禽源大肠杆菌、奇异变形杆菌多重耐药的分子特征及CTX-M基因传播扩散机制
|
摘要
随着抗菌药物的广泛使用,禽源肠杆菌科细菌对药物的抗性快速传播,尤其呈多重耐药的细菌更为明显。过去十几年,产超广谱β-内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌已经广泛流行,并呈现多样性,这很多程度上是由于CTX-M型超广谱β-内酰胺酶基因的出现。该型基因常常在人类、食品动物、伴侣动物、野生动物和环境中发现。有多种原因使细菌能获得多重耐药,如接合转移、转座、插入序列元件、编码位点特异性整合的DNA移动元件(整合子)。本试验的目的是研究禽源大肠杆菌、奇异变形杆菌多重耐药的分子特征及CTX-M型超广谱β-内酰胺酶基因传播扩散机制。
通过药敏试验、ESBL和AmpC产酶确证、耐药基因检测、质粒分析、接合试验、质粒不相容性分群,研究禽源细菌的多重耐药特性；通过系统发育分群和多位点序列分型研究禽源大肠杆菌的进化关系。通过PCR定位技术和分子克隆技术分析bluCTX-M的基因环境和rmtB基因的基因环境。
1.利用VITEK-32全自动细菌鉴定仪对从不同地区养殖场的病死家禽中分离的64株禽源分离菌进行鉴定,获得43株禽源大肠杆菌和21株奇异变形杆菌。ESBL和AmpC的确证试验结果表明：43株禽源大肠杆菌中有19株产超广谱β-内胺酰酶,1株产AmpC酶；分离的21株奇异变形杆菌中,有10株产超广谱β-内胺酰酶,6株产AmpC酶。药物敏感性试验表明超广谱β-内胺酰酶的禽源大肠杆菌和奇异变形杆菌表现不同的耐药特征。大部分菌株对氨苄西林、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、卡那霉素耐药。此外,有4株大肠杆菌对氨基糖苷类药物(卡那霉素、庆大霉素、阿米卡星)呈现高水平耐药。本试验系统发育分析表明：4株大肠杆菌属于D群,其余属于A群。多位点序列分型(Multilocus sequence typing,MLST)结果表明：20株大肠杆菌属于11种ST序列,表现了高的差异性。
2.本试验通过接合试验获得了15株大肠杆菌的接合子。大肠杆菌耐药基因检测表明：16株大肠杆菌产TEM-1型β-内酰胺酶；19株产CTX型超广谱β内酰胺酶,其中1株为CTX-M-3,5株为CTX-M-14,2株为CTX-M-55,1株为CTX-M-24,1株为CTX-M-27,9株为CTX-M-65。5株产OXA-1型超广谱β-内酰胺酶：1株产CMY-2型AmpC酶；奇异变形杆菌耐药基因检测表明：10株产TEM型β-内酰胺酶；10株产CTX型超广谱β-内酰胺酶,占48%(10/21),其中CTX-M-14型的6株,CTX-M-65型的4株；6株产CMY-2型AmpC酶,占29%(6/21)；6株产OXA-1型超广谱p-内酰胺酶,其中的1株还同时产OXA-10超广谱β-内酰胺酶；SHV型基因在两种菌中均没有检测到。
3.blaCTX-M的基因环境因其亚型不同而有差异。blaCTX-M-3、blaCTX-M-55、 blaCTX-M-14、blaCTX-M-24、blaCTX-M-27、blaCTX-M-65上游均存在ISEcp1,但某些情况被IS26截断或被IS10插入。重要的是,研究首次确定了一种新的blaCTX-M基因环境的结构ISEcp1Δ-IS1294-ΔISEcp1-blaCTX-M-5-ORF477,在此结构中,ISEcp1被一个完整的IS1294截断,已提交NCBI获得序列号JN977127。上游ISEcp1与blaCTX-M基因的间隔区也有差异,对blaCTX-M-55是45bp,也有48bp,对CTX-M-9族基因均为42bp。对于下游,核酸序列分析表明,CTX-M-1族的blaCTX-M-3和blaCTX-M-55是orf477,对CTX-M-9族是IS903,但有的被截断。结果也同时表明blaCTX-M基因多位于IncI1和IncF可接合性质粒上,blacmy-2基因位于IncA/C可接合性质粒上。
4.4株大肠杆菌中检测到rmtB基因(9%,4/43),占产β-内酰胺酶基因的大肠杆菌20%(4/20)。值得注意的是,含有这种基因的大肠杆菌还同时产CTX-M型ESBL和CMY-2型AmpC。这对临床使用β-内酰胺类抗生素和氨基糖苷类抗生素构成了严重威胁。在1株大肠杆菌中,发现blaCTX-M-55和rmtB基因分别位于不同的质粒上IncI1和IncN,这种抗性质粒可以单独也可以一起通过接合而传递,结果也同时显示rmtB基因被Tn3转座子携带。
综上,产ESBL的大肠杆菌在禽类中广泛流行,CTX-M也呈多样性流行。blaCTX-M的基因环境因亚型不同而有差异。核酸序列表明,blaCTX-M基因的上游存在ISEcp1元件;blaCTX-M基因的下游在CTX-M-1组是orf477,在CTX-M-9族是IS903。本试验中,在大肠杆菌C21中同时检测到blaCTX-M-55和rmtB基因,并且分别位于不同的接合型质粒上。同时,第一次检测到
ISEcp1Δ-IS1294-ΔISEcp1-blaCTX-M-55-ORF477的结构,ISEcp1被一个完整的IS1294截断。质粒接合传递、转座和IS元件有助于多重耐药基因的快速传播,这对人类和兽医构成了很大的威胁。
With the widespread use of antimicrobial agents for prevention and therapy in infected animals, the rapid dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, especially multidrug-resistance (MDR), is increasing among poultry-original Enterobacteriaceae in the worldwide. Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBLs)-producing E. coli have increased in prevalence and diversity through the last decade, largely due to the emergence of CTX-M beta-lactamases. CTX-M producing E. coli have been found in humans, food producing animals, companion animals, wild animals and the environment. There are many ways for bacteria to obtain multidrug-resistance, example for Conjugative transfer, transposition,IS elements and mobile DNA elements encoding site-specific gene-integration functions (integrons). The purpose of this study was to characterize the molecular characterisation and mechanism of dissemination of CTX-M genes in Multidrug-resistant isolates of Escherichiu coli (E. coli) and Proteus mirabilis(p. mirabilis) from Poultry.
The Multidrug-resistant isolates were examined by isolation and identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, confirmation of ESBL and AmpC, resistant genes screening, plasmid analysis, conjugation experiments, and the plasmid incompatibility groups in parental strain and its transconjugants was investigated by PCR-based replicon typing. The multiplex PCR was carried to determine whether this strain were commensal (A and B1) or were associated with phylogroups exhibiting extraintestinal virulence (B2and D). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to study the genetic relatedness of a collection of isolates of E. coli. PCR mapping and gene cloning were performed to investigate the genetic environment of blaCTX-M and rmtB, respectively.
1. Forty-three isolates of E. coli and twenty-one isolates of p. mirabilis were identified with Vitek-32system (BioMerieux, France), which were collected from the dead poultry from different geographic regions. The results of ESBL and AmpC confirmation showed that19isolates of E. coli produced the ESBLs,1isolate of E. coli produced the AmpCs,10isolates of p. mirabilis produced the ESBLs,6isolate of p. mirabilis produced the AmpCs. The ESBL-producing isolates of E. coli and the isolates of p. mirabilis showed different patterns of antibiotic resistance based on their resistant phenotype by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Most of these isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, kanamycin. Moreover,4isolates of E. coli also exhibited a high level resistance to aminoglycosides including kanamycin, amikacin, gentamicin. In the present study, Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the4isolates of E. coli belonged to group D, the other belonged to group A. The results of MLST revealed that20isolates of E. coli belonged to11kinds(ST23, ST93, ST117, ST155, ST156, ST162, ST224, ST410, ST539, ST602, ST2847). MLST analysis showed a high diversity of the isolates.
2.15transconjugants from20E. coli isolates were successfully obtained by conjugation experiments.BlaTEM-1genes were detected in16of the43E. coli isolates (37%). BlaTEM-M genes were detected in19of the43E. coli isolates (44%). The most common CTX-M types were blaCTX-M-65(n=9),blaCTX-M-14(n=5), followed by blaCTX-M-55,blaCTX-M-3,blaCTX-M-24,blaCTX-M-27.BlaOXA-1was detected in5isolates. blacny-2was detected in one isolate.qnrS1gene was detected in1of the43E. coli isolates (2.3%). BlaTEM-1genes were detected in10of the21p. mirabilis isolates (48%). blaCTX-M genes were detected in10of the21p. mirabilis isolates (48%). The most common CTX-M types were blaCTX-M-14(n=6), blaCTX-M-65(n=4). blacmy-2was detected in6isolates (29%). qnrD gene was detected in3of the21E. coli isolates (14%). BlaOXA-1was detected in6isolates, and BlaOXA-10was detected one same isolate simultaneously. BlaSHV was not detected in all isolates.
3. The genetic environments of blaCTX-M genes were shown specific for the subtype of the genes.A mobile genetic element ISEcpl (in some cases truncated or inserted by IS26, IS10sequences) were detected upstream of blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-55, and blaCRX-M-14,blaCTX-M-24, blaCTX-M-27, blaCTX-M-65genes. Importantly, for the first time, a new arrangement, ISEcp1Δ-IS1294-ΔISEcpl-blaCTX-M-55-ORF477was identified, in which the ISEcpl element was disrupted by another insertion sequence, IS1294. The nucleotide sequence of the genetic environment of blaCTX-M-55was deposited in GenBank under the accession no. JN977127. A special characteristic was the sequence between ISEcp1and blaCTX-M gene:48bp for blaCTX-M-55and45bp for blCTX-M-55;42bp for CTX-M-9group genes. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that orf477was located downstream of blaCTX-M-3and blaCTX-M-55, and insertion sequence IS903(intact or truncated) was detected downstream of CTX-M-9group gene. It was also shown that blaCTX-M genes were mostly located on conjugative plasmids belonging mainly to the incompatibility groups IncI1and IncF, while conjugative plasmids, which harboring blacmy-2, belonged IncA/C.
4. The rmtB gene was detected in4of the43E. coli isolates (9%), in4of the20beta-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates(20%). It is worth noting that CTX-M-producing isolates of E. coli coproduced16S rRNA methylase, and cmy-2-producing isolate of E. coli coproduced16S rRNA methylase, and this poses a severe threat to the clinical use of β-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides in human and veterinary medicine. The blaCTX-M-55and rmtB genes were found to be present in the separate plasmids belong to the IncI1and IncN, respectively. These antibiotic resistant plasmids could be transferred to the recipient strain alone or together. The results also showed that the rmtB gene was carried by Tn3transposon
In conclusion, CTX-M-producing E. coli have increased in prevalence and diversity in poultry. The genetic environments of blacCTX-M genes were shown specific for the subtype of the genes.Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that a mobile genetic element ISEcp1were detected upstream of blaCTX-M, insertion sequence IS903(intact or truncated) was detected downstream of CTX-M-9group gene, and orf477was located downstream of CTX-M-1group gene. The blaCTX-M-55and rmtB genes were detected firstly in the same strain of E. coli C21isolated from a chicken in China, and were found to be present in separate plasmids belonging to the Incl1and IncN families, respectively.Both plasmids harboring these genes were conjugative. This study also described, for the first time, a new arrangement,
ISEcp1Δ-IS1294-AISEcp1-blaCTX-M-55-ORF477, in which the ISEcpl element was disrupted by another insertion sequence, the IS1294element. Conjugative plasmid, transposition and IS elements may contribute to the rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes, and this is of great significance to human and veterinary medicine.
