防污闪监测系统的实现
|
摘要
污闪是由绝缘子的污湿状态达到一定程度所引起的，绝缘子泄漏电流的变化与其污秽程度及受潮程度有着密切的关系，综合地反映了污闪的发生过程。防污闪监测系统通过直接测量绝缘子表面的泄漏电流及环境的温度和湿度，经过数据处理、分析、判断，达到对绝缘子绝缘状况的实时监测，变定期、全面的被动清洗为不定期、局部的主动清洗，最大程度地防止污闪事故的发生。
本文首先研究了污秽闪络发生的机理，并讨论了表征绝缘子污秽程度的特征量，确定了防污闪监测系统所需要监测的特征量。为了满足用户的不同监测要求和获取不同的监测数据，论文中分别设计完成了在线分析监测系统和在线监测离线分析系统。
在线分析监测系统的前端机选用MSP430单片机作为CPU，完成数据的采集和前期处理；监控室内的工控机通过无线通讯定时与现场的各个前端机进行通讯，实时地接收前端机数据并进行数据处理、判断，实现对各个前端机所监测绝缘子的污湿状态进行预警或报警，该系统还可以根据需要观察某个绝缘子泄漏电流的实时波形，并具有数据库管理和报表、打印等功能。
在线监测离线分析系统采用的是实时数据采集，后期数据处理的办法。前端机仍然是用MSP430单片机作为CPU，完成数据的采集、处理和存储等功能；然后要用手持终端从现场抄收回数据，并通过手持终端上配备的标准RS—232接口通过有线通讯将数据传给后台PC机；最后在后台PC机上完成对数据的处理、分析，形成对高压线路上绝缘子绝缘状况的决策。
Contamination flashover occurs when insulators contamination and humidity state reaches a certain degree. The variety of insulators leakage current has close relation with insulators contamination and humidity state and generally reflects the course of contamination flashover. Contamination flashover monitoring system predominates the insulators insulation degree by measuring leakage current, environment temperature and humidity and then processing, analyzing the data. The method of passive general fixed cleaning will be substituted by the method of active part random cleaning to extremely prevent the contamination flashover.
Firstly the mechanism of contamination flashover is researched in the paper. On the basis of studying the parameters that manifest the insulators contamination degree the system monitoring parameters are confirmed. In order to fulfill the different monitoring request and acquire the different data On-line Analysis Monitoring System and On-line Monitoring Off-line Analysis System are respectively realized.
In the On-line Analysis Monitoring System MSP430 single chip serves as field device's CPU to complete the task of sampling and processing early data. The backstage computer in the room communicates with each field device by wireless communication on time. The computer receives and processes data in order to predict alarm or give an alarm on the insulators contamination and humidity state. The system can make out the leaky current wave graph of any insulator if necessary and complete such functions as database management, report forms and printing.
On-line Monitoring Off-line Analysis System adopts the way of on-line monitoring and off-line analyzing. MSP430 single chip also serves as field device's CPU to complete the task of sampling, processing data and keeping history data in memory. Then the data can be collected with the handy terminal and transmitted to the backstage computer through normative RS-232 COM on the handy terminal by
serial data transfer. Finally the data is processed and analyzed on the computer to get the decision- making of insulators insulation degree on the high voltage network.
本文首先研究了污秽闪络发生的机理，并讨论了表征绝缘子污秽程度的特征量，确定了防污闪监测系统所需要监测的特征量。为了满足用户的不同监测要求和获取不同的监测数据，论文中分别设计完成了在线分析监测系统和在线监测离线分析系统。
在线分析监测系统的前端机选用MSP430单片机作为CPU，完成数据的采集和前期处理；监控室内的工控机通过无线通讯定时与现场的各个前端机进行通讯，实时地接收前端机数据并进行数据处理、判断，实现对各个前端机所监测绝缘子的污湿状态进行预警或报警，该系统还可以根据需要观察某个绝缘子泄漏电流的实时波形，并具有数据库管理和报表、打印等功能。
在线监测离线分析系统采用的是实时数据采集，后期数据处理的办法。前端机仍然是用MSP430单片机作为CPU，完成数据的采集、处理和存储等功能；然后要用手持终端从现场抄收回数据，并通过手持终端上配备的标准RS—232接口通过有线通讯将数据传给后台PC机；最后在后台PC机上完成对数据的处理、分析，形成对高压线路上绝缘子绝缘状况的决策。
Contamination flashover occurs when insulators contamination and humidity state reaches a certain degree. The variety of insulators leakage current has close relation with insulators contamination and humidity state and generally reflects the course of contamination flashover. Contamination flashover monitoring system predominates the insulators insulation degree by measuring leakage current, environment temperature and humidity and then processing, analyzing the data. The method of passive general fixed cleaning will be substituted by the method of active part random cleaning to extremely prevent the contamination flashover.
