基于PLC与组态软件的城市隧道监控系统的集成
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摘要
当今城市交通建设的发展步伐越来越快,公路隧道越来越多,隧道的监控系统也伴随着城市建设迅速地发展了起来。本文以武汉首义广场地下通道为背景,详细阐述了基于Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)、Controller AreaNetwork(CAN)总线以及组态软件的隧道监控系统的集成方法。
本文在研究组态软件、PLC与CAN总线的基础上,结合实例介绍了PLC的程序设计以及CAN总线的网络互联,并根据整个系统的结构,详细介绍了各个子系统模块的设计、功能以及特点。然后,从界面集成和数据集成两方面描述了本系统的集成。具体集成工作如下:
(1)界面集成首先介绍了界面集成技术的一般要求和流程,并根据本项目中各子系统模块的开发情况,从状态显示界面和设备控制界面两个部分介绍了本系统的界面集成。然后介绍了组态软件功能强大的图形工具箱,并详细说明了利用组态软件对本系统进行界面集成的过程,并展示说明了实现后的界面效果图。
(2)数据集成首先,详细介绍了连接上位机组态软件和下位机PLC,起到桥梁作用的实时数据库的基本要求,描述了实时数据库的特点、功能以及结构,其次设计了本系统数据库。然后在介绍了基于组态软件的数据集成方法的基础上,根据本系统的特点,采用了组态软件与PLC的串行通讯来进行数据集成。详细阐述了通过组态软件创建的虚拟I/O设备与实际PLC之间的变量映射,实现对终端设备数据进行交换与集成,并通过组态软件利用创建记录体和表格模板的方式实现与SQL数据库进行数据交换、存储。最后,使用VC编写车检器串行通信的接口程序,并结合组态软件的动态数据交换(DDE),实现了对车检器子系统的集成。
Nowadays the development steps of urban traffic is more and more quick, tunnels traffic is more and more,along with the quick development of urban traffic construction,tunnel monitor and controller system has gotten quickly development. This thesis is based on the tunnel of Shou Yi square in WuHan,which elaborates the integration methods of tunnel monitor and controller system base on PLC and CAN-bus and Configuration software.
This thesis is based on PLC and CAN-bus and Configuration software,refer to practice to show the programme designing in PLC and the network structure of CAN-bus.In the thesis elaborates designing,functions and characters of every model according to the whole structure of system.Then,from interfaces integration and data integration two aspects discuss system integration.The main contents of work are:
(1)interface integration.Firstly,introduces common requirements and workflows of interface integration technologies,elaborates the interface integration from displaying state interfaces and controlling devices interfaces according to the development station of every model in the whole system.Then introduces the big power functional graphic tools box,in details show the process of the integration system by using Configuration software,to implement interfaces for illustrating operation effect.
(2)data integration.Firstly,elaborates the basic requirements of real time database which is used connection for linking with Configuration and PLC,to illustrate the characters,functions and structure,then designs the system database. Bases on introducing the data integration methods of Configuration software,which is to adopt serial communication for implementing data integration between Configuration software and PLC according to the whole system characters.Then elaborates the variable map by using Configuration software between creating virtual I/O devices and PLC,realize data exchange and integration for terminal devices,and implements data exchange and integration with SQL database by creating bind and table template in Configuration software.At last,with the Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)available in Configuration software,design serial communication programme by myself using VC to realize the integration of the Car monitor subsystem.
本文在研究组态软件、PLC与CAN总线的基础上,结合实例介绍了PLC的程序设计以及CAN总线的网络互联,并根据整个系统的结构,详细介绍了各个子系统模块的设计、功能以及特点。然后,从界面集成和数据集成两方面描述了本系统的集成。具体集成工作如下:
(1)界面集成首先介绍了界面集成技术的一般要求和流程,并根据本项目中各子系统模块的开发情况,从状态显示界面和设备控制界面两个部分介绍了本系统的界面集成。然后介绍了组态软件功能强大的图形工具箱,并详细说明了利用组态软件对本系统进行界面集成的过程,并展示说明了实现后的界面效果图。
(2)数据集成首先,详细介绍了连接上位机组态软件和下位机PLC,起到桥梁作用的实时数据库的基本要求,描述了实时数据库的特点、功能以及结构,其次设计了本系统数据库。然后在介绍了基于组态软件的数据集成方法的基础上,根据本系统的特点,采用了组态软件与PLC的串行通讯来进行数据集成。详细阐述了通过组态软件创建的虚拟I/O设备与实际PLC之间的变量映射,实现对终端设备数据进行交换与集成,并通过组态软件利用创建记录体和表格模板的方式实现与SQL数据库进行数据交换、存储。最后,使用VC编写车检器串行通信的接口程序,并结合组态软件的动态数据交换(DDE),实现了对车检器子系统的集成。
Nowadays the development steps of urban traffic is more and more quick, tunnels traffic is more and more,along with the quick development of urban traffic construction,tunnel monitor and controller system has gotten quickly development. This thesis is based on the tunnel of Shou Yi square in WuHan,which elaborates the integration methods of tunnel monitor and controller system base on PLC and CAN-bus and Configuration software.
