恒温恒湿空调系统的节能研究
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摘要
随着经济的发展,对恒温恒湿环境的应用和需求的领域在日益增加。同时近年来能源短缺的现实,已经迫使我们把节能问题提到一个十分重要的位置上来。因此,认识清楚目前存在的问题,高效利用空调系统的能源,采取有效的节能措施就成为迫切需要解决的问题。
本文对常用的纯蒸汽加湿、一次回风的恒温恒湿空调机组夏季、冬季和过渡季节模式的空气处理过程进行了详细的分析,对温度和湿度参数的控制进行了控制分解,给出了控制实现框图。
在原有恒温恒湿空调机组的基础上进行改造,提出了一种节能的新式恒温恒湿空调系统。对新式恒温恒湿空调系统工艺的实现进行了分析,同时进行了能耗的计算。在新式空调系统的基础上,对温度、湿度的自动控制的实现进行了介绍。对新式恒温恒湿空调系统可行性研究结果表明,这种空调系统具有普遍的适用性。
提出应用变露点调节法来控制室内相对湿度。本文提出将模糊控制应用到恒温恒湿空调系统控制湿度的控制策略中,将模糊PID控制策略应用到恒温恒湿空调系统中,得到了夏季和冬季模式变露点调节串级模糊控制闭环系统。
对一个工程实例进行室内温湿度控制,应用变露点调节串级模糊控制闭环系统来控制室内湿度,利用PID控制来控制室内温度。借助相关工具,对工程实例的夏季和冬季工况进行了仿真。仿真结果表明:应用本文提出的新式恒温恒湿空调系统,在控制策略上运用变露点调节串级模糊控制闭环系统控制室内相对湿度,运用PID控制来控制室内温度,可以达到工程所要求的温湿度精度要求。
Along with the development of economy, domain of the constant temperature constant humidity environment's application and demand is increasing day by day. Simultaneously the reality of the shortage of energy, forced us to mention the energy conservation question in a very important position recently. Therefore, knowing the present existence question clearly, using air-conditioning system's energy highly effectively, and taking the effective energy conservation measure becomes urgently needs to solve.
This article made the detailed analyze about the summer, winter and the transition season pattern's air treatment process of the pure steam humidification and primary return air's constant temperature and constant humidity air conditioning unit which is commonly used, carried on the control decomposition to the temperature and the humidity parameter's control, and gave the control diagram.
The paper made the transformation in the original constant temperature and constant humidity air conditioning, provided a new kind of constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system which can conserve energy, analyzed how to realize the function in the new style constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system , simultaneously made the energy consumption computation. The paper made the detailed introduction that the new style air-conditioning system how to realize automatic control of the temperature and the humidity. The new style constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system's feasibility study result indicated that this kind of air-conditioning system has the universal serviceability.
The paper proposed that applying the variable dew point to control the indoor relative humidity. This article proposed that applying the fuzzy control in the constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system control humidity's control policy, and applying the fuzzy PID control policy in the constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system, which obtained the summer and the winter patterns' variable dew point control cascade fuzzy control closed-loop systems.
The paper used the indoor humiture control in a project example, applied the variable dew point cascade fuzzy control closed-loop system in the controlling room's humidity, and applied PID control in room's temperature. With the aid of the related tool, the article carried on the simulation to the project example's summer and the winter operating mode. The simulation result indicated: Applying the new style constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system that this article proposed and applying the variable dew point cascade fuzzy control closed-loop system control the indoor relative humidity, using PID to control the temperature, may achieve the humiture accuracy requirement which the project requests.