通过药敏试验、ESBL和AmpC产酶确证、耐药基因检测、质粒分析、接合试验、质粒不相容性分群,研究禽源细菌的多重耐药特性；通过系统发育分群和多位点序列分型研究禽源大肠杆菌的进化关系。通过PCR定位技术和分子克隆技术分析bluCTX-M的基因环境和rmtB基因的基因环境。
1.利用VITEK-32全自动细菌鉴定仪对从不同地区养殖场的病死家禽中分离的64株禽源分离菌进行鉴定,获得43株禽源大肠杆菌和21株奇异变形杆菌。ESBL和AmpC的确证试验结果表明：43株禽源大肠杆菌中有19株产超广谱β-内胺酰酶,1株产AmpC酶；分离的21株奇异变形杆菌中,有10株产超广谱β-内胺酰酶,6株产AmpC酶。药物敏感性试验表明超广谱β-内胺酰酶的禽源大肠杆菌和奇异变形杆菌表现不同的耐药特征。大部分菌株对氨苄西林、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、卡那霉素耐药。此外,有4株大肠杆菌对氨基糖苷类药物(卡那霉素、庆大霉素、阿米卡星)呈现高水平耐药。本试验系统发育分析表明：4株大肠杆菌属于D群,其余属于A群。多位点序列分型(Multilocus sequence typing,MLST)结果表明：20株大肠杆菌属于11种ST序列,表现了高的差异性。
2.本试验通过接合试验获得了15株大肠杆菌的接合子。大肠杆菌耐药基因检测表明：16株大肠杆菌产TEM-1型β-内酰胺酶；19株产CTX型超广谱β内酰胺酶,其中1株为CTX-M-3,5株为CTX-M-14,2株为CTX-M-55,1株为CTX-M-24,1株为CTX-M-27,9株为CTX-M-65。5株产OXA-1型超广谱β-内酰胺酶：1株产CMY-2型AmpC酶；奇异变形杆菌耐药基因检测表明：10株产TEM型β-内酰胺酶；10株产CTX型超广谱β-内酰胺酶,占48%(10/21),其中CTX-M-14型的6株,CTX-M-65型的4株；6株产CMY-2型AmpC酶,占29%(6/21)；6株产OXA-1型超广谱p-内酰胺酶,其中的1株还同时产OXA-10超广谱β-内酰胺酶；SHV型基因在两种菌中均没有检测到。
3.blaCTX-M的基因环境因其亚型不同而有差异。blaCTX-M-3、blaCTX-M-55、 blaCTX-M-14、blaCTX-M-24、blaCTX-M-27、blaCTX-M-65上游均存在ISEcp1,但某些情况被IS26截断或被IS10插入。重要的是,研究首次确定了一种新的blaCTX-M基因环境的结构ISEcp1Δ-IS1294-ΔISEcp1-blaCTX-M-5-ORF477,在此结构中,ISEcp1被一个完整的IS1294截断,已提交NCBI获得序列号JN977127。上游ISEcp1与blaCTX-M基因的间隔区也有差异,对blaCTX-M-55是45bp,也有48bp,对CTX-M-9族基因均为42bp。对于下游,核酸序列分析表明,CTX-M-1族的blaCTX-M-3和blaCTX-M-55是orf477,对CTX-M-9族是IS903,但有的被截断。结果也同时表明blaCTX-M基因多位于IncI1和IncF可接合性质粒上,blacmy-2基因位于IncA/C可接合性质粒上。
4.4株大肠杆菌中检测到rmtB基因(9%,4/43),占产β-内酰胺酶基因的大肠杆菌20%(4/20)。值得注意的是,含有这种基因的大肠杆菌还同时产CTX-M型ESBL和CMY-2型AmpC。这对临床使用β-内酰胺类抗生素和氨基糖苷类抗生素构成了严重威胁。在1株大肠杆菌中,发现blaCTX-M-55和rmtB基因分别位于不同的质粒上IncI1和IncN,这种抗性质粒可以单独也可以一起通过接合而传递,结果也同时显示rmtB基因被Tn3转座子携带。
综上,产ESBL的大肠杆菌在禽类中广泛流行,CTX-M也呈多样性流行。blaCTX-M的基因环境因亚型不同而有差异。核酸序列表明,blaCTX-M基因的上游存在ISEcp1元件;blaCTX-M基因的下游在CTX-M-1组是orf477,在CTX-M-9族是IS903。本试验中,在大肠杆菌C21中同时检测到blaCTX-M-55和rmtB基因,并且分别位于不同的接合型质粒上。同时,第一次检测到
ISEcp1Δ-IS1294-ΔISEcp1-blaCTX-M-55-ORF477的结构,ISEcp1被一个完整的IS1294截断。质粒接合传递、转座和IS元件有助于多重耐药基因的快速传播,这对人类和兽医构成了很大的威胁。
With the widespread use of antimicrobial agents for prevention and therapy in infected animals, the rapid dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, especially multidrug-resistance (MDR), is increasing among poultry-original Enterobacteriaceae in the worldwide. Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBLs)-producing E. coli have increased in prevalence and diversity through the last decade, largely due to the emergence of CTX-M beta-lactamases. CTX-M producing E. coli have been found in humans, food producing animals, companion animals, wild animals and the environment. There are many ways for bacteria to obtain multidrug-resistance, example for Conjugative transfer, transposition,IS elements and mobile DNA elements encoding site-specific gene-integration functions (integrons). The purpose of this study was to characterize the molecular characterisation and mechanism of dissemination of CTX-M genes in Multidrug-resistant isolates of Escherichiu coli (E. coli) and Proteus mirabilis(p. mirabilis) from Poultry.
The Multidrug-resistant isolates were examined by isolation and identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, confirmation of ESBL and AmpC, resistant genes screening, plasmid analysis, conjugation experiments, and the plasmid incompatibility groups in parental strain and its transconjugants was investigated by PCR-based replicon typing. The multiplex PCR was carried to determine whether this strain were commensal (A and B1) or were associated with phylogroups exhibiting extraintestinal virulence (B2and D). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to study the genetic relatedness of a collection of isolates of E. coli. PCR mapping and gene cloning were performed to investigate the genetic environment of blaCTX-M and rmtB, respectively.
1. Forty-three isolates of E. coli and twenty-one isolates of p. mirabilis were identified with Vitek-32system (BioMerieux, France), which were collected from the dead poultry from different geographic regions. The results of ESBL and AmpC confirmation showed that19isolates of E. coli produced the ESBLs,1isolate of E. coli produced the AmpCs,10isolates of p. mirabilis produced the ESBLs,6isolate of p. mirabilis produced the AmpCs. The ESBL-producing isolates of E. coli and the isolates of p. mirabilis showed different patterns of antibiotic resistance based on their resistant phenotype by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Most of these isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, kanamycin. Moreover,4isolates of E. coli also exhibited a high level resistance to aminoglycosides including kanamycin, amikacin, gentamicin. In the present study, Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the4isolates of E. coli belonged to group D, the other belonged to group A. The results of MLST revealed that20isolates of E. coli belonged to11kinds(ST23, ST93, ST117, ST155, ST156, ST162, ST224, ST410, ST539, ST602, ST2847). MLST analysis showed a high diversity of the isolates.
2.15transconjugants from20E. coli isolates were successfully obtained by conjugation experiments.BlaTEM-1genes were detected in16of the43E. coli isolates (37%). BlaTEM-M genes were detected in19of the43E. coli isolates (44%). The most common CTX-M types were blaCTX-M-65(n=9),blaCTX-M-14(n=5), followed by blaCTX-M-55,blaCTX-M-3,blaCTX-M-24,blaCTX-M-27.BlaOXA-1was detected in5isolates. blacny-2was detected in one isolate.qnrS1gene was detected in1of the43E. coli isolates (2.3%). BlaTEM-1genes were detected in10of the21p. mirabilis isolates (48%). blaCTX-M genes were detected in10of the21p. mirabilis isolates (48%). The most common CTX-M types were blaCTX-M-14(n=6), blaCTX-M-65(n=4). blacmy-2was detected in6isolates (29%). qnrD gene was detected in3of the21E. coli isolates (14%). BlaOXA-1was detected in6isolates, and BlaOXA-10was detected one same isolate simultaneously. BlaSHV was not detected in all isolates.
3. The genetic environments of blaCTX-M genes were shown specific for the subtype of the genes.A mobile genetic element ISEcpl (in some cases truncated or inserted by IS26, IS10sequences) were detected upstream of blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-55, and blaCRX-M-14,blaCTX-M-24, blaCTX-M-27, blaCTX-M-65genes. Importantly, for the first time, a new arrangement, ISEcp1Δ-IS1294-ΔISEcpl-blaCTX-M-55-ORF477was identified, in which the ISEcpl element was disrupted by another insertion sequence, IS1294. The nucleotide sequence of the genetic environment of blaCTX-M-55was deposited in GenBank under the accession no. JN977127. A special characteristic was the sequence between ISEcp1and blaCTX-M gene:48bp for blaCTX-M-55and45bp for blCTX-M-55;42bp for CTX-M-9group genes. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that orf477was located downstream of blaCTX-M-3and blaCTX-M-55, and insertion sequence IS903(intact or truncated) was detected downstream of CTX-M-9group gene. It was also shown that blaCTX-M genes were mostly located on conjugative plasmids belonging mainly to the incompatibility groups IncI1and IncF, while conjugative plasmids, which harboring blacmy-2, belonged IncA/C.
4. The rmtB gene was detected in4of the43E. coli isolates (9%), in4of the20beta-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates(20%). It is worth noting that CTX-M-producing isolates of E. coli coproduced16S rRNA methylase, and cmy-2-producing isolate of E. coli coproduced16S rRNA methylase, and this poses a severe threat to the clinical use of β-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides in human and veterinary medicine. The blaCTX-M-55and rmtB genes were found to be present in the separate plasmids belong to the IncI1and IncN, respectively. These antibiotic resistant plasmids could be transferred to the recipient strain alone or together. The results also showed that the rmtB gene was carried by Tn3transposon
In conclusion, CTX-M-producing E. coli have increased in prevalence and diversity in poultry. The genetic environments of blacCTX-M genes were shown specific for the subtype of the genes.Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that a mobile genetic element ISEcp1were detected upstream of blaCTX-M, insertion sequence IS903(intact or truncated) was detected downstream of CTX-M-9group gene, and orf477was located downstream of CTX-M-1group gene. The blaCTX-M-55and rmtB genes were detected firstly in the same strain of E. coli C21isolated from a chicken in China, and were found to be present in separate plasmids belonging to the Incl1and IncN families, respectively.Both plasmids harboring these genes were conjugative. This study also described, for the first time, a new arrangement,
ISEcp1Δ-IS1294-AISEcp1-blaCTX-M-55-ORF477, in which the ISEcpl element was disrupted by another insertion sequence, the IS1294element. Conjugative plasmid, transposition and IS elements may contribute to the rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes, and this is of great significance to human and veterinary medicine.
引文
尹辉.质粒介导的AmpCβ内酰胺酶的研究进展[J].国外医药(抗生素分册),2003,257-260.
下承东,李德生,汤纯香,邓林华,黄志,韩红应,张钰.大熊猫生殖道感染奇异变形杆菌一例[J].四川动物,2007,167.
江益民,龙塔,候玉泽,秦翠丽,王满仓,丁建山.鸡奇异变形杆菌病病原的分离与鉴定[J].河南农业科学,1990,31-33.
李少彤,孙风琪,曾德荣,许少洪,一起奇异变形杆菌引起食物中毒的病原学分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2002,620.
李永清,甘孟侯.禽大肠杆菌病防制研究进展.中国兽医学报[J],2000,414-416.
李玉红,邹全明.氨基糖苷类钝化酶耐药机制的研究进展.国外医学.药学分册[J],2005,]99-203.
段珍.夏平安,张风华,卢高峰.党占国,李伟娟.崔保安,狐狸奇异变形杆菌的分离与鉴定[J].中国兽医利学.2008,1050-1054.
胡传伟,贾赟资,简中友,袁文泽.水貂奇异变形杆菌的分离与鉴定.经济动物学报[J],2006,77-79.
徐艳,郭丽双,付英梅,张文莉,张凤民.细菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素的耐药机制[J].中国微生态学杂志,2008,191-193.
高崧,彭大新,文其乙,吴艳涛,甘军纪,焦新安,滕峰,刘文博,张如宽,刘秀梵.禽大肠杆菌病免疫保护机理的研究[J].畜牧曾医学报,2001.345-353.
刘晶,多丽波.染色体介导的AmpC酶研究进展.国际检验医学杂志[J],2006,641-643.
刘国璋,陈族武,李志雄,范春梅,周建华,温旺荣.奇异变形杆菌引发人猴腹泻暴发流行的调查研究[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1998,79-80.
刘坚龄,张艳丽.李龙玉,崔巧飞.一起由奇异变形杆菌引起的食物中毒的检验[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2009.2704+2721.
庞卓,夏晓潮,陈锋,王建荣.野生草食动物源奇异变形杆菌的耐药性分忻[J].野生动物,2010,249-251+253.
杨玲丽,陈杖榴.刘健华,曾振灵.马俊英,吴聪明.动物、环境及饲养员重耐药大肠杆菌的PFGE分型研究[J].中国农业科学,2006,2597-2602.
许海峰.雏鸡奇异变形杆菌病的诊断[J].中国畜禽传染病.1997,46-48.
湛南辉,邓舜洲,郭松林,朱芝秀,张锦华,李彦萍,谌澄光.珍禽源奇异变形杆菌分离株微生物学特征研究[J].中国预防兽医学报,1999,2-5.
邓运龙,张咏梅,苗红旗.一起奇异变形杆菌引起的食物中毒[J].解放军预防医学杂志,1997,68.
陈武.鹿科动物奇异变形杆菌病的诊治[J].中国兽医杂志.2002,28-29.
Aeschlimann, J.R. The role of multidrug efflux pumps in the antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative bacteria. Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy,2003.23,916-924.
Ambler, R.P., Coulson, A.F., Frere, J.M., Ghuysen, J.M., Joris, B., Forsman, M., Levesque, R.C., Tiraby, G.,Waley, S.G. A standard numbering scheme for the class A beta-lactamases. Biochem J,1991,276 (Pt 1),269-270.
Bahrani, F.K., Johnson, D.E., Robbins, D., Mobley, H.L. Proteus mirabilis flagella and MR/P fimbriae: isolation, purification, N-terminal analysis, and serum antibody response following experimental urinary tract infection. Infect Immun,1991,59,3574-3580.
Batchelor, E., Walthers, D., Kenney, L.J., Goulian, M. The Escherichia coli CpxA-CpxR envelope stress response system regulates expression of the porins ompF and ompC. J Bacteriol,2005, 187,5723-5731.
Bennett, P.M. Integrons and gene cassettes:a genetic construction kit for bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother,1999,43,1-4.
Bercot, B., Poirel, L., Nordmann, P. Plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylases among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52,4526-4527.
Bercot, B., Poirel, L., Silva-Sanchez, J., Nordmann, P. Association of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene blaTLA-1 with a novel ISCR element, ISCR20,Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54,4026-4028.
Bisgaard, M., Dam, A. Salpingitis in poultry. I. Prevalence, bacteriology and possible pathogenesis in broilers. Nard Vet Med,1980,32,361-368.
Blanco, M., Alonso, M.P., Nicolas-Chanoine, M.H., Dahbi, C., Mora, A., Blanco, J.E., Lopez, C. Cortes, P., Llagostera, M., Leflon-Guibout, V., Puentes, B., Mamani, R., Herrera, A., Coira, M.A., Garcia-Garrote, F., Pita, J.M., Blanco, J. Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum{beta}-lactamases in Lugo (Spain):dissemination of clone O25b:H4-ST131 producing CTX-M-15. J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,63,1135-1141.
