大温室温湿度远程监控系统
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摘要
为了实施有效的温室环境控制,把工业上比较成熟的、先进的控制手段引入到农业的生产中。我国对于现代化大型温室的研制已经进入了一个新的阶段。如何利用自动控制系统有效的控制温室室内环境,并进行高效的作物栽培管理,是目前温室研究的重要课题之一,对于提高我国温室制造业的水平有着重大的意义。
针对当前我国温室科技含量低、生产水平落后、现代化的智能温室几乎全部依赖进口的局面,本课题采用先进的计算机技术、微处理器控制技术和智能传感数据采集技术设计出温室计算机远程监控系统。本系统由一台PC机与多个微处理控制器装置组成主从式分布结构,下位机采用性价比高的单片机,主要实现对温室环境参数的数据采集和控制工作。上位机采用PC机,主要用于对环境参数数据的管理和对控制参数的设置工作。系统采用半双工式RS-485总线型通信网络和累加校验通信算法进行数据传输。利用VB6.0面向对象编程技术和Access数据库软件,开发出了交互的友好人机界面。通过实时读取和历史存储温室内环境参数值,实现了对温度、湿度、两个温室环境参数的管理,方便查阅。
实验研究表明:本系统具有一定的测控精度,系统根据作物生长的需要,实现了温室内温度、湿度两种重要环境因子变化的自动调节,为作物速生、优质、高产提供了良好的生长条件。本系统操作方便,界面良好,为用户提供了温室内的各种环境因子实时变化情况,并且可通过修改环境控制参数,实现了真正意义的在线干预温室运行的目的。本系统还具有运行可靠,性价比高,便于升级扩充等特点。
In order to control the environment effectively, many mature and advanced methods should be applied in the control-system of greenhouse. Now how to use automatic control system to control the environment effectively and how to manage crop growth effectively, are two important tasks in greenhouse research. It has much significance to improve the level of greenhouse manufacturing.
Now greenhouse of our country is low in scientific and technological content, the level of production is laggard, the modernized intellectual greenhouse nearly all rely on the import, this topic adopts advanced computer technology, micro-electronic control technology and sensor to design the remote monitor and control system of the greenhouse computer, this system makes up of one personal computer and a lot of controllers, which make up a principal and subordinate distributed structure. The slave machine adopts the single chip which has a high performance, and realizes the collection of the environmental parameters of the greenhouse and the system control. The master machine makes up of a personal computer which is used to control environmental parameters and set environmental parameters. The system adopts RS-485 bus in communication network. The communication is half duplex, using accumulate and cheek-up algorithm. Utilizing VB6.0 to face object database programming technology and access database software. We use a friendly man-machine interface. By reading and storing the real-time and environmental parameters' value in the greenhouse, the management to tow greenhouse environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity is realized. We can check the history data conveniently.
Research shows: this system has certain precision of monitor and control. According to the need that the crop grows, this system has realized the automatic control on tow environmental factors(temperature, humidity) in the greenhouse .And this system has offered a good growth condition for the crop that can grows rapidly, high-quality and high-yield. This system is easy to operate: the interface is friendly, offering the real-time environmental factors in the greenhouse .By revising environmental control parameters, this system realizes the operation online. This system also has these characteristic: run reliably, high performance, improve easily etc.
针对当前我国温室科技含量低、生产水平落后、现代化的智能温室几乎全部依赖进口的局面,本课题采用先进的计算机技术、微处理器控制技术和智能传感数据采集技术设计出温室计算机远程监控系统。本系统由一台PC机与多个微处理控制器装置组成主从式分布结构,下位机采用性价比高的单片机,主要实现对温室环境参数的数据采集和控制工作。上位机采用PC机,主要用于对环境参数数据的管理和对控制参数的设置工作。系统采用半双工式RS-485总线型通信网络和累加校验通信算法进行数据传输。利用VB6.0面向对象编程技术和Access数据库软件,开发出了交互的友好人机界面。通过实时读取和历史存储温室内环境参数值,实现了对温度、湿度、两个温室环境参数的管理,方便查阅。
实验研究表明:本系统具有一定的测控精度,系统根据作物生长的需要,实现了温室内温度、湿度两种重要环境因子变化的自动调节,为作物速生、优质、高产提供了良好的生长条件。本系统操作方便,界面良好,为用户提供了温室内的各种环境因子实时变化情况,并且可通过修改环境控制参数,实现了真正意义的在线干预温室运行的目的。本系统还具有运行可靠,性价比高,便于升级扩充等特点。
In order to control the environment effectively, many mature and advanced methods should be applied in the control-system of greenhouse. Now how to use automatic control system to control the environment effectively and how to manage crop growth effectively, are two important tasks in greenhouse research. It has much significance to improve the level of greenhouse manufacturing.