Firstly the mechanism of contamination flashover is researched in the paper. On the basis of studying the parameters that manifest the insulators contamination degree the system monitoring parameters are confirmed. In order to fulfill the different monitoring request and acquire the different data On-line Analysis Monitoring System and On-line Monitoring Off-line Analysis System are respectively realized.
In the On-line Analysis Monitoring System MSP430 single chip serves as field device's CPU to complete the task of sampling and processing early data. The backstage computer in the room communicates with each field device by wireless communication on time. The computer receives and processes data in order to predict alarm or give an alarm on the insulators contamination and humidity state. The system can make out the leaky current wave graph of any insulator if necessary and complete such functions as database management, report forms and printing.
On-line Monitoring Off-line Analysis System adopts the way of on-line monitoring and off-line analyzing. MSP430 single chip also serves as field device's CPU to complete the task of sampling, processing data and keeping history data in memory. Then the data can be collected with the handy terminal and transmitted to the backstage computer through normative RS-232 COM on the handy terminal by
serial data transfer. Finally the data is processed and analyzed on the computer to get the decision- making of insulators insulation degree on the high voltage network.
引文
[1]郭喜庆．高电压设备绝缘与故障分析．北京：水利水电出版社，1995
[2]顾乐观 孙才新．电力系统的污秽绝缘．重庆：重庆大学出版社，1990
[3]赵智大．高电压技术．北京：中国电力出版社，1999
[4]王伟平．污闪故障的产生及防止．农业电气化．2002(1)：29
[5]关志成 王绍武 梁曦东 王黎明 范炬．我国电力系统绝缘子污闪事故及其对策．高电压技术．2000(12)：37～39
[6]张玲 刘如星．输电线路绝缘子污闪的机理．电力学报．1999(2)：87～90
[7]Guan Zhicheng Cui Guoshun. A study on the leakage current along the surface of polluted insulator. Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, 1994., Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on, Volume: 2,3-8 Jul 1994 Page(s): 495-498 vol.2
[8]Kaidanov, F.; Munteanu, R.. Investigations of leakage currents along polluted and wetted insulators and their correlation with flashover voltages. Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel, 1995., Eighteenth Convention of, 7-8 Mar 1995-3.1.3/4
[9]Shihab, S.; Melik, V.; Zhou, L.; Melik, G.; Alame, N. On-line pollution leakage current monitoring system. Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, 1994., Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on, Volume: 2 , 3-8 Jul 1994 Page(s): 538-541 vol.2
[10]Ziyu Zhao Hengkun Xie Zongren Peng. A newly developed leakage current monitoring system for the assessment of insulator pollution severity. Electrical Insulating Materials, 1995. International Symposium on, 17-20 Sep 1995 Page(s): 319-322
[11]Youssef, M El-Alayly, A.A. Remote monitoring of surface current over insulators. Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition, 2001 IEEE/PES, Volume: 1, 2001 Page(s): 113-116 vol.1
[12]朱正茂 彭湃．Borland C++Builder 5实用编程技术．北京：中国水利水电出版社，2001