Bogaerts, P., Galimand, M., Bauraing, C., Deplano, A., Vanhoof, R., De Mendonca, R., Rodriguez-Villalobos, H., Struelens, M., Glupczynski, Y. Emergence of ArmA and RmtB aminoglycoside resistance 16S rRNA methylases in Belgium. J Antimicrob Chemother,2007, 59,459-464.
Bohnert, J.A.,Kern, W.V. Selected arylpiperazines are capable of reversing multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli overexpressing RND efflux pumps. Anticrob Agents Chemother,2005,49, 849-852.
Bohnert, J.A., Schuster, S., Seeger, M.A., Fahnrich, E., Pos, K.M., Kern, W.V. Site-directed mutagenesis reveals putative substrate binding residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB.J Bacteriol,2008,190,8225-8229.
Bradford, P.A. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the 21st century:characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clin Microbiol Rev,2001,14,933-951,table of contents.
Bratu, S., Landman, D., Martin, D.A., Georgescu, C., Quale, J. Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52, 2999-3005.
Bressler, A.M.. Williams, T., Culler, E.E., Zhu, W., Lonsway, D., Patel, J.B., Nolte, F.S. Correlation of penicillin Binding protein 2a detection with oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and discovery of a novel penicillin binding protein 2a mutation. J Clin Microbiol,2005,43, 4541-4544.
Briaux-Gerbaud, S., Gerbaud, G., Jaffe-Brachet, A. Transposition of a tetracycline-resistance determinant (Tn 1523) and cointegration events mediated by the plP231 plasm id in Escherichia coli. Gene,1981,15,139-149.
Bush, K., Jacoby, G.A., Medeiros, A.A. A functional classification scheme for beta-lactamases and its correlation with molecular structure. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,1995,39,1211-1233.
Carattoli, A., Bertini, A., Villa, L., Falbo, V., Hopkins, K.L., Threlfall, E.J. Identification of plasmids by PCR-based replicon typing. J Microbiol Methods,2005,63,219-228.
Cattoir, V., "Nordmann, P.,Silva-Sanchez, J., Espinal, P., Poirel, L. ISEcpl-mediated transposition of qnrB-like gene in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52,2929-2932.
Cavaco, L.M., Hasman, H., Xia, S., Aarestrup, F.M. qnrD, a novel gene conferring transferable quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky and Bovismorbiflcans strains of human origin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,603-608.
Chantratita, N., Rholl, D.A., Sim, B., Wuthiekanun, V., Limmathurotsakul, D., Amornchai, P., Thanwisai, A., Chua, H.H., Ooi, W.F., Holden, M.T., Day, N.P., Tan, P., Schweizer, H.P., Peacock, S.J. Antimicrobial resistance to ceftazidime involving loss of penicillin-binding protein 3 in Burkholderia pseudomallei. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2011,108,17165-17170.
Chen, Y.G., Qu, T.T., Yu, Y.S., Zhou, J.Y., Li, L.J. Insertion sequence ISEcp I-like element connected with a novel aph(2") allele [aph(2")-le] conferring high-level gentamicin resistance and a novel streptomycin adenylyltransferase gene in Enterococcus. J Mad Microbiol,2006,55, 1521-1525.
Chen, Y.T., Liao, T.L., Liu, Y.M., Lauderdale, T.L., Yan, J.J., Tsai, S.F. Mobilization of qnrB2 and ISCR1 in plasmids. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,1235-1237.
Clermont, O., Bonacorsi, S., Bingen, E. Rapid and simple determination of the Escherichia coli phylogenetic group. Appl Environ Microbiol,2000,66,4555-4558.
Clermont, O., Dhanji, H,, Upton, M., Gibreel, T., Fox, A., Boyd, D., Mulvey, M.R., Nordmann, P., Ruppe, E., Sarthou, J.L., Frank, T., Vimont, S., Arlet, G., Branger, C., Woodford, N., Denamur, E. Rapid detection of the O25b-ST131 clone of Escherichia coli encompassing the CTX-M-15-producing strains.J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,64,274-277.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing:Twentieth Informational Supplement M100-S20.2010, CLSI, Wayne, PA.
Collis, C.M., Grammaticopoulos, G., Briton, J.,Stokes, H.W., Hall, R.M. Site-specific insertion of gene cassettes into integrons. Mol Microbiol,1993,9,41-52.
Cullik, A., Pfeifer, Y., Prager, R., von Baum, H., Witte, W. A novel IS26 structure surrounds blaCTX-M genes in different plasmids from German clinical Escherichia coli isolates. J Mud Microbiol 2010,59,580-587.
Curiao, T., Canton, R., Garcillan-Barcia, M.P., de la Cruz, F., Baquero, F., Coque, T.M. Association of composite IS26-sul3 elements with highly transmissible Incll plasmids in extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli clones from humans. Aniimicrob Agents Chemother,2011,55,2451-2457.
Damjanova, I., Toth, A., Paszti, J., Hajbel-Vekony, G., Jakab, M., Berta, J., Milch, H., Fuzi, M. Expansion and countrywide dissemination of ST11, ST15 and STI47 ciprofloxacin-resistant CTX-M-15-type beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae epidemic clones in Hungary in 2005-the new'MRSAs'? J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,62,978-985.
Davis, M.A., Baker, K.N., Orfe, L.H., Shah, D.H., Besser, T.E., Call, D.R. Discovery of a gene conferring multiple-aminoglycoside resistance in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54,2666-2669.
Dawes, F.E., Kuzevski, A., Bettelheim, K.A., Hornitzky, M.A., Djordjevic, S.P., Walker, M.J. Distribution of class I integrons with IS26-mediated deletions in their 3'-conserved segments in Escherichia coli of human and animal origin. PLoS One,2010,5, e12754.
del Pilar Garcillan-Barcia, M, Bernales, I., Mendiola, M.V., de la Cruz, F. Single-stranded DNA intermediates in IS91 rolling-circle transposition. Mol Microbiol,2001,39,494-501.
del Solar, G., Giraldo, R., Ruiz-Echevarria, M.J., Espinosa, M., Diaz-Orejas, R. Replication and control of circular bacterial plasmids. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev,1998,62,434-464.
Deng, Y, Zeng, Z., Chen, S., He, L., Liu, Y., Wu, C., Chen, Z.(Yao, Q., Hou, J., Yang, T., Liu, J.H. Dissemination of IncFⅡ plasmids carrying rmtB and qepA in Escherichia coli from pigs, farm workers and the environment, Clin Microbiol Infect,2011,17,1740-1745.
Dhanji, H., Doumith, M., Rooney, P.J., O'Leary, M.C., Loughrey, A.C., Hope, R., Woodford, N., Livermore, D.M. Molecular epidemiology of fluoroquinolone-resistant ST131 Escherichia coli producing CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in nursing homes in Belfast, UK. J Antimicrob Chemother,2011,66,297-303.
Doi, Y., Adams-Haduch, J.M., Paterson, D.L. Escherichia coli isolate coproducing 16S rRNA Methylase and CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase isolated from an outpatient in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52,1204-1205.
Doi, Y., de Oliveira Garcia, D., Adams, J., Paterson, D.L. Coproduction of novel 16S rRNA methylase RmtD and metallo-beta-lactamase SPM-1 in a panresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate from Brazil. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,852-856.
Doi, Y., Yokoyama, K., Yamane, K., Wachino, J., Shibata, N., Yagi, T., Shibayama, K., Kato, H., Arakawa, Y. Plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase in Serratia marcescens conferring high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2004,48,491-496.
Du, X.D., Wu, C.M., Liu, H.B., Li, X.S., Beier, R.C.. Xiao, F., Qin, S.S., Huang, S.Y., Shen, J.Z. Plasmid-mediated ArmA and RmtB 16S rRNA methylases in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens. J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,64,1328-1330.
Eckert, C, Gamier, V., Arlet. G. DNA sequence analysis of the genetic environment of various blaCTX-M genes. J Antimicrob Chemother,2006,57,14-23.
Elkins. C.A., Nikaido. H. Substrate specificity of the RND-type multidrug efflux pumps AcrB and AcrD of Escherichia coli is determined predominantly by two large periplasmic loops.J Bacteriol,2002.184,6490-6498.
Ender. P.T., Gajanana,D., Johnston, B., Clabots. C., Tamarkin, F.J., Johnson, J.R. Transmission of an extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (sequence type SX131) strain between a father and daughter resulting in septic shock and Emphysematous pyelonephritis../ Clin Microbiol,2009,47,3780-3782.
Galimand, M., Courvalin, P., Lambert, T. Plasmid-mediated high-level resistance to aminoglycosides in Enterobacteriaceae due to 16S rRNA methylation. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2003.47, 2565-2571.
Garcia-Fernandez,A., Chiaretto, G., Bertini, A.,Villa, L., Fortini, D., Ricci, A., Carattoli, A. Multilocus sequence typing of Incll plasmids carrying extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli and Salmonella of human and animal origin. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008, 61,1229-1233.
Garcillan-Barcia, M.P., de la Cruz, F. Distribution of IS91 family insertion sequences in bacterial genomes:evolutionary implications. FEMS Microbiol Ecol,2002,42,303-313.
Golebiewski, M., Kern-Zdanowicz, I., Zienkiewicz, M., Adamczyk, M., Zylinska, J., Baraniak, A., Gniadkowski, M., Bardowski, J., Ceglowski, P. Complete nucleotide sequence of the pCTX-M3 plasmid and its involvement in spread of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene blaCTX-M-3. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,3789-3795.
Gonullu, N., Aktas, Z., Kayacan, C.B., Salcioglu, M., Carattoli, A., Yong, D.E., Walsh, T.R. Dissemination of CTX-M-15 beta-lactamase genes carried on Inc FI and FII plasmids among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in a university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. J Clin Microbiol,2008,46,1110-1112.
Gonzalez-Zorn, B., Catalan, A., Escudero, J.A., Dominguez, L., Teshager, T., Porrero, C., Moreno, MA. Genetic basis for dissemination of armA. J Antimicrob Chemother,2005,56,583-585.
Guardabassi, L., Schwarz, S., Lloyd, D.H. Pet animals as reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother,2004,54,321-332.
Guillard, T., Cambau, E., Neuwirth, C., Nenninger, T., Mbadi, A., Brasme, L., Vernet-Garnier, V., Bajolet, O., de Champs, C. Description of a 2,683-base-pair plasmid containing qnrD in two Providencia rettgeri isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2012,56,565-568.
Hall, R.M. Mobile gene cassettes and integrons:moving antibiotic resistance genes in gram-negative bacteria. Ciba Found Symp,1997,207,192-202; discussion 202-195.
Hall, R.M., Brookes, D.E., Stokes, H.W. Site-specific insertion of genes into integrons:role of the 59-base element and determination of the recombination cross-over point. Mol Microbiol, 1991,5,1941-1959.
Hata, M., Suzuki, M., Matsumoto, M., Takahashi, M., Sato, K., Ibe, S., Sakae, K. Cloning of a novel gene for quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2005,49,801-803.
Helaly, G.F., Abou Shleib, H., Fanaki, N.H., Abdel Kader, O., Ali, G.H. Potential Co-prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinant qepA and 16S rRNA Methylase rmtB among E.coli Clinical Isolates from Alexandria-Egypt. J Egypt Public Health Assoc,2010,85, 247-272.
Ho. P.L.,Lo, W.U., Wong, R.C., Yeung, M.K., Chow, K.H., Que, T.L., Tong, A.H., Bao, J.Y., Lok. S., Wong, S.S. Complete sequencing of the Fll plasmid pHK01, encoding CTX-M-14. and molecular analysis of its variants among Escherichia coli from Hong Kong.J Antimicrob Chemother,2011a,66,752-756.
Ho, P.L., Lo. W.U., Yeung, M.K., Lin, C.H., Chow, K.H., Ang, I., Tong, A.H., Bao, J.Y., Lok, S., Lo, J.Y. Complete sequencing of pNDM-HK encoding NDM-I carbapenemase from a multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strain isolated in Hong Kong. PLoS One,2011b,6, e17989.
Hopkins, K.L., Liebana, E., Villa, L., Batchelor, M., Threlfall, E.J., Carattoli, A. Replicon typing of plasmids carrying CTX-M or CMY beta-lactamases circulating among Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2006,50,3203-3206.
Hordijk, J., Bosnian, A.B., van Essen-Zandbergen, A., Veldman, K., Dierikx, C., Wagenaar, J.A., Mevius, D. qnrB 19 gene bracketed by IS26 on a 40-kilobase IncR plasmid from an Escherichia coli isolate from a veal calf. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2011,55,453-454.
Hou,J.,Huang, X., Deng, Y., He, L., Yang, T., Zeng, Z., Chen, Z., Liu, J.H. Dissemination of the Fosfomycin Resistance Gene fosA3 with CTX-M beta-Lactamase Genes and rmtB Carried on IncFII Plasmids among Escherichia coli Isolates from Pets in China. Amimicroh Agents Chemother,2012,56,2135-2138.
Hulton, C.S., Higgins, C.F., Sharp, P.M. ERIC sequences:a novel family of repetitive elements in the genomes of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and other enterobacteria. Mol Microbiol, 1991,5,825-834.
Jacoby, G.A. Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones. Clin Infect Dis,2005,41 Suppl 2, S120-126.
Jacoby, G.A., Walsh, K.E., Mills, D.M., Walker, V.J., Oh, H., Robicsek, A., Hooper, D.C. qnrB, another plasmid-mediated gene for quinolone resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2006, 50,1178-1182.
