活性的体外实验研究.中国中西医结合急救杂志,2005:12(6):338—340.
    [95] 李慧波,尤昭玲.中药对端粒酶的影响研究进展.中医药导报,2006:12(10):82—83.
    [96] 武晓群,周坤福.中医药对端粒、端粒酶影响的研究概况.江苏中医药,2003;26(4):59—61.
    [97] 伍倩,董淳.六味地黄汤度其补、泻组分的抗衰老作用厦机制.中药药理与临床,2003;19(3):6.
    [97] 范钰.β—榄香烯对不同分化程度胃癌细胞株端粒酶活性及细胞凋亡的影响.胃肠病学,2001:6(1):11.
    [98] 邹朝中,吴侯,于志国.双灵固本散对肝癌细胞端粒酶及细胞凋亡的研究.浙江中医杂志,2006:41(7):419—420.
    [99] 张玲,王芸,毛海婷,等.淫羊藿甙抑制肿瘤细胞端粒酶活性及其调节机制的研究[J].中国免疫学杂志,2002;18(3):191—194.
    [101] 侯华新,黎丹戎,秦箐,等.黄芩黄酮A对人肝癌细胞7402的抑制能力及体外增效作用[J].中国临床药学杂志,2000:9(3):166—168.
    [102] 程颖.大肠癌内科治疗的现状[J].实用肿瘤学杂志,2002:16(1):69.
    [103] 张代昭.张代昭治癌经验辑要[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2001.3.
    [104] 陈乃杰,金源.中医辨证配合MLF方案治疗晚期大肠癌26例临床观察.福建医药杂志,1998:20(6):66.
    [105] 张新,孙华,李亚东,等.孙桂芝治疗大肠癌经验[J].山东中医杂志,1998:17(4):173.
    [106] 张福忠,于庆生.中西医结合治疗结肠癌106例[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2001:3(4):253.
    [107] 潘明继.中西医结合治疗260例中晚期大肠癌的疗效观察[J].中医杂志,2000;37(4):218.
    [108] 刘静安,张悦红.中西医结合治疗大肠癌术后154例临床观察[J].中草药,2000:31(5):367.
    [109] 郭志雄.扶正抑癌汤在大肠癌术后治疗中的作用观察[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,1999:5(1):10.
    [110] 李侠,孟静岩.中医药抗大肠癌的研究进展.天津中医学院学报,2004:23 (2):97—99
    [110] 郑述建,肖颖.平消胶囊配合化疗治疗恶性肿瘤临床疗效观察.河北医学,2005;11(8):768-769.
    [112] 杨玉国,李建,马元华等.华蟾素联合介入化疗治疗中晚期肝癌疗效观察.实用中医药杂志,2006:22(1):20.
    [113] 上海第二医科大学附属瑞金医院中医科.康赛迪胶囊治疗30例大肠癌患者临床观察[J].中国临床,1998;9:32.
    [114] 张可领,孟幼华,周辉等.康赛迪胶囊对食管癌放疗患者细胞免疫功能的影响.现代肿瘤医学,2004;12(6):537-538.
    [115] 徐修礼,张建芳,刘宝瑞.川芎素对大肠癌细胞moser的影响及其与化疗药物的协同作用.肿瘤,2002,22(2):107-108.
    [116] 丁玉玲,徐爱秀.莪术油及其有效组分抗肿瘤研究.中药材,2005:28(2):152-155.
    [117] 谭晓华.表没食子儿茶素对LOVO细胞生长周期的影响和诱导其凋亡的研究[J].中国药理学通报,1999:15(1):56.
    [118] 赵斌,葛金芳,李俊.喜树碱抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展.安徽医药,2006.10(1):2-5.
    [119] 姚和瑞.三氧化二砷对大肠癌细胞的生长抑制作用[J].现代临床医学生物工程学杂志,2000;6(11):18.
    [120] Suda K.原人参萜二醇皂甙的肠细菌代谢物对肿瘤诱导新血管形成的抑制作用[J].和汉医药学杂志,2002:17(4):144.
    [121] 唐晓玲,唐敏,陈荣.中医药对大肠癌患者免疫功能影响的研究进展.中国中医药信息杂志,2005;12(11):104-105.
    [122] 侯冰宝.康莱特对晚期大肠癌患者NK细胞活性、sIL-2R、TNF-α影响的研究[J].实用肿瘤杂志,1999:14(6):383.
    [123] 邹明.七叶皂甙钠抑制大肠癌HCT-8细胞生长及提高癌细胞对5-氟尿嘧啶敏感性的研究[J].中华消化杂志,2001:21(4):248;
    [124] 王文萍,王垂杰.中医学对大肠癌肿瘤转移的认识及对策.中医药学刊,2002:15(20):41-43.
    [125] 叶任高,陆再英.内科学(第6版),北京:人民卫生出版社,2006,417—420.
    [126] 郑筱萸.中药新药临床研究指导原则(试行).北京:中国医药科技出版社,2002:361—364.
    [127] Swan DC,Tucher NA, Holloway BP, et al. A senstitive type-specific, fluorogenic probe assay for detection of human papillomavirus DNA. J Clin Microbiol, 1997,34(12):886-891.
    [128] 张方信,张学庸,樊代明.端粒酶研究进展[J].国外医学临床生物化学与检验分册,1997;1:4~5.