Now greenhouse of our country is low in scientific and technological content, the level of production is laggard, the modernized intellectual greenhouse nearly all rely on the import, this topic adopts advanced computer technology, micro-electronic control technology and sensor to design the remote monitor and control system of the greenhouse computer, this system makes up of one personal computer and a lot of controllers, which make up a principal and subordinate distributed structure. The slave machine adopts the single chip which has a high performance, and realizes the collection of the environmental parameters of the greenhouse and the system control. The master machine makes up of a personal computer which is used to control environmental parameters and set environmental parameters. The system adopts RS-485 bus in communication network. The communication is half duplex, using accumulate and cheek-up algorithm. Utilizing VB6.0 to face object database programming technology and access database software. We use a friendly man-machine interface. By reading and storing the real-time and environmental parameters' value in the greenhouse, the management to tow greenhouse environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity is realized. We can check the history data conveniently.
Research shows: this system has certain precision of monitor and control. According to the need that the crop grows, this system has realized the automatic control on tow environmental factors(temperature, humidity) in the greenhouse .And this system has offered a good growth condition for the crop that can grows rapidly, high-quality and high-yield. This system is easy to operate: the interface is friendly, offering the real-time environmental factors in the greenhouse .By revising environmental control parameters, this system realizes the operation online. This system also has these characteristic: run reliably, high performance, improve easily etc.
引文
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[17]赵文敏,寿彩丽.用VB6.0开发微机与多台单片机之间的串口通信程序[J].浙江大学学报(理工版),2000,27(2).
[18]周元庆,刘海龙.基于windows的串行通信及单片机采集程序设计[J].计算机应用,2000,20(6).
[19]董乔雪,王一鸣.温室计算机分布式自动控制系统的开发.农业工程学报,2002,18(4):94-97
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[21]佃松宜,汪一星等.基于rS485总线的远程双向数据通信系统的设计与实现.电子技术,2001,(11):27-30.
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[24]何鹏等.传感器在温室大棚环境控制中的应用.计算机与农业,2002,(7):5-8.
[25]蒋铁海.在Vb程序中用ADO动态打开Access数据库和表.计算机时代,2001,(9):39-40.
[26]龙庆华.智能温室计算机自动监控系统.华南师范大学学报,2002,(1):5-8
[27]郎同勇.温室环境智能侧控系统的设计与试验研究--PC 机管理及其电流检测系统研究 部分.[硕士学位论文]重庆:西南农业大学,2006.
[28]杨宇,阮新波,严仰光.四桥臂二相逆PWM控制.南京航空航天大学报,2002,34(6):575-579
[29]彭勇刚,韦巍.人工气候箱温湿度模糊控制.农业工程报,2006(8):166-169
[30]段朝伟等.基于单片机温湿度自动监控系统的设计与实现.科学成果管理与研究,2007(4)
[31]李长杰,潘天红.分布式控制系统主机与前端机群之间的主从式通信.江苏理工大学学报(自然科学版)2001(5):84-88
[32]陈其松.基于大型数据库的咒与单片机通讯系统.电测与仪表,2003(5):22-24
[33]白鹏.VisualBasic编程实例与技巧.北京:科学出版,2003.
[34]王虹.贾胜利.VisualBasie实用教程.北京:人民邮电出版,1999.
[35]张烯.VB6.中用面向对象的技术进行数据库访问.广东自动化与信息工程,2000(1):29-32.
[36]王谦.关于VB6中引用DAO,ADO数据库编程的几个问题,电脑学习.20(10):22-23.