Jeoung, O.Y., Jang, S.J., Li, X.M., Park, G., Yong, D.E., Kang, J.O., Koo, S.H., Kim, W.Y., Kim, E.C., Park, Y.J., Song, W.K., Shin, J.H., Ahn, J.Y., Uh, Y., Lee, K.W., Lee, S.H., Lee, W.G., Lee, H.S., Choi, T.Y., Cho, J.H., Jeong, S.H., Hong, S.G., Lee, J., Kim, D.M., Chang, C.L., Shin, S.H., Moon, D.S. Prevalence and spread of integron-IS26 in imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in South Korea. Int J Antimicrob Agents,2009,34,612-614.
Johnson, J.R., Miller, S., Johnston, B., Clabots, C., Debroy, C. Sharing of Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 and other multidrug-resistant and Urovirulent E. coli strains among dogs and cats within a household. J Clin Microbiol,2009,47,3721-3725.
Kang, H.Y., Kim, J., Seol, S.Y., Lee, Y.C., Lee, J.C., Cho, D.T. Characterization of conjugative plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance genes encoding 16S rRNA methylase, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and/or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase.J Microbiol,2009,47,68-75.
Karim, A.,Poirel, L., Nagarajan, S., Nordmann, P. Plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (CTX-M-3 like) from India and gene association with insertion sequence ISEcpl. FEMS Microbiol Lett,2001,201,237-241.
Kim, E.H., Aoki, T. The transposon-like structure of IS26-tetracycline, and kanamycin resistance determinant derived from transferable R plasmid of fish pathogen,Pasteurella piscicida. Microbiol Immunol,1994,38,31-38.
Kim, E.H., Nies, D.H., McEvoy, M.M., Reusing, C. Switch or funnel:how RND-type transport systems control periplasmic metal homeostasis. J Bacterial,2011,193,2381-2387.
Kliebe, C., Nies, B.A., Meyer, J.F., Tolxdorff-Neutzling, R.M., Wiedemann, B. Evolution of plasmid-coded resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother, 1985,28,302-307.
Koronakis, V., Sharff. A., Koronakis, E., Luisi, B.,Hughes, C. Crystal structure of the bacterial membrane protein TolC central to multidrug efflux and protein export. Nature,2000,405, 914-919.
Lartigue, M.F., Zinsius, C., Wenger, A., Bille. J., Poirel, L., Nordmann, P. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases of the CTX-M type now in Switzerland. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007, 51,2855-2860.
Lau, S.H., Kaufmann, M.E., Livermore, D.M., Woodford, N., Willshaw, G.A., Cheasty, T., Stamper, K., Reddy, S., Cheesbrough, J., Bolton, F.J., Fox, A.J., Upton, M. UK epidemic Escherichia coli strains A-E, with CTX-M-15 beta-lactamase, all belong to the international O25:H4-ST131 clone. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,62,1241-1244.
Lavilla, S., Gonzalez-Lopez, J.J., Miro, E., Dominguez, A., Llagostera, M., Bartolome, R.M., Mirelis, B., Navarro, F., Prats, G. Dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria:the food-borne outbreak lesson. J Anlimicrob Chemother,2008,61,1244-1251.
Lee, S.G., Jeong, S.H., Lee, H., Kim, C.K., Lee, Y., Koh, E., Chong, Y., Lee, K. Spread of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from a Korean hospital. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis,2009,63, 76-80.
Leflon-Guibout, V., Blanco, J., Amaqdouf, K., Mora, A., Guize, L., Nicolas-Chanoine, M.H. Absence of CTX-M enzymes but high prevalence of clones, including clone ST131, among fecal Escherichia coli isolates from healthy subjects living in the area of Paris, France.J Clin Microbiol,2008,46,3900-3905.
Levy, S.B. The challenge of antibiotic resistance. Sci Am,1998,278,46-53.
Levy, S.B., Marshall, B. Antibacterial resistance worldwide:causes, challenges and responses. Nat Med, 2004,10, S122-129.
Li, D.X., Zhang, S.M., Hu, G.Z., Wang, Y., Liu, H.B., Wu, CM., Shang, Y.H., Chen, Y.X., Du, X.D. Tn3-associated rmtB together with qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr and bla CTX-M-15 are co-located on an F49:A-:B-plasmid in an Escherichia coli ST10 strain in China. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2012,67,236-238.
Li, H., Walsh, T.R., Toleman, M.A. Molecular analysis of the sequences surrounding blaOXA-45 reveals acquisition of this gene by Pseudomonas aeruginosa via a novel ISCR element, ISCR5. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,1248-1251.
Li, J., Ma, Y., Hu, C., Jin, S., Zhang, Q., Ding, H., Ran, L., Cui, S. Dissemination of cefotaxime-M-producing Escherichia coli isolates in poultry farms, but not swine farms, in China. Foodborne Pathog Dis,2010a,7,1387-1392.
Li, W.K., Jiang, H., Huang, Y.F., Wan, X.Q. [Transforming of the drug resistance plasmid from Staphylococcus aureus into Escherichia coli]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao,2010b,30, 2482-2484.
Liu, J.H., Deng, Y.T., Zeng, Z.L., Gao, J.H., Chen, L., Arakawa, Y., Chen, Z.L. Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52,2992-2993.
Liu, J.H.. Wei, S.Y., Ma, J.Y., Zeng, Z.L.. Lu. D.H., Yang, G.X., Chen. Z.L. Detection and characterisation of CTX-M and CMY-2 beta-lactamases among Escherichia coli isolates from farm animals in Guangdong Province of China.Int J Aniimicrob Agents,2007,29,576-581.
Liu, W., Chen, L., Li, H., Duan, H., Zhang, Y., Liang, X., Li, X., Zou, M., Xu, L., Hawkey, P.M. Novel CTX-M {beta}-lactamase genotype distribution and spread into multiple species of Enterobacteriaceae in Changsha,Southern China. J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,63,895-900.
Lupski, J.R. Molecular mechanisms for transposition of drug-resistance genes and other movable genetic elements. Rev Infect Dis.1987,9,357-368.
Magesh, H., Kamatchi, C., Vaidyanathan, R., Sumathi, G. Identification of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnrAI, qnrB1 and aac(6')-1b-cr in a multiple drug-resistant isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Chennai. Indian J Med Microbiol,2011,29,262-268.
Mahamoud, A., Chevalier, J., Alibert-Franco, S., Kern, W.V., Pages, J.M. Antibiotic efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria:the inhibitor response strategy. J Antimicrob Chemother,2007,59, 1223-1229.
Maiden, M.C., Bygraves, J.A., Feil, E., Morelli, G., Russell, J.E., Urwin, R., Zhang, Q., Zhou, J., Zurth, K., Caugant, D.A., Feavers, I.M., Achtman, M., Spratt, B.G. Multilocus sequence typing:a portable approach to the identification of clones within populations of pathogenic microorganisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,1998,95,3140-3145.
Mandic, A., Ostojic, N. [The role and importance of plasmid resistance in certain pathogenic enterobacteria], Med Pregl,1995,48,437-440.
Martinez-Martinez, L., Pascual, A., Jacoby, G.A. Quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid. Lancet,1998,351,797-799.
Mayer, L.W. Use of plasmid profiles in epidemiologic surveillance of disease outbreaks and in tracing the transmission of antibiotic resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev,1988,1,228-243.
Meka, V.G., Gold, H.S. Antimicrobial resistance to linezolid. Clin Infect Dis,2004,39,1010-1015.
Mendiola, M.V., Bernales, I., de la Cruz, F. Differential roles of the transposon termini in IS91 transposition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,1994,91,1922-1926.
Mendiola, M.V., Jubete, Y., de la Cruz, F. DNA sequence of IS91 and identification of the transposase gene. J Bacteriol,1992,174,1345-1351.
Miranda, J.M., Vazquez, B.I., Fente, C.A., Barros-Velazquez, J., Cepeda, A., Franco, C.M. Evolution of resistance in poultry intestinal Escherichia coli during three commonly used antimicrobial therapeutic treatments in poultry. Poult Sci,2008,87,1643-1648.
Miriagou, V., Carattoli, A., Tzelepi, E., Villa, L., Tzouvelekis, L.S. IS26-associated In4-type integrons forming multiresistance loci in enterobacterial plasm ids. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2005, 49,3541-3543.
Mobley, H.L., Hausinger, R.P. Microbial ureases:significance, regulation, and molecular characterization. Microbiol Rev,1989,53,85-108.
Moellering, R.C., Jr. NDM-1--a cause for worldwide concern. N Engl J Med,2010,363,2377-2379.
Mollet, B., lida, S., Shepherd, J., Arber, W. Nucleotide sequence of 1S26, a new prokaryotic mobile genetic element. Nucleic Acids Res,1983,11,6319-6330.
Montesinos, I., Rodriguez-Villalobos, H., De Mendonca, R., Bogaerts, P., Deplano. A., Glupczynski, Y. Molecular characterization of plasmids encoding CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase associated with the ST131 Escherichia coli clone in Belgium. J Antimicrob Chemother,2010,65,1828-1830.
Munday, C.J., Boyd, D.A., Brenwald, N., Miller, M., Andrews, J.M., Wise, R., Mulvey, M.R., Hawkey, P.M. Molecular and kinetic comparison of the novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamases CTX-M-25 and CTX-M-26. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2004,48,4829-4834.
Nakano, R., Okamoto, R., Nagano, N., Inoue, M. Resistance to gram-negative organisms due to high-level expression of plasmid-encoded ampC beta-lactamase blaCMY-4 promoted by insertion sequence ISEcpl.J Infect Chemother,2007,13,18-23.
Nikaido, H. Porins and specific diffusion channels in bacterial outer membranes.J Biol Chem,1994, 269,3905-3908.
Olliver, A., Valle, M., Chaslus-Dancla, E., Cloeckaert, A. Overexpression of the multidrug efflux operon acrEF by insertional activation with IS1 or IS10 elements in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium DT204 acrB mutants selected with fluoroquinolones. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2005,49,289-301.
Oteo, J., Orden, B., Bautista, V., Cuevas, O., Arroyo, M., Martinez-Ruiz, R., Perez-Vazquez, M., Alcaraz, M., Garcia-Cobos, S., Campos, J. CTX-M-15-producing urinary Escherichia coli O25b-ST131-phylogroup B2 has acquired resistance to fosfomycin. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2009,64,712-717.
Pagani, L., Dell'Amico, E., Migliavacca, R., D'Andrea, M.M., Giacobone, E., Amicosante, G., Romero, E., Rossolini, G.M. Multiple CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in nosocomial isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from a hospital in northern Italy. J Clin Microbiol,2003,41, 4264-4269.
Partridge, S.R. Genetic environment of ISEcp1 and blaACC-1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51, 2658-2659; author reply 2659.
Partridge, S.R., Zong, Z., Iredell, J.R. Recombination in IS26 and Tn2 in the evolution of multiresistance regions carrying blaCTX-M-15 on conjugative IncF plasmids from Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2011,55,4971-4978.
Pedro, L., Banos, R.C., Aznar, S., Madrid, C., Balsalobre, C., Juarez, A. Antibiotics shaping bacterial genome:deletion of an IS91 flanked virulence determinant upon exposure to subinhibitory antibiotic concentrations. PLoS One,2011,6, e27606.
Perichon, B., Courvalin, P., Galimand, M. Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,2464-2469.
Phillips, I., Casewell, M., Cox, T., De Groot, B., Friis, C., Jones, R., Nightingale, C., Preston, R., Waddell, J. Does the use of antibiotics in food animals pose a risk to human health? A critical review of published data. J Antimicrob Chemother,2004,53,28-52.
Piddock, L.J. Clinically relevant chromosomally encoded multidrug resistance efflux pumps in bacteria. Clin Microhiol Rev,2006,19,382-402.
Pitout, J.D., Gregson, D.B., Campbell, L., Laupland, K.B. Molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates causing bacteremia in the Calgary Health Region from 2000 to 2007:emergence of clone ST131 as a cause of community-acquired infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,2846-2851.
Pitout, J.D., Wei, Y., Church, D.L., Gregson, D.B. Surveillance for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Enterobacteriaceae within the Calgary Health Region, Canada:the emergence of aac(6')-1b-cr. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,61,999-1002.
Poirel, L., Lagrutta, E., Taylor, P., Pham, J., Nordmann, P. Emergence of metallo-beta-lactamase NDM-1-producing multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in Australia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010.54,4914-4916.
Poirel,L., Lartigue, M.F., Decousser, J.W., Nordmann, P. ISEcpIB-mediated transposition of blaCTX-M in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2005,49,447-450.
Pomba, C, da Fonseca, J.D., Baptista, B.C., Correia, J.D., Martinez-Martinez, L. Detection of the pandemic O25-ST131 human virulent Escherichia coli CTX-M-15-producing clone harboring the qnrB2 and aac(6')-1b-cr genes in a dog. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,327-328.
Poole, K. Efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother,2005,56,20-51.
Qu, T.T., Yang, Q., Shen, P., Wet, Z.Q., Yu, Y.S. Novel Vancoinycin-Resistance Transposon, Plasmid Replicon Types, and Virulence Factors of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Zhejiang, China. Microh Drug Resist,2012.
Robicsek, A., Strahilevitz, J., Jacoby, G.A., Macielag, M., Abbanat, D., Park, C.H., Bush, K., Hooper, D.C. Fluoroquinolone-modifying enzyme:a new adaptation of a common aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. Nat Med,2006,12,83-88.
Rocha-Gracia, R., Ruiz, E., Romero-Romero, S., Lozano-Zarain, P., Somalo, S., Palacios-Hernandez, J.M., Caballero-Torres, P., Torres, C. Detection of the plasmid-borne quinolone resistance determinant qepAl in a CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli strain from Mexico. J Antimicrob Chemother,2010,65,169-171.
Rossolini, G.M., D'Andrea, M.M., Mugnaioli, C. The spread of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Clin Microbiol Infect,2008,14 Suppl1,33-41.
Rudneva, S.N., Stoliarova, L.G., Ershov, A.A., Pantiukhova, V.V. [Spread and transfer of plasmid resistance in Escherichia coli]. Antibiotiki,1980,25,429-432.
