边坡地震时程动力可靠性研究及其锚杆长度反演设计
|
摘要
我国是一个地震多发的国家,由地震引发的滑坡事故造成了人民生命财产的巨大损失。由于地震荷载的随机性和边坡体材料参数的不确定性,边坡体稳定可靠性在地震作用的全过程是动态变化的,因此,提出边坡体时程动力可靠性概念并研究了基于时程动力可靠性的边坡工程反演设计方法。本文主要研究内容和研究成果如下:
1、同时考虑岩土体材料参数与地震荷载的随机性,分析边坡体在地震作用全过程下的可靠性变化规律,提出了动力时程可靠性概念。
2、根据材料参数变异性采用正交试验设计方法对边坡体进行动力有限元计算,分析边坡体的峰值速度场分布规律及的动力响应变化特征。
3、应用神经网络建立了边坡体随机参数的随机动力响应模型。以动力有限元和神经网络为基础,建立了有限元-神经网络-蒙特卡罗法(FEM-ANN-MCS)、有限元-神经网络-响应面法(FEM-ANN- RSM)、有限元-神经网络-最大熵密度法(FEM-ANN-MEA),有限元-神经网络-最佳平方逼近法(FEM-ANN-LSA)的四种时程动力可靠性的计算方法。通过某一土质边坡工程算例,分析了四种时程动力可靠性计算方法的优缺点和适用条件。
4、建立了基于FEM-ANN-RSM时程动力可靠性的边坡工程锚杆长度反演设计方法,和以枚举法为思想的基于FEM-ANN-MCS时程动力可靠性的边坡工程锚杆反演设计方法。以某一锚杆支护边坡工程为算例,应用这两种方法进行了锚杆长度反演设计和分析。
研究结果表明时程动力可靠性能较好的描述地震作用全过程边坡体可靠性变化情况,建立的FEM-ANN-MCS、FEM-ANN-RSM,FEM- ANN-MEA的边坡时程动力可靠性计算方法,计算精度较高,均可用来进行边坡体地震动力稳定性分析。其中,采用FEM-ANN-MCS法进行边坡支护锚杆长度反演设计更为适用。
China is an earthquake country. Landslides triggered by an earthquake result in great losses of life and property. Because of the randomness of earthquake loading and uncertainty of slope material parameters, the reliability of the slope stability changes dynamically during an earthquake. Therefore, the concept of dynamic reliability for time-history is proposed and the inverse design method for slope works is developed based on this concept. The main contents and the research results of this thesis are listed as follows.
1、The time-history dynamic reliability concept is proposed to analyze the changes in reliability of slopes during the entire process of earthquake action, in which the randomness of both geotechnical material parameters and earthquake loading is taken into account.
2、The dynamic finite element analysis of the slope is performed using the orthogonal test design method according to the variability of the material parameters to analyze the peak velocity distribution and the characteristics of dynamic response.
3、The random dynamic response model is established for Stochastic parameters of a slope using artificial neural network. Four methods of calculating time-history dynamic reliability are developed based on dynamic finite element and artificial neural network,which include finite element-artificial neural network-Monte Carlo method(FEM-ANN-MCS)、finite element-artificial neural network-response surface method (FEM-ANN-RSM)、finite element-artificial neural network-maximum entropy approximation ( FEM-ANN-MEA )、finite element-artificial neural network-least square approximation(FEM-ANN-LSA). The merits, shortcomings and applicability of the four methods are investigated through an engineering example of an actual soil slope.
4、The inverse design method for anchors used in slope works is developed based on the proposed FEM-ANN-RSM method. The inverse design method is also developed based on the proposed FEM-ANN-MCS method using the logic of the enumeration method. These two methods are applied to an actual anchored slope to determine the length of anchors.
Results of the investigation indicate the proposed time-history dynamic reliability can describe well changes in the reliability of slope during the entire seismic process. The proposed methods for calculating time-history dynamic reliability (FEM-ANN-MCS、FEM-ANN-RSM,FEM- ANN-MEA ) have high precision and can be used to evaluate seismic slope stability. The FEM-ANN-MCS method is more applicable in the inverse design of anchored slope works.
1、同时考虑岩土体材料参数与地震荷载的随机性,分析边坡体在地震作用全过程下的可靠性变化规律,提出了动力时程可靠性概念。
2、根据材料参数变异性采用正交试验设计方法对边坡体进行动力有限元计算,分析边坡体的峰值速度场分布规律及的动力响应变化特征。
3、应用神经网络建立了边坡体随机参数的随机动力响应模型。以动力有限元和神经网络为基础,建立了有限元-神经网络-蒙特卡罗法(FEM-ANN-MCS)、有限元-神经网络-响应面法(FEM-ANN- RSM)、有限元-神经网络-最大熵密度法(FEM-ANN-MEA),有限元-神经网络-最佳平方逼近法(FEM-ANN-LSA)的四种时程动力可靠性的计算方法。通过某一土质边坡工程算例,分析了四种时程动力可靠性计算方法的优缺点和适用条件。
4、建立了基于FEM-ANN-RSM时程动力可靠性的边坡工程锚杆长度反演设计方法,和以枚举法为思想的基于FEM-ANN-MCS时程动力可靠性的边坡工程锚杆反演设计方法。以某一锚杆支护边坡工程为算例,应用这两种方法进行了锚杆长度反演设计和分析。
研究结果表明时程动力可靠性能较好的描述地震作用全过程边坡体可靠性变化情况,建立的FEM-ANN-MCS、FEM-ANN-RSM,FEM- ANN-MEA的边坡时程动力可靠性计算方法,计算精度较高,均可用来进行边坡体地震动力稳定性分析。其中,采用FEM-ANN-MCS法进行边坡支护锚杆长度反演设计更为适用。
China is an earthquake country. Landslides triggered by an earthquake result in great losses of life and property. Because of the randomness of earthquake loading and uncertainty of slope material parameters, the reliability of the slope stability changes dynamically during an earthquake. Therefore, the concept of dynamic reliability for time-history is proposed and the inverse design method for slope works is developed based on this concept. The main contents and the research results of this thesis are listed as follows.
1、The time-history dynamic reliability concept is proposed to analyze the changes in reliability of slopes during the entire process of earthquake action, in which the randomness of both geotechnical material parameters and earthquake loading is taken into account.