本文对常用的纯蒸汽加湿、一次回风的恒温恒湿空调机组夏季、冬季和过渡季节模式的空气处理过程进行了详细的分析,对温度和湿度参数的控制进行了控制分解,给出了控制实现框图。
在原有恒温恒湿空调机组的基础上进行改造,提出了一种节能的新式恒温恒湿空调系统。对新式恒温恒湿空调系统工艺的实现进行了分析,同时进行了能耗的计算。在新式空调系统的基础上,对温度、湿度的自动控制的实现进行了介绍。对新式恒温恒湿空调系统可行性研究结果表明,这种空调系统具有普遍的适用性。
提出应用变露点调节法来控制室内相对湿度。本文提出将模糊控制应用到恒温恒湿空调系统控制湿度的控制策略中,将模糊PID控制策略应用到恒温恒湿空调系统中,得到了夏季和冬季模式变露点调节串级模糊控制闭环系统。
对一个工程实例进行室内温湿度控制,应用变露点调节串级模糊控制闭环系统来控制室内湿度,利用PID控制来控制室内温度。借助相关工具,对工程实例的夏季和冬季工况进行了仿真。仿真结果表明:应用本文提出的新式恒温恒湿空调系统,在控制策略上运用变露点调节串级模糊控制闭环系统控制室内相对湿度,运用PID控制来控制室内温度,可以达到工程所要求的温湿度精度要求。
Along with the development of economy, domain of the constant temperature constant humidity environment's application and demand is increasing day by day. Simultaneously the reality of the shortage of energy, forced us to mention the energy conservation question in a very important position recently. Therefore, knowing the present existence question clearly, using air-conditioning system's energy highly effectively, and taking the effective energy conservation measure becomes urgently needs to solve.
This article made the detailed analyze about the summer, winter and the transition season pattern's air treatment process of the pure steam humidification and primary return air's constant temperature and constant humidity air conditioning unit which is commonly used, carried on the control decomposition to the temperature and the humidity parameter's control, and gave the control diagram.
The paper made the transformation in the original constant temperature and constant humidity air conditioning, provided a new kind of constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system which can conserve energy, analyzed how to realize the function in the new style constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system , simultaneously made the energy consumption computation. The paper made the detailed introduction that the new style air-conditioning system how to realize automatic control of the temperature and the humidity. The new style constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system's feasibility study result indicated that this kind of air-conditioning system has the universal serviceability.
The paper proposed that applying the variable dew point to control the indoor relative humidity. This article proposed that applying the fuzzy control in the constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system control humidity's control policy, and applying the fuzzy PID control policy in the constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system, which obtained the summer and the winter patterns' variable dew point control cascade fuzzy control closed-loop systems.
The paper used the indoor humiture control in a project example, applied the variable dew point cascade fuzzy control closed-loop system in the controlling room's humidity, and applied PID control in room's temperature. With the aid of the related tool, the article carried on the simulation to the project example's summer and the winter operating mode. The simulation result indicated: Applying the new style constant temperature and constant humidity air-conditioning system that this article proposed and applying the variable dew point cascade fuzzy control closed-loop system control the indoor relative humidity, using PID to control the temperature, may achieve the humiture accuracy requirement which the project requests.
引文
[1]肖文,刘浙华.中央空调节能措施研究.中国测试技术,2007,33(3):47-49
[2]赵荣义,范存养,薛殿华,钱以明.空气调节.第3版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[3]杨献勇.热工过程自动控制.第1版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[4]陈绍炳,于向军.热工过程自动控制原理.第1版.南京:东南大学出版社,2003
[5]周祖毅,郑敏.恒温恒湿类空调工程的节能设计.工程建设与设计,2000,159:28-32
[6]陈铁,杜垲.恒温恒湿空调节能分析.第四届全国制冷空调新技术研讨会论文集,2006,1:476-479
[7]吕光磊.恒温恒湿类空调系统的节能研究.郑州工业学院报(自然科学版),2007,22(2、3):132-134
[8]刘金琨.先进PID控制MATLAB仿真.第2版.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[9]陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用.第2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[10]Brandt S.G and G Shavit.Simulation of the PID Algorithm for Direct Digital ControlApplications,ASHRAE Trans.Research.1991.Vol.97(2):768-774
[11]陈丹.专家控制技术在中央空调系统中的应用研究.[硕士论文],重庆:重庆大学,2006
[12]朱顺兵.建筑自动化系统空调节能优化控制策略分析.南京工业大学学报,2006,28(2):59-62
[13]J.M.Sousa,R.Babuska,H.B.Verbruggen.Fuzzy predictive control applied to an air-conditioning system J.Control Engineering Practice.1997,10(5):1395-1406
[14]Huang S.M.and Nelson.A PID-Law-Combining Fuzzy Controller for HVAC Applications,ASHRAE Trans.Research.1991.voi.97(2):768-774
[15]Yasunobu S.and Mianiot S.Automatic train operation by predications fuzzy control,in sugeno(Hrsy.)industrial Automatic train operation of fuzzy control,1985:1-18.
