普通高校体育教育专业运动人体科学实验课程方案的研究
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摘要
“普通高校体育教育专业运动人体科学实验课程方案的研究”作为全国教育科学“十五”规划教育部重点课题(DLA030209)“普通高校体育专业运动人体科学实验课程体系改革的研究”的子课题,适应高等教育改革的新形式,满足基础教育对人才的新要求,加强课程的综合性和实践性,有利于学生“综合运用知识的能力、创新思维能力及初步的科研能力”的培养。进而为高校其它专业实验课程方案的改革提供一定意义上的理论指导和实践参考。
本文从高等教育改革的形式和基础教育课程改革的要求入手,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和访谈法逐步确定了课程方案,课程方案的构件模式为:根据指导思想确立课程目标——课程内容设计——确定课程评价方式。(1)课程目标确定为:培养学生综合运用知识的能力、实践操作能力、创新思维能力及初步的科研能力;使学生具备新世纪体育人才应掌握的运动人体科学实验方法,并能运用于实践,即指导体育教学和业余运动训练;(2)实验内容采用综合化、模块化的课程组织形式,打破传统的运动人体科学基础课的结构模式,对教学内容按照培养目标进行整合、重组与优化,按“模块”构建运动人体实验课程体系;类型为综合性实验和设计性实验,以综合性实验为主,综合性实验约占实验的2/3;(3)实验课程评价针对:实验课程方案,评价课程目标是否明确、清晰,课程内容的选择是否合适,内容的设计是否具有弹性,课程评价是否有利于学生的个性发展,整个课程方案是否切实可行;学生学业成绩,以形成性评价为主,采用多种评价手段,主要看学生的实验操作情况和实验设计的完成情况。
在河北师范大学体育教育专业对实验课程方案进行了教学实验,显现出一定的教学效果,为课程方案的大规模实施积累经验。我们相信,在进一步的实践探索过程中,普通高校体育教育专业实验课程方案一定会走入成熟阶段,结出丰硕的成果。
"The research on the human science of exercise experimental teaching in Normal Universities PE major" is one subtask of "The research on the reform in the human science of exercise experimental teaching in Normal Universities PE major", which belongs to 'tenth five emphasized programme' of national education science. It adapts to the new form of Higher educational reform, satisfies the need of education to quantified candidates and enhances the comprehensiveness and practicality of this subject. This study is also profitable to foster students' ability of comprehensively using knowledge, of innovatively thinking and of initially studying. Moreover ,it can provide the direction of theory and reference of practice for the form of other higher educational experimental course.
Beginning with the form of Higher educational reform and the request of educational reform, literature, questionnaire investigation and accessing was used. The conclusion is gradually got that the construct mode of course planning is as follow: decision of course goals according to directive theory—design of course content—the evaluation procedure.(l)The decision of course goals: foster students ability of comprehensively using knowledge, practical operating ability, innovatively thinking and of initially studying; enable the students to grasp the experimental methods of the human science, which is a valuable quality that the sports competitor should have in this new era. And the ability to apply it to practice, to direct RE teaching and the training of leisure sports.(2)The content of experiment adopts the mode of comprehensive, modernization, and break up the traditional teaching method of basic course of the human science, combining, regrouping and bettering the teaching materials according to the aim of cultivation, constructing the system of the human science of exercise experimental course. It adopts the comprehensive experiment typology way which takes accounts of 2/3 of the total.(3)The evaluation of experimental course: The clarity of course planning, goals of course evaluation, the possibility of the choice of course content, the flexibility of course design, the degree of course evaluation that can make student develop in full way, the feasibility of the whole course system. The achievements of the students mainly focus on the evaluation of shape ability, and assists with other evaluation methods, and the practice of experimental ability and the accomplishment of the experimental design are keynotes to the evaluation procedure.
In Hebei Normal University, the physical education was used in the plan of experimental course, which shows some effects and accumulates experience for the wide carrying of course plan. We believe that the plan of physical education in institution of higher education will promote from the experimental course to a more mature stage and have a good end in the process of further practice and exploration.