2、The dynamic finite element analysis of the slope is performed using the orthogonal test design method according to the variability of the material parameters to analyze the peak velocity distribution and the characteristics of dynamic response.
3、The random dynamic response model is established for Stochastic parameters of a slope using artificial neural network. Four methods of calculating time-history dynamic reliability are developed based on dynamic finite element and artificial neural network,which include finite element-artificial neural network-Monte Carlo method(FEM-ANN-MCS)、finite element-artificial neural network-response surface method (FEM-ANN-RSM)、finite element-artificial neural network-maximum entropy approximation ( FEM-ANN-MEA )、finite element-artificial neural network-least square approximation(FEM-ANN-LSA). The merits, shortcomings and applicability of the four methods are investigated through an engineering example of an actual soil slope.
4、The inverse design method for anchors used in slope works is developed based on the proposed FEM-ANN-RSM method. The inverse design method is also developed based on the proposed FEM-ANN-MCS method using the logic of the enumeration method. These two methods are applied to an actual anchored slope to determine the length of anchors.
Results of the investigation indicate the proposed time-history dynamic reliability can describe well changes in the reliability of slope during the entire seismic process. The proposed methods for calculating time-history dynamic reliability (FEM-ANN-MCS、FEM-ANN-RSM,FEM- ANN-MEA ) have high precision and can be used to evaluate seismic slope stability. The FEM-ANN-MCS method is more applicable in the inverse design of anchored slope works.
引文
[1]罗伯特L.威格尔.中国科学院工程力学研究所译.地震工程学[M].北京,科学出版社.1978.
[2]兰州地震研究所等.一九二零年海源大地震[M].北京,地震出版社.1980.
[3]四川地震局.一九三三年叠溪地震[M].成都,四川科学出版社.1983.
[4] GuangQian Wang, Fan Liu, XuDong Fu.ect.Simulation of dam breach development for emergency treatment of the Tangjiashan Quake Lake in China.[J].Science in China Series E:Technological Sciences, 2008. 51(2): 82-94
[5] Xiaojun Li, Zhenghua Zhou, Haiyin Yu.etc.Strong motion observations and recordings from the great Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration. 2008. 7 (3).235-246.
[6]王秀英.汶川Ms 8.0级地震诱发崩塌滑坡特点分析[EB/OL]. (2009-03-05) [2010-04-15]http://bbs.openonline.com.cn/showtopic.aspx?topicid=117039&page=end .
[7]王可钧.世界级的岩土工程研究中心-香港赛马会滑坡防止研究中心简介[J]..岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(5): 607-610.
[8] Jun Dai, Wei Gao, Nong Zhang.ect.Seismic random vibration analysis of shear beams with random structural parameters[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology .2010.24(2).497-504.
[9]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.
[10]董娣,周锡元.地震动不确定性及其影响因素的初步分析[J].地震研究,2006,9(2):167-75.
[11]顾淦臣.论土石坝的地震液化验算和坝坡抗滑稳定计算[J].岩土工程学报, 1981, 3(4): 33-41.
[12] Leshchinsky D. and San K Ching. Pseudo-static stabilityof slopes: Design [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE, 1994, 120(9): 1514-1532.
[13] Bray J D., Repetto P.C. Seismic design considerations for lined solid waste landfills [J]. Geotextiles andGeomembrances, 1994, 13(8) : 497-518.
[14]曾富宝.地震对土坡稳定的影响[J].苏州城建环保学院学报, 1997, 10(3): 16-20.
[15] Ling H I, Cheng A D. Rock sliding induced by seismic force [J]. International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences, 1997, 34(6) : 1021-1029.
[16] Siyahi, Bilge G. Pseudo-static stability analysis in normally consolidated soil slopes subjected to earthquake [J]. Teknik Dergi/Technical journal of Turkish chamber ofcivil engineers Turkish chamber of civil engineers 1998,9(DEC) : 457-461.
[17] Ausilio E, Conte E, Dente G. Seismic stability analysis of reinforced slopes[J]. Soil dynamics and earthquake engineering, 2000, 19(3) : 159-172.
[18]祁生文.边坡动力响应分析及应用研究[D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 2002.
[19]沈珠江,陆培炎.评当前岩土工程实践中的保守倾向[J].岩土工程学报, 1997, 19(4): 115-118.
[20] N.M.NEWMARK.Effects of earthquakes on dams and embarkments[J]. Geotechnique.1965.15(2),139-160.
[21]刘红帅,薄景山,刘德东.岩土边坡地震稳定性评价方法研究进展[J].防灾科技学院学报.2007.9(3).20-27.
[22] Clough R W. and Chopra A K.Earthquake stress analysis in earth dams[J]. J. Engrg.Mechk, ASCE 1966.92 (EM2):197-211.
[23] CaiBo Hu, Yi JieZhou and Yong En Cai.A new finite element model in studying earthquake triggering and continuous evolution of stress field[J]. Earth Sciences, 2009.52(7).994-1004.
[24] T.J.R.Hughes, A.Reali,and G.Sangallic.Duality and unified analysis of discrete approximations in structural dynamics and wave propagation: Comparison of p-method finite elements with k-method NURBS[J].Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2008.197(49).4104-4124.
[25] Amit Srivastavaa, and G.L.Sivakumar Babu.Effect of soil variability on the bearing capacity of clay and in slope stability problems.[J].Engineering Geology, 2009.108(1-2).142-152.
[26] Sung Eun Cho.Probabilistic stability analyses of slopes using the ANN-based response surface[J].Computers and Geotechnics, 2009.36(5).787-797.
[27] Juan M.Mayoral,and Francisco A.Floresa. Effects of soil cracking on the seismic response of soil–structure systems[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2010.30(6):509-523.
[28] Jinzhong SUNa,Xiaofu TIANa Xudong GUAN.Stability Analysis for Loosened Rock Slope of Jinyang Grand Buddha in Taiyuan, China[J].Earth Science Frontiers, 2008,15(4).227-238.
[29]何蕴龙,陆述远.岩石边坡地震作用近似计算方法[J].岩土工程学报, 1998, 20(2): 66-68.
