南堡凹陷柳赞区块岩性—地层油气藏预测研究
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摘要
岩性-地层油气藏勘探是国内未来石油增储的主要方向,目前的岩性-地层油气藏预测理论与方法比较成熟,但对于我国东部大多数陆相断陷盆地中沉积和构造运动均复杂的凸起边缘地区进行岩性油藏预测,尚需要深入研究。论文针对近源大小扇体多期叠置与镶嵌、多期复杂的构造运动引起的断裂破碎与剥蚀频繁等所导致的地震反射连续性差、井间可对比性差问题,从地层格架入手,通过沉积体系约束下的储层反演实现研究区的精细储层预测。
针对横向对比困难的特点,利用井震融合技术结合传统层序地层序分析方法,坚持大尺度上由地震信息控制,小尺度上由精细的井信息对比控制的原则。实现了研究区等时地层划分对比,对古近纪地层划分了3个二级层序和7个三级层序。
通过时空演化构造解释认为:柳赞构造是被断层复杂化的滚动背斜构造,不同于前人差异压实作用所致的同沉积背斜认识。盆缘柏各庄断层沙三、沙一时期活动的不均衡性控制了构造的形成,沙三、沙一时期两次差异沉陷,夹持在柏各庄和高柳断层之间的地层向东倾滑是柳赞构造形成的主要原因,明化镇期东部高柳断裂侧向撕裂作用进一步复杂了柳赞背斜构造。
通过对主要层序沉积体系研究,得出近源-陡坡型盆地边缘的研究区,主要以冲积扇、扇三角洲和水下扇沉积体系为主。在SQ2低位域期主要发育水下扇体系,水进至高位域沉积期,主要发育陡坡型扇三角洲体系,多物源供给,扇体朵叶状明显。在SQ4沉积期过渡为冲积扇体系。SQ5沉积时期再次演化为扇三角洲沉积体系,且规模较大。
在研究区储层分析的基础上,针对目的层段砂泥岩波阻抗值域范围重叠较多的地质现象,利用电阻率曲线拟合声波反演波阻抗后进行储层参数随机模拟反演。反演中通过地震属性、沉积规律约束测井曲线标准化处理,实现相控储层横向预测。从反演的结果分析,反演体的剖面与平面信息均与沉积规律及测井吻合很好。
通过层序地层、沉积体系、构造格架与油气分布规律研究,精确预测岩性油藏潜力目标。SQ2、SQ3、SQ4层序柳西坡折处发育小型扇三角洲、低位扇,该区总体勘探程度较低,且柳9井在SQ4层序底部获得工业油流,是寻找岩性油气藏的最大潜力区;SQ5层序内主要在柳中背斜带南端有深断裂沟通油源区域寻找分流河道岩性油气藏。
Exploration on lithology-stratigraphy oil-gas pools is the main direction of reserve increasing in the future. Theories and techniques of the prediction of subtle reservoirs are mature. To most continental rift-subsidence basins in east China, sedimentary and structural movements are complex in heave margin areas and prediction of lithologic oil-gas pools still need lucubrate. Seismic continuity is dispatch and well contrasting is difficult in this area. The paper established the stratigraphic frameworks, studied depositional systems and then predicted reservoirs finely by reservoir inverse.
Aimed at the difficulty in well contrasting, the paper used well-seismic combined classification demarcation technique in stratigraphy division. Seismics controlled the large scale contrasting and wells controlled the small scale contrasting. Sequence stratigraphy frameworks were established by dividing 3 second-order sequences, 7 third-order sequences.
Space time evolvement seismic interpretation showed the Liuzan structure was a roll anticline complicated by faults. The anticline formed between two different subsidences in Sha 3 and Sha1 periods. The anticline was nipped in Bogezhuang fault and Gaoliu fault. In the east, Gaoliu fault’s side avulsion during Minghua period further complicated the Liuzan anticline. Different subsidences in this area were controlled by Bogezhuang fault’s imbalance activity. The imbalance activities also controlled the structural configuration and fault characters. North north bend normal faults developed in Liuxi and Liuzhong areas and south bend faults developed in Liudong area.
Sedimentary systems were identified and main sedimentary facies were established in Liuzan area including brim fans of steep slope, shallow lake, half-deep lake and fore-delta turbidic fan of low-lying of middle part and braided fluvial delta-coastal shallow lake of southern gentle slope. Distribution of depositional systems was studied. Liuzan area was on the deep slope margin and the main depositional systems were fan delta and sublacustrine fan and lacustrine system. Lacustrine system was developed in LST of SQ2 and fan deltas were developed in TST and HST. There developed multi-sources, so the lobation shape of fan delta was evident. Alluvion was the main depositional systems of SQ4 and fan deltas were main depositional systems of SQ5.
On the basis of reservoir analysis, resistance logging was used in impedance inverse. In inverse, analysis of seismic attribute and processing of sedimentary rule inhibiting in log standardization helped in realizing of facies controlling reservoir horizontal prediction. Inversion result showed profile and plane information inosculated well with sedimentary rules and drilling results.