Ruiz, J. Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones:target alterations, decreased accumulation and DNA gyrase protection. J Antimicrob Chemother,2003,51,1109-1117.
Saladin, M., Cao, V.T., Lambert, T., Donay, J.L., Herrmann, J.L., Ould-Hocine, Z., Verdet, C., Delisle, F., Philippon, A., Arlet, G. Diversity of CTX-M beta-lactamases and their promoter regions from Enterobacteriaceae isolated in three Parisian hospitals. FEMS Microbiol Lett,2002,209, 161-168.
Schleinitz, K.M., Vallaeys, T., Kleinsteuber, S. Structural characterization of 1SCR8,1SCR22, and ISCR23, subgroups of IS91-like insertion elements. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54, 4321-4328.
Sechi, L.A., Zanetti, S., Dupre,1., Delogu, C., Fadda, G. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences as molecular targets for typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. J Clin Microbiol,1998,36,128-132.
Seeger, M.A., Schiefner, A., Eicher, T., Verrey, F., Diederichs, K., Pos, K.M. Structural asymmetry of AcrB trimer suggests a peristaltic pump mechanism. Science,2006,313,1295-1298.
Sharples, G.J., Lloyd, R.G. A novel repeated DNA sequence located in the intergenic regions of bacterial chromosomes. Nucleic Acids Res,1990,18,6503-6508.
Shlaes, D.M., Currie-McCumber, C. Dissemination of a plasmid determining multiple antibiotic resistance between two Veterans Administration Medical Centers. Infect Control,1986,7, 362-364.
Skaare, D., Allum, A.G., Anthonisen, I.L., Jenkins, A., Lia, A., Strand, L., Tveten,Y., Kristiansen, B.E. Mutant ftsl genes in the emergence of penicillin-binding protein-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Haemophilus influenzae in Norway. Clin Microbiol Infect,2010,16, 1117-1124.
Smet, A., Martel, A., Persoons, D., Dewulf, J., Heyndrickx, M., Cloeckaert, A., Praud,K.,Claeys, G., Catry, B., Herman, L., Haesebrouck, F., Butaye, P. Comparative analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-carrying plasmids from different members of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry, pigs and humans:evidence for a shared [beta}-lactam resistance gene pool? J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,63,1286-1288.
Stokes, H.W., Hall, R.M. A novel family of potentially mobile DNA elements encoding site-specific gene-integration functions:integrons. Mol Microbiol,1989,3,1669-1683.
Su, Z., Dai, X., Chen, J., Kong, F., Wang, H., Li, Y., Peng, S., Wang, S., Shao, Q., Lv, L., Xu, H. The bla(CTX-M-1) gene located in a novel complex class I integron bearing an ISCRI element in Escherichia coli isolates from Zhenjiang, China. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,62, 1150-1151.
Sun, Y., Zeng, Z., Chen, S., Ma, J., He, L., Liu, Y., Deng, Y., Lei, T., Zhao, J., Liu, J.H. High prevalence of bla(CTX-M) extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Escherichia coli isolates from pets and emergence of CTX-M-64 in China. Clin Microbiol Infect,2010,16, 1475-1481.
Svara, F., Rankin, D.J. The evolution of plasmid-carried antibiotic resistance. BMC Evol Biol,2011, II, 130.
Szabo, D., Kocsis, B., Rokusz, L., Szentandrassy, J., Katona, K., Kristof, K., Nagy, K. First detection of plasmid-mediated, quinolone resistance determinants qnrA, qnrB, qnrS and aac(6')-Ib-cr in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Budapest, Hungary. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,62,630-632.
Tamae, C, Liu, A., Kim, K., Sitz, D., Hong, J., Becket, E., Bui, A., Solaimani, P., Tran, K.P., Yang, H., Miller, J.H. Determination of antibiotic hypersensitivity among 4,000 single-gene-knockout mutants of Escherichia coli, J Bacteriol,2008,190,5981-5988.
Tanaka, M., Harafuji, H., Yamamoto, T. A gene and its product required for transposition of resistance transposon Tn2603.J Bacteriol,1982,151,723-728.
Tavakoli, N., Comanducci, A., Dodd, H.M., Lett, M.C., Albiger, B., Bennett, P. IS1294, a DNA element that transposes by RC transposition. Plasm id,2000,44,66-84.
Tian, G.B., Wang, H.N., Zou, L.K., Tang, J.N., Zhao, Y.W., Ye, M.Y., Tang, J.Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, A.Y., Yang, X., Xu, C.W., Fu, Y.J. Detection of CTX-M-15, CTX-M-22, and SHV-2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Escherichia coli fecal-sample isolates from pig farms in China. Foodborne Pathog Dis,2009,6,297-304.
Tian, S.F., Chu, Y.Z., Chen, B.Y., Nian, H., Shang, H. ISEcpl element in association with bla(CTX-M) genes of E. coli that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase among the elderly in community settings. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin,2011,29,731-734.
Toleman. M.A., Bennett, P.M., Walsh, T.R. Common regions e.g. orf513 and antibiotic resistance: IS91-like elements evolving complex class I integrons. J Antimicrob Chemother,2006,58, 1-6.
Tuckman, M., Petersen, P.J., Howe, A.Y., Orlowski, M., Mullen, S., Chan, K., Bradford, P.A.,Jones, C.H. Occurrence of tetracycline resistance genes among Escherichia coli isolates from the phase 3 clinical trials for tigecycline. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,3205-3211.
Versalovic,J., Koeuth,T., Lupski, J.R. Distribution of repetitive DNA sequences in eubacteria and application to fingerprinting of bacterial genomes. Nucleic Acids Res,1991,19,6823-6831.
Villa. L., Garcia-Fernandez,A., Fortini. D., Carattoli,A. Replicon sequence typing of IncF plasmids carrying virulence and resistance determinants. J Antimicrob Chemother,2010,65,2518-2529.
Wachino,J., Shibayama, K., Kurokawa, H., Kimura, K., Yamane. K., Suzuki, S., Shibata, N., Ike. Y., Arakawa, Y. Novel plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA mlAI408 methyltransferase, NpmA. found in a clinically isolated Escherichia coli strain resistant to structurally diverse aminoglycosides. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,4401-4409.
Wachino. J., Yamane. K., Kimura, K., Shibata, N.,Suzuki. S.,Ike, Y., Arakawa, Y. Mode of transposition and expression of 16S rRNA methyltransferase gene rmtC accompanied by ISEcpl. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2006a,50,3212-3215.
Wachino, J., Yamane, K., Shibayama, K., Kurokawa, H., Shibata, N., Suzuki, S., Doi, Y., Kimura, K., Ike, Y., Arakawa, Y. Novel plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase, RmtC, found in a proteus mirabilis isolate demonstrating extraordinary high-level resistance against various aminoglycosides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2006b,50,178-184.
Wang, M., Guo, Q., Xu. X., Wang, X., Ye, X., Wu, S., Hooper, D.C. New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53.1892-1897.
Watson, E., Jeckel, S., Snow, L., Stubbs, R., Teale, C., Wearing, H., Horton, R., Toszeghy, M., Tearne, O., Ellis-Iversen, J., Coldham, N. Epidemiology of extended spectrum beta-lactamase E. coli (CTX-M-15) on a commercial dairy farm. Vet Microbiol,2012,154,339-346.
Woodford, N., Ward, M.E., Kaufmann, M.E., Turton, J., Fagan, E.J., James, D., Johnson, A.P., Pike, R., Warner, M., Cheasty, T., Pearson, A., Harry, S., Leach, J.B., Loughrey, A., Lowes, J.A., Warren, R.E., Livermore, D.M. Community and hospital spread of Escherichia coli producing CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the UK. J Antimicrob Chemother,2004,54, 735-743.
Yamane, K., Wachino, J., Suzuki, S., Kimura, K., Shibata, N., Kato, H., Shibayama, K., Konda, T., Arakawa, Y. New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,3354-3360.
Yan, J.J., Wu, J.J., Ko, W.C., Tsai, S.H., Chuang, C.L., Wu, H.M., Lu, Y.J., Li, J.D. Plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylases conferring high-level aminoglycoside resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from two Taiwanese hospitals. J Antimicrob Chemother,2004, 54,1007-1012.
Yang, S., Clayton, S.R., Zechiedrich, E.L. Relative contributions of the AcrAB, MdfA and NorE efflux pumps to quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother,2003,51, 545-556.
Yao, Q., Zeng, Z., Hou, J., Deng, Y., He, L., Tian, W., Zheng, H., Chen, Z., Liu, J.H.Dissemination of the rmtB gene carried on IncF and IncN plasmids among Enterobacteriaceae in a pig farm and its environment. J Antimicrob Chemother,2011,66,2475-2479.
Yigit, H., Anderson, G.J., Biddle, J.W., Steward, C.D., Rasheed, J.K., Valera, L.L., McGowan, J.E., Jr., Tenover, F.C. Carbapenem resistance in a clinical isolate of Enterobacter aerogenes is associated with decreased expression of OmpF and OmpC porin analogs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2002,46,3817-3822.
Yokoyama, K., Doi, Y., Yamane, K., Kurokawa, H., Shibata, N., Shibayama, K., Yagi, T., Kato, H., Arakawa, Y. Acquisition of 16S rRNA methylase gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lancet, 2003,362,1888-1893.
Yong, D., Toleman, M.A., Giske, C.G., Cho, H.S., Sundman, K., Lee, K., Walsh, T.R. Characterization of a new metallo-beta-lactamase gene, bla(NDM-1), and a novel erythromycin esterase gene carried on a unique genetic structure in Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 14 from India. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,5046-5054.
Yu, F.Y., Yao, D., Pan, J.Y., Chen, C., Qin, Z.Q., Parsons, C., Yang, L.H., Li, Q.Q., Zhang, X.Q., Qu, D., Wang, L.X. High prevalence of plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase gene rmtB among Escherichia coli clinical isolates from a Chinese teaching hospital. BMC Infect Dis,2010,10, 184.
Yuan, L., Liu, J.H., Hu, G.Z., Pan, Y.S., Liu, Z.M., Mo, J., Wei, Y.J. Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from chickens in Henan Province, China. J Med Microbiol,2009,58,1449-1453.
Zhao, J., Chen, Z., Chen, S., Deng, Y., Liu, Y., Tian, W., Huang, X., Wu, C., Sun, Y., Zeng, Z., Liu, J.H. Prevalence and dissemination of oqxAB in Escherichia coli isolates from animals, farmworkers, and the environment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54,4219-4224.
Zheng, H., Zeng. Z., Chen, S., Liu, Y., Yao, Q., Deng, Y., Chen, X., Lv, L., Zhuo, C., Chen, Z., Liu, J.H. Prevalence and characterisation of CTX-M beta-lactamases amongst Escherichia coli isolates from healthy food animals in China. Int J Antimicrob Agents,2012,39,305-310.
Zhou, Y., Yu, H., Guo, Q., Xu, X., Ye, X., Wu, S., Guo, Y., Wang, M. Distribution of 16S rRNA methylases among different species of Gram-negative bacilli with high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis,2010,29,1349-1353.
Zong, Z., Partridge, S.R., Iredell, J.R. fSEcpl-mediated transposition and homologous recombination can explain the context of bla(CTX-M-62) linked to qnrB2. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54, 3039-3042.
下承东,李德生,汤纯香,邓林华,黄志,韩红应,张钰.大熊猫生殖道感染奇异变形杆菌一例[J].四川动物,2007,167.
江益民,龙塔,候玉泽,秦翠丽,王满仓,丁建山.鸡奇异变形杆菌病病原的分离与鉴定[J].河南农业科学,1990,31-33.
李少彤,孙风琪,曾德荣,许少洪,一起奇异变形杆菌引起食物中毒的病原学分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2002,620.
李永清,甘孟侯.禽大肠杆菌病防制研究进展.中国兽医学报[J],2000,414-416.
李玉红,邹全明.氨基糖苷类钝化酶耐药机制的研究进展.国外医学.药学分册[J],2005,]99-203.
段珍.夏平安,张风华,卢高峰.党占国,李伟娟.崔保安,狐狸奇异变形杆菌的分离与鉴定[J].中国兽医利学.2008,1050-1054.
胡传伟,贾赟资,简中友,袁文泽.水貂奇异变形杆菌的分离与鉴定.经济动物学报[J],2006,77-79.
徐艳,郭丽双,付英梅,张文莉,张凤民.细菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素的耐药机制[J].中国微生态学杂志,2008,191-193.
高崧,彭大新,文其乙,吴艳涛,甘军纪,焦新安,滕峰,刘文博,张如宽,刘秀梵.禽大肠杆菌病免疫保护机理的研究[J].畜牧曾医学报,2001.345-353.
刘晶,多丽波.染色体介导的AmpC酶研究进展.国际检验医学杂志[J],2006,641-643.
刘国璋,陈族武,李志雄,范春梅,周建华,温旺荣.奇异变形杆菌引发人猴腹泻暴发流行的调查研究[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1998,79-80.
刘坚龄,张艳丽.李龙玉,崔巧飞.一起由奇异变形杆菌引起的食物中毒的检验[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2009.2704+2721.
庞卓,夏晓潮,陈锋,王建荣.野生草食动物源奇异变形杆菌的耐药性分忻[J].野生动物,2010,249-251+253.
杨玲丽,陈杖榴.刘健华,曾振灵.马俊英,吴聪明.动物、环境及饲养员重耐药大肠杆菌的PFGE分型研究[J].中国农业科学,2006,2597-2602.
许海峰.雏鸡奇异变形杆菌病的诊断[J].中国畜禽传染病.1997,46-48.
湛南辉,邓舜洲,郭松林,朱芝秀,张锦华,李彦萍,谌澄光.珍禽源奇异变形杆菌分离株微生物学特征研究[J].中国预防兽医学报,1999,2-5.