[30]刘红帅,薄景山.岩土边坡地震稳定性分析研究评述[J].地震工程与工程振动, 2005, 20(1): 164-171.
[31]马宁.岩土分类和边坡可靠度分析的支持向量机方法[J].湖南大学. 2008.
[32] Enrique Castilloa,Roberto Minguezb,and Carmen Castilloc.Sensitivity analysis in optimization and reliability problems[J]. Reliability Engineering&System Safety, 2008,93(12)1788-1800.
[33] Hong-bo Zhao. Slope reliability analysis using a support vector machine[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2008,35(3).459-467.
[34]祝玉学.边坡可靠性分析[M].冶金工业出版社, 1993.
[35]陈祖煜.土质边坡稳定分析—原理·方法·程序[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2003.
[36]崔政权,李宁.边坡工程—理论与实践最新发展[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 1999.
[37]陈昌富,彭振斌.露天采场边坡可靠度优化分析及其应用[J].湖南冶金, 1996 (4): 43-46.
[38]李炜.边坡稳定可靠性研究[D].大连理工大学博士学位论文, 2009.
[39]谭晓慧.边坡稳定可靠度分析方法的探讨[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版), 2001,24(6):40-44.
[40]王家臣.边坡工程随机分析原理[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社, 1996,111-117.
[41] S.D.Kodurua and T.Haukaas.Feasibility of FORM in finite element reliability analysis[J]. Structural Safety,2010,32(2):145-153.
[42] Sung Eun Cho.Probabilistic stability analyses of slopes using the ANN-based response surface [J].Computers and Geotechnics.2009,36(5):787-797.
[43] NikosD.Lagaros, Yiannis Tsompanakis,ProdromosN.Psarropoulos.etc. Georgopoulosb Computationally efficient seismic fragility analysis of geostructures[J].Computers&Structures.2009,87(19-20):1198-1203
[44] Lin J.S., Whitman R.. Earthquake induced displacements of sliding blocks [J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1986, 112(1): 44-59.
[45] Hisakzu Sakai, Sumio Sawada and Kenzo Toki. Structure Considering Tensile Failure[J].12 WCEE, 2000,Paper NO.678.
[46]邵龙潭,唐洪祥,孔宪京,等.随机地震作用下土石坝边坡的地震稳定性分析[J].水利学报, 1999,(11): 66-71.
[47] Ai- Homoud A S, Tahtamoni W W. Reliability analysis of three-dimensional dynamic slope stability and earthquake-induced permanent displacement[J]. Soildynamics and earthquake engineering, 2000, 19(2):91-114.
[48]徐建平,谢伟平,白冰.随机地震作用下土坡的永久变形研究[J].武汉理工大学学报, 2002, 24(9): 55-58.
[49]唐洪祥,邵龙潭.地震动力作用下有限元土石坝边坡稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2004,23(8):1318-1324.
[50]贾超,刘宁,陈进.地震作用下土坡可靠度风险分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(4): 703-707
[51] A.J.Li,A.V.Lyaminb,and R.S. Merifielda.Seismic rock slope stability charts based on limit analysis methods.[J]. Computers and Geotechnics.2009.36(12).135-148.
[52] Aurelian C. Trandafira, Toshitaka Kamaib and Roy C.Sidle.Earthquake-induced displacements of gravity retaining walls and anchor-reinforced slopes[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2009,29(3): 428-437.
[53] Bray, J. D.and Travasarou, T. Simplified Procedure for Estimating Earthquake-Induced Deviatoric Slope Displacements. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering[J], 2007.133(4), 381-392.
[54] Moss, R. E. S. "Quantifying Measurement Uncertainty Associated with Thirty Meter Shear Wave Velocity (VS30)." Bulletin of Seismological Society of America [J], 2008.98(3), 1399-1411.
[55]陈菊香,卓建平,卢坤林.考虑地震随机性的土坡可靠度分析[J].水电能源科学.2010.28(2).92-94.
[56]王志华,胡庆兴.均质土坝非平稳随机地震反应分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报, 2010.30(1).35-40.
[57]张海,阳芳,张超.单层土模型场地地震反应分析中土层参数随机性的影响[J].地质调查与研究, 2009, 32(1).75-79.
[58]张强.含随机参数的动态响应研究[D].北京:中国农业大学, 2001.
[59]郝志明.随机结构有限元法及可靠性研究[D].北京:中国工程物理研究院,2001.
[60]胡太彬.随机结构动力分析与动力可靠性优化设计[D].西安:西安电子科技大学, 2005.
[61]田四朋.随机激励下基于动力可靠性的结构优化设计[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学, 2002.
[62]胡太彬,陈建军,王小兵.随机参数刚架结构的平稳随机位移响应动力可靠性分析[J].机械强度.2005,27(5):590-593.
[63]陈建军,车建文.基于概率的工程结构动力特性优化设计[J].应用力学学报, 2000, 17(1):29-35.
[64]吴祥法,杨国树.随机参数结构动力特性的统计分析,北京理工大学学报. I996, 16(1): 43-47.
[65]陈颖,王东升,朱长春.随机结构在随机载荷下的动力可靠度分析[J].工程力学, 2006,23(10):82-85.
[66]李国强.基于概率可靠度进行结构抗震设计的若干理论问题[J].建筑结构学报, 2000, 21(l):13-17.
[67]李杰.随机结构系统一分析与建模[M].北京:科学出版社1996.
[68]李杰.结构动力分析的若干发展趋势[M].世界地震工程.1993, (2):1-8.
[69]李志强.重力式档土墙抗震动力可靠度分析与基于位移法的抗震设计研究[D].北京交通大学博士学位论, 2007.
[70]黄腾威.地震作用下土坡长期稳定可靠度分析[J].福建建设科技, 2003, (2): 8-9.
[71] Der Kjureghian, A,Zhang,Y.and Li, C.C.(1994)Inverse reliability problem[J].Engineering Meehanies,ASCE, 120(5): 1154-1159.
[72] Hong Li and Ricardo O.Foschia. An inverse reliability method and its application[J].Structural Safety,1998, 20(3): 257-270.
[73] Foschi, Rieardo0.Yao, Felix, Li, Hong. Inverse reliability methods in the design of wood struetures[J].Struetures Congress-Proeeedings,1999,667-670
[74] Ramu PalaniaPPan, Qu Xueyong, Youn Byeng Dong.Safety factor and inverse reliability measures[J].Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, 2004,1745-1755.