本文从高等教育改革的形式和基础教育课程改革的要求入手,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和访谈法逐步确定了课程方案,课程方案的构件模式为:根据指导思想确立课程目标——课程内容设计——确定课程评价方式。(1)课程目标确定为:培养学生综合运用知识的能力、实践操作能力、创新思维能力及初步的科研能力;使学生具备新世纪体育人才应掌握的运动人体科学实验方法,并能运用于实践,即指导体育教学和业余运动训练;(2)实验内容采用综合化、模块化的课程组织形式,打破传统的运动人体科学基础课的结构模式,对教学内容按照培养目标进行整合、重组与优化,按“模块”构建运动人体实验课程体系;类型为综合性实验和设计性实验,以综合性实验为主,综合性实验约占实验的2/3;(3)实验课程评价针对:实验课程方案,评价课程目标是否明确、清晰,课程内容的选择是否合适,内容的设计是否具有弹性,课程评价是否有利于学生的个性发展,整个课程方案是否切实可行;学生学业成绩,以形成性评价为主,采用多种评价手段,主要看学生的实验操作情况和实验设计的完成情况。
在河北师范大学体育教育专业对实验课程方案进行了教学实验,显现出一定的教学效果,为课程方案的大规模实施积累经验。我们相信,在进一步的实践探索过程中,普通高校体育教育专业实验课程方案一定会走入成熟阶段,结出丰硕的成果。
"The research on the human science of exercise experimental teaching in Normal Universities PE major" is one subtask of "The research on the reform in the human science of exercise experimental teaching in Normal Universities PE major", which belongs to 'tenth five emphasized programme' of national education science. It adapts to the new form of Higher educational reform, satisfies the need of education to quantified candidates and enhances the comprehensiveness and practicality of this subject. This study is also profitable to foster students' ability of comprehensively using knowledge, of innovatively thinking and of initially studying. Moreover ,it can provide the direction of theory and reference of practice for the form of other higher educational experimental course.
Beginning with the form of Higher educational reform and the request of educational reform, literature, questionnaire investigation and accessing was used. The conclusion is gradually got that the construct mode of course planning is as follow: decision of course goals according to directive theory—design of course content—the evaluation procedure.(l)The decision of course goals: foster students ability of comprehensively using knowledge, practical operating ability, innovatively thinking and of initially studying; enable the students to grasp the experimental methods of the human science, which is a valuable quality that the sports competitor should have in this new era. And the ability to apply it to practice, to direct RE teaching and the training of leisure sports.(2)The content of experiment adopts the mode of comprehensive, modernization, and break up the traditional teaching method of basic course of the human science, combining, regrouping and bettering the teaching materials according to the aim of cultivation, constructing the system of the human science of exercise experimental course. It adopts the comprehensive experiment typology way which takes accounts of 2/3 of the total.(3)The evaluation of experimental course: The clarity of course planning, goals of course evaluation, the possibility of the choice of course content, the flexibility of course design, the degree of course evaluation that can make student develop in full way, the feasibility of the whole course system. The achievements of the students mainly focus on the evaluation of shape ability, and assists with other evaluation methods, and the practice of experimental ability and the accomplishment of the experimental design are keynotes to the evaluation procedure.
In Hebei Normal University, the physical education was used in the plan of experimental course, which shows some effects and accumulates experience for the wide carrying of course plan. We believe that the plan of physical education in institution of higher education will promote from the experimental course to a more mature stage and have a good end in the process of further practice and exploration.
引文
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[5]黄汉升等.我国普通高校本科体育教育专业课程方案的研制及其主要特征[J].体育学刊,2003,10(2):2-4.
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[21]高云庆.创新教育与课程教学改革[J].西北成人教育学报,2000,(4):50-53.
[22]郜岭.试析课程开发理论关注的基本问题[J].北京理工大学学报,2003,8(1):116-117.
[23]胡凤花.高中物理实验探究式教学的实验研究,福建师范大学教育硕士学位论文,2005.
[24]袁玉娟.高等职业教育课程开发研究,湖南师范大学教育硕士学位论文,2006.
[25]牟海维.改革物理实验教学提高学生综合素质[J].实验室研究与探索,2000,(4):14-16.
[26]宋丽华.历史校本课程开发的理论和实践研究,山东师范大学教育硕士学位论文,2006.
[27]牛志芳.环境保护地方课程开发研究,东北师范大学教育硕士学位论文,2006.
[28]刘静.初中化学开展探究性实验教学的研究,辽宁师范大学教育硕士学位论文,2006.
[29]王会云.探究理念下高中物理分组实验教学的研究,南京师范大学教育硕士学位论文,2004.
[30]刘艳丽.大连市高中生物实验教学的现状与改革对策,辽宁师范大学教育硕士学位论文,2005.
[31]郭勇力.山东体育学院运动人体科学实验室改革与建设探索[J].山东体育学院学报,2001(3):94-96.
[32]刘昭强等.运动生理学实验课教学改革探索与实践[J],体育科学研究,2005,9(4):73-73.
[33]费应.实验教学在培养学生能力过程中的作用[J].锦州师范学院学报(自然科学版),2001,22(1):45-46.
[34]张庆文.体育院校创新教育中存在的问题及创新人才培养途径[J].上海体育学院学报,2001(6):81-85.
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