邓运龙,张咏梅,苗红旗.一起奇异变形杆菌引起的食物中毒[J].解放军预防医学杂志,1997,68.
陈武.鹿科动物奇异变形杆菌病的诊治[J].中国兽医杂志.2002,28-29.
Aeschlimann, J.R. The role of multidrug efflux pumps in the antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative bacteria. Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy,2003.23,916-924.
Ambler, R.P., Coulson, A.F., Frere, J.M., Ghuysen, J.M., Joris, B., Forsman, M., Levesque, R.C., Tiraby, G.,Waley, S.G. A standard numbering scheme for the class A beta-lactamases. Biochem J,1991,276 (Pt 1),269-270.
Bahrani, F.K., Johnson, D.E., Robbins, D., Mobley, H.L. Proteus mirabilis flagella and MR/P fimbriae: isolation, purification, N-terminal analysis, and serum antibody response following experimental urinary tract infection. Infect Immun,1991,59,3574-3580.
Batchelor, E., Walthers, D., Kenney, L.J., Goulian, M. The Escherichia coli CpxA-CpxR envelope stress response system regulates expression of the porins ompF and ompC. J Bacteriol,2005, 187,5723-5731.
Bennett, P.M. Integrons and gene cassettes:a genetic construction kit for bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother,1999,43,1-4.
Bercot, B., Poirel, L., Nordmann, P. Plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylases among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52,4526-4527.
Bercot, B., Poirel, L., Silva-Sanchez, J., Nordmann, P. Association of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene blaTLA-1 with a novel ISCR element, ISCR20,Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54,4026-4028.
Bisgaard, M., Dam, A. Salpingitis in poultry. I. Prevalence, bacteriology and possible pathogenesis in broilers. Nard Vet Med,1980,32,361-368.
Blanco, M., Alonso, M.P., Nicolas-Chanoine, M.H., Dahbi, C., Mora, A., Blanco, J.E., Lopez, C. Cortes, P., Llagostera, M., Leflon-Guibout, V., Puentes, B., Mamani, R., Herrera, A., Coira, M.A., Garcia-Garrote, F., Pita, J.M., Blanco, J. Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum{beta}-lactamases in Lugo (Spain):dissemination of clone O25b:H4-ST131 producing CTX-M-15. J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,63,1135-1141.
Bogaerts, P., Galimand, M., Bauraing, C., Deplano, A., Vanhoof, R., De Mendonca, R., Rodriguez-Villalobos, H., Struelens, M., Glupczynski, Y. Emergence of ArmA and RmtB aminoglycoside resistance 16S rRNA methylases in Belgium. J Antimicrob Chemother,2007, 59,459-464.
Bohnert, J.A.,Kern, W.V. Selected arylpiperazines are capable of reversing multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli overexpressing RND efflux pumps. Anticrob Agents Chemother,2005,49, 849-852.
Bohnert, J.A., Schuster, S., Seeger, M.A., Fahnrich, E., Pos, K.M., Kern, W.V. Site-directed mutagenesis reveals putative substrate binding residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB.J Bacteriol,2008,190,8225-8229.
Bradford, P.A. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the 21st century:characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clin Microbiol Rev,2001,14,933-951,table of contents.
Bratu, S., Landman, D., Martin, D.A., Georgescu, C., Quale, J. Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52, 2999-3005.
Bressler, A.M.. Williams, T., Culler, E.E., Zhu, W., Lonsway, D., Patel, J.B., Nolte, F.S. Correlation of penicillin Binding protein 2a detection with oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and discovery of a novel penicillin binding protein 2a mutation. J Clin Microbiol,2005,43, 4541-4544.
Briaux-Gerbaud, S., Gerbaud, G., Jaffe-Brachet, A. Transposition of a tetracycline-resistance determinant (Tn 1523) and cointegration events mediated by the plP231 plasm id in Escherichia coli. Gene,1981,15,139-149.
Bush, K., Jacoby, G.A., Medeiros, A.A. A functional classification scheme for beta-lactamases and its correlation with molecular structure. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,1995,39,1211-1233.
Carattoli, A., Bertini, A., Villa, L., Falbo, V., Hopkins, K.L., Threlfall, E.J. Identification of plasmids by PCR-based replicon typing. J Microbiol Methods,2005,63,219-228.
Cattoir, V., "Nordmann, P.,Silva-Sanchez, J., Espinal, P., Poirel, L. ISEcpl-mediated transposition of qnrB-like gene in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52,2929-2932.
Cavaco, L.M., Hasman, H., Xia, S., Aarestrup, F.M. qnrD, a novel gene conferring transferable quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky and Bovismorbiflcans strains of human origin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,603-608.
Chantratita, N., Rholl, D.A., Sim, B., Wuthiekanun, V., Limmathurotsakul, D., Amornchai, P., Thanwisai, A., Chua, H.H., Ooi, W.F., Holden, M.T., Day, N.P., Tan, P., Schweizer, H.P., Peacock, S.J. Antimicrobial resistance to ceftazidime involving loss of penicillin-binding protein 3 in Burkholderia pseudomallei. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2011,108,17165-17170.
Chen, Y.G., Qu, T.T., Yu, Y.S., Zhou, J.Y., Li, L.J. Insertion sequence ISEcp I-like element connected with a novel aph(2") allele [aph(2")-le] conferring high-level gentamicin resistance and a novel streptomycin adenylyltransferase gene in Enterococcus. J Mad Microbiol,2006,55, 1521-1525.
Chen, Y.T., Liao, T.L., Liu, Y.M., Lauderdale, T.L., Yan, J.J., Tsai, S.F. Mobilization of qnrB2 and ISCR1 in plasmids. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,1235-1237.
Clermont, O., Bonacorsi, S., Bingen, E. Rapid and simple determination of the Escherichia coli phylogenetic group. Appl Environ Microbiol,2000,66,4555-4558.
Clermont, O., Dhanji, H,, Upton, M., Gibreel, T., Fox, A., Boyd, D., Mulvey, M.R., Nordmann, P., Ruppe, E., Sarthou, J.L., Frank, T., Vimont, S., Arlet, G., Branger, C., Woodford, N., Denamur, E. Rapid detection of the O25b-ST131 clone of Escherichia coli encompassing the CTX-M-15-producing strains.J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,64,274-277.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing:Twentieth Informational Supplement M100-S20.2010, CLSI, Wayne, PA.
Collis, C.M., Grammaticopoulos, G., Briton, J.,Stokes, H.W., Hall, R.M. Site-specific insertion of gene cassettes into integrons. Mol Microbiol,1993,9,41-52.
Cullik, A., Pfeifer, Y., Prager, R., von Baum, H., Witte, W. A novel IS26 structure surrounds blaCTX-M genes in different plasmids from German clinical Escherichia coli isolates. J Mud Microbiol 2010,59,580-587.
Curiao, T., Canton, R., Garcillan-Barcia, M.P., de la Cruz, F., Baquero, F., Coque, T.M. Association of composite IS26-sul3 elements with highly transmissible Incll plasmids in extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli clones from humans. Aniimicrob Agents Chemother,2011,55,2451-2457.
Damjanova, I., Toth, A., Paszti, J., Hajbel-Vekony, G., Jakab, M., Berta, J., Milch, H., Fuzi, M. Expansion and countrywide dissemination of ST11, ST15 and STI47 ciprofloxacin-resistant CTX-M-15-type beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae epidemic clones in Hungary in 2005-the new'MRSAs'? J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,62,978-985.
Davis, M.A., Baker, K.N., Orfe, L.H., Shah, D.H., Besser, T.E., Call, D.R. Discovery of a gene conferring multiple-aminoglycoside resistance in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54,2666-2669.
Dawes, F.E., Kuzevski, A., Bettelheim, K.A., Hornitzky, M.A., Djordjevic, S.P., Walker, M.J. Distribution of class I integrons with IS26-mediated deletions in their 3'-conserved segments in Escherichia coli of human and animal origin. PLoS One,2010,5, e12754.
del Pilar Garcillan-Barcia, M, Bernales, I., Mendiola, M.V., de la Cruz, F. Single-stranded DNA intermediates in IS91 rolling-circle transposition. Mol Microbiol,2001,39,494-501.
del Solar, G., Giraldo, R., Ruiz-Echevarria, M.J., Espinosa, M., Diaz-Orejas, R. Replication and control of circular bacterial plasmids. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev,1998,62,434-464.
Deng, Y, Zeng, Z., Chen, S., He, L., Liu, Y., Wu, C., Chen, Z.(Yao, Q., Hou, J., Yang, T., Liu, J.H. Dissemination of IncFⅡ plasmids carrying rmtB and qepA in Escherichia coli from pigs, farm workers and the environment, Clin Microbiol Infect,2011,17,1740-1745.
Dhanji, H., Doumith, M., Rooney, P.J., O'Leary, M.C., Loughrey, A.C., Hope, R., Woodford, N., Livermore, D.M. Molecular epidemiology of fluoroquinolone-resistant ST131 Escherichia coli producing CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in nursing homes in Belfast, UK. J Antimicrob Chemother,2011,66,297-303.
Doi, Y., Adams-Haduch, J.M., Paterson, D.L. Escherichia coli isolate coproducing 16S rRNA Methylase and CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase isolated from an outpatient in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52,1204-1205.
Doi, Y., de Oliveira Garcia, D., Adams, J., Paterson, D.L. Coproduction of novel 16S rRNA methylase RmtD and metallo-beta-lactamase SPM-1 in a panresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate from Brazil. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,852-856.
Doi, Y., Yokoyama, K., Yamane, K., Wachino, J., Shibata, N., Yagi, T., Shibayama, K., Kato, H., Arakawa, Y. Plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase in Serratia marcescens conferring high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2004,48,491-496.
Du, X.D., Wu, C.M., Liu, H.B., Li, X.S., Beier, R.C.. Xiao, F., Qin, S.S., Huang, S.Y., Shen, J.Z. Plasmid-mediated ArmA and RmtB 16S rRNA methylases in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens. J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,64,1328-1330.
Eckert, C, Gamier, V., Arlet. G. DNA sequence analysis of the genetic environment of various blaCTX-M genes. J Antimicrob Chemother,2006,57,14-23.
Elkins. C.A., Nikaido. H. Substrate specificity of the RND-type multidrug efflux pumps AcrB and AcrD of Escherichia coli is determined predominantly by two large periplasmic loops.J Bacteriol,2002.184,6490-6498.
Ender. P.T., Gajanana,D., Johnston, B., Clabots. C., Tamarkin, F.J., Johnson, J.R. Transmission of an extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (sequence type SX131) strain between a father and daughter resulting in septic shock and Emphysematous pyelonephritis../ Clin Microbiol,2009,47,3780-3782.
Galimand, M., Courvalin, P., Lambert, T. Plasmid-mediated high-level resistance to aminoglycosides in Enterobacteriaceae due to 16S rRNA methylation. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2003.47, 2565-2571.
Garcia-Fernandez,A., Chiaretto, G., Bertini, A.,Villa, L., Fortini, D., Ricci, A., Carattoli, A. Multilocus sequence typing of Incll plasmids carrying extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli and Salmonella of human and animal origin. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008, 61,1229-1233.
Garcillan-Barcia, M.P., de la Cruz, F. Distribution of IS91 family insertion sequences in bacterial genomes:evolutionary implications. FEMS Microbiol Ecol,2002,42,303-313.
Golebiewski, M., Kern-Zdanowicz, I., Zienkiewicz, M., Adamczyk, M., Zylinska, J., Baraniak, A., Gniadkowski, M., Bardowski, J., Ceglowski, P. Complete nucleotide sequence of the pCTX-M3 plasmid and its involvement in spread of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene blaCTX-M-3. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,3789-3795.
Gonullu, N., Aktas, Z., Kayacan, C.B., Salcioglu, M., Carattoli, A., Yong, D.E., Walsh, T.R. Dissemination of CTX-M-15 beta-lactamase genes carried on Inc FI and FII plasmids among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in a university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. J Clin Microbiol,2008,46,1110-1112.
Gonzalez-Zorn, B., Catalan, A., Escudero, J.A., Dominguez, L., Teshager, T., Porrero, C., Moreno, MA. Genetic basis for dissemination of armA. J Antimicrob Chemother,2005,56,583-585.
Guardabassi, L., Schwarz, S., Lloyd, D.H. Pet animals as reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother,2004,54,321-332.
Guillard, T., Cambau, E., Neuwirth, C., Nenninger, T., Mbadi, A., Brasme, L., Vernet-Garnier, V., Bajolet, O., de Champs, C. Description of a 2,683-base-pair plasmid containing qnrD in two Providencia rettgeri isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2012,56,565-568.
Hall, R.M. Mobile gene cassettes and integrons:moving antibiotic resistance genes in gram-negative bacteria. Ciba Found Symp,1997,207,192-202; discussion 202-195.
Hall, R.M., Brookes, D.E., Stokes, H.W. Site-specific insertion of genes into integrons:role of the 59-base element and determination of the recombination cross-over point. Mol Microbiol, 1991,5,1941-1959.
Hata, M., Suzuki, M., Matsumoto, M., Takahashi, M., Sato, K., Ibe, S., Sakae, K. Cloning of a novel gene for quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2005,49,801-803.
Helaly, G.F., Abou Shleib, H., Fanaki, N.H., Abdel Kader, O., Ali, G.H. Potential Co-prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinant qepA and 16S rRNA Methylase rmtB among E.coli Clinical Isolates from Alexandria-Egypt. J Egypt Public Health Assoc,2010,85, 247-272.