[75] Liu Du and K.K.Choi. An inverse analysis method for design optimization with both statistical and fuzzy uncertainties[J]. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2008, 37(12):107-119.
[76] Roberto Minguez,Enrique Castillo,and Ali S.Hadi. Solving the inverse reliability problem using decomposition techniques[J]. Structural Safety, 2005:27(1):1-23.
[77] Saranyasoontorn K Manuel L. Effieient models for wind turbine extreme loads using inverse reliability[J]. Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamies, 2004, 92(10): 789-804.
[78]贾善坡,许成祥.油气管道设计的可靠度反分析方法[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版) , 2009.12(6).91-93.
[79]沙丽新,石雪飞.斜拉桥主梁静力可靠性反问题分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2004,36(2):258一260.
[80]程进,肖汝诚.基于逆可靠度法的大跨悬索桥主缆安全系数评估[J].中国公路学报, 2007.20(1):58-61
[81]李典庆,周建方.机械设计中的可靠度反分析方法[J].机械设计, 2001 3(3):33-35.
[82]史冀波.结构可靠度的反问题在桥梁工程中的应用研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学, 2007.
[83]马科.可靠度反分析方法及其在隧道衬砌结构设计中的应用[D].衡阳:南华大学, 2008.
[84]段巍,王璋奇,万书亭.基于BP神经网络和分解技术的汽轮机叶片可靠性反求设计[J].热能动力工程, 2009, 24(5): 578-582.
[85]朱位秋.随机振动[M].北京:科学出版社, 1992.
[86]方同.工程随机振动[M].北京:国防科学出版社, 1995
[87]庄表中.结构随机振动[M].北京:国防工业出版社, 1995.
[88]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数量统计[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2002.
[89]欧进萍,王光远.结构随机振动[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 1998.
[90]牛荻涛.基于弹塑性随机动力分析的抗震结构概率设计理论与方法[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨建筑程学院博士学位论文, 1991.
[91]李小勇.土工参数的空间概率特征[M].北京:原子能出版社, 2006.
[92]严春风,徐健.岩体强度准则概率模型及其应用[M].重庆大学出版社,1999.
[93]王家臣.边坡工程随机分析原理[M].煤炭工业出版社,1996.
[94]徐军,张利民,郑颖人.基于数值模拟和BP网络的可靠度计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22 (3) :395-399.
[95]王彬.熵与信息[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社, 1995
[96]伍朝晖.工程结构可靠度分析理论研究.博士学位论文[D].大连:大连理工大学, 1997.
[97] Chih-Yuan Tsenga, and Ariel Caticha. Using relative entropy to find optimal approximations:An application to simple fluids[J]. Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,2008,387(27): 6759-6770.
[98]张俊芝.服役工程结构可靠性理论及其应用[D]北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2007.
[99]刘旭华.结构动力可靠性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学, 2006.
[100]张明.结构可靠度分析方法与程序[M].北京:科学出版社, 2009
[101]孙思奥.结构可靠度分析方法及相关理论研究[D].北京:清华大学, 2007.
[102]邓建,李夕兵,古德生.结构可靠性分析的多项式数值逼近法[J]计算力学学报2002, 19(2):212-216.
[103]俞礼军,居彩梅.基于最佳平方逼近的交通流统计分布密度函数优度拟合方法[J].东北公路, 2001, 24(4): 91-93.
[104]宫凤强,李夕兵,邓建.工程结构可靠性分析的高阶矩法研究[J].中国工程科学, 2006 8(5): 69-73.
[105]陈卫东,肖先勇,李皖,等.敏感负荷电压凹陷敏感度的最佳平方逼近评估法[J].电网技,2009, 33(8):55-59
[106] Christian Bucher, and Thomas Most A comparison of approximate response functions in structural reliability analysis[J]. ProbabilisticEngineering Mechanics,2008,23(2-3):154-163.
[107]李桂青.结构动力可靠性理论及其应应用[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社.1989.
[108]李桂青.工程结构时变可靠度理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社.2001.
[109]李铁夫.铁路桥梁可靠度设计[M].北京:中国铁道出版社.2006.
[110]李杰.随机结构系统分析与建模[M].北京:科学出版社.1996.
[111]秦权,林道锦,梅刚著.结构可靠度随机有限元理论及工程应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[112]武清玺.结构可靠性分析及随机有限元法理论、方法、工程应用及程序设计[M].北京市:机械工业出版社,2005.
[113]周围垣,杨强.岩石力学数值计算方法[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2005.
[114] Ray Cloug, Joseph Penzien,王光远等译.结构动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2006.
[115]懂军,邓洪洲等.结构动力分析阻尼模型研究[J].世界地震工程, 2000,16(4):63-69.
[116]李田.结构时程动力分析中的阻尼取值研究[J].土木工程学报, 1995, 30(3):68-73.
[117]黄宗明,白绍良,赖明.结构地震反应时程分析中的阻尼问题评述[J].地震工程与工程振动, 1996, 16(2): 95-103.
[118]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2009,28(8):1714-1723.
[119]孙静,袁晓铭.土的动模量和阻尼比研究述评[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):88-94.
[120]姜彤.边坡在地震力作用下的加卸载响应规律与非线性稳定分析[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局地质研究所2004.
[121]祁生文,伍法权,严福章,等.岩质边坡动力反应分析[M].北京.科学出版社, 2007年.
[122]周健,白冰,徐建平.土动力学理论与计算.岩土工程新进展丛书[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[123] Lysme.r J&Khaemeyer.R.L, Finite dnymaie model for infinite media[J]. Journal of Engeering Mechnaies, 1969.95(4):p.859-877.
[124] Kun.R.R&Beresofd.PJ&Cundall.P.A,A tested Soil-structure model for surface interaction[J]. Rookee University,Inida,1977.1(1):p.137-144.
[125] White.W.S&Valliappen&Lee.I.K,Unified boundary for finite dynamic models[J]. Journal of Engeering Mechanics,1977.103:p.949-964.
[126] Lysemer.J&Wass.G,Shear waves in plane infinite structures[J]. Journal of Engeering Mechaanics,1972.98:85-105.
