真空炉温度分布式控制系统
摘要
计算机技术、控制技术和通信技术的发展,为实现高水平自动化提供了强有力的技术工具,给生产过程自动化的发展带来了深远的影响。工业控制系统已经从常规仪表和继电器逻辑控制系统发展到了PLC和分布式控制系统(DCS),在基础自动化级和过程控制管理级普遍采用工业计算机网络技术,工业自动化进入到计算机集成系统时代。
本课题的主要内容是对真空炉温度分布式控制系统的开发流程和使用性能进行研究。具体包括控制系统的总体设计、软硬件选择和架构、系统优化、安装调试等内容。整个系统可以分为两个部分:上位机(PC)和下位机(PLC),另外还包括PROFIBUS-DP现场总线、热电偶、晶闸管调压器等设备。上位机与下位机之间通过PROFIBUS-DP进行通讯,把上位机编制的程序和控制指令下载到PLC中,同时把PLC中的数据传递给上位机显示、存储。上位机软件开发采用可视化编程工具VisualC++6.0,利用面向对象的软件开发思想设计,程序包含数据处理、参数显示、控制调整、安全报警等模块。下位机程序编制使用PLC自带软件包,程序主要完成数据采集、转换、传递任务以及实现各种工艺控制、连锁保护等控制回路功能。最后,总结了控制系统应用的效果并提出未来的技术发展方向。
通过本课题的研究,希望可以降低真空炉金属冶炼实验和生产过程中对温度进行控制的劳动耗费,为真空炉实现全自动化系统集成奠定基础。
The development in computer controlling and communication technology is a powerful technological tool for high-level automatic application, and brings profound impacts on automatic processing. Industrial control system has undergone great changes from routine meter and relay system to PLC and distributed control system(DCS), and computer network technology is also widely introduced into basic automation and process management, so we can say that computer integrated system is coming.
The main content of this thesis is the research of development about temperature of vacuum furnace distributed control system including the system's overall design, choosing and installing hardware, developing, optimizing and debugging the software .The whole system can be divided into tow parts: upper computer(IPC), lower computer(PLC) and other equipments such as PROFIBUS, thermocouple, booster, etc.
The two computers communicate each other through PROFIBUS, the program coding in upper computer can be downloaded to the lower one and the data in the lower one can be uploaded to the upper one for displaying and storing. The program on upper computer is based on Object-Oriented Paradigm (OOP) technology and developed with Visual C++6.0, which includes several modules of data processing, parameter displaying, control adjustment, system's safety. The program of PLC fulfills the function of data collection, data transforming and transferring, and control for craft work and interlock. At last, the author summarizes the applying effect soft his distributed control system and put forward the development course in the future.
Control system is usually different in structure and parameter. But the research work in this thesis is expected to produce a good path to develop vacuum furnace distributed control system with excellent performance.
本课题的主要内容是对真空炉温度分布式控制系统的开发流程和使用性能进行研究。具体包括控制系统的总体设计、软硬件选择和架构、系统优化、安装调试等内容。整个系统可以分为两个部分:上位机(PC)和下位机(PLC),另外还包括PROFIBUS-DP现场总线、热电偶、晶闸管调压器等设备。上位机与下位机之间通过PROFIBUS-DP进行通讯,把上位机编制的程序和控制指令下载到PLC中,同时把PLC中的数据传递给上位机显示、存储。上位机软件开发采用可视化编程工具VisualC++6.0,利用面向对象的软件开发思想设计,程序包含数据处理、参数显示、控制调整、安全报警等模块。下位机程序编制使用PLC自带软件包,程序主要完成数据采集、转换、传递任务以及实现各种工艺控制、连锁保护等控制回路功能。最后,总结了控制系统应用的效果并提出未来的技术发展方向。
通过本课题的研究,希望可以降低真空炉金属冶炼实验和生产过程中对温度进行控制的劳动耗费,为真空炉实现全自动化系统集成奠定基础。
The development in computer controlling and communication technology is a powerful technological tool for high-level automatic application, and brings profound impacts on automatic processing. Industrial control system has undergone great changes from routine meter and relay system to PLC and distributed control system(DCS), and computer network technology is also widely introduced into basic automation and process management, so we can say that computer integrated system is coming.
The main content of this thesis is the research of development about temperature of vacuum furnace distributed control system including the system's overall design, choosing and installing hardware, developing, optimizing and debugging the software .The whole system can be divided into tow parts: upper computer(IPC), lower computer(PLC) and other equipments such as PROFIBUS, thermocouple, booster, etc.
The two computers communicate each other through PROFIBUS, the program coding in upper computer can be downloaded to the lower one and the data in the lower one can be uploaded to the upper one for displaying and storing. The program on upper computer is based on Object-Oriented Paradigm (OOP) technology and developed with Visual C++6.0, which includes several modules of data processing, parameter displaying, control adjustment, system's safety. The program of PLC fulfills the function of data collection, data transforming and transferring, and control for craft work and interlock. At last, the author summarizes the applying effect soft his distributed control system and put forward the development course in the future.
Control system is usually different in structure and parameter. But the research work in this thesis is expected to produce a good path to develop vacuum furnace distributed control system with excellent performance.
引文
[1]徐科军,马修水,李晓林等,传感器与检测技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2004.9.
[2]胡学林.可编程逻辑控制器教程(基础篇).北京:电子工业出版社,2005.8.
[3]胡学林.可编程逻辑控制器教程(提高篇).北京:电子工业出版社,2005.8.
[4]SIMATIC S7-300模块数据手册.西门子公司,2005.9.
[5]S7-300可编程控制器硬件和安装手册.西门子公司,2005.9.
[6]西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.深入浅出西门子S7-300PLC.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.8.
[7]西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.S7-300PLC技术手册.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.8.
[8]Stanley B.Lippman,Josée Lajoie,Barbara E.Moo.C++Primer(第4版)(英文影印版).北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.11.
[9]王正军.ViSUal C++6.0程序设计从入门到精通.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.1.
[10]候俊杰(候捷).深入浅出MFC(第二版).华中科技大学出版社.2001.1.
[11]李现勇.Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社2002
[12]求是科技.Visual C++6.0数据库开发技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.1.
[13]李嗣福.计算机控制技术基础.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2006.3.
[14]何克忠,郝忠恕.计算机控制系统分析与设计.北京:清华大学出版社,1988.
[15]于海生.微型计算机控制技术.北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
[16]李众,王建化.智能控制技术.武汉:武汉大学出版社,1998.
[17]Bruce Powel Douglass著;柳翔等译.嵌入式与实时系统开发-使用UML、对象技术、框架与模式.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.3.
[18]张雪平,王志斌.基于模糊控制的PLC在温度控制中的应用.电气传动,2005,35(8):54-55
[19]杜静,王振民.模糊PID在电阻炉温度控制系统中的应用,机械管理开发,2005,(2):47-48
[20]欧阳三泰,周琴,欧阳希.PLC模糊控制研究与应用.机床电器,2005,(3):28-31
[21]徐宝强,李志华,戴永年,罗明.真空冶炼炉的改造及自动控制系统的开发.冶金设备,2004,(3):12-14
[22]黄菊生,关耀奇,周慧,谭季秋.西门子PLC二级温度监控系统的开发.机床与 液压,2005,(6):133-135
[23]杨钢,王鹏飞,马俊朋.Profibus现场总线通信技术及其应用研究.工业仪表与自动化装置,2007,(4):10-12
[24]郑小倩,黄明琪.PROFIBUS-DP主站和从站通讯的设计与实现.《微计算机信息》,2007,23(1-1):48-49
[25]陆胜,刘锬.基于PROFIBUS-DP的SIMATIC S7-300通讯及网络组态研究.机床与液压,2007,35(9):15-16
[26]严慧萍,孙伟,李宝栋.基于Profibus的PLC控制系统设计.机械研究与应用,2007,20(3):106-107
[27]汤媛.PLC控制系统产生干扰的原因及抗干扰措施.石油化工建设,2005,27(3):58-63
[28]师黎,丁海.PID控制的参数模糊自整定方法.郑州工业大学学报,2001,22(3):25-27
[29]王迎旭.一种简单的自调整参数模糊控制器在炉温控制系统中的应用.工业加热,2004,33(1):46-48
[30]张利娟.高精度温度控制的实现.微计算机信息,2003(11):23-24
[31]
[32]Chan CY.Discrete adaptive quasi-sliding mode control[J].Int.J.Control.1999.72
[33]CHANG YUN WEN,DAVID J Hill.Adaptive linear control of nonlinear system[J],IEEE Trans,On Ac,1990.
[34]Narendra K.s.Mukhopadhyay S.Intelligent Control Using Networks.IEEE Control Systems Magazine,1992,2(2):11-19
[35]Narendra K.s.Parthasarthy K.Identification and Control of Dynamic System Using Neural Networks,IEEE Trans Neural Networks,1990,1(1):4-26
[36]Roger Jang JS,ANFIS Adaptive Network-based fuzzy Inference System IEEE Tran[J],Systems,Man and Cybernatics,1993.
[37]Spyros Tzafestas,Nikolaos P Pahanikolopoulos.Incremental fuzzy expert PID control.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,1996,37(5):365-371
[38]Wang Lixin.Fuzzy Systems Are Universal Approximators[J].IEEE Fuzzy'92,1992,1163-1170.
[39]Vander Rhee,Fetal Knowledge Based Fuzzy Control of Systems[J].IEEE Trans.on Automatic Control,1990,35(2):148-155
[40] Berenji H Retal. Learning and Turning Fuzzy Logic Controllers through Reinforcements. IEEE Trans. On Neural Networks, 1992, 3(5):724-740
[2]胡学林.可编程逻辑控制器教程(基础篇).北京:电子工业出版社,2005.8.
[3]胡学林.可编程逻辑控制器教程(提高篇).北京:电子工业出版社,2005.8.
[4]SIMATIC S7-300模块数据手册.西门子公司,2005.9.
[5]S7-300可编程控制器硬件和安装手册.西门子公司,2005.9.
[6]西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.深入浅出西门子S7-300PLC.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.8.
[7]西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.S7-300PLC技术手册.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.8.
[8]Stanley B.Lippman,Josée Lajoie,Barbara E.Moo.C++Primer(第4版)(英文影印版).北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.11.
[9]王正军.ViSUal C++6.0程序设计从入门到精通.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.1.
[10]候俊杰(候捷).深入浅出MFC(第二版).华中科技大学出版社.2001.1.
[11]李现勇.Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社2002
[12]求是科技.Visual C++6.0数据库开发技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.1.
[13]李嗣福.计算机控制技术基础.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2006.3.
[14]何克忠,郝忠恕.计算机控制系统分析与设计.北京:清华大学出版社,1988.
[15]于海生.微型计算机控制技术.北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
[16]李众,王建化.智能控制技术.武汉:武汉大学出版社,1998.
[17]Bruce Powel Douglass著;柳翔等译.嵌入式与实时系统开发-使用UML、对象技术、框架与模式.北京:机械工业出版社,2005.3.
[18]张雪平,王志斌.基于模糊控制的PLC在温度控制中的应用.电气传动,2005,35(8):54-55
[19]杜静,王振民.模糊PID在电阻炉温度控制系统中的应用,机械管理开发,2005,(2):47-48
[20]欧阳三泰,周琴,欧阳希.PLC模糊控制研究与应用.机床电器,2005,(3):28-31
[21]徐宝强,李志华,戴永年,罗明.真空冶炼炉的改造及自动控制系统的开发.冶金设备,2004,(3):12-14
[22]黄菊生,关耀奇,周慧,谭季秋.西门子PLC二级温度监控系统的开发.机床与 液压,2005,(6):133-135
[23]杨钢,王鹏飞,马俊朋.Profibus现场总线通信技术及其应用研究.工业仪表与自动化装置,2007,(4):10-12
[24]郑小倩,黄明琪.PROFIBUS-DP主站和从站通讯的设计与实现.《微计算机信息》,2007,23(1-1):48-49
[25]陆胜,刘锬.基于PROFIBUS-DP的SIMATIC S7-300通讯及网络组态研究.机床与液压,2007,35(9):15-16
[26]严慧萍,孙伟,李宝栋.基于Profibus的PLC控制系统设计.机械研究与应用,2007,20(3):106-107
[27]汤媛.PLC控制系统产生干扰的原因及抗干扰措施.石油化工建设,2005,27(3):58-63
[28]师黎,丁海.PID控制的参数模糊自整定方法.郑州工业大学学报,2001,22(3):25-27
[29]王迎旭.一种简单的自调整参数模糊控制器在炉温控制系统中的应用.工业加热,2004,33(1):46-48
[30]张利娟.高精度温度控制的实现.微计算机信息,2003(11):23-24
[31]
[32]Chan CY.Discrete adaptive quasi-sliding mode control[J].Int.J.Control.1999.72
[33]CHANG YUN WEN,DAVID J Hill.Adaptive linear control of nonlinear system[J],IEEE Trans,On Ac,1990.
[34]Narendra K.s.Mukhopadhyay S.Intelligent Control Using Networks.IEEE Control Systems Magazine,1992,2(2):11-19
[35]Narendra K.s.Parthasarthy K.Identification and Control of Dynamic System Using Neural Networks,IEEE Trans Neural Networks,1990,1(1):4-26
[36]Roger Jang JS,ANFIS Adaptive Network-based fuzzy Inference System IEEE Tran[J],Systems,Man and Cybernatics,1993.
[37]Spyros Tzafestas,Nikolaos P Pahanikolopoulos.Incremental fuzzy expert PID control.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,1996,37(5):365-371
[38]Wang Lixin.Fuzzy Systems Are Universal Approximators[J].IEEE Fuzzy'92,1992,1163-1170.
[39]Vander Rhee,Fetal Knowledge Based Fuzzy Control of Systems[J].IEEE Trans.on Automatic Control,1990,35(2):148-155
[40] Berenji H Retal. Learning and Turning Fuzzy Logic Controllers through Reinforcements. IEEE Trans. On Neural Networks, 1992, 3(5):724-740