Ho. P.L.,Lo, W.U., Wong, R.C., Yeung, M.K., Chow, K.H., Que, T.L., Tong, A.H., Bao, J.Y., Lok. S., Wong, S.S. Complete sequencing of the Fll plasmid pHK01, encoding CTX-M-14. and molecular analysis of its variants among Escherichia coli from Hong Kong.J Antimicrob Chemother,2011a,66,752-756.
Ho, P.L., Lo. W.U., Yeung, M.K., Lin, C.H., Chow, K.H., Ang, I., Tong, A.H., Bao, J.Y., Lok, S., Lo, J.Y. Complete sequencing of pNDM-HK encoding NDM-I carbapenemase from a multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strain isolated in Hong Kong. PLoS One,2011b,6, e17989.
Hopkins, K.L., Liebana, E., Villa, L., Batchelor, M., Threlfall, E.J., Carattoli, A. Replicon typing of plasmids carrying CTX-M or CMY beta-lactamases circulating among Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2006,50,3203-3206.
Hordijk, J., Bosnian, A.B., van Essen-Zandbergen, A., Veldman, K., Dierikx, C., Wagenaar, J.A., Mevius, D. qnrB 19 gene bracketed by IS26 on a 40-kilobase IncR plasmid from an Escherichia coli isolate from a veal calf. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2011,55,453-454.
Hou,J.,Huang, X., Deng, Y., He, L., Yang, T., Zeng, Z., Chen, Z., Liu, J.H. Dissemination of the Fosfomycin Resistance Gene fosA3 with CTX-M beta-Lactamase Genes and rmtB Carried on IncFII Plasmids among Escherichia coli Isolates from Pets in China. Amimicroh Agents Chemother,2012,56,2135-2138.
Hulton, C.S., Higgins, C.F., Sharp, P.M. ERIC sequences:a novel family of repetitive elements in the genomes of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and other enterobacteria. Mol Microbiol, 1991,5,825-834.
Jacoby, G.A. Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones. Clin Infect Dis,2005,41 Suppl 2, S120-126.
Jacoby, G.A., Walsh, K.E., Mills, D.M., Walker, V.J., Oh, H., Robicsek, A., Hooper, D.C. qnrB, another plasmid-mediated gene for quinolone resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2006, 50,1178-1182.
Jeoung, O.Y., Jang, S.J., Li, X.M., Park, G., Yong, D.E., Kang, J.O., Koo, S.H., Kim, W.Y., Kim, E.C., Park, Y.J., Song, W.K., Shin, J.H., Ahn, J.Y., Uh, Y., Lee, K.W., Lee, S.H., Lee, W.G., Lee, H.S., Choi, T.Y., Cho, J.H., Jeong, S.H., Hong, S.G., Lee, J., Kim, D.M., Chang, C.L., Shin, S.H., Moon, D.S. Prevalence and spread of integron-IS26 in imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in South Korea. Int J Antimicrob Agents,2009,34,612-614.
Johnson, J.R., Miller, S., Johnston, B., Clabots, C., Debroy, C. Sharing of Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 and other multidrug-resistant and Urovirulent E. coli strains among dogs and cats within a household. J Clin Microbiol,2009,47,3721-3725.
Kang, H.Y., Kim, J., Seol, S.Y., Lee, Y.C., Lee, J.C., Cho, D.T. Characterization of conjugative plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance genes encoding 16S rRNA methylase, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and/or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase.J Microbiol,2009,47,68-75.
Karim, A.,Poirel, L., Nagarajan, S., Nordmann, P. Plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (CTX-M-3 like) from India and gene association with insertion sequence ISEcpl. FEMS Microbiol Lett,2001,201,237-241.
Kim, E.H., Aoki, T. The transposon-like structure of IS26-tetracycline, and kanamycin resistance determinant derived from transferable R plasmid of fish pathogen,Pasteurella piscicida. Microbiol Immunol,1994,38,31-38.
Kim, E.H., Nies, D.H., McEvoy, M.M., Reusing, C. Switch or funnel:how RND-type transport systems control periplasmic metal homeostasis. J Bacterial,2011,193,2381-2387.
Kliebe, C., Nies, B.A., Meyer, J.F., Tolxdorff-Neutzling, R.M., Wiedemann, B. Evolution of plasmid-coded resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother, 1985,28,302-307.
Koronakis, V., Sharff. A., Koronakis, E., Luisi, B.,Hughes, C. Crystal structure of the bacterial membrane protein TolC central to multidrug efflux and protein export. Nature,2000,405, 914-919.
Lartigue, M.F., Zinsius, C., Wenger, A., Bille. J., Poirel, L., Nordmann, P. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases of the CTX-M type now in Switzerland. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007, 51,2855-2860.
Lau, S.H., Kaufmann, M.E., Livermore, D.M., Woodford, N., Willshaw, G.A., Cheasty, T., Stamper, K., Reddy, S., Cheesbrough, J., Bolton, F.J., Fox, A.J., Upton, M. UK epidemic Escherichia coli strains A-E, with CTX-M-15 beta-lactamase, all belong to the international O25:H4-ST131 clone. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,62,1241-1244.
Lavilla, S., Gonzalez-Lopez, J.J., Miro, E., Dominguez, A., Llagostera, M., Bartolome, R.M., Mirelis, B., Navarro, F., Prats, G. Dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria:the food-borne outbreak lesson. J Anlimicrob Chemother,2008,61,1244-1251.
Lee, S.G., Jeong, S.H., Lee, H., Kim, C.K., Lee, Y., Koh, E., Chong, Y., Lee, K. Spread of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from a Korean hospital. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis,2009,63, 76-80.
Leflon-Guibout, V., Blanco, J., Amaqdouf, K., Mora, A., Guize, L., Nicolas-Chanoine, M.H. Absence of CTX-M enzymes but high prevalence of clones, including clone ST131, among fecal Escherichia coli isolates from healthy subjects living in the area of Paris, France.J Clin Microbiol,2008,46,3900-3905.
Levy, S.B. The challenge of antibiotic resistance. Sci Am,1998,278,46-53.
Levy, S.B., Marshall, B. Antibacterial resistance worldwide:causes, challenges and responses. Nat Med, 2004,10, S122-129.
Li, D.X., Zhang, S.M., Hu, G.Z., Wang, Y., Liu, H.B., Wu, CM., Shang, Y.H., Chen, Y.X., Du, X.D. Tn3-associated rmtB together with qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr and bla CTX-M-15 are co-located on an F49:A-:B-plasmid in an Escherichia coli ST10 strain in China. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2012,67,236-238.
Li, H., Walsh, T.R., Toleman, M.A. Molecular analysis of the sequences surrounding blaOXA-45 reveals acquisition of this gene by Pseudomonas aeruginosa via a novel ISCR element, ISCR5. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,1248-1251.
Li, J., Ma, Y., Hu, C., Jin, S., Zhang, Q., Ding, H., Ran, L., Cui, S. Dissemination of cefotaxime-M-producing Escherichia coli isolates in poultry farms, but not swine farms, in China. Foodborne Pathog Dis,2010a,7,1387-1392.
Li, W.K., Jiang, H., Huang, Y.F., Wan, X.Q. [Transforming of the drug resistance plasmid from Staphylococcus aureus into Escherichia coli]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao,2010b,30, 2482-2484.
Liu, J.H., Deng, Y.T., Zeng, Z.L., Gao, J.H., Chen, L., Arakawa, Y., Chen, Z.L. Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2008,52,2992-2993.
Liu, J.H.. Wei, S.Y., Ma, J.Y., Zeng, Z.L.. Lu. D.H., Yang, G.X., Chen. Z.L. Detection and characterisation of CTX-M and CMY-2 beta-lactamases among Escherichia coli isolates from farm animals in Guangdong Province of China.Int J Aniimicrob Agents,2007,29,576-581.
Liu, W., Chen, L., Li, H., Duan, H., Zhang, Y., Liang, X., Li, X., Zou, M., Xu, L., Hawkey, P.M. Novel CTX-M {beta}-lactamase genotype distribution and spread into multiple species of Enterobacteriaceae in Changsha,Southern China. J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,63,895-900.
Lupski, J.R. Molecular mechanisms for transposition of drug-resistance genes and other movable genetic elements. Rev Infect Dis.1987,9,357-368.
Magesh, H., Kamatchi, C., Vaidyanathan, R., Sumathi, G. Identification of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnrAI, qnrB1 and aac(6')-1b-cr in a multiple drug-resistant isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Chennai. Indian J Med Microbiol,2011,29,262-268.
Mahamoud, A., Chevalier, J., Alibert-Franco, S., Kern, W.V., Pages, J.M. Antibiotic efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria:the inhibitor response strategy. J Antimicrob Chemother,2007,59, 1223-1229.
Maiden, M.C., Bygraves, J.A., Feil, E., Morelli, G., Russell, J.E., Urwin, R., Zhang, Q., Zhou, J., Zurth, K., Caugant, D.A., Feavers, I.M., Achtman, M., Spratt, B.G. Multilocus sequence typing:a portable approach to the identification of clones within populations of pathogenic microorganisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,1998,95,3140-3145.
Mandic, A., Ostojic, N. [The role and importance of plasmid resistance in certain pathogenic enterobacteria], Med Pregl,1995,48,437-440.
Martinez-Martinez, L., Pascual, A., Jacoby, G.A. Quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid. Lancet,1998,351,797-799.
Mayer, L.W. Use of plasmid profiles in epidemiologic surveillance of disease outbreaks and in tracing the transmission of antibiotic resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev,1988,1,228-243.
Meka, V.G., Gold, H.S. Antimicrobial resistance to linezolid. Clin Infect Dis,2004,39,1010-1015.
Mendiola, M.V., Bernales, I., de la Cruz, F. Differential roles of the transposon termini in IS91 transposition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,1994,91,1922-1926.
Mendiola, M.V., Jubete, Y., de la Cruz, F. DNA sequence of IS91 and identification of the transposase gene. J Bacteriol,1992,174,1345-1351.
Miranda, J.M., Vazquez, B.I., Fente, C.A., Barros-Velazquez, J., Cepeda, A., Franco, C.M. Evolution of resistance in poultry intestinal Escherichia coli during three commonly used antimicrobial therapeutic treatments in poultry. Poult Sci,2008,87,1643-1648.
Miriagou, V., Carattoli, A., Tzelepi, E., Villa, L., Tzouvelekis, L.S. IS26-associated In4-type integrons forming multiresistance loci in enterobacterial plasm ids. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2005, 49,3541-3543.
Mobley, H.L., Hausinger, R.P. Microbial ureases:significance, regulation, and molecular characterization. Microbiol Rev,1989,53,85-108.
Moellering, R.C., Jr. NDM-1--a cause for worldwide concern. N Engl J Med,2010,363,2377-2379.
Mollet, B., lida, S., Shepherd, J., Arber, W. Nucleotide sequence of 1S26, a new prokaryotic mobile genetic element. Nucleic Acids Res,1983,11,6319-6330.
Montesinos, I., Rodriguez-Villalobos, H., De Mendonca, R., Bogaerts, P., Deplano. A., Glupczynski, Y. Molecular characterization of plasmids encoding CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase associated with the ST131 Escherichia coli clone in Belgium. J Antimicrob Chemother,2010,65,1828-1830.
Munday, C.J., Boyd, D.A., Brenwald, N., Miller, M., Andrews, J.M., Wise, R., Mulvey, M.R., Hawkey, P.M. Molecular and kinetic comparison of the novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamases CTX-M-25 and CTX-M-26. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2004,48,4829-4834.
Nakano, R., Okamoto, R., Nagano, N., Inoue, M. Resistance to gram-negative organisms due to high-level expression of plasmid-encoded ampC beta-lactamase blaCMY-4 promoted by insertion sequence ISEcpl.J Infect Chemother,2007,13,18-23.
Nikaido, H. Porins and specific diffusion channels in bacterial outer membranes.J Biol Chem,1994, 269,3905-3908.
Olliver, A., Valle, M., Chaslus-Dancla, E., Cloeckaert, A. Overexpression of the multidrug efflux operon acrEF by insertional activation with IS1 or IS10 elements in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium DT204 acrB mutants selected with fluoroquinolones. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2005,49,289-301.
Oteo, J., Orden, B., Bautista, V., Cuevas, O., Arroyo, M., Martinez-Ruiz, R., Perez-Vazquez, M., Alcaraz, M., Garcia-Cobos, S., Campos, J. CTX-M-15-producing urinary Escherichia coli O25b-ST131-phylogroup B2 has acquired resistance to fosfomycin. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2009,64,712-717.
Pagani, L., Dell'Amico, E., Migliavacca, R., D'Andrea, M.M., Giacobone, E., Amicosante, G., Romero, E., Rossolini, G.M. Multiple CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in nosocomial isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from a hospital in northern Italy. J Clin Microbiol,2003,41, 4264-4269.
Partridge, S.R. Genetic environment of ISEcp1 and blaACC-1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51, 2658-2659; author reply 2659.
Partridge, S.R., Zong, Z., Iredell, J.R. Recombination in IS26 and Tn2 in the evolution of multiresistance regions carrying blaCTX-M-15 on conjugative IncF plasmids from Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2011,55,4971-4978.
Pedro, L., Banos, R.C., Aznar, S., Madrid, C., Balsalobre, C., Juarez, A. Antibiotics shaping bacterial genome:deletion of an IS91 flanked virulence determinant upon exposure to subinhibitory antibiotic concentrations. PLoS One,2011,6, e27606.
Perichon, B., Courvalin, P., Galimand, M. Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,2464-2469.
Phillips, I., Casewell, M., Cox, T., De Groot, B., Friis, C., Jones, R., Nightingale, C., Preston, R., Waddell, J. Does the use of antibiotics in food animals pose a risk to human health? A critical review of published data. J Antimicrob Chemother,2004,53,28-52.
Piddock, L.J. Clinically relevant chromosomally encoded multidrug resistance efflux pumps in bacteria. Clin Microhiol Rev,2006,19,382-402.