[127]刘红帅,唐立强,薄景山等.确定岩质边坡地震安全系数的新方法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2009,30(9):1007-1010.
[128]万洪.岩质高边坡动力响应分析及其应用研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学, 2009.
[129]刘红帅,唐立强,薄景山等.岩体弹粘塑性显式波动有限元分析[J].煤田地质与勘探, 2009,37(1):38-42.
[130]徐凯燕.大跨度斜拉桥非线性地震反应时程分析及减、隔震研究[D].广州:华南理工大学, 2009.
[131]焦李成.神经网络计算[M].西安电子科技大学出版社, 1993.
[132]袁曾任.人工神经元网络及其应用[M].北京,清华大学出版社, 1999.
[133]从爽.面向MATLAB工具箱的神经网络理论与应用[M].合肥:中国科技大学出版社,1998:13-15.
[134]粟洪,程进.神经网络技术在预应力混凝土桥梁可靠度分析中的应用[J].结构工程师,2009, 25(2) 71 -75.
[135]张杨永,蔡敏.基于响应面重构的一种可靠度计算方法[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版) 2006.29(4) 482-485.
[136]李国勇.神经模糊控制理论及其应用[M].北京.电子工业出版社.2009.
[137]朱学贤.岩石高边坡爆破开挖安全评价[D].武汉.长江科学院硕士学位论文, 2007.6.
[138] GB6722-2003,爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社.2004.
[139]孟吉复,惠鸿斌.爆破测试技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 1992.
[140]黎剑华,张龙,颜荣贵.爆破地震波作用下的边坡失稳机理与临界振速[J].矿冶, 2001,10(1): 11-15.
[141]曹孝君,吴青山,张继春,等.顺层岩质边坡的爆破振动控制标准试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003, 22(11): 1924～1928.
[142]马建兴,王震.爆破振动的研究[J].包头钢铁学院院报, 1996, 15(2):50-54.
[143]卢文波,李海波,陈明,等.水电工程爆破振动安全判据及应用中的几个关键问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报[J], 2009, 28(8):1513–1520.
[144] Savely,J.P. Designing a final blast to improve stability[J]. Presented at the SME Annual Meeting.1986,3 2-6.
[145]马科,丁德馨.可靠度反问题分析方法在地下软岩工程中的应用[J].基础工程设计, 2007, (5):91-95.
[146]陈元,催京洁.土钉支护在基坑工程中的应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1997.
[147]钟金全,李国平.关于结构设计可靠性的探讨[J].结构工程师, 2002, (2):1-4.
[148] CECS 22:90,土层锚杆设计与施工规范[S].北京:中国工程建设标准化协会标准冶金部建筑研究总院, 1991.
[149] CECS 22:2005,岩土锚杆(索)技术规程[S].北京:中国工程建设标准化协会标准中冶集团建筑研究总院, 2005.
[150] DL/T 5083-2004,水利水电工程预应力锚索施工规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会, 2004.
[151]薛新华,张我华,刘红军.土钉支护有限元分析[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版), 2007, 39(5).44-47.
[152]殷宗泽,朱泓,许国华.土与结构材料接触面的变形及其数学模拟[J].岩土工程学报, 1994, 16(3):14-22.
[153]李典庆,常晓林.土钉抗拔试验对粘结强度估计的影响[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版, 2006, 38(3): 17-23.
[154] Goodman R E, Tayor R L, Breke T L. A model of the meehanies of jointed rock[J]. J Soil Mech Div, ASCE, 1968, 94: 637—659.
[155]路菁.大位移效应的空间Goodman接触单元在工程中的应用[J].西部探矿工程.2008.4.15-19.
[156] DL/T5353-2006,水电水利工程边坡设计规范[s].北京;中国水利水电出版社,2007
[157] DL5073-2000,水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998
[158] GB50330-2002,建筑边坡工程技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[159] TJ004-89,公路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[160] GBJ111—87,铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:北京中录同方音像出版,2006.
[2]兰州地震研究所等.一九二零年海源大地震[M].北京,地震出版社.1980.
[3]四川地震局.一九三三年叠溪地震[M].成都,四川科学出版社.1983.
[4] GuangQian Wang, Fan Liu, XuDong Fu.ect.Simulation of dam breach development for emergency treatment of the Tangjiashan Quake Lake in China.[J].Science in China Series E:Technological Sciences, 2008. 51(2): 82-94
[5] Xiaojun Li, Zhenghua Zhou, Haiyin Yu.etc.Strong motion observations and recordings from the great Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration. 2008. 7 (3).235-246.
[6]王秀英.汶川Ms 8.0级地震诱发崩塌滑坡特点分析[EB/OL]. (2009-03-05) [2010-04-15]http://bbs.openonline.com.cn/showtopic.aspx?topicid=117039&page=end .
[7]王可钧.世界级的岩土工程研究中心-香港赛马会滑坡防止研究中心简介[J]..岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(5): 607-610.
[8] Jun Dai, Wei Gao, Nong Zhang.ect.Seismic random vibration analysis of shear beams with random structural parameters[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology .2010.24(2).497-504.
[9]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.
[10]董娣,周锡元.地震动不确定性及其影响因素的初步分析[J].地震研究,2006,9(2):167-75.
[11]顾淦臣.论土石坝的地震液化验算和坝坡抗滑稳定计算[J].岩土工程学报, 1981, 3(4): 33-41.
[12] Leshchinsky D. and San K Ching. Pseudo-static stabilityof slopes: Design [J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE, 1994, 120(9): 1514-1532.
[13] Bray J D., Repetto P.C. Seismic design considerations for lined solid waste landfills [J]. Geotextiles andGeomembrances, 1994, 13(8) : 497-518.
[14]曾富宝.地震对土坡稳定的影响[J].苏州城建环保学院学报, 1997, 10(3): 16-20.
[15] Ling H I, Cheng A D. Rock sliding induced by seismic force [J]. International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences, 1997, 34(6) : 1021-1029.
[16] Siyahi, Bilge G. Pseudo-static stability analysis in normally consolidated soil slopes subjected to earthquake [J]. Teknik Dergi/Technical journal of Turkish chamber ofcivil engineers Turkish chamber of civil engineers 1998,9(DEC) : 457-461.