This thesis is based on PLC and CAN-bus and Configuration software,refer to practice to show the programme designing in PLC and the network structure of CAN-bus.In the thesis elaborates designing,functions and characters of every model according to the whole structure of system.Then,from interfaces integration and data integration two aspects discuss system integration.The main contents of work are:
(1)interface integration.Firstly,introduces common requirements and workflows of interface integration technologies,elaborates the interface integration from displaying state interfaces and controlling devices interfaces according to the development station of every model in the whole system.Then introduces the big power functional graphic tools box,in details show the process of the integration system by using Configuration software,to implement interfaces for illustrating operation effect.
(2)data integration.Firstly,elaborates the basic requirements of real time database which is used connection for linking with Configuration and PLC,to illustrate the characters,functions and structure,then designs the system database. Bases on introducing the data integration methods of Configuration software,which is to adopt serial communication for implementing data integration between Configuration software and PLC according to the whole system characters.Then elaborates the variable map by using Configuration software between creating virtual I/O devices and PLC,realize data exchange and integration for terminal devices,and implements data exchange and integration with SQL database by creating bind and table template in Configuration software.At last,with the Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)available in Configuration software,design serial communication programme by myself using VC to realize the integration of the Car monitor subsystem.
引文
[1]闻一武,徐晓明.浅谈南京玄武湖隧道监控系统[J].南京市政.2002,(2).
[2]段钉艳.我国智能交通系统应用现状[J].IB智能建筑与城市信息,2003(11):7-12
[3]张可.智能交通的国际技术发展动向及其在中国的发展[J].公路交通科技(应用技术版),2007(8):5-7
[4]虞致国,吴金勇,冷剑青等.隧道智能监控系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程,2004(22):167-168
[5]欧金成,欧世乐,林德杰等.组态软件的现状与发展[J].工业控制计算机,2005(4):1-5
[6]谌彦.工业过程监控组态软件的研究和开发:[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2004
[7]吴劲松.可编程控制器简介[J].鄂钢科技,2006(2):31-33
[8]李奇.可编程序控制器特点和基本原理[J].科技资讯,2007(29):80-81
[9]M.Fabian and A.Hellgren,"PLC-based implementation of supervisory control for discrete event systems," in Proc.37th IEEE Conf.Decision and Control,vol.3,1998,pp.3305-3310.
[10]P.Marino,E Poza,and J.B.Noguira,"Industrial LAN's with real-time communication servers," in Proc.IEEE Int.Symp.Industrial Electronics,vol.1,1997:23-28.
[11]B.Maaref,S.Nasri,and P.Sicard,"Communication system for industrial automation," in Proc.IEEE Int.Syrup.Industrial Electronics,vol.3,1997:1286-1291.
[12]Z.Futao,D.Wei,X.Yiheng,and H.Zhiren,"Programmable logic controller applied in steam generators water levels," in Proc.IEEE/IAS 31st Annu.Meeting Conf.Rec.,vol.3,1996,pp.1551-1556.
[13]Vince Pearce.Real-time remedy.Traffic Technology International,Dec 2000/Jan 2001:61-63
[14]Lei Lin;Houjun Wang;,Research on technique of real-time communication between programmable logic controller and microcomputer Communications,Circuits and Systems,2004.ICCCAS 2004.2004 International Conference on Volume 2,27-29 June 2004Page(s):1410-1413
[15]张文军.可编程控制器在现代工业中的应用[J].科技资讯,2005,(26):27-28
[16]胡剑波,褚健.PLC在隧道自动化中的应用[J].工业仪表与自动化装置,2000(2):35-36
[17]K.T.Erickson,Programmable logic controllers.IEEE Potentials,vol.15:14-17
[18]Roengruen,P.;Suesut,T.;Tipsuwanporn,V.;h,S.;Design of PLC networks using remote I/O module based on controller area network,Electrical and Computer Engineering,2001.Canadian Conference on Volume 2,13-16 May 2001:1023-1027
[19]Asakawa,S.;Kobayashi,M.;Nagase,R.;Kominato,T.;PLC connector with PLC-fiber physical contact for multichannel receptacle PLC modules for optical circuit board integration,Volume 21,March 2003 Page(s):821-830
[20]Younis,M.B.;Frey,G.;Formalization of PLC programs to sustain reliability;Volume 2,1-3Dec.2004 Page(s):613-618 vol.2
[21]Weidong Zhang,Zonghui Yuan.PLC Studies in China as a Contribution to the Development of International Standards.Environmental Electromagnetics,The 2006 4th Asia-Pacific Conference on Aug.2006:759-764
[22]张春花.CAN总线简介及其应用研究[J].山西科技,2004(1):15-16
[23]黄玉贤,蔺广逢,张媛,巨永锋.基于CAN总线技术的专用PLC之间的通信[J].现代电子技术,2004(12):53-54
[24]董建明 傅利民(美)Gavriel Salvendy,人机交互:以用户为中心的设计和评估[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2003,9
[25]罗仕鉴朱上上孙守迁.人机界面设计[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002,9
[26]黄靖,赵海光.软件复用、软件合成与软件集成[J].计算机应用研究,2004,(9):118-120.
