直线电机轨道交通牵引传动系统研究
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摘要
直线电机轨道交通系统在我国的大力的发展,迫切需要对其牵引传动系统进行研究。本论文就直线牵引传动系统的几个重要问题进行了深入研究。研究的问题包括直线感应电机高性能控制策略、直线牵引传动系统的能量互馈试验技术、直线感应电机效率优化控制方法和直线电机轨道交通制动模式优化问题等4个方面。
本文首先利用有限元分析的方法对直线感应电机边端效应及垂向力特性进行了研究,得到了滑差变化吋直线感应电机电磁力变化曲线。针对直线感应电机运行时气隙参数容易变化导致电机控制性能受到影响的问题,提出了一种基于复合型滑模变结构控制器的直线感应电机矢量控制策略。仿真和试验结果表明:采用所提出的基于复合型滑模变结构控制器的矢量控制策略时,在直线感应电机气隙参数动态变化的条件下电机仍具有良好的稳态性能和动态调节速度、负载推力的能力。
本文分析了国内外直线电机试验系统的发展现状,提出了一种新型的能量互馈式直线感应电机综合试验台系统。详细阐述了直线电机互馈试验台系统的工作原理和节能原理,在此基础之上,设计搭建了直线电机互馈试验台系统的机械结构系统及载运工具系统,并设计完成了一套基于DSP控制板、IGBT驱动板等的变流器控制系统。接着在分析互馈双电机推力平衡关系的基础上,提出了基于矢量控制的互馈双电机联合控制策略,仿真和试验结果表明:采用互馈双电机联合控制策略的直线电机互馈试验系统具有良好的稳态性能和动态调节速度、负载推力的能力,能够模拟直线电机轨道交通车辆的牵引、制动工况试验。
本文分析了直线感应电机的功率流程、损耗组成及效率特性,同时对牵引传动系统中逆变器的损耗模型进行了推导分析。结合直线感应电机损耗模型,提出了一种基于矢量控制的直线感应电机效率优化控制策略,为了减小对系统动态性能的影响,提出了一种切换控制方法保证了所提出效率优化控制策略具有良好的动态性能;并对所提出的效率优化控制策略的稳定性进行了分析。仿真结果表明,所提出的效率优化控制策略与传统的矢量控制方法相比具有明显的效果,特别是在轻载工况下,效率有明显的提高。试验结果表明本文所提出的效率优化控制策略与传统的矢量控制方法相比有一定的效果,但是由于电机参数的不精确导致了效率提高的效果没有仿真结果明显;此外稳态和动态试验表明本文所提出的效率优化控制策略具有良好的稳态性能和动态特性。
本文最后对直线电机轨道交通中几种常用制动方案进行了比较研究,并对制动过程中的能量损耗进行了理论推导。在此基础上,提出了一种将再生制动与直流能耗制动相结合的复合制动控制策略,并对复合制动过程中的能量损耗进行了分析。仿真结果表明本文所提出的复合制动控制策略应用到直线电机轨道交通中时在制动工况下可以有效的抑制直流侧电压的泵升。结合北京奥运机场线的特点及先前所提出的复合制动控制策略的思想,本文给出了优化北京奥运机场线制动模式的建议。
The linear induction motor (LIM) rail transit system is developed quickly in china, it is necessary to research the drive system of the LIM rail transit system. This dissertation probes into the LIM drive system. Productive research leads to findings in the following scopes: reciprocal power-fed test rig for LIM drive system, high performance control strategy for LIM, optimal efficiency control of LIM, and optimize braking model of LIM rail transit system.
The end effects and vertical force characteristics of linear induction motor are researched with finite element analysis method, and the curves of the electromagnetic force are got. Because the air gap of LIM is easily change when the vehicles are move, so that the control performance of LIM is affected. A vector control method based on a combined sliding-mode variable structure current controller is proposed for the above question. Simulation and test results show that the proposed control strategy has good steady-state performance, good features of speed and load force adjustment when the air gap of LIM is changed.
After analyzing the development of the test rig for LIM rail transit system, a new reciprocal power-fed test system for LIM is proposed. The work principle and energy conserving principle of the system are expatiated. The dissertation designs and builds the mechanism component and transit component of the system, and develops a converter control system including DSP control board, 1GBT driver board, etc. The author comes out the associated control strategy of twin motors based on vector control, when the balance relations of the thrust force of the twin motors were analyzed. Simulation and test results show that the reciprocal power-fed test system for LIM using the above control strategy has good steady-state performance, good features of speed and load force adjustment, and the availability of emulating traction and braking condition tests of linear metro vehicles.
This dissertation analyzes the power flow, loss component and efficiency characteristic of LIM, and also the loss model of inverter. An optimal efficiency control strategy combined with vector control is proposed based on loss mode of LIM. In order to reduce the effect for the dynamic performance, a switch control method is proposed. The stability of the control strategy is analyzed. Simulation results show the validity of the proposed control strategy compared with the traditional vector control method, especially in low load condition. Test results show that the efficiency of LIM is improved a little because of the inexactitude parameter of LIM. Steady and dynamic tests show that the proposed control strategy has good steady-state and dynamic performance.