[17] Ausilio E, Conte E, Dente G. Seismic stability analysis of reinforced slopes[J]. Soil dynamics and earthquake engineering, 2000, 19(3) : 159-172.
[18]祁生文.边坡动力响应分析及应用研究[D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 2002.
[19]沈珠江,陆培炎.评当前岩土工程实践中的保守倾向[J].岩土工程学报, 1997, 19(4): 115-118.
[20] N.M.NEWMARK.Effects of earthquakes on dams and embarkments[J]. Geotechnique.1965.15(2),139-160.
[21]刘红帅,薄景山,刘德东.岩土边坡地震稳定性评价方法研究进展[J].防灾科技学院学报.2007.9(3).20-27.
[22] Clough R W. and Chopra A K.Earthquake stress analysis in earth dams[J]. J. Engrg.Mechk, ASCE 1966.92 (EM2):197-211.
[23] CaiBo Hu, Yi JieZhou and Yong En Cai.A new finite element model in studying earthquake triggering and continuous evolution of stress field[J]. Earth Sciences, 2009.52(7).994-1004.
[24] T.J.R.Hughes, A.Reali,and G.Sangallic.Duality and unified analysis of discrete approximations in structural dynamics and wave propagation: Comparison of p-method finite elements with k-method NURBS[J].Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2008.197(49).4104-4124.
[25] Amit Srivastavaa, and G.L.Sivakumar Babu.Effect of soil variability on the bearing capacity of clay and in slope stability problems.[J].Engineering Geology, 2009.108(1-2).142-152.
[26] Sung Eun Cho.Probabilistic stability analyses of slopes using the ANN-based response surface[J].Computers and Geotechnics, 2009.36(5).787-797.
[27] Juan M.Mayoral,and Francisco A.Floresa. Effects of soil cracking on the seismic response of soil–structure systems[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2010.30(6):509-523.
[28] Jinzhong SUNa,Xiaofu TIANa Xudong GUAN.Stability Analysis for Loosened Rock Slope of Jinyang Grand Buddha in Taiyuan, China[J].Earth Science Frontiers, 2008,15(4).227-238.
[29]何蕴龙,陆述远.岩石边坡地震作用近似计算方法[J].岩土工程学报, 1998, 20(2): 66-68.
[30]刘红帅,薄景山.岩土边坡地震稳定性分析研究评述[J].地震工程与工程振动, 2005, 20(1): 164-171.
[31]马宁.岩土分类和边坡可靠度分析的支持向量机方法[J].湖南大学. 2008.
[32] Enrique Castilloa,Roberto Minguezb,and Carmen Castilloc.Sensitivity analysis in optimization and reliability problems[J]. Reliability Engineering&System Safety, 2008,93(12)1788-1800.
[33] Hong-bo Zhao. Slope reliability analysis using a support vector machine[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2008,35(3).459-467.
[34]祝玉学.边坡可靠性分析[M].冶金工业出版社, 1993.
[35]陈祖煜.土质边坡稳定分析—原理·方法·程序[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2003.
[36]崔政权,李宁.边坡工程—理论与实践最新发展[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 1999.
[37]陈昌富,彭振斌.露天采场边坡可靠度优化分析及其应用[J].湖南冶金, 1996 (4): 43-46.
[38]李炜.边坡稳定可靠性研究[D].大连理工大学博士学位论文, 2009.
[39]谭晓慧.边坡稳定可靠度分析方法的探讨[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版), 2001,24(6):40-44.
[40]王家臣.边坡工程随机分析原理[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社, 1996,111-117.
[41] S.D.Kodurua and T.Haukaas.Feasibility of FORM in finite element reliability analysis[J]. Structural Safety,2010,32(2):145-153.
[42] Sung Eun Cho.Probabilistic stability analyses of slopes using the ANN-based response surface [J].Computers and Geotechnics.2009,36(5):787-797.
[43] NikosD.Lagaros, Yiannis Tsompanakis,ProdromosN.Psarropoulos.etc. Georgopoulosb Computationally efficient seismic fragility analysis of geostructures[J].Computers&Structures.2009,87(19-20):1198-1203
[44] Lin J.S., Whitman R.. Earthquake induced displacements of sliding blocks [J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1986, 112(1): 44-59.
[45] Hisakzu Sakai, Sumio Sawada and Kenzo Toki. Structure Considering Tensile Failure[J].12 WCEE, 2000,Paper NO.678.
[46]邵龙潭,唐洪祥,孔宪京,等.随机地震作用下土石坝边坡的地震稳定性分析[J].水利学报, 1999,(11): 66-71.
[47] Ai- Homoud A S, Tahtamoni W W. Reliability analysis of three-dimensional dynamic slope stability and earthquake-induced permanent displacement[J]. Soildynamics and earthquake engineering, 2000, 19(2):91-114.
[48]徐建平,谢伟平,白冰.随机地震作用下土坡的永久变形研究[J].武汉理工大学学报, 2002, 24(9): 55-58.
[49]唐洪祥,邵龙潭.地震动力作用下有限元土石坝边坡稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2004,23(8):1318-1324.
[50]贾超,刘宁,陈进.地震作用下土坡可靠度风险分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(4): 703-707
[51] A.J.Li,A.V.Lyaminb,and R.S. Merifielda.Seismic rock slope stability charts based on limit analysis methods.[J]. Computers and Geotechnics.2009.36(12).135-148.
[52] Aurelian C. Trandafira, Toshitaka Kamaib and Roy C.Sidle.Earthquake-induced displacements of gravity retaining walls and anchor-reinforced slopes[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2009,29(3): 428-437.
[53] Bray, J. D.and Travasarou, T. Simplified Procedure for Estimating Earthquake-Induced Deviatoric Slope Displacements. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering[J], 2007.133(4), 381-392.
[54] Moss, R. E. S. "Quantifying Measurement Uncertainty Associated with Thirty Meter Shear Wave Velocity (VS30)." Bulletin of Seismological Society of America [J], 2008.98(3), 1399-1411.
[55]陈菊香,卓建平,卢坤林.考虑地震随机性的土坡可靠度分析[J].水电能源科学.2010.28(2).92-94.
[56]王志华,胡庆兴.均质土坝非平稳随机地震反应分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报, 2010.30(1).35-40.