[37]王华斌,袁佑新,王萍.VisualBasic6.0下利用PC机串口实现数据监视.黑龙江工程学院学报,2002(3):49-51
[38]吴亚春,任玉东,陈晓峰.通信设计中的中断服务程序和信总接收科序的设计[J].东北农业大学学报,2001,32(1)
[39]何克忠.计算机控制系统.清华大学出版社,1998.
[40]Seginer I.Some artifical neural network application to greenhouseen vironmental control.Computer and Eleetronies in Agrieulture.1997,(18):167-186
[41]Cunha J Boaventura,Couto C,Riano A E.Real-time parameter estimation of dynamic temperature models for greenhouse environmental control[J].Control Engineering Practice,1997,5(10):1473-1481.
[42]S.Ameur,M.Laghrouehe,A.Adane.Monitoring a greenhouse using a microcontroller based meteorological data-acquisition system[J].Renewable Energy,2001(24):19-30
[43]B.J.Bailey.Optimum control of greenhouse heating[J].Acta Horticulturae,1989,245:512-517
[44]Taur J S,Tao C W,Tsai C C.Temperature control of a plastic extrusion barrel using PID fuzzy controllers[A].Industrial Automation and Control:Emerging Technologies[C].1995,International IEEE/IAS Conference on 22-27 May 1995:370-375.
[45]Funakoshi Sunao,Matsuo Kazuya.PMV-based train air-conditioning control system[J].ASHRAE Transactions,1995,3870,101(1):423-430.
[46]Zhong Y,Yang J,Deng J.Multivariable fuzzy control oftemperature and humidity in a greenhouse[J].农业机械学报,2001,32(3):75-78.
[47]Minimal Remote 1-Wire Master Protocol.Dallas Semiconductor Application Note 2966.2002:8-31 Smiczek.
[48]A.VO ppenheim,R.W.Schafer,J.R.Buck,Prentice-Hall,Inc.Discrete-time Signal Processing (Second Edition).2000:3-4
[49]RS-422 and RS-485 Application Note http://www.bb-elec.com
[50]Nielsen,B.Madsen,H.Predietive.Control of air temperature in greenhouse Proeeedings of 13~(th)word congress,International Federation of Automatic Control.Vol.b.Manu-facturing SocialEffeets,Bio-Prodution,Biomedical,EnviromentP.399-404
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[2]于海业.发达国家温室设施自动化研究的现状[J].农业工程学报,1997,13(增刊).
[3]方瑞华.我国设施农业的现状和发展方向[J].江苏理理工大学学报,1998(7):65.
[4]陈建.温室环境土程简述.林业机械与木工设备,2002(3):9-10.
[5]潘文维,罗庆熙.我国温室产业现状及发展建议.北方园艺,2002(3):4-5.
[6]鲍可进.一种实用的单片机系统的RS-232接口[J].电子技术应用,1997(2):41-42.
[7]陈曙光.利用通信控件开发Windows环境下的串口通信程序[J].淮北煤炭师院学报,2000,21(1):87-90.
[8]陈新望.MSComm控件实现中文Windows下的通信[J].电子与电脑,1999(2).
[9]邓素萍.串行通信RS232/RS485转换器[J].国外电子元器件,2001(7).
[10]龙庆华.智能温室计算机自动监控系统.华南师范大学学报,2002,(1):5-8.
[11]杭柏林.适用于实时监控仪器的多微机系统设计[J].自动化与仪器仪农,1993(2):25-27.
[12]胡劲松,吴捷.单片机多机通信的新方式[J].电子技术应用,1997(8):32-33.
[13]黄建国.PC机与单片机多机实时通信的设计与实现[J].电子工程师,2001,27(7)
[14]蒋晴霞,赵望达,鲁五一.室内环境智能监测控制系统的设计[J].电子技术,2000(10):31-33
[15]李朝青著.PC机及单片机数据通信技术[M].北京:北京航空航大人学出版社,2001.
[16]罗文.串行通信RS-232C电平转换器[J].电子技术应用,1996(10):40-41.
[17]赵文敏,寿彩丽.用VB6.0开发微机与多台单片机之间的串口通信程序[J].浙江大学学报(理工版),2000,27(2).
[18]周元庆,刘海龙.基于windows的串行通信及单片机采集程序设计[J].计算机应用,2000,20(6).
