用户名: 密码: 验证码:
大型精密复杂级进模具技术综合研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
模具是工业生产中重要的工艺装备,是国民经济各部门发展的重要基础之一。级进模是
    一种复杂、精密的冲压模具,它具有高效率、高精度和高寿命等优越性,适用于各种冲压行业
    的自动化生产。级进模涉及冲压成形理论、冲压工艺、模具设计与制造以及模具材料中的许多
    关键技术。因此,从技术综合方面对级进模进行研究是十分有意义的。
     本文根据国内级进模研究现状,针对级进模关键技术问题,对大型、精密、复杂级进模
    开展了综合研究,选择空调翅片类级进模作为研究对象,以结合研制一套大型模具实例进行验证。
     从冲压成形理论入手,探讨了金属在塑性状态下的力学行为和特征,包括塑性变形的力
    学基础、板料冲压成形的力学特点及力学分析方法和冲压成形极限,从中找出板料冲压变形的基本规律。
     对典型的级进模中包含的四种冲压工序拉深、冲裁、翻边和卷边弯曲变形特性进行了分
    析,推导了各种冲压工序的应力应变关系式,并从模具结构角度对各工序变形影响因素进行了讨论。这些工作为级进模设计和计算提供了理论依据。
     在进行上述冲压成形理论探讨和各种冲压工序变形特性分析基础上,提出了模具子模采
    用分立式结构的设计思想,通过对模具详细设计和计算,建立了一种大型精密复杂级进模设计方法体系。设计部分有模具的总体设计(包括排样图设计、整体结构设计)、各子模结构设计和辅助机构送料传动设计;计算部分有模具精度计算,凸凹模主要结构参数计算和模具压力中心计算等。
     由于模具子模采用分立式结构,这样对模具装配提出了一个新问题,即如何确定各子模
    间的装配精度。作者提出了建立装配尺寸链、精度优化的数学模型,对模具装配精度进行优化
    分配。同时,还对模具制造中关键工艺也进行了研究,解决了级进模中高精度零件的加工问题。
     模具的另一个重要问题是模具的寿命问题,对此作者对模具进行了失效分析。级进模是
    在高速冲压的工作环境下用于大批量制件生产的,它的寿命直接影响到产品成本和质量,为此
    研究模具材料的抗磨损性十分重要。在对产生模具失效条件进行分析的同时并对模具磨损机理
    进行了探讨,主要通过对两种模具材料 Cr12MoV(普通模具钢)和 CPM10V(粉末模具钢)
    进行磨损试验,对其材料的显微组织对磨损的影响进行了研究;对国产钢结硬质合金的磨损特
     性也进行了应用研究,为国产模具材料替代进口材料提供理论依据和实践基础。
     上述工作的总体效果,在完成了一套大型精密复杂级进模具产品的研制过程,得以验证。
     在经模具厂家一年多的使用证明,制件产品质量达到了规定的技术标准,模具总使用寿命在
     6000万冲次以上。
Mould & Die is important technical equipment in industrial production. It is also one of the most important developmental foundations for all departments of country economy. The progressive die is a kind of complex and precise forming die. It possesses many advantages such as high efficiency,accuracy and long life. So it is used for many kinds of automation production in sheet metal forming. The progressive die relates to many key technologies including metal forming theory,sheet steel forming process,die design and manufacture,die material and so on. Therefore it is very significant to study the progressive die.
    According to domestic research actuality and facing the key technical problems of progressive die,the synthetic research on large scale,precise and complex progressive die is developed in this paper. The progressive fin die is selected as research object and a
    actual product in order to verify the research results.
    Beginning with metal forming theory,dynamic behavior and characteristics of
    plastic state is presented. To find the basic rules for sheet metal forming,many theories are discussed such as dynamical essential,characteristics and analysis methods of plastic deformation and forming limit.
    The deformation specialties of drawing,blanking,piercing-flanging and bending processes in progressive die are analyzed. The stress-strain relations of four forming processes are reasoned. Their influencing factors are discussed from the view point of die structure. These works provide theory basis for the design and calculation of progressive die.
    On the basis of the discuss about metal forming theory and the analysis of deformation specialties for four forming processes,the project idea that adopt sub-die schism structure to design die is proposed. By particular design and calculation,a kind of design method system for large scale precise complex progressive die is established. The design part includes the collectivity design,structure design and the design of assistant
    
    
    framework for delivering sheet metal. The calculation part includes die precision calculation,main structure parameters of die and punch,and pressing center calculation.
    Due to adopting the sub-die schism structure,a new problem is presented,which is how to determine the die-fitting precision in the assembling process. The die-fitting dimension chain and precision optimize mathematics model are established. And the optimize distribution for die-fitting precision is made. At the same time,the key process of manufacturing die is researched. The machining problems about high precision parts of progressive die are solved.