[57]张海,阳芳,张超.单层土模型场地地震反应分析中土层参数随机性的影响[J].地质调查与研究, 2009, 32(1).75-79.
[58]张强.含随机参数的动态响应研究[D].北京:中国农业大学, 2001.
[59]郝志明.随机结构有限元法及可靠性研究[D].北京:中国工程物理研究院,2001.
[60]胡太彬.随机结构动力分析与动力可靠性优化设计[D].西安:西安电子科技大学, 2005.
[61]田四朋.随机激励下基于动力可靠性的结构优化设计[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学, 2002.
[62]胡太彬,陈建军,王小兵.随机参数刚架结构的平稳随机位移响应动力可靠性分析[J].机械强度.2005,27(5):590-593.
[63]陈建军,车建文.基于概率的工程结构动力特性优化设计[J].应用力学学报, 2000, 17(1):29-35.
[64]吴祥法,杨国树.随机参数结构动力特性的统计分析,北京理工大学学报. I996, 16(1): 43-47.
[65]陈颖,王东升,朱长春.随机结构在随机载荷下的动力可靠度分析[J].工程力学, 2006,23(10):82-85.
[66]李国强.基于概率可靠度进行结构抗震设计的若干理论问题[J].建筑结构学报, 2000, 21(l):13-17.
[67]李杰.随机结构系统一分析与建模[M].北京:科学出版社1996.
[68]李杰.结构动力分析的若干发展趋势[M].世界地震工程.1993, (2):1-8.
[69]李志强.重力式档土墙抗震动力可靠度分析与基于位移法的抗震设计研究[D].北京交通大学博士学位论, 2007.
[70]黄腾威.地震作用下土坡长期稳定可靠度分析[J].福建建设科技, 2003, (2): 8-9.
[71] Der Kjureghian, A,Zhang,Y.and Li, C.C.(1994)Inverse reliability problem[J].Engineering Meehanies,ASCE, 120(5): 1154-1159.
[72] Hong Li and Ricardo O.Foschia. An inverse reliability method and its application[J].Structural Safety,1998, 20(3): 257-270.
[73] Foschi, Rieardo0.Yao, Felix, Li, Hong. Inverse reliability methods in the design of wood struetures[J].Struetures Congress-Proeeedings,1999,667-670
[74] Ramu PalaniaPPan, Qu Xueyong, Youn Byeng Dong.Safety factor and inverse reliability measures[J].Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, 2004,1745-1755.
[75] Liu Du and K.K.Choi. An inverse analysis method for design optimization with both statistical and fuzzy uncertainties[J]. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2008, 37(12):107-119.
[76] Roberto Minguez,Enrique Castillo,and Ali S.Hadi. Solving the inverse reliability problem using decomposition techniques[J]. Structural Safety, 2005:27(1):1-23.
[77] Saranyasoontorn K Manuel L. Effieient models for wind turbine extreme loads using inverse reliability[J]. Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamies, 2004, 92(10): 789-804.
[78]贾善坡,许成祥.油气管道设计的可靠度反分析方法[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版) , 2009.12(6).91-93.
[79]沙丽新,石雪飞.斜拉桥主梁静力可靠性反问题分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2004,36(2):258一260.
[80]程进,肖汝诚.基于逆可靠度法的大跨悬索桥主缆安全系数评估[J].中国公路学报, 2007.20(1):58-61
[81]李典庆,周建方.机械设计中的可靠度反分析方法[J].机械设计, 2001 3(3):33-35.
[82]史冀波.结构可靠度的反问题在桥梁工程中的应用研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学, 2007.
[83]马科.可靠度反分析方法及其在隧道衬砌结构设计中的应用[D].衡阳:南华大学, 2008.
[84]段巍,王璋奇,万书亭.基于BP神经网络和分解技术的汽轮机叶片可靠性反求设计[J].热能动力工程, 2009, 24(5): 578-582.
[85]朱位秋.随机振动[M].北京:科学出版社, 1992.
[86]方同.工程随机振动[M].北京:国防科学出版社, 1995
[87]庄表中.结构随机振动[M].北京:国防工业出版社, 1995.
[88]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数量统计[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2002.
[89]欧进萍,王光远.结构随机振动[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 1998.
[90]牛荻涛.基于弹塑性随机动力分析的抗震结构概率设计理论与方法[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨建筑程学院博士学位论文, 1991.
[91]李小勇.土工参数的空间概率特征[M].北京:原子能出版社, 2006.
[92]严春风,徐健.岩体强度准则概率模型及其应用[M].重庆大学出版社,1999.
[93]王家臣.边坡工程随机分析原理[M].煤炭工业出版社,1996.
[94]徐军,张利民,郑颖人.基于数值模拟和BP网络的可靠度计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22 (3) :395-399.
[95]王彬.熵与信息[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社, 1995
[96]伍朝晖.工程结构可靠度分析理论研究.博士学位论文[D].大连:大连理工大学, 1997.
[97] Chih-Yuan Tsenga, and Ariel Caticha. Using relative entropy to find optimal approximations:An application to simple fluids[J]. Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,2008,387(27): 6759-6770.
[98]张俊芝.服役工程结构可靠性理论及其应用[D]北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2007.
[99]刘旭华.结构动力可靠性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学, 2006.
[100]张明.结构可靠度分析方法与程序[M].北京:科学出版社, 2009
[101]孙思奥.结构可靠度分析方法及相关理论研究[D].北京:清华大学, 2007.
[102]邓建,李夕兵,古德生.结构可靠性分析的多项式数值逼近法[J]计算力学学报2002, 19(2):212-216.
[103]俞礼军,居彩梅.基于最佳平方逼近的交通流统计分布密度函数优度拟合方法[J].东北公路, 2001, 24(4): 91-93.
[104]宫凤强,李夕兵,邓建.工程结构可靠性分析的高阶矩法研究[J].中国工程科学, 2006 8(5): 69-73.
[105]陈卫东,肖先勇,李皖,等.敏感负荷电压凹陷敏感度的最佳平方逼近评估法[J].电网技,2009, 33(8):55-59
[106] Christian Bucher, and Thomas Most A comparison of approximate response functions in structural reliability analysis[J]. ProbabilisticEngineering Mechanics,2008,23(2-3):154-163.