[27]刘清芝,胡仰栋.面向对象的软件集成技术研究[J].计算机应用研究,2004,(8):76-79.
[28]王忠群,谢晓东.基于本体的异构软件集成技术的研究[J].安徽工程科技学院学报,2004,19(3):28-32.
[29]徐慧.信息系统集成技术与开发策略的研究[J].苏州大学学报,2003,19(4):39-46.
[30]聂志书.实时数据库的设计思想和实现技术[J].经济与社会发展,2006,4(11):153-155
[31]季玲莉,监控组态软件数据库的研究:[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2006
[32]杨华丽,石锐,胡捷.组态软件中实时数据库系统的设计与实现[J].实验技术与管理,2007,24(3):80-83
[33]边艳妮.组态王在公路隧道监控系统中的应用[J]交通标准化,2007(8):184-187
[34]袁向阳,郑宏,孟峰,刘横榕.基于PLC的高速公路隧道监控系统及其数据集成[J].建筑电气专刊电气应用,2006,8(4).34-39.
[35]杨永刚,杨继东.PLC与上位计算机串行通信的设计及研究[J].机械与电子,2004(8):68-70
[36]丁莉君.监控计算机与PLC数据通信的研究与应用[D]西安建筑科技大学,2007.
[37]周雪辉,朱永兴,吴燕翔.PLC与上位机的串行通信实现[J].上海水产大学学报,2004,13(2):189-192
[38]李双科,吴记群.Windows环境下计算机与PLC串行通信的实现[J].兰州高等工业专科学校学报,2005,12(2):30-33
[39]周鸣,曲凌.三菱PLC与上位机串行通信的实现[J].现代电子技术,2006(22):6-8
[40]郑健,成佳妮.组态王数据库访问在PLC控制系统中的应用[J].可编程控制器与工厂自动化,2007(2):74-75
[41]王华斌,袁景凌,夏红霞.交通监控系统中数据的采集与融合[J].湖北工业大学学报,2007,22(5):37-39
[42]李琳,郭文成.基于组态王的监控系统设计及数据处理[J].工业控制计算机,2006(1):70-71
[43]组态王Version6.52用户手册.北京亚控科技发展有限公司,2006
[44]可编程控制器应用技术与设计实例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[45]高宏岩,毕丽君,王毅.基于OPC技术的上位机与PLC之间的通信[J].可编程控制器与工厂自动化,2006(5):78-79
[2]段钉艳.我国智能交通系统应用现状[J].IB智能建筑与城市信息,2003(11):7-12
[3]张可.智能交通的国际技术发展动向及其在中国的发展[J].公路交通科技(应用技术版),2007(8):5-7
[4]虞致国,吴金勇,冷剑青等.隧道智能监控系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程,2004(22):167-168
[5]欧金成,欧世乐,林德杰等.组态软件的现状与发展[J].工业控制计算机,2005(4):1-5
[6]谌彦.工业过程监控组态软件的研究和开发:[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2004
[7]吴劲松.可编程控制器简介[J].鄂钢科技,2006(2):31-33
[8]李奇.可编程序控制器特点和基本原理[J].科技资讯,2007(29):80-81
[9]M.Fabian and A.Hellgren,"PLC-based implementation of supervisory control for discrete event systems," in Proc.37th IEEE Conf.Decision and Control,vol.3,1998,pp.3305-3310.
[10]P.Marino,E Poza,and J.B.Noguira,"Industrial LAN's with real-time communication servers," in Proc.IEEE Int.Symp.Industrial Electronics,vol.1,1997:23-28.
[11]B.Maaref,S.Nasri,and P.Sicard,"Communication system for industrial automation," in Proc.IEEE Int.Syrup.Industrial Electronics,vol.3,1997:1286-1291.
