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阅读动机培养的教学因素及策略研究
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摘要
二十世纪八、九十年代,我国阅读教学改革蓬勃发展,同时也提出了许多有待研究的问题,阅读动机培养的教学因素及策略就是一个重要的研究课题。本研究以动机心理学的理论为指导,结合阅读教学实践,把语文教育和心理学相结合,充分考虑到阅读中动机因素,着重研究了阅读动机培养的教学因素及策略,从激发学生阅读动机着手,使学生愿意阅读、感兴趣于阅读,逐渐培养起阅读习惯,掌握阅读方法,最终提高阅读水平及语文能力,直至把这种学习动机与能力迁移到其他学习、生活各个方面,促使学生全面的发展。
     本研究共分为四个部分。
     第一部分,文献综述。从阅读的定义、我国历史上对阅读动机培养的看法以及动机心理学理论出发,说明动机是阅读过程的一个重要因素,阅读动机的培养是阅读教学的主要目标之一。同时考察了国外阅读动机培养的教学模式CORI,在国内外对阅读、阅读动机以及阅读教学的文献资料研究基础上,初步提出阅读动机培养的教学因素有阅读目标定向、自主导向、合作学习、策略支持、与真实世界的联系。
     第二部分,阅读动机培养的教学试验。试验的目的是研究我们提出的阅读动机培养的教学因素在实际中的运用。全部试验过程和结果说明,阅读教学过程中综合调控阅读动机的教学因素会对学生的阅读行为产生良好的影响,合理操作五因素,学生就会表现得更高的阅读热情、更积极的阅读行为。试验证实了我们提出的五个阅读教学的因素有利于学生阅读动机的培养、有利于学生阅读能力的提高。
     第三部分,阅读动机培养的教学调查。利用问卷方法调查了中小学教师在阅读教学实践中培养阅读动机的实际做法。调查发现,中小学教师在阅读教学中培养学生阅读动机方面具有丰富的经验,同时也发现,教师群体对五因素的感悟程度不一,而且还有个体差异。从整体上说,教师的经验与我们提出的五个阅读动机培养的教学因素是相符合的。
     第四部分,阅读动机培养的教学因素及策略。综合利用文献资料以及实验结果和调查结果来研究阅读动机培养的教学因素及策略,分析了五个阅读动机培养的教学因素的理论和实践意义,提出了各个因素的教学策略,阐述了五因素一致性及综合运用的基本理念。
During the 80's and 90's of twenty century, the reading instruction reform has been flourishing and many issues that needs to research have been put forward. And one of the important research issues is the studying of reading motivation training's instruction factors and strategies. This study took the motivation psychology theory as direction theory connected the reading instruction practice ,and joined the Chinese and psychology considered fully the motivation as an instruction factor. And we pointedly researched the instruction factors and strategies of reading motivation training.
    This study have four parts.
    The first is literature summarize. By studying the definition of reading the history opinions about how to train reading motivation and motivation psychology theory, we get the conclusion that motivation is the important factor during reading, and training reading motivation is the main goal of reading instruction. In addition, we reviewed the model CORI, a overseas reading motivation training model. And at last we introductory put forward there are five instruction factors that can training reading motivation, they are: goal direction, self-orientation ,cooperation study, strategy assistant ,real-world relations.
    The second is instruction experiment of training reading motivation. The aim of the experiment is study how to operate the five factors that we put forward in last part. The process and result tell us that if we roundly control these reading motivation instruction factors when we teach reading, the students' reading action will be well influenced And if we control these factors in reason during the teaching, the students' reading will be full of higher passion and more energy. The experiment approve what we put forward is benefit to the fostering students' reading motivation and improving student's reading ability.
    The third is an teaching investigation of reading motivation training. We collected grade school and middle school Chinese teachers' methods of fostering students' reading motivation. The result tell us teachers have rich experience in instruction, but the using of the five factors is different , and teachers are different. In all, teachers' experience is consistent with what we put forward
    The fourth is reading motivation instruction factors and strategies.. We analysis synthesisly the firstx second^ third parts' harvests, and formally put forward there are five factors in can inspire students reading motivatioa And we analysis the five factors' theory and practicing meaning, at the same time we put forward the methods that how to operate the five factors ,and expatiate the opinion that we should make the five factors have high coherence and should integrate them.
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