Pitout, J.D., Gregson, D.B., Campbell, L., Laupland, K.B. Molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates causing bacteremia in the Calgary Health Region from 2000 to 2007:emergence of clone ST131 as a cause of community-acquired infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,2846-2851.
Pitout, J.D., Wei, Y., Church, D.L., Gregson, D.B. Surveillance for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Enterobacteriaceae within the Calgary Health Region, Canada:the emergence of aac(6')-1b-cr. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,61,999-1002.
Poirel, L., Lagrutta, E., Taylor, P., Pham, J., Nordmann, P. Emergence of metallo-beta-lactamase NDM-1-producing multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in Australia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010.54,4914-4916.
Poirel,L., Lartigue, M.F., Decousser, J.W., Nordmann, P. ISEcpIB-mediated transposition of blaCTX-M in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2005,49,447-450.
Pomba, C, da Fonseca, J.D., Baptista, B.C., Correia, J.D., Martinez-Martinez, L. Detection of the pandemic O25-ST131 human virulent Escherichia coli CTX-M-15-producing clone harboring the qnrB2 and aac(6')-1b-cr genes in a dog. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,327-328.
Poole, K. Efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother,2005,56,20-51.
Qu, T.T., Yang, Q., Shen, P., Wet, Z.Q., Yu, Y.S. Novel Vancoinycin-Resistance Transposon, Plasmid Replicon Types, and Virulence Factors of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Zhejiang, China. Microh Drug Resist,2012.
Robicsek, A., Strahilevitz, J., Jacoby, G.A., Macielag, M., Abbanat, D., Park, C.H., Bush, K., Hooper, D.C. Fluoroquinolone-modifying enzyme:a new adaptation of a common aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. Nat Med,2006,12,83-88.
Rocha-Gracia, R., Ruiz, E., Romero-Romero, S., Lozano-Zarain, P., Somalo, S., Palacios-Hernandez, J.M., Caballero-Torres, P., Torres, C. Detection of the plasmid-borne quinolone resistance determinant qepAl in a CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli strain from Mexico. J Antimicrob Chemother,2010,65,169-171.
Rossolini, G.M., D'Andrea, M.M., Mugnaioli, C. The spread of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Clin Microbiol Infect,2008,14 Suppl1,33-41.
Rudneva, S.N., Stoliarova, L.G., Ershov, A.A., Pantiukhova, V.V. [Spread and transfer of plasmid resistance in Escherichia coli]. Antibiotiki,1980,25,429-432.
Ruiz, J. Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones:target alterations, decreased accumulation and DNA gyrase protection. J Antimicrob Chemother,2003,51,1109-1117.
Saladin, M., Cao, V.T., Lambert, T., Donay, J.L., Herrmann, J.L., Ould-Hocine, Z., Verdet, C., Delisle, F., Philippon, A., Arlet, G. Diversity of CTX-M beta-lactamases and their promoter regions from Enterobacteriaceae isolated in three Parisian hospitals. FEMS Microbiol Lett,2002,209, 161-168.
Schleinitz, K.M., Vallaeys, T., Kleinsteuber, S. Structural characterization of 1SCR8,1SCR22, and ISCR23, subgroups of IS91-like insertion elements. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54, 4321-4328.
Sechi, L.A., Zanetti, S., Dupre,1., Delogu, C., Fadda, G. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences as molecular targets for typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. J Clin Microbiol,1998,36,128-132.
Seeger, M.A., Schiefner, A., Eicher, T., Verrey, F., Diederichs, K., Pos, K.M. Structural asymmetry of AcrB trimer suggests a peristaltic pump mechanism. Science,2006,313,1295-1298.
Sharples, G.J., Lloyd, R.G. A novel repeated DNA sequence located in the intergenic regions of bacterial chromosomes. Nucleic Acids Res,1990,18,6503-6508.
Shlaes, D.M., Currie-McCumber, C. Dissemination of a plasmid determining multiple antibiotic resistance between two Veterans Administration Medical Centers. Infect Control,1986,7, 362-364.
Skaare, D., Allum, A.G., Anthonisen, I.L., Jenkins, A., Lia, A., Strand, L., Tveten,Y., Kristiansen, B.E. Mutant ftsl genes in the emergence of penicillin-binding protein-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Haemophilus influenzae in Norway. Clin Microbiol Infect,2010,16, 1117-1124.
Smet, A., Martel, A., Persoons, D., Dewulf, J., Heyndrickx, M., Cloeckaert, A., Praud,K.,Claeys, G., Catry, B., Herman, L., Haesebrouck, F., Butaye, P. Comparative analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-carrying plasmids from different members of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry, pigs and humans:evidence for a shared [beta}-lactam resistance gene pool? J Antimicrob Chemother,2009,63,1286-1288.
Stokes, H.W., Hall, R.M. A novel family of potentially mobile DNA elements encoding site-specific gene-integration functions:integrons. Mol Microbiol,1989,3,1669-1683.
Su, Z., Dai, X., Chen, J., Kong, F., Wang, H., Li, Y., Peng, S., Wang, S., Shao, Q., Lv, L., Xu, H. The bla(CTX-M-1) gene located in a novel complex class I integron bearing an ISCRI element in Escherichia coli isolates from Zhenjiang, China. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,62, 1150-1151.
Sun, Y., Zeng, Z., Chen, S., Ma, J., He, L., Liu, Y., Deng, Y., Lei, T., Zhao, J., Liu, J.H. High prevalence of bla(CTX-M) extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Escherichia coli isolates from pets and emergence of CTX-M-64 in China. Clin Microbiol Infect,2010,16, 1475-1481.
Svara, F., Rankin, D.J. The evolution of plasmid-carried antibiotic resistance. BMC Evol Biol,2011, II, 130.
Szabo, D., Kocsis, B., Rokusz, L., Szentandrassy, J., Katona, K., Kristof, K., Nagy, K. First detection of plasmid-mediated, quinolone resistance determinants qnrA, qnrB, qnrS and aac(6')-Ib-cr in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Budapest, Hungary. J Antimicrob Chemother,2008,62,630-632.
Tamae, C, Liu, A., Kim, K., Sitz, D., Hong, J., Becket, E., Bui, A., Solaimani, P., Tran, K.P., Yang, H., Miller, J.H. Determination of antibiotic hypersensitivity among 4,000 single-gene-knockout mutants of Escherichia coli, J Bacteriol,2008,190,5981-5988.
Tanaka, M., Harafuji, H., Yamamoto, T. A gene and its product required for transposition of resistance transposon Tn2603.J Bacteriol,1982,151,723-728.
Tavakoli, N., Comanducci, A., Dodd, H.M., Lett, M.C., Albiger, B., Bennett, P. IS1294, a DNA element that transposes by RC transposition. Plasm id,2000,44,66-84.
Tian, G.B., Wang, H.N., Zou, L.K., Tang, J.N., Zhao, Y.W., Ye, M.Y., Tang, J.Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, A.Y., Yang, X., Xu, C.W., Fu, Y.J. Detection of CTX-M-15, CTX-M-22, and SHV-2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Escherichia coli fecal-sample isolates from pig farms in China. Foodborne Pathog Dis,2009,6,297-304.
Tian, S.F., Chu, Y.Z., Chen, B.Y., Nian, H., Shang, H. ISEcpl element in association with bla(CTX-M) genes of E. coli that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase among the elderly in community settings. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin,2011,29,731-734.
Toleman. M.A., Bennett, P.M., Walsh, T.R. Common regions e.g. orf513 and antibiotic resistance: IS91-like elements evolving complex class I integrons. J Antimicrob Chemother,2006,58, 1-6.
Tuckman, M., Petersen, P.J., Howe, A.Y., Orlowski, M., Mullen, S., Chan, K., Bradford, P.A.,Jones, C.H. Occurrence of tetracycline resistance genes among Escherichia coli isolates from the phase 3 clinical trials for tigecycline. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,3205-3211.
Versalovic,J., Koeuth,T., Lupski, J.R. Distribution of repetitive DNA sequences in eubacteria and application to fingerprinting of bacterial genomes. Nucleic Acids Res,1991,19,6823-6831.
Villa. L., Garcia-Fernandez,A., Fortini. D., Carattoli,A. Replicon sequence typing of IncF plasmids carrying virulence and resistance determinants. J Antimicrob Chemother,2010,65,2518-2529.
Wachino,J., Shibayama, K., Kurokawa, H., Kimura, K., Yamane. K., Suzuki, S., Shibata, N., Ike. Y., Arakawa, Y. Novel plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA mlAI408 methyltransferase, NpmA. found in a clinically isolated Escherichia coli strain resistant to structurally diverse aminoglycosides. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,4401-4409.
Wachino. J., Yamane. K., Kimura, K., Shibata, N.,Suzuki. S.,Ike, Y., Arakawa, Y. Mode of transposition and expression of 16S rRNA methyltransferase gene rmtC accompanied by ISEcpl. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2006a,50,3212-3215.
Wachino, J., Yamane, K., Shibayama, K., Kurokawa, H., Shibata, N., Suzuki, S., Doi, Y., Kimura, K., Ike, Y., Arakawa, Y. Novel plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase, RmtC, found in a proteus mirabilis isolate demonstrating extraordinary high-level resistance against various aminoglycosides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2006b,50,178-184.
Wang, M., Guo, Q., Xu. X., Wang, X., Ye, X., Wu, S., Hooper, D.C. New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53.1892-1897.
Watson, E., Jeckel, S., Snow, L., Stubbs, R., Teale, C., Wearing, H., Horton, R., Toszeghy, M., Tearne, O., Ellis-Iversen, J., Coldham, N. Epidemiology of extended spectrum beta-lactamase E. coli (CTX-M-15) on a commercial dairy farm. Vet Microbiol,2012,154,339-346.
Woodford, N., Ward, M.E., Kaufmann, M.E., Turton, J., Fagan, E.J., James, D., Johnson, A.P., Pike, R., Warner, M., Cheasty, T., Pearson, A., Harry, S., Leach, J.B., Loughrey, A., Lowes, J.A., Warren, R.E., Livermore, D.M. Community and hospital spread of Escherichia coli producing CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the UK. J Antimicrob Chemother,2004,54, 735-743.
Yamane, K., Wachino, J., Suzuki, S., Kimura, K., Shibata, N., Kato, H., Shibayama, K., Konda, T., Arakawa, Y. New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51,3354-3360.
Yan, J.J., Wu, J.J., Ko, W.C., Tsai, S.H., Chuang, C.L., Wu, H.M., Lu, Y.J., Li, J.D. Plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylases conferring high-level aminoglycoside resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from two Taiwanese hospitals. J Antimicrob Chemother,2004, 54,1007-1012.
Yang, S., Clayton, S.R., Zechiedrich, E.L. Relative contributions of the AcrAB, MdfA and NorE efflux pumps to quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother,2003,51, 545-556.
Yao, Q., Zeng, Z., Hou, J., Deng, Y., He, L., Tian, W., Zheng, H., Chen, Z., Liu, J.H.Dissemination of the rmtB gene carried on IncF and IncN plasmids among Enterobacteriaceae in a pig farm and its environment. J Antimicrob Chemother,2011,66,2475-2479.
Yigit, H., Anderson, G.J., Biddle, J.W., Steward, C.D., Rasheed, J.K., Valera, L.L., McGowan, J.E., Jr., Tenover, F.C. Carbapenem resistance in a clinical isolate of Enterobacter aerogenes is associated with decreased expression of OmpF and OmpC porin analogs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2002,46,3817-3822.
Yokoyama, K., Doi, Y., Yamane, K., Kurokawa, H., Shibata, N., Shibayama, K., Yagi, T., Kato, H., Arakawa, Y. Acquisition of 16S rRNA methylase gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lancet, 2003,362,1888-1893.
Yong, D., Toleman, M.A., Giske, C.G., Cho, H.S., Sundman, K., Lee, K., Walsh, T.R. Characterization of a new metallo-beta-lactamase gene, bla(NDM-1), and a novel erythromycin esterase gene carried on a unique genetic structure in Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 14 from India. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2009,53,5046-5054.
Yu, F.Y., Yao, D., Pan, J.Y., Chen, C., Qin, Z.Q., Parsons, C., Yang, L.H., Li, Q.Q., Zhang, X.Q., Qu, D., Wang, L.X. High prevalence of plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase gene rmtB among Escherichia coli clinical isolates from a Chinese teaching hospital. BMC Infect Dis,2010,10, 184.
Yuan, L., Liu, J.H., Hu, G.Z., Pan, Y.S., Liu, Z.M., Mo, J., Wei, Y.J. Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from chickens in Henan Province, China. J Med Microbiol,2009,58,1449-1453.
Zhao, J., Chen, Z., Chen, S., Deng, Y., Liu, Y., Tian, W., Huang, X., Wu, C., Sun, Y., Zeng, Z., Liu, J.H. Prevalence and dissemination of oqxAB in Escherichia coli isolates from animals, farmworkers, and the environment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54,4219-4224.
Zheng, H., Zeng. Z., Chen, S., Liu, Y., Yao, Q., Deng, Y., Chen, X., Lv, L., Zhuo, C., Chen, Z., Liu, J.H. Prevalence and characterisation of CTX-M beta-lactamases amongst Escherichia coli isolates from healthy food animals in China. Int J Antimicrob Agents,2012,39,305-310.
Zhou, Y., Yu, H., Guo, Q., Xu, X., Ye, X., Wu, S., Guo, Y., Wang, M. Distribution of 16S rRNA methylases among different species of Gram-negative bacilli with high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis,2010,29,1349-1353.
Zong, Z., Partridge, S.R., Iredell, J.R. fSEcpl-mediated transposition and homologous recombination can explain the context of bla(CTX-M-62) linked to qnrB2. Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54, 3039-3042.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |