用户名: 密码: 验证码:
企业中层管理人员心理素质测评系统的研制
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
心理测验作为现代人才测评的一种基本类型,应用于人事管理领域的人才选拔,为我国当前心理测量学研究的一大热点。近年来,人才测评在社会需求的推动下,正向适应不同企业具体要求和不同岗位具体要求的方向发展,各企业纷纷要求编制适合于各自工作岗位需求的心理测验工具。选拔高素质的管理人才是关系到我国企业有效运作的关键因素,而良好的心理素质又是高素质管理人才所必不可少的,但是直到目前为止,我国尚缺乏对成功管理人员心理素质的明确认识,缺乏有效测评管理人员心理素质的选拔性工具。本研究的目的,就是通过严格的工作分析,系统地考察成功管理人员所应具备的心理素质;进而编制出具有较高信度和效度的管理人员心理素质测试问卷,并使之实现计算机化,以期为企业中层管理人员的选拔提供有效的心理素质测试手段。
     文章第一部分为研究目的和文献综述。主要阐述了开展本研究的目的、现代人才测评概念和基本类型、国内外有关管理人员测评的研究历史与现状、研究目的与意义等。
     文章第二部分为企业中层管理人员心理素质测评要素体系的初始设计。通过对企业中层管理工作进行严格的工作分析,客观地归纳出该工作的一般职务特征以及其对企业中层管理人员的基本任职要求,并在此基础上形成了客观规范的企业中层管理人员心理素质测评要素体系。该要素体系在工作分析的基础上都进行了定义,符合标准化测评要素体系设计的各项原则,具有严密性、简明性、准确性、实用性和可操作性。
     文章的第三部分为企业中层管理人员心理素质测试问卷的编
    
    湖南师范大学硕士学位论文
    企业中层管理人员心理素质测评系统的研制
    制。该问卷以企业中层管理人员心理素质测评要素体系为依据,题
    目的收集和编制过程中均遵守“领域特殊性”原则,即测量题目都
    是具体情境中的行为和活动。在试题的编制过程中注意到试卷的“表
    面效度”,在素材选择上注意结合中国企业的实际工作。从题目的编
    制、预测、项目分析到复测、信效度检验均严格按照心理测量学的
    要求进行。正式量表的制定过程中,经过了一次预测和题目的增删,
    进入复测问卷的绝大多数项目均具有较高的质量,专家评定合格,
    区分度指数在0.2以上,并且区分度在0.2一0.3之间的几个项目,
    研究者酌情进行了修改。复测问卷的信效度分析结果表明,本问卷
    具有较高的信度与效度,其分半信度为.92’‘、内部一致性信度
    为.860’’,实证效度为.41『,对复测数据的因素分析结果表明,对
    做好管理工作影响很大的心理因素主要有4种,即团队维持能力、
    进取精神、适应力、自律严谨。
     文章第四部分为企业中层管理人员心理素质计算机测评系统的
    说明。主要阐述了该系统的基本操作方法和结果解释说明。
     文章第五部分为研究结论。本研究的主要结论有:l)管理工作
    在8个要素指标上对中层管理人员具有很高的要求;这8个要素指
    标主要由4种潜在的心理因素构成,它们分别为团队维持能力、进
    取精神、适应力和自律严谨;2)本研究的特点是适合中国国情特点
    的“套装式”,本测试工具对专业人员依赖较少,便于操作,便于
    解释。3)所开发的《企业中层管理人员心理素质测评体系》可靠性
    强、操作简便,符合心理测验软件编制的要求,可以作为一项选拔
    中层管理人员的有效心理测试工具加以推广应用。
It is a hot field in psychometrics studies that psychological testing applied to personnel selection in personnel management as a kind of elementary type of modern personnel testing and assessment in China. These years, personnel testing and assessment are developing to the direction of meeting certain demands of enterprises and different positions . That makes a lot of enterprises demand suitable tools of psychological testing in accordance with their requirements. Firm's prospects are widely related to whether good managers are matched to proper positions. Managerial system is of first importance to firm operation. Good managers boast inevitablely of sound psychological qualities . But until now, there is no clear knowledge towards the qualities which the successful managers should have. And there is no proper instrument which can measure those of manager effectively. This paper deals with those psychological qualities which the successful managers possess, and then design a psychological questionnaire for
     managers with high reliability and validity. We employ computer program to make it more efficient.
    Part one: preface. In this part, the concept and rationale of modern personnel testing and assessment and psychological testing, the history and status quo about leader's characteristic theory at home and abroad, and significance of this research, are expounded.
    Part two: the developing of the system of mid-managers psychological quality testing and assessment elements. General position
    
    
    character and personnel requirements are induced objectively through the strict job analysis of mid-manager .On the basis of the analysis , the system of managers psychological quality testing and assessment elements is developed. This system obeys to principles of standardized system of testing and assessment elements with the character of strictness, conciseness, exactness, practicality and maneuverability.
    Part three: the construction of the questionnaire to test and assess manager's psychological quality. This questionnaire adopts the system of manager's psychological quality testing and assessment elements as the blueprint of the construction, psychometric rules are abided by on compiling items, pre-testing, item analyzing , retesting and checking up the reliability and validity. The results of the item analysis of the pretest questionnaire bespeaks that most of the items adopted by the retest questionnaire have high quality ,the discrimination indexes of them above .20, and be regarded as qualified by the experts, the items whose discrimination indexes between .20 and .30 are mended properly.. The results of reliability and validity, with split-half reliability coefficient of .92 and internal consistency reliability coefficient of.860 . Criterion-related validity coefficient is according to different scores is .410 .the result of factors-analysis of retest data bespeaks that there are 4 psychological factors (latent traits)effecting manager greatly, which are maintenance, aspiration, adaptability and self-control.
    Part four: the introduction of the computerized testing and assessment system of mid-manager's psychological quality, hi this part, the basic operation of the system with an example of result explaining is introduced.
    Part five: conclusion of research, our main conclusion runs as follows:1) eight factors are seriously concerned with middle-level
    