By analyzing the braking scheme of linear metro and power loss in braking process, a combined braking control strategy based on feedback braking and energy-consuming braking is put forward. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the feasibility and validity of the proposed method. Considered about the characteristic of the linear metro line in Beijing and the above method, this dissertation gives the optimized braking mode suggestion of linear metro line in Beijing.
本文首先利用有限元分析的方法对直线感应电机边端效应及垂向力特性进行了研究,得到了滑差变化吋直线感应电机电磁力变化曲线。针对直线感应电机运行时气隙参数容易变化导致电机控制性能受到影响的问题,提出了一种基于复合型滑模变结构控制器的直线感应电机矢量控制策略。仿真和试验结果表明:采用所提出的基于复合型滑模变结构控制器的矢量控制策略时,在直线感应电机气隙参数动态变化的条件下电机仍具有良好的稳态性能和动态调节速度、负载推力的能力。
本文分析了国内外直线电机试验系统的发展现状,提出了一种新型的能量互馈式直线感应电机综合试验台系统。详细阐述了直线电机互馈试验台系统的工作原理和节能原理,在此基础之上,设计搭建了直线电机互馈试验台系统的机械结构系统及载运工具系统,并设计完成了一套基于DSP控制板、IGBT驱动板等的变流器控制系统。接着在分析互馈双电机推力平衡关系的基础上,提出了基于矢量控制的互馈双电机联合控制策略,仿真和试验结果表明:采用互馈双电机联合控制策略的直线电机互馈试验系统具有良好的稳态性能和动态调节速度、负载推力的能力,能够模拟直线电机轨道交通车辆的牵引、制动工况试验。
本文分析了直线感应电机的功率流程、损耗组成及效率特性,同时对牵引传动系统中逆变器的损耗模型进行了推导分析。结合直线感应电机损耗模型,提出了一种基于矢量控制的直线感应电机效率优化控制策略,为了减小对系统动态性能的影响,提出了一种切换控制方法保证了所提出效率优化控制策略具有良好的动态性能;并对所提出的效率优化控制策略的稳定性进行了分析。仿真结果表明,所提出的效率优化控制策略与传统的矢量控制方法相比具有明显的效果,特别是在轻载工况下,效率有明显的提高。试验结果表明本文所提出的效率优化控制策略与传统的矢量控制方法相比有一定的效果,但是由于电机参数的不精确导致了效率提高的效果没有仿真结果明显;此外稳态和动态试验表明本文所提出的效率优化控制策略具有良好的稳态性能和动态特性。
本文最后对直线电机轨道交通中几种常用制动方案进行了比较研究,并对制动过程中的能量损耗进行了理论推导。在此基础上,提出了一种将再生制动与直流能耗制动相结合的复合制动控制策略,并对复合制动过程中的能量损耗进行了分析。仿真结果表明本文所提出的复合制动控制策略应用到直线电机轨道交通中时在制动工况下可以有效的抑制直流侧电压的泵升。结合北京奥运机场线的特点及先前所提出的复合制动控制策略的思想,本文给出了优化北京奥运机场线制动模式的建议。
The linear induction motor (LIM) rail transit system is developed quickly in china, it is necessary to research the drive system of the LIM rail transit system. This dissertation probes into the LIM drive system. Productive research leads to findings in the following scopes: reciprocal power-fed test rig for LIM drive system, high performance control strategy for LIM, optimal efficiency control of LIM, and optimize braking model of LIM rail transit system.
The end effects and vertical force characteristics of linear induction motor are researched with finite element analysis method, and the curves of the electromagnetic force are got. Because the air gap of LIM is easily change when the vehicles are move, so that the control performance of LIM is affected. A vector control method based on a combined sliding-mode variable structure current controller is proposed for the above question. Simulation and test results show that the proposed control strategy has good steady-state performance, good features of speed and load force adjustment when the air gap of LIM is changed.
After analyzing the development of the test rig for LIM rail transit system, a new reciprocal power-fed test system for LIM is proposed. The work principle and energy conserving principle of the system are expatiated. The dissertation designs and builds the mechanism component and transit component of the system, and develops a converter control system including DSP control board, 1GBT driver board, etc. The author comes out the associated control strategy of twin motors based on vector control, when the balance relations of the thrust force of the twin motors were analyzed. Simulation and test results show that the reciprocal power-fed test system for LIM using the above control strategy has good steady-state performance, good features of speed and load force adjustment, and the availability of emulating traction and braking condition tests of linear metro vehicles.
This dissertation analyzes the power flow, loss component and efficiency characteristic of LIM, and also the loss model of inverter. An optimal efficiency control strategy combined with vector control is proposed based on loss mode of LIM. In order to reduce the effect for the dynamic performance, a switch control method is proposed. The stability of the control strategy is analyzed. Simulation results show the validity of the proposed control strategy compared with the traditional vector control method, especially in low load condition. Test results show that the efficiency of LIM is improved a little because of the inexactitude parameter of LIM. Steady and dynamic tests show that the proposed control strategy has good steady-state and dynamic performance.
By analyzing the braking scheme of linear metro and power loss in braking process, a combined braking control strategy based on feedback braking and energy-consuming braking is put forward. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the feasibility and validity of the proposed method. Considered about the characteristic of the linear metro line in Beijing and the above method, this dissertation gives the optimized braking mode suggestion of linear metro line in Beijing.
引文
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