[12]Z.Futao,D.Wei,X.Yiheng,and H.Zhiren,"Programmable logic controller applied in steam generators water levels," in Proc.IEEE/IAS 31st Annu.Meeting Conf.Rec.,vol.3,1996,pp.1551-1556.
[13]Vince Pearce.Real-time remedy.Traffic Technology International,Dec 2000/Jan 2001:61-63
[14]Lei Lin;Houjun Wang;,Research on technique of real-time communication between programmable logic controller and microcomputer Communications,Circuits and Systems,2004.ICCCAS 2004.2004 International Conference on Volume 2,27-29 June 2004Page(s):1410-1413
[15]张文军.可编程控制器在现代工业中的应用[J].科技资讯,2005,(26):27-28
[16]胡剑波,褚健.PLC在隧道自动化中的应用[J].工业仪表与自动化装置,2000(2):35-36
[17]K.T.Erickson,Programmable logic controllers.IEEE Potentials,vol.15:14-17
[18]Roengruen,P.;Suesut,T.;Tipsuwanporn,V.;h,S.;Design of PLC networks using remote I/O module based on controller area network,Electrical and Computer Engineering,2001.Canadian Conference on Volume 2,13-16 May 2001:1023-1027
[19]Asakawa,S.;Kobayashi,M.;Nagase,R.;Kominato,T.;PLC connector with PLC-fiber physical contact for multichannel receptacle PLC modules for optical circuit board integration,Volume 21,March 2003 Page(s):821-830
[20]Younis,M.B.;Frey,G.;Formalization of PLC programs to sustain reliability;Volume 2,1-3Dec.2004 Page(s):613-618 vol.2
[21]Weidong Zhang,Zonghui Yuan.PLC Studies in China as a Contribution to the Development of International Standards.Environmental Electromagnetics,The 2006 4th Asia-Pacific Conference on Aug.2006:759-764
[22]张春花.CAN总线简介及其应用研究[J].山西科技,2004(1):15-16
[23]黄玉贤,蔺广逢,张媛,巨永锋.基于CAN总线技术的专用PLC之间的通信[J].现代电子技术,2004(12):53-54
[24]董建明 傅利民(美)Gavriel Salvendy,人机交互:以用户为中心的设计和评估[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2003,9
[25]罗仕鉴朱上上孙守迁.人机界面设计[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002,9
[26]黄靖,赵海光.软件复用、软件合成与软件集成[J].计算机应用研究,2004,(9):118-120.
[27]刘清芝,胡仰栋.面向对象的软件集成技术研究[J].计算机应用研究,2004,(8):76-79.
[28]王忠群,谢晓东.基于本体的异构软件集成技术的研究[J].安徽工程科技学院学报,2004,19(3):28-32.
[29]徐慧.信息系统集成技术与开发策略的研究[J].苏州大学学报,2003,19(4):39-46.
[30]聂志书.实时数据库的设计思想和实现技术[J].经济与社会发展,2006,4(11):153-155
[31]季玲莉,监控组态软件数据库的研究:[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2006
[32]杨华丽,石锐,胡捷.组态软件中实时数据库系统的设计与实现[J].实验技术与管理,2007,24(3):80-83
[33]边艳妮.组态王在公路隧道监控系统中的应用[J]交通标准化,2007(8):184-187
[34]袁向阳,郑宏,孟峰,刘横榕.基于PLC的高速公路隧道监控系统及其数据集成[J].建筑电气专刊电气应用,2006,8(4).34-39.
[35]杨永刚,杨继东.PLC与上位计算机串行通信的设计及研究[J].机械与电子,2004(8):68-70
[36]丁莉君.监控计算机与PLC数据通信的研究与应用[D]西安建筑科技大学,2007.
[37]周雪辉,朱永兴,吴燕翔.PLC与上位机的串行通信实现[J].上海水产大学学报,2004,13(2):189-192
[38]李双科,吴记群.Windows环境下计算机与PLC串行通信的实现[J].兰州高等工业专科学校学报,2005,12(2):30-33
[39]周鸣,曲凌.三菱PLC与上位机串行通信的实现[J].现代电子技术,2006(22):6-8
[40]郑健,成佳妮.组态王数据库访问在PLC控制系统中的应用[J].可编程控制器与工厂自动化,2007(2):74-75
[41]王华斌,袁景凌,夏红霞.交通监控系统中数据的采集与融合[J].湖北工业大学学报,2007,22(5):37-39
[42]李琳,郭文成.基于组态王的监控系统设计及数据处理[J].工业控制计算机,2006(1):70-71
[43]组态王Version6.52用户手册.北京亚控科技发展有限公司,2006
[44]可编程控制器应用技术与设计实例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[45]高宏岩,毕丽君,王毅.基于OPC技术的上位机与PLC之间的通信[J].可编程控制器与工厂自动化,2006(5):78-79