[13]唐寅．实时操作系统应用开发．北京：中国电力出版社，2002
[14]胡大可．MSP430系列FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2001
[15]康华光 陈大钦．模拟电子技术基础．北京：高等教育出版社，2001
[16]康华光 邹寿滨．数字电子技术基础．北京：高等教育出版社，2001
[17]张冬梅 黄布毅．无线通信协议及nRF401无线通信模块在信息家电中的应用．郑州轻工业学院学报．2002(6)：67～70
[18]林双平 金科学．无线通信中数据同步接收与传送的实现．计算机科学．2001(4)159～161
[19]何希才．传感器及其应用．北京：国防工业出版社，2001
[20]张宝芬．自动检测技术及仪表控制系统．北京：化学工业出版社，2000
[21]李伯成．微型机应用系统设计．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，2001
[22]黄新红 严璋 杨锡城 杨云．tan δ在线检测用电流传感器的性能分析．高电压技术．2000(12)34～37
[23]聂平由．电流互感器在检测技术中的应用探讨．湖南工业技术学院学报．2002(6)17～18
[24]张文娜．磁补偿式电压电流传感器及其应用．国外电子元器件．2000(6)18～19
[25]孙和义 赵学增 代礼周 赵学涛．高压电气设备泄露电流检测传感器的研究．哈尔滨工业大学学报．2001(10)661～665
[26]张志明 李蓉艳 王磊．Win32环境下串行通信编程技术研究．计算机应用研究．2002(4)154～157
[27]王本年．深入分析串口通讯．计算机编程技巧与维护．2000(12)53～59
[28]Jim Beveridge & Robert Wiener著，侯捷译．Win32多线程程序设计．武昌：华中科技大学出版社，2002
[29]姜滨．用C++Builder编写基于线程的串行通信程序．计算机与数字工程．2002(5)47～51
[30]Papadopoulos, G.M. Bohm, A.P.W. Dahbura, A.T. Multithreaded computer systems. Supercomputing '92. Proceedings, 16-20 Nov 1992 Page(s): 772-775
[31]唐勇 胡振宁 李泽滔．利用C++Builder进行多线程实时数据处理的研究．贵州工业大学学报 2000 (12) 89～94
[32]向运飞 刘旺开 沈为群．多线程技术在计算机测控系统中的应用研究．计算机应用研究 2002(4)112～114
[33](法)米切尔·麦迪圭安著，刘萍 魏东兴译．电磁兼容技术．北京：机械工业出版社，2002
[34]Shihab, S.; Debnath, K.; Gu, Z.; Rao, V. EMI and EMC in high voltage energy systems. Electromagnetic Compatibility, 1992. From a Unified Region to a Unified World. 1992 Regional Symposium on, 2-5 Nov 1992 Page(s): 4.1.6/1-4.1.6/3
[35]Garlick, W.G. EMC analysis for power electronic equipment. Predicting and Assuring EMC in the Power Electronics Arena, IEE Colloquium on, 15 Feb 1994 Page(s): 5/1-5/7
[36]黄海 张辉 华栋．变电站内的电磁干扰及电磁兼容问题．电力建设．2002(2)32～33
[37]刘金培．几种接地保护模式与等电位体．江西通讯科学技术．2002(3)30～32
[38]刘书明 曹晓波．几种电磁干扰的分析与解决．电子产品世界．2002(1)51～53
[39]任克强 刘晖．提高单片机应用系统可靠性的软件技术．计算机应用研究．2002(1)120～122
[40]柴瑜 沙斐．电磁兼容设计在印刷电路板中的应用．电子工程师．2002(1)54～56
[41]韩洪生 胡晨 陆生礼．PDA与PC数据通信技术及其实现．电子器件．2002(3)88～93
[42]何丰．掌上电脑数据采集与微机信息处理的通讯集成与系统实现．宁夏工学院学报．1996(3)25～28
[43]来五星 史铁林等．分布式监测诊断系统中历史数据库系统开发的设计．振动、测试与诊断．1998(6)129～135
[44]姜惠研 李良俊．C++Builder与Microsoft Access在书店管理系统中的应用．鞍山师范学院学报1999(12)89～93
[45]JEAN J．LABROSSE著，邵贝贝译．μC/OS-Ⅱ源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统．北京：中国电力出版社，2001
[46]史保状 杨莉 王红斌．网络型变电站绝缘在线监测及诊断系统．高电压技术．2001(8)33～34
[47]张恺 乐恺 和丽．GSM在自动抄表系统中的应用．应用科技．2002(1)23～25
[2]顾乐观 孙才新．电力系统的污秽绝缘．重庆：重庆大学出版社，1990
[3]赵智大．高电压技术．北京：中国电力出版社，1999
[4]王伟平．污闪故障的产生及防止．农业电气化．2002(1)：29
[5]关志成 王绍武 梁曦东 王黎明 范炬．我国电力系统绝缘子污闪事故及其对策．高电压技术．2000(12)：37～39
[6]张玲 刘如星．输电线路绝缘子污闪的机理．电力学报．1999(2)：87～90
[7]Guan Zhicheng Cui Guoshun. A study on the leakage current along the surface of polluted insulator. Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, 1994., Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on, Volume: 2,3-8 Jul 1994 Page(s): 495-498 vol.2
[8]Kaidanov, F.; Munteanu, R.. Investigations of leakage currents along polluted and wetted insulators and their correlation with flashover voltages. Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel, 1995., Eighteenth Convention of, 7-8 Mar 1995-3.1.3/4