    [88] Shay JW, Baccbetti S. A survey of telomerase activity in human cancer[J]. Eur J Cancer, 1997,33:787 791
    [93] 秦海春,郭强,范红等.大肠癌组织端粒酶活性的定量检测.中国误诊学杂志,2005:5(6),1108—1109.
    [129] 钱立庭,刘新帆.影响直肠癌预后的分子标志物.国外医学肿瘤学分册,2002;29(5)390—394.
    [130] Gary M, Clark, kent O ,et al. Telomerase activity and survival of patients with Nodepositive[J].Breast cancer, 1997,89:1874-1881.
    [131] KakejiY, Maehara Y, Koga T, et al, Gastric cancer with high telomerase activity shows rapid development and invasiveness. Oncol Rep. 2001, 8(1):107—110.
    [132] 宋盛晗,董新舒,王锡山,等.大肠癌及其转移淋巴结中端粒酶活性的研究.2002:36(1):29—31.
    [133] 葛莲英,刘剑仑,张贵年.大肠癌与端粒酶活性相关性的研究.中华试验外科杂志,2002:19(6):516—517.
    [134] Nakamura TM, Morin GB, Chapman KB. Telomerase catalytic submit homologues from fission yeast and human[J]. Science, 1997,277:955
    [45] Kyo S, Kanaya T, Takakura M, etal. Human telomerase reverse transciriptase as a critical determinant of telomerase activity in normal and malignant endometrial tissues[J]. Int J cancer, 1999,80:60
    [135] Tchirkov A, Rolhion C, Kemeny J L, etal. Clinical implications of quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis of hTERT gene expression in human gliomas[J].Br J Cancer, 2003,88:516-520.
    [136] Shao JC, Wu JF, Wang DB, et al, Relationship between the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene and cell cycle regulators in gastric cancer and its significance. World J Gastroenterol. 2003, 9(3):427—431.
    [137] Ramakishnan S, EPpenbergerU, Muller, etal. Expression profile of the Putative catalytic submit of the telomerase gene[J].Cance Res, 1998,58:622-625.
    [138] 杨传标,连黛胶囊治疗胃肠肿瘤临床疗效观察与分子机理研究.广州中医药大学2001届博士学位论文.
    [139] 田智勇,李振国.黄连的研究新进展.时珍国医国药,2004:15(10):704-706.
    [140] 唐发清、田道法、易红.益气解毒片对鼻咽癌细胞端粒酶和端粒酶RNA抑制作用的实验研究.湖南中医学院学报,2000:20(1):15—16.
    [141] 唐发清、湛兵来、田道法.益气解毒片对鼻咽癌细胞基因表达的影响.湖南中医学院学报,1998:18(2):14—16.
    [142] 胡运莲,刘桂喜,谭大琪.加味左金丸对胃癌癌前病变增值细胞核抗原和端粒酶活性的影响.中医肿瘤,2006:15(6):366—368.
    [143] 张群,邹爱东,阚玉梅.青黛的临床应用与不良反应.实用药物与临床,2004:7(3): 45—47.
    [144] 崔岚,祝德秋,安富荣.吴茱萸碱药理作用研究进展.2005:12(6):108-111.
    [145] Ogasawara M, Suzuki H. Inhibition by evodiamine of hepatocyte growth factor-induced invasion and migration of tumor cells[J].Biol Pharm Bull, 2004,27(4): 578.
    [146] 徐锦堂,王立群,徐蓓.黄连研究进展.中国医学科学院学报,2004:26(6):704—707.
    [147] 郭淑杰.小檗碱对人胃癌细胞作用靶基因分离和连黛片治疗术后胃癌大肠癌的初步临床观察.广州中医药大学97届博士研究生论文.
    [148] 邹移海,黄韧,连至诚等.中医试验动物学.广州:暨南大学出版社,1999.89.
    [149] Murakami J Nagai N, Shigema K, et al. lnhibition of telomerase activity and cell proliferation by a transcriptase inhibition in gynecological cancer cell lines[J].Eur J Cancer,,1999,35(6):1027 1031.
    [150] Melana SM, Holland JF, Pogo BG. Inhibition of cell growth and telomerase activity of breast cancer cells intro by 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine[J].Clin Cancer Res, 1998,4(3):693 696.
    [151] 周峻,金岩,何勇,等.端粒酶抑制剂对舌癌细胞株端粒酶活性和细胞周期的作用[J].中国癌症杂志,2002:12(2):110 112.
    [152] 张火俊,田建明,王培军.瘤内注射端粒酶抑制剂AZT对大鼠种植性肝癌的影响.第二军医大学学报,2005:26(10):1140-1143.
    [153] 李红梅,辛晓燕,杜辉.逆转录酶抑制剂(AZT)对人卵巢癌细胞系H0—8910细胞超微结构和增殖的影响.肿瘤,2003:123(1):25—27.
    [154] 唐发清,吴尚辉,文忠.益气解毒片对鼻咽癌细胞裸鼠植瘤细胞端粒酶抑制作用的实验研究.中国中医药科技,1999:6(4):218—222.
    [155] 常金荣.吴茱萸碱和小檗碱对大肠癌HT29细胞的抑瘤机理.广州中药大学2004级博士研究生论文.
    [156] 刘成霞,张尚忠,张孝卫.丁酸钠抑制二甲基肼诱发小鼠大肠癌的实验研究.癌症,2005:24(8):930—934.
    [157] 何敏,蒋玉艳,朱淼.AZT对肝癌细胞端粒酶活性及相关蛋白表达的影响.癌症,2006:25(5):543—54.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700