[16]Silber W,Yimg H.Fuzzy control theory-the Liner ease Fuzzy.sets and Systems,1989,33:275-290
[17]王怀山.智能建筑中空调控制系统和优化控制策略.2005中国控制与决策学术年会论文集,2005,1:951-954
[18]张子慧.热工测量与自动控制.第1版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[19]张子慧,黄翔,张景春.空调自动控制.第1版.北京:科学技术文献出版社,1999
[20]陈明.模糊控制技术在恒温恒湿空调中的研究与应用.[硕士论文],陕西:西安建筑科技大学,2007
[21]李强.空调系统多工况分区控制调节及实例.安装,2005,10:37-39
[22]周祖毅.自动控制在空调工程中的应用(3).制冷技术,2006,3:51-54
[23]罗熊,孙增圻.计算智能方法优化设计模糊控制系统:现状和展望.控制与决策.控制与决策,2007,22(9):961-966
[24]宁永生.智能控制技术在中央空调监控系统中的应用.[硕士论文],重庆:重庆大学,2004
[25]Zedeh L A.Fuzzy Logic,Neural Networks,and Soft Computing.Communication ACM,1994,37(3);77-84
[26]Richard Thompson,Arthur Dexter.A fuzzy decision-making approach to temperature control in air-conditioning systems.Control Engineering Practice,2005,13:689-698
[27]M.Ning,M.Zaheeruddin,Z.Chen.Fuzzy-Set Based HVAC System Uncertainty Analysis.IEE,2006,4:229-234
[28]秦静.模糊PID控制技术研究及其在空调控制过程中的应用.[硕士论文],北京:北京工业大学,2004
[29]吴钢,王惠龄,胡兴华,陈金增,李涛.模糊控制在制冷空调领域中的应用与发展.制冷与空调,2005,5(3):15-18
[30]刘利新,瞿文敏.模糊控制在中央空调控制系统中的应用.制冷与空调,2007,2:80-84
[31]吴万庆,王波.人工智能技术在中央空调节能控制中的应用探讨.智能建筑与城市信息,2007,4:29-32
[32]Jiangiiang Wang,Dawei An,Chengzhi Lou.Application of Fuzzy-PID Controller in Heating Ventilating and Air-Conditioning System.International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation,IEEE,2006,5:2217-2222
[33]Abdolreza Rahmati,Farzan Rashidi,Mehran Rashidi.A Hybrid Fuzzy Logic and PID Controller for Control of Nonlinear WAC Systems.IEE,2003,7:2249-2254
[34]Masanori Arima,Elmer H.Hara,Jack D.Katzberg.A Fuzzy Logic and Rough Sets Controller for HVAC Systems.IEEE,1995,1:133-138
[35]林喜云,沈国民,谢军龙.模糊控制器在中央空调控制系统中的应用.制冷与空调,2007,1:47-50
[36]王良,裴新才,何湘育,杨兴连.智能PID空调控制.基础自动化,1995,5:43-45
[37]王一帆,石中锁.自适应模糊PID控制器及其MATLAB仿真.冶金自动化2007年增刊,2007,1:4.7
[38]陈浩.恒温恒湿车间空调设计.[硕士论文],上海:同济大学,2004
[39]陆亚俊,马最良,邹平华.暖通空调.第1版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[40]陈桂明,张明照,戚红雨,张宝俊.应用MATLAB建模与仿真.第1版.北京:科学出版社,2001
[41]闻新等.MATLAB模糊逻辑工具箱的分析与应用.第1版.北京:科学出版社,2001