[9]Shihab, S.; Melik, V.; Zhou, L.; Melik, G.; Alame, N. On-line pollution leakage current monitoring system. Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, 1994., Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on, Volume: 2 , 3-8 Jul 1994 Page(s): 538-541 vol.2
[10]Ziyu Zhao Hengkun Xie Zongren Peng. A newly developed leakage current monitoring system for the assessment of insulator pollution severity. Electrical Insulating Materials, 1995. International Symposium on, 17-20 Sep 1995 Page(s): 319-322
[11]Youssef, M El-Alayly, A.A. Remote monitoring of surface current over insulators. Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition, 2001 IEEE/PES, Volume: 1, 2001 Page(s): 113-116 vol.1
[12]朱正茂 彭湃．Borland C++Builder 5实用编程技术．北京：中国水利水电出版社，2001
[13]唐寅．实时操作系统应用开发．北京：中国电力出版社，2002
[14]胡大可．MSP430系列FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2001
[15]康华光 陈大钦．模拟电子技术基础．北京：高等教育出版社，2001
[16]康华光 邹寿滨．数字电子技术基础．北京：高等教育出版社，2001
[17]张冬梅 黄布毅．无线通信协议及nRF401无线通信模块在信息家电中的应用．郑州轻工业学院学报．2002(6)：67～70
[18]林双平 金科学．无线通信中数据同步接收与传送的实现．计算机科学．2001(4)159～161
[19]何希才．传感器及其应用．北京：国防工业出版社，2001
[20]张宝芬．自动检测技术及仪表控制系统．北京：化学工业出版社，2000
[21]李伯成．微型机应用系统设计．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，2001
[22]黄新红 严璋 杨锡城 杨云．tan δ在线检测用电流传感器的性能分析．高电压技术．2000(12)34～37
[23]聂平由．电流互感器在检测技术中的应用探讨．湖南工业技术学院学报．2002(6)17～18
[24]张文娜．磁补偿式电压电流传感器及其应用．国外电子元器件．2000(6)18～19
[25]孙和义 赵学增 代礼周 赵学涛．高压电气设备泄露电流检测传感器的研究．哈尔滨工业大学学报．2001(10)661～665
[26]张志明 李蓉艳 王磊．Win32环境下串行通信编程技术研究．计算机应用研究．2002(4)154～157
[27]王本年．深入分析串口通讯．计算机编程技巧与维护．2000(12)53～59
[28]Jim Beveridge & Robert Wiener著，侯捷译．Win32多线程程序设计．武昌：华中科技大学出版社，2002
[29]姜滨．用C++Builder编写基于线程的串行通信程序．计算机与数字工程．2002(5)47～51
[30]Papadopoulos, G.M. Bohm, A.P.W. Dahbura, A.T. Multithreaded computer systems. Supercomputing '92. Proceedings, 16-20 Nov 1992 Page(s): 772-775
[31]唐勇 胡振宁 李泽滔．利用C++Builder进行多线程实时数据处理的研究．贵州工业大学学报 2000 (12) 89～94
[32]向运飞 刘旺开 沈为群．多线程技术在计算机测控系统中的应用研究．计算机应用研究 2002(4)112～114
[33](法)米切尔·麦迪圭安著，刘萍 魏东兴译．电磁兼容技术．北京：机械工业出版社，2002
[34]Shihab, S.; Debnath, K.; Gu, Z.; Rao, V. EMI and EMC in high voltage energy systems. Electromagnetic Compatibility, 1992. From a Unified Region to a Unified World. 1992 Regional Symposium on, 2-5 Nov 1992 Page(s): 4.1.6/1-4.1.6/3
[35]Garlick, W.G. EMC analysis for power electronic equipment. Predicting and Assuring EMC in the Power Electronics Arena, IEE Colloquium on, 15 Feb 1994 Page(s): 5/1-5/7
[36]黄海 张辉 华栋．变电站内的电磁干扰及电磁兼容问题．电力建设．2002(2)32～33
[37]刘金培．几种接地保护模式与等电位体．江西通讯科学技术．2002(3)30～32
[38]刘书明 曹晓波．几种电磁干扰的分析与解决．电子产品世界．2002(1)51～53
[39]任克强 刘晖．提高单片机应用系统可靠性的软件技术．计算机应用研究．2002(1)120～122
[40]柴瑜 沙斐．电磁兼容设计在印刷电路板中的应用．电子工程师．2002(1)54～56
[41]韩洪生 胡晨 陆生礼．PDA与PC数据通信技术及其实现．电子器件．2002(3)88～93
[42]何丰．掌上电脑数据采集与微机信息处理的通讯集成与系统实现．宁夏工学院学报．1996(3)25～28
[43]来五星 史铁林等．分布式监测诊断系统中历史数据库系统开发的设计．振动、测试与诊断．1998(6)129～135
[44]姜惠研 李良俊．C++Builder与Microsoft Access在书店管理系统中的应用．鞍山师范学院学报1999(12)89～93
[45]JEAN J．LABROSSE著，邵贝贝译．μC/OS-Ⅱ源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统．北京：中国电力出版社，2001
[46]史保状 杨莉 王红斌．网络型变电站绝缘在线监测及诊断系统．高电压技术．2001(8)33～34
[47]张恺 乐恺 和丽．GSM在自动抄表系统中的应用．应用科技．2002(1)23～25