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面向现代制造的CAD/CAM应用研究
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摘要
CAD/CAM是一项综合性的技术复杂的系统工程,涉及许多学科领域,如计算机科学与工程、计算数学、计算机图形学、数据结构和数据库、仿真、数控、机器人和人工智能学科和技术以及产品设计和制造相关的专业知识。CAD/CAM技术在机械制造业的应用推广使得设计制造过程向着自动化、集成化、智能化、虚拟化、网络化的方向发展。
     本文围绕数控铣雕CAD/CAM系统的设计开发,展开了对CAD/CAM技术的研究,着重研究了CAD/CAM系统的设计实现方法及关键技术,然后结合研究内容详细介绍了数控铣雕CAD/CAM系统的具体设计与实现,最后对CAD的发展方向网络CAD和制造模式的发展趋势进行了总结。
     本文主体内容是分三个部分来组织的:
     第一部分主要是对CAD/CAM系统的研究。这一部分首先分析了CAD/CAM软件系统的结构框架、主要任务、设计过程及设计原则,接着研究探讨了几何造型、有限元分析、优化设计、数控编程等CAD/CAM系统实现的关键技术,为具体CAD/CAM系统的设计提供了充分的理论依据。
     第二部分讨论了一个具体的CAD/CAM系统——数控铣雕CAD/CAM系统的设计实现及关键问题。根据项目开发的需求给出了系统的模块划分及各模块的具体功能,接着对各模块的设计实现做了详细论述;最后论述了数控技术的基本原理、加工工艺,对刀具轨迹生成、编辑、验证等关键问题做了更进一步的研究。
     第三部分从CAD及制造技术的发展趋势出发探讨了网络CAD和21世纪的制造模式,对网络CAD的重要技术计算机支持的协同工作(CSCW)做了详细分析,探讨了各种制造模式的特点、相互关系及发展趋势。
     本文从理论、实现和发展趋势三个层面对CAD/CAM技术做了深入的分析研究,这些理论与实践知识对其他系统的开发有一定的参考价值。
CAD/CAM is a complicated and systemic engineering ,which relates to many fields such as computer Science and Engineering, computational mathematics, CG, data structure, DB, simulation, NC, robot , Al, professional knowledge relating to design and manufacture, and so on. The manufacture and design process is developing toward automatic, integrative, intelligent, virtual and network direction due to the widely use of CAD/CAM in mechanical manufacture industry.
    In this paper, focused on the system of CAD/CAM for NC milling engraving, the technology of CAD/CAM is researched, especially the design, implement and key technology of CAD/CAM. Then, the design and development of the CAD/CAM system about NC milling engraving is discussed. Finally, the open issues that need to be researched about NCAD and manufacture is pointed out.
    The paper can be divided into three segments:
    In first segment, the CAD/CAM system is studied. The framework, main task, the procedure of design and the principle of CAD/CAM software is introduced. Then the key technology of CAD/CAM software such as geometry modeling, FEA, Optimized Design, NC programming is discussed to make sufficient theory basis for the design of a concrete CAD/CAM system.
    In second part, the design, implement and key issues of the CAD/CAM software for NC milling engraving are investigated. According to the requirement of the project, the whole system is divided into several modules. The detailed function, the means and instance of each module in the project are explained. Further more, the principle and process of the NC technology are discussed. Finally, the tool path creating, editing and verification.
    In the last segment, the NCAD and the manufacturing mode in the near future are investigated based on the trend of the CAD and the manufacturing mode. The CSCW which is an important technology for the NCAD , the primary character and the trend of manufacture mode in 21s and the relation of them are researched.
    The paper discussed the CAD/CAM technology from the theory, the implement and the evolution, which are of great value for other software design and development.
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