[42]蒋红梅.模糊PID控制在变风量空调系统中的应用研究.[硕士论文],陕西:西安建筑科技大学,2001
[43]Piao Ying-guo,Zhang Hua-guang,Zeungnam Bien.A Simple Fuzzy Adaptive Control Method and Application in HVAC.IEEE,1998,98:528-532
[44]贾俊星,涂光备,娄承芝,由世俊,朱焰.高精度恒温恒湿洁净室的控制设计.制冷学报,1999,4:55-58
[45]沈维道,蒋智敏,童钧耕.工程热力学.第3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[46]曹国庆,涂光备,安大伟,娄承芝.基于MATLAB的空调系统专家PID控制的建模与仿真.暖通空调,2005,35(11):111-114
[47]王伟,张晶涛,柴天佑.PID参数先进整定方法.自动化学报,2000,26(3):347-355
[48]何跃,林春梅.PID控制系统的参数选择研究及应用.计算机工程与设计,2006,27(8):1496-1498
[49]许云明,张伟平.参数自调整模糊控制器在空调控制中的应用.制冷与空调,2006,2:72-75
[50]曹志峰,余波,王永强,赵金秀.基于MATLAB神经网络的变风量空调控制的仿真.制冷与空调,2007,2:114-117
[51]陶爱荣.空调系统PID控制与灰色预测控制特性的数学仿真研究.通风除尘,1995,3:1-2
[52]刘钢,焦阳,贾书洪.模糊PID控制在中央空调变流量节能中的应用.电力电子技术,2007,41(11):66-67
[2]赵荣义,范存养,薛殿华,钱以明.空气调节.第3版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[3]杨献勇.热工过程自动控制.第1版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[4]陈绍炳,于向军.热工过程自动控制原理.第1版.南京:东南大学出版社,2003
[5]周祖毅,郑敏.恒温恒湿类空调工程的节能设计.工程建设与设计,2000,159:28-32
[6]陈铁,杜垲.恒温恒湿空调节能分析.第四届全国制冷空调新技术研讨会论文集,2006,1:476-479
[7]吕光磊.恒温恒湿类空调系统的节能研究.郑州工业学院报(自然科学版),2007,22(2、3):132-134
[8]刘金琨.先进PID控制MATLAB仿真.第2版.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[9]陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用.第2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[10]Brandt S.G and G Shavit.Simulation of the PID Algorithm for Direct Digital ControlApplications,ASHRAE Trans.Research.1991.Vol.97(2):768-774
[11]陈丹.专家控制技术在中央空调系统中的应用研究.[硕士论文],重庆:重庆大学,2006
[12]朱顺兵.建筑自动化系统空调节能优化控制策略分析.南京工业大学学报,2006,28(2):59-62
[13]J.M.Sousa,R.Babuska,H.B.Verbruggen.Fuzzy predictive control applied to an air-conditioning system J.Control Engineering Practice.1997,10(5):1395-1406
[14]Huang S.M.and Nelson.A PID-Law-Combining Fuzzy Controller for HVAC Applications,ASHRAE Trans.Research.1991.voi.97(2):768-774
[15]Yasunobu S.and Mianiot S.Automatic train operation by predications fuzzy control,in sugeno(Hrsy.)industrial Automatic train operation of fuzzy control,1985:1-18.