    manager, which can be merged into 4 latent psychological factors mainly. They are maintenance , aspiration , adaptability , self-control.2)Our testing instrument needs no specialists for its operation and is easy to explain and suitable for its practice in china. 3) The computerized testing and assessment system of manager's psychological quality have characters of credible, nicety and easily operated and abided by requirements of developing psychological test software.
引文
1.肖鸣政、温云云.测评人才素质致力人才开发[J].中国人力资源开发.1998,3.4-6
    2.凌文辁、方俐洛.领导与激励[M]机械工业出版社.2000.7
    3.张厚粲.刘远我.试论我国人才测评事业的发展[J].心理学探.1999.1.48-53
    4.朱智贤主编.心理学大词典.北京师范大学出版社.1989.225
    5.林志扬.管理学原理[M].厦门大学出版社.2001.3.450
    6.凌文辁、张鼎昆、方俐洛.保险推销员(职业)自我效能感量表的建构[J].心理学报 2001.33(1):63-67
    7.罗宾斯.管理学[M].中国人民大学出版社.2001.7.295
    8. Arnod J D, kruse B A structured screening system for the assessment of first-level supervisors. In:Hansen C P, conrad K A ed. A handbook of psychological assessment in business. New York: Quorum Books, 1991.99—111.
    
    
    1.凌文辁、陈龙、王登.CPM领导行为量表的建构[J].心理学报.1987,19(2):199-207
    2.凌文辁、方俐洛.领导与激励[M]机械工业出版社.2000,7
    3.凌文辁、张冶灿、方俐洛.中国职工组织承诺的结构模型研究.管理科学学报.2000,2:76-81
    4.张厚璨.心理与教育统计[M].北京师范大学出版社.2000,9
    5.郑日昌.心理测量[M].湖南教育出版社.1987,8
    6.谢义忠.保险推销员心理素质测评系统的研究[M](湖南师范大学硕士学位论文)2001.
    7.罗宾斯.管理学[M].中国人民大学出版社.2001,7
    8.吴谅谅.谷健之.人员素质测评[M].浙江人民出版社.1989
    9.《企业管理能力倾向测验》课题组用于企业人事管理的《企业管理能力倾向测验》[J].心理学报.1999.2:222-229
    10.张承芬、张景焕等.优秀企业家心理特点初探[J].应用心理学.1992,3:29-31
    11.刘玉凡、王二平.大五人格与职务绩效的关系[J].心理学动态.2 000,3:73-80
    12.张厚粲.刘远我.试论我国人才测评事业的发展[J].心理学探.1999,1:48-53
    13.刘远我.管理人员绩效评估的初步探索[J].心理学探新.2000,1:59-63
    14.杨乃琦.论新型企业人事考核[J]首都经济 1995,2:27-28
    15.宗月琴.运用评价中心的方式选拔管理人员[J].应用心理学.1992,6:12-16
    16.谢晓非、卢盛忠.对干部素质测评方法的验证[J].应用心理学.1990,3:6-11
    17.凌文辁、方俐洛等.内隐领导理论的中国研究——与美国的研究进行比较[J].心理学报.1991,3
    18.郑日昌、蔡永红、周益群.心理测量学[M].人民教育出版社.1999,9
    19.卢纹岱、朱一力、沙捷、朱红兵.SPSS for windows从入门到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社.1999.9
    20.赵一飞、胡近.人才综合素质测评中诸因素的权重计算探索[J].上海交通大学学报:社科版.1991,1:63-69
    21.丁秀峰.职业选择与心理测量[J].河南大学学报(社科版).1996,4:27-30
    22.李剑.人力资源管理实务必备手册[M].中国言实出版社.2000,4
    23.梁开广、邓婷等.评价中心法在评价中心管理潜能中的应用及其结构效度检验[J].应用心理学.1991,12:50-56
    24.俞文钊.领导心理学导论[M].人民教育出版社.1999,5
    25.张德.人力资源开发与管理[M].清华大学出版社.2000,11
    
    
    26.潘云良.领导者素质分析与测评读本[M].中共中央党校出版社.2000,7
    27.李兴山.现代管理学[M].中共中央党校出版社.1997,8
    28.王利平.管理学原理[M].中国人民大学出版社.2000,4
    29.刘海燕.人才心理学[M].河南大学出版社.1998,3
    30.吴立云.心理测验在企业招聘中的应用[J].心理科学.1997,3:284-285
    31.谢晓菲、卢盛忠.对干部素质测评方法的验证[J].应用心理学.1990,1:5-11
    32.陆红军.情景模拟测评法在我国管理干部选拔中的应用研究[J].心理科学通讯.1986,2:43-48
    33.王重鸣、王剑杰.职业紧张量表的修订与应用[J].应用心理学.1993,5
    34.翟洪昌、许铎.管理人员个性的因子分析及其科学评价问题的研究[J].心理科学.2000(23),2:211-213
    35.陆昌勤、方俐洛、凌文辁.管理者自我效能感[J].心理学动态.2001(9),2:179-184
    36. MegginsonHw. Personnelmanagement. Oxford: Blackwell, 1994
    37. Boyatzis R E. The Competent Manager: A model for effective performance. NY: John Wiley&Sons, 1982
    38. Fletcher C. Appraisal. London: Institute of Personnel management, 1993

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700