Analysis of sequence stratigraphy, depositional systems and structure frameworks and oil and gas distribution rules predicted potential reservoir targets finely. SQ2, SQ3 and SQ4 developed lower fans in the Liuxi slope break. Total exploration degree was relatively low and Liu 9 gained industrial oil in SQ4 sequence. So Liuxi area was the best potential area of lithology reservoirs. SQ5 in Liuzhong area was favorable area in finding fluvial lithology reservoirs.
针对横向对比困难的特点,利用井震融合技术结合传统层序地层序分析方法,坚持大尺度上由地震信息控制,小尺度上由精细的井信息对比控制的原则。实现了研究区等时地层划分对比,对古近纪地层划分了3个二级层序和7个三级层序。
通过时空演化构造解释认为:柳赞构造是被断层复杂化的滚动背斜构造,不同于前人差异压实作用所致的同沉积背斜认识。盆缘柏各庄断层沙三、沙一时期活动的不均衡性控制了构造的形成,沙三、沙一时期两次差异沉陷,夹持在柏各庄和高柳断层之间的地层向东倾滑是柳赞构造形成的主要原因,明化镇期东部高柳断裂侧向撕裂作用进一步复杂了柳赞背斜构造。
通过对主要层序沉积体系研究,得出近源-陡坡型盆地边缘的研究区,主要以冲积扇、扇三角洲和水下扇沉积体系为主。在SQ2低位域期主要发育水下扇体系,水进至高位域沉积期,主要发育陡坡型扇三角洲体系,多物源供给,扇体朵叶状明显。在SQ4沉积期过渡为冲积扇体系。SQ5沉积时期再次演化为扇三角洲沉积体系,且规模较大。
在研究区储层分析的基础上,针对目的层段砂泥岩波阻抗值域范围重叠较多的地质现象,利用电阻率曲线拟合声波反演波阻抗后进行储层参数随机模拟反演。反演中通过地震属性、沉积规律约束测井曲线标准化处理,实现相控储层横向预测。从反演的结果分析,反演体的剖面与平面信息均与沉积规律及测井吻合很好。
通过层序地层、沉积体系、构造格架与油气分布规律研究,精确预测岩性油藏潜力目标。SQ2、SQ3、SQ4层序柳西坡折处发育小型扇三角洲、低位扇,该区总体勘探程度较低,且柳9井在SQ4层序底部获得工业油流,是寻找岩性油气藏的最大潜力区;SQ5层序内主要在柳中背斜带南端有深断裂沟通油源区域寻找分流河道岩性油气藏。
Exploration on lithology-stratigraphy oil-gas pools is the main direction of reserve increasing in the future. Theories and techniques of the prediction of subtle reservoirs are mature. To most continental rift-subsidence basins in east China, sedimentary and structural movements are complex in heave margin areas and prediction of lithologic oil-gas pools still need lucubrate. Seismic continuity is dispatch and well contrasting is difficult in this area. The paper established the stratigraphic frameworks, studied depositional systems and then predicted reservoirs finely by reservoir inverse.
Aimed at the difficulty in well contrasting, the paper used well-seismic combined classification demarcation technique in stratigraphy division. Seismics controlled the large scale contrasting and wells controlled the small scale contrasting. Sequence stratigraphy frameworks were established by dividing 3 second-order sequences, 7 third-order sequences.
Space time evolvement seismic interpretation showed the Liuzan structure was a roll anticline complicated by faults. The anticline formed between two different subsidences in Sha 3 and Sha1 periods. The anticline was nipped in Bogezhuang fault and Gaoliu fault. In the east, Gaoliu fault’s side avulsion during Minghua period further complicated the Liuzan anticline. Different subsidences in this area were controlled by Bogezhuang fault’s imbalance activity. The imbalance activities also controlled the structural configuration and fault characters. North north bend normal faults developed in Liuxi and Liuzhong areas and south bend faults developed in Liudong area.
Sedimentary systems were identified and main sedimentary facies were established in Liuzan area including brim fans of steep slope, shallow lake, half-deep lake and fore-delta turbidic fan of low-lying of middle part and braided fluvial delta-coastal shallow lake of southern gentle slope. Distribution of depositional systems was studied. Liuzan area was on the deep slope margin and the main depositional systems were fan delta and sublacustrine fan and lacustrine system. Lacustrine system was developed in LST of SQ2 and fan deltas were developed in TST and HST. There developed multi-sources, so the lobation shape of fan delta was evident. Alluvion was the main depositional systems of SQ4 and fan deltas were main depositional systems of SQ5.
On the basis of reservoir analysis, resistance logging was used in impedance inverse. In inverse, analysis of seismic attribute and processing of sedimentary rule inhibiting in log standardization helped in realizing of facies controlling reservoir horizontal prediction. Inversion result showed profile and plane information inosculated well with sedimentary rules and drilling results.
Analysis of sequence stratigraphy, depositional systems and structure frameworks and oil and gas distribution rules predicted potential reservoir targets finely. SQ2, SQ3 and SQ4 developed lower fans in the Liuxi slope break. Total exploration degree was relatively low and Liu 9 gained industrial oil in SQ4 sequence. So Liuxi area was the best potential area of lithology reservoirs. SQ5 in Liuzhong area was favorable area in finding fluvial lithology reservoirs.
引文
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