[16]Silber W,Yimg H.Fuzzy control theory-the Liner ease Fuzzy.sets and Systems,1989,33:275-290
[17]王怀山.智能建筑中空调控制系统和优化控制策略.2005中国控制与决策学术年会论文集,2005,1:951-954
[18]张子慧.热工测量与自动控制.第1版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[19]张子慧,黄翔,张景春.空调自动控制.第1版.北京:科学技术文献出版社,1999
[20]陈明.模糊控制技术在恒温恒湿空调中的研究与应用.[硕士论文],陕西:西安建筑科技大学,2007
[21]李强.空调系统多工况分区控制调节及实例.安装,2005,10:37-39
[22]周祖毅.自动控制在空调工程中的应用(3).制冷技术,2006,3:51-54
[23]罗熊,孙增圻.计算智能方法优化设计模糊控制系统:现状和展望.控制与决策.控制与决策,2007,22(9):961-966
[24]宁永生.智能控制技术在中央空调监控系统中的应用.[硕士论文],重庆:重庆大学,2004
[25]Zedeh L A.Fuzzy Logic,Neural Networks,and Soft Computing.Communication ACM,1994,37(3);77-84
[26]Richard Thompson,Arthur Dexter.A fuzzy decision-making approach to temperature control in air-conditioning systems.Control Engineering Practice,2005,13:689-698
[27]M.Ning,M.Zaheeruddin,Z.Chen.Fuzzy-Set Based HVAC System Uncertainty Analysis.IEE,2006,4:229-234
[28]秦静.模糊PID控制技术研究及其在空调控制过程中的应用.[硕士论文],北京:北京工业大学,2004
[29]吴钢,王惠龄,胡兴华,陈金增,李涛.模糊控制在制冷空调领域中的应用与发展.制冷与空调,2005,5(3):15-18
[30]刘利新,瞿文敏.模糊控制在中央空调控制系统中的应用.制冷与空调,2007,2:80-84
[31]吴万庆,王波.人工智能技术在中央空调节能控制中的应用探讨.智能建筑与城市信息,2007,4:29-32
[32]Jiangiiang Wang,Dawei An,Chengzhi Lou.Application of Fuzzy-PID Controller in Heating Ventilating and Air-Conditioning System.International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation,IEEE,2006,5:2217-2222
[33]Abdolreza Rahmati,Farzan Rashidi,Mehran Rashidi.A Hybrid Fuzzy Logic and PID Controller for Control of Nonlinear WAC Systems.IEE,2003,7:2249-2254
[34]Masanori Arima,Elmer H.Hara,Jack D.Katzberg.A Fuzzy Logic and Rough Sets Controller for HVAC Systems.IEEE,1995,1:133-138
[35]林喜云,沈国民,谢军龙.模糊控制器在中央空调控制系统中的应用.制冷与空调,2007,1:47-50
[36]王良,裴新才,何湘育,杨兴连.智能PID空调控制.基础自动化,1995,5:43-45
[37]王一帆,石中锁.自适应模糊PID控制器及其MATLAB仿真.冶金自动化2007年增刊,2007,1:4.7
[38]陈浩.恒温恒湿车间空调设计.[硕士论文],上海:同济大学,2004
[39]陆亚俊,马最良,邹平华.暖通空调.第1版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[40]陈桂明,张明照,戚红雨,张宝俊.应用MATLAB建模与仿真.第1版.北京:科学出版社,2001
[41]闻新等.MATLAB模糊逻辑工具箱的分析与应用.第1版.北京:科学出版社,2001
[42]蒋红梅.模糊PID控制在变风量空调系统中的应用研究.[硕士论文],陕西:西安建筑科技大学,2001
[43]Piao Ying-guo,Zhang Hua-guang,Zeungnam Bien.A Simple Fuzzy Adaptive Control Method and Application in HVAC.IEEE,1998,98:528-532
[44]贾俊星,涂光备,娄承芝,由世俊,朱焰.高精度恒温恒湿洁净室的控制设计.制冷学报,1999,4:55-58
[45]沈维道,蒋智敏,童钧耕.工程热力学.第3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2001
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