[107]李桂青.结构动力可靠性理论及其应应用[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社.1989.
[108]李桂青.工程结构时变可靠度理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社.2001.
[109]李铁夫.铁路桥梁可靠度设计[M].北京:中国铁道出版社.2006.
[110]李杰.随机结构系统分析与建模[M].北京:科学出版社.1996.
[111]秦权,林道锦,梅刚著.结构可靠度随机有限元理论及工程应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[112]武清玺.结构可靠性分析及随机有限元法理论、方法、工程应用及程序设计[M].北京市:机械工业出版社,2005.
[113]周围垣,杨强.岩石力学数值计算方法[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2005.
[114] Ray Cloug, Joseph Penzien,王光远等译.结构动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2006.
[115]懂军,邓洪洲等.结构动力分析阻尼模型研究[J].世界地震工程, 2000,16(4):63-69.
[116]李田.结构时程动力分析中的阻尼取值研究[J].土木工程学报, 1995, 30(3):68-73.
[117]黄宗明,白绍良,赖明.结构地震反应时程分析中的阻尼问题评述[J].地震工程与工程振动, 1996, 16(2): 95-103.
[118]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2009,28(8):1714-1723.
[119]孙静,袁晓铭.土的动模量和阻尼比研究述评[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):88-94.
[120]姜彤.边坡在地震力作用下的加卸载响应规律与非线性稳定分析[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局地质研究所2004.
[121]祁生文,伍法权,严福章,等.岩质边坡动力反应分析[M].北京.科学出版社, 2007年.
[122]周健,白冰,徐建平.土动力学理论与计算.岩土工程新进展丛书[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[123] Lysme.r J&Khaemeyer.R.L, Finite dnymaie model for infinite media[J]. Journal of Engeering Mechnaies, 1969.95(4):p.859-877.
[124] Kun.R.R&Beresofd.PJ&Cundall.P.A,A tested Soil-structure model for surface interaction[J]. Rookee University,Inida,1977.1(1):p.137-144.
[125] White.W.S&Valliappen&Lee.I.K,Unified boundary for finite dynamic models[J]. Journal of Engeering Mechanics,1977.103:p.949-964.
[126] Lysemer.J&Wass.G,Shear waves in plane infinite structures[J]. Journal of Engeering Mechaanics,1972.98:85-105.
[127]刘红帅,唐立强,薄景山等.确定岩质边坡地震安全系数的新方法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2009,30(9):1007-1010.
[128]万洪.岩质高边坡动力响应分析及其应用研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学, 2009.
[129]刘红帅,唐立强,薄景山等.岩体弹粘塑性显式波动有限元分析[J].煤田地质与勘探, 2009,37(1):38-42.
[130]徐凯燕.大跨度斜拉桥非线性地震反应时程分析及减、隔震研究[D].广州:华南理工大学, 2009.
[131]焦李成.神经网络计算[M].西安电子科技大学出版社, 1993.
[132]袁曾任.人工神经元网络及其应用[M].北京,清华大学出版社, 1999.
[133]从爽.面向MATLAB工具箱的神经网络理论与应用[M].合肥:中国科技大学出版社,1998:13-15.
[134]粟洪,程进.神经网络技术在预应力混凝土桥梁可靠度分析中的应用[J].结构工程师,2009, 25(2) 71 -75.
[135]张杨永,蔡敏.基于响应面重构的一种可靠度计算方法[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版) 2006.29(4) 482-485.
[136]李国勇.神经模糊控制理论及其应用[M].北京.电子工业出版社.2009.
[137]朱学贤.岩石高边坡爆破开挖安全评价[D].武汉.长江科学院硕士学位论文, 2007.6.
[138] GB6722-2003,爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社.2004.
[139]孟吉复,惠鸿斌.爆破测试技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 1992.
[140]黎剑华,张龙,颜荣贵.爆破地震波作用下的边坡失稳机理与临界振速[J].矿冶, 2001,10(1): 11-15.
[141]曹孝君,吴青山,张继春,等.顺层岩质边坡的爆破振动控制标准试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003, 22(11): 1924～1928.
[142]马建兴,王震.爆破振动的研究[J].包头钢铁学院院报, 1996, 15(2):50-54.
[143]卢文波,李海波,陈明,等.水电工程爆破振动安全判据及应用中的几个关键问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报[J], 2009, 28(8):1513–1520.
[144] Savely,J.P. Designing a final blast to improve stability[J]. Presented at the SME Annual Meeting.1986,3 2-6.
[145]马科,丁德馨.可靠度反问题分析方法在地下软岩工程中的应用[J].基础工程设计, 2007, (5):91-95.
[146]陈元,催京洁.土钉支护在基坑工程中的应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1997.
[147]钟金全,李国平.关于结构设计可靠性的探讨[J].结构工程师, 2002, (2):1-4.
[148] CECS 22:90,土层锚杆设计与施工规范[S].北京:中国工程建设标准化协会标准冶金部建筑研究总院, 1991.
[149] CECS 22:2005,岩土锚杆(索)技术规程[S].北京:中国工程建设标准化协会标准中冶集团建筑研究总院, 2005.
[150] DL/T 5083-2004,水利水电工程预应力锚索施工规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会, 2004.
[151]薛新华,张我华,刘红军.土钉支护有限元分析[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版), 2007, 39(5).44-47.
[152]殷宗泽,朱泓,许国华.土与结构材料接触面的变形及其数学模拟[J].岩土工程学报, 1994, 16(3):14-22.
[153]李典庆,常晓林.土钉抗拔试验对粘结强度估计的影响[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版, 2006, 38(3): 17-23.
[154] Goodman R E, Tayor R L, Breke T L. A model of the meehanies of jointed rock[J]. J Soil Mech Div, ASCE, 1968, 94: 637—659.
[155]路菁.大位移效应的空间Goodman接触单元在工程中的应用[J].西部探矿工程.2008.4.15-19.
[156] DL/T5353-2006,水电水利工程边坡设计规范[s].北京;中国水利水电出版社,2007
[157] DL5073-2000,水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998
[158] GB50330-2002,建筑边坡工程技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[159] TJ004-89,公路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[160] GBJ111—87,铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:北京中录同方音像出版,2006.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |