膨润土改性及其在印染废水处理中的应用研究
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摘要
膨润土是以蒙脱石为主要成分的层状硅酸盐粘土矿物。由于其结构上的特点,膨润土具有较大的比表面积与优良的离子交换能力,其作为优良的吸附剂被广泛地应用于各行业生产中。
本文通过液相插层法,利用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)、丙烯酰胺单体(AC)、苄基三乙基氯化铵(BTMAC),对钠化膨润土进行改性,得到三种有机改性膨润土,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱( FTIR)技术和热分析(DSC)技术对改性土进行了结构表征。实验表明,表面活性剂离子进入膨润土晶片层间,使其晶片层间的亲水环境改变为疏水环境,并增大了层间距。
将改性膨润土用于模拟印染废水处理,从吸附热力学和动力学两方面系统研究了改性膨润土对两种染料的吸附过程,比较了不同改性膨润土对两种染料的吸附性能。实验结果表明,改性膨润土对甲基橙的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,303K时,钠化膨润土、CTMAB改性膨润土、AC改性膨润土和BTMAC改性膨润土对甲基橙的平衡吸附量分别为8.458mg/g、96.385 mg/g、79.855 mg/g、40.149 mg/g,吸附是一自发的放热过程,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程。改性膨润土对结晶紫的吸附也符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,303K时,钠化膨润土、CTMAB改性膨润土、AC改性膨润土和BTMAC改性膨润土对结晶紫的平衡吸附量分别为55.542 mg/g、204.362 mg/g、144.932 mg/g、117.012 mg/g,吸附是一自发的吸热过程,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程。
在实验的基础上,应用以传热计算类比的方法得到了甲基橙在CTMAB改性土上的有效扩散系数Def。并用模型化的方法对其固定床吸附特性做了研究,模型拟合得到的穿透曲线与实验穿透曲线吻合良好,说明该模型具有一定的预测性。
Bentonite is a clay mineral with expandable layer structures that is primary constituent of montmorillonite. It has the large surface proportion and good ion exchange capability resulting from its strueture characteristic, so it has been widely used as adsorbent in all walks of lives.
In this paper, the sodium modified Bentonite is modified using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB), Acrylamide(AC) and Benzyltriethylammionium chloride(BTMAC)by the means of intercalation in a liquid solutions,and the three modified bentonites are characterized by XRD、FTIR and DSC techniques. The results show that ion of the surfactants had entered into the chip layer of the bentonite, and changed the hydrophilic environment of the chip layer into hydrophobic environment and increased the basal spacing values.
In this thesis study, the adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics of two kinds of dyestuff onto bentonite modified by CTMAB,AC, BTMAC. The adsorption properties of different modified bentonite were compared. The result illustrates that the adsorption of Methyl Orange from aqueous solution onto modified bentonites is correlated with the Freundlich type isotherm equation. At 303K, The equilibrium adsorption capability of sodium modified Bentonite, CTMAB modified bentonite, AC modified bentonite and BTMAC modified bentonite is 8.458mg/g, 96.385 mg/g, 79.855 mg/g, 40.149 mg/g respectively. The adsorption kineties result illustrates that it fit the pseudo-seeond order equation and the adsorption is a spontaneous and exothermic process. The adsorption of Crystal Violet from aqueous solutions by modified bentonites follows the Freundlich type isotherm equation better, and The equilibrium adsorption capability of sodium modified Bentonite, CTMAB modified bentonite, AC modified bentonite and BTMAC modified bentonite is 55.542 mg/g, 204.362 mg/g, 144.932 mg/g, 117.012 mg/g, respectively at 303K. The adsorption kinetic curves agree with the pseudo-seeond order equation and the adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process.
On the basis of the experimentation, the effective diffusion coefficient (Def) of the Methyl Orange in the CTMAB modified bentonite is got. The breakthrough of the adsorbent used in fixed-bed is researched by math model, which is according with the breakthrough got by the experiment. It shows that the math model can be used to forecast the experiment’s result.
本文通过液相插层法,利用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)、丙烯酰胺单体(AC)、苄基三乙基氯化铵(BTMAC),对钠化膨润土进行改性,得到三种有机改性膨润土,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱( FTIR)技术和热分析(DSC)技术对改性土进行了结构表征。实验表明,表面活性剂离子进入膨润土晶片层间,使其晶片层间的亲水环境改变为疏水环境,并增大了层间距。
将改性膨润土用于模拟印染废水处理,从吸附热力学和动力学两方面系统研究了改性膨润土对两种染料的吸附过程,比较了不同改性膨润土对两种染料的吸附性能。实验结果表明,改性膨润土对甲基橙的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,303K时,钠化膨润土、CTMAB改性膨润土、AC改性膨润土和BTMAC改性膨润土对甲基橙的平衡吸附量分别为8.458mg/g、96.385 mg/g、79.855 mg/g、40.149 mg/g,吸附是一自发的放热过程,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程。改性膨润土对结晶紫的吸附也符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,303K时,钠化膨润土、CTMAB改性膨润土、AC改性膨润土和BTMAC改性膨润土对结晶紫的平衡吸附量分别为55.542 mg/g、204.362 mg/g、144.932 mg/g、117.012 mg/g,吸附是一自发的吸热过程,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程。
在实验的基础上,应用以传热计算类比的方法得到了甲基橙在CTMAB改性土上的有效扩散系数Def。并用模型化的方法对其固定床吸附特性做了研究,模型拟合得到的穿透曲线与实验穿透曲线吻合良好,说明该模型具有一定的预测性。
Bentonite is a clay mineral with expandable layer structures that is primary constituent of montmorillonite. It has the large surface proportion and good ion exchange capability resulting from its strueture characteristic, so it has been widely used as adsorbent in all walks of lives.
In this paper, the sodium modified Bentonite is modified using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB), Acrylamide(AC) and Benzyltriethylammionium chloride(BTMAC)by the means of intercalation in a liquid solutions,and the three modified bentonites are characterized by XRD、FTIR and DSC techniques. The results show that ion of the surfactants had entered into the chip layer of the bentonite, and changed the hydrophilic environment of the chip layer into hydrophobic environment and increased the basal spacing values.
In this thesis study, the adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics of two kinds of dyestuff onto bentonite modified by CTMAB,AC, BTMAC. The adsorption properties of different modified bentonite were compared. The result illustrates that the adsorption of Methyl Orange from aqueous solution onto modified bentonites is correlated with the Freundlich type isotherm equation. At 303K, The equilibrium adsorption capability of sodium modified Bentonite, CTMAB modified bentonite, AC modified bentonite and BTMAC modified bentonite is 8.458mg/g, 96.385 mg/g, 79.855 mg/g, 40.149 mg/g respectively. The adsorption kineties result illustrates that it fit the pseudo-seeond order equation and the adsorption is a spontaneous and exothermic process. The adsorption of Crystal Violet from aqueous solutions by modified bentonites follows the Freundlich type isotherm equation better, and The equilibrium adsorption capability of sodium modified Bentonite, CTMAB modified bentonite, AC modified bentonite and BTMAC modified bentonite is 55.542 mg/g, 204.362 mg/g, 144.932 mg/g, 117.012 mg/g, respectively at 303K. The adsorption kinetic curves agree with the pseudo-seeond order equation and the adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process.
On the basis of the experimentation, the effective diffusion coefficient (Def) of the Methyl Orange in the CTMAB modified bentonite is got. The breakthrough of the adsorbent used in fixed-bed is researched by math model, which is according with the breakthrough got by the experiment. It shows that the math model can be used to forecast the experiment’s result.
引文
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