[19]董乔雪,王一鸣.温室计算机分布式自动控制系统的开发.农业工程学报,2002,18(4):94-97
[20]周增产,胡晓斌等.分布式智能型温室计算机控制系统的一种设计与实现.计算机与农业,2002,(8):5-8
[21]佃松宜,汪一星等.基于rS485总线的远程双向数据通信系统的设计与实现.电子技术,2001,(11):27-30.
[22]范逸之,陈立元.Visual Basic与RS-232串行通信控制.北京:中国青年出版社,2002.
[23]董乔雪.温室分布式监控系统设计及其冬季采暖控制方法的研究[士论文]中国农业大学东区1999.
[24]何鹏等.传感器在温室大棚环境控制中的应用.计算机与农业,2002,(7):5-8.
[25]蒋铁海.在Vb程序中用ADO动态打开Access数据库和表.计算机时代,2001,(9):39-40.
[26]龙庆华.智能温室计算机自动监控系统.华南师范大学学报,2002,(1):5-8
[27]郎同勇.温室环境智能侧控系统的设计与试验研究--PC 机管理及其电流检测系统研究 部分.[硕士学位论文]重庆:西南农业大学,2006.
[28]杨宇,阮新波,严仰光.四桥臂二相逆PWM控制.南京航空航天大学报,2002,34(6):575-579
[29]彭勇刚,韦巍.人工气候箱温湿度模糊控制.农业工程报,2006(8):166-169
[30]段朝伟等.基于单片机温湿度自动监控系统的设计与实现.科学成果管理与研究,2007(4)
[31]李长杰,潘天红.分布式控制系统主机与前端机群之间的主从式通信.江苏理工大学学报(自然科学版)2001(5):84-88
[32]陈其松.基于大型数据库的咒与单片机通讯系统.电测与仪表,2003(5):22-24
[33]白鹏.VisualBasic编程实例与技巧.北京:科学出版,2003.
[34]王虹.贾胜利.VisualBasie实用教程.北京:人民邮电出版,1999.
[35]张烯.VB6.中用面向对象的技术进行数据库访问.广东自动化与信息工程,2000(1):29-32.
[36]王谦.关于VB6中引用DAO,ADO数据库编程的几个问题,电脑学习.20(10):22-23.
[37]王华斌,袁佑新,王萍.VisualBasic6.0下利用PC机串口实现数据监视.黑龙江工程学院学报,2002(3):49-51
[38]吴亚春,任玉东,陈晓峰.通信设计中的中断服务程序和信总接收科序的设计[J].东北农业大学学报,2001,32(1)
[39]何克忠.计算机控制系统.清华大学出版社,1998.
[40]Seginer I.Some artifical neural network application to greenhouseen vironmental control.Computer and Eleetronies in Agrieulture.1997,(18):167-186
[41]Cunha J Boaventura,Couto C,Riano A E.Real-time parameter estimation of dynamic temperature models for greenhouse environmental control[J].Control Engineering Practice,1997,5(10):1473-1481.
[42]S.Ameur,M.Laghrouehe,A.Adane.Monitoring a greenhouse using a microcontroller based meteorological data-acquisition system[J].Renewable Energy,2001(24):19-30
[43]B.J.Bailey.Optimum control of greenhouse heating[J].Acta Horticulturae,1989,245:512-517
[44]Taur J S,Tao C W,Tsai C C.Temperature control of a plastic extrusion barrel using PID fuzzy controllers[A].Industrial Automation and Control:Emerging Technologies[C].1995,International IEEE/IAS Conference on 22-27 May 1995:370-375.
[45]Funakoshi Sunao,Matsuo Kazuya.PMV-based train air-conditioning control system[J].ASHRAE Transactions,1995,3870,101(1):423-430.
[46]Zhong Y,Yang J,Deng J.Multivariable fuzzy control oftemperature and humidity in a greenhouse[J].农业机械学报,2001,32(3):75-78.
[47]Minimal Remote 1-Wire Master Protocol.Dallas Semiconductor Application Note 2966.2002:8-31 Smiczek.
[48]A.VO ppenheim,R.W.Schafer,J.R.Buck,Prentice-Hall,Inc.Discrete-time Signal Processing (Second Edition).2000:3-4
[49]RS-422 and RS-485 Application Note http://www.bb-elec.com
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