    Another important problem of progressive die is about the life of die. The analysis of wear failure on the die is made by the author. The progressive die is applied for volume productions under high speed pressing condition. Its life directly influences the cost and quality of product. So it is very important to study the wearable properties of die materials. The wearable mechanism is investigated by making wear tests of two materials Crl2MoV (normal die steel) and CPM10V (power metallurgy die steel). The influence factors for die wearing are studied on the microstructure of die material. The wearable characteristics of steel bonded carbide are also researched. This provides theoretical and experimental basis for substituting homemade materials for imported ones.
    The collective effect of the above researches is verified in the process of manufacturing a set of large scale precise complex progressive die. After using the die for more than one year,the results show that the die's total pressing times are over 60 million and the quality of the fin made by the die attain the technical standard.
引文
1.中川威雄.金型21世纪展望.塑性加工,第35卷第400号(1994-5)
    2.张钢,刘道忠.日本级进模的设计与制造特点.模具工业,1988(6):59~60
    3.武晓红.日本冲压模具的技术特点.模具通讯.1999(5)
    4.王家庆.德国STEPPER公司级进模设计制造技术概述.模具工业,1995(5):3~8
    5.周永泰.中国模具市场初探.模具通讯,1998(12)
    6. Michael R. Duffey et. al. Knowledge-Based Design of Progressive Stamping Dies. Journal of Material Processing Technology, 28(1991): 221-227
    7.邹志强,曲选辉,黄伯云.国外粉末冶金的最新进展.粉末冶金技术,1997(1):60~70
    8.陈良杰.多工位级进模设计.模具工业,1988(1~9)
    9.杨志成.板料冲压成技术.锻压技术,1992(5):26~30
    10. Bob Carabbio. Methods and Application of In-Die Dimensional Measurement Metal Forming, Jan. 1999
    11. Larry Crainich. Transfer Dies. Metal Forming, Jul. 1998
    12. Arnold Miedema. Improving Performance of Progressive Dies. Metal Forming, Feb. 1999
    13. Auto-trol's Progressive Die System. Auto-trol Technology Corporation. Denver Colorado. USA. 1987
    14.李志刚等.多工位级进模计算机辅助设计与制造.第五届锻压学术年会,1991
    15.盛自强.面向功能的级进模结构装配设计理论的研究及CAD系统的实现.华中理工大学博士论文,1998
    16. Aluminum & Copper Division. Forming processes for the different forming methods, KOBE STEEL. LTD., User imformation
    17. User's Guide-Section for Progressive Fin Dies. FD-M0989-1. OAK Company. USA. 1996.
    18. Jeff Sabatioi. New forming research for Aluminum Fins Automotive Manufacturing & Production Vol.11, No.8, Aug. 1999
    19.吴业正,韩宝琦.制冷原理及设备(第2版).西安交通大学出版社,1997
    20. Gordon Smity. From computer modelling to the manufacturing of dies with sculptured coutours. Journal of Material Processing Technology, 24(1990) 115~124
    21. S.C. Lim, W.K.H. Seah. Design manufacture of Long-Life PM bearing. Journal of Material Process Technology, 23(1990) 97~105
    22.张毅.现代冲压技术.国防工业出版社,1994年
    23.哈尔滨工业大学教材.金属塑性变形物理基础,1988
    
    
    24.王仲仁,郭殿俭,汪涛.塑性成形力学.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1989
    25.胡世光.板料冷压成形原理.国防工业出版社,1979
    26.徐秉业,陈森灿.塑性理论简明教程.清华大学出版社,1981
    27.汪大年等.金属塑性成形原理.机械工业出版社,1982
    28.胡大署.金属塑性加工力学.中南工业大学出版社,1988
    29.万胜狄.金属塑性成形原理.机械工业出版社,1995
    30.[日]日本塑性加工学会编,康达昌译.超塑性与金属加工技术.机械工业出版社,1985
    31.梁炳文,胡世光.板料成形塑性理论.机械工业出版社,1987
    32.Hill, R. 著,王仁等译,塑性数学理论,科学出版社,1966
    33.肖景容,周士能,肖祥芷.板料冲压,华中工学院出版社,1986
    34.肖祥芷.冲压工艺与模具计算机辅助设计.国防工业出版社,1996
    35.姜奎华.冲压工艺与模具设计.机械工业出版社,1997
    36.卢险峰.冲压工艺模具学.机械工业出版社,1998
    37.李硕本.冲压工艺学.机械工业出版社,1982
    38.邓陟,王先进,陈鹤峥.金属薄板成形技术.兵器工业出版社,1993
    39.王廷溥.板带材生产原理与工艺.冶金工业出版社,1995
    40.王考培.冲压手册(第二版).北京:机械工业出版社,1990
    41.[日]中川威雄,阿部邦雄,林丰.板料冲压加工.天津科学技术出版社,1982
    42.吕雪山,王先进,苗延达.薄板成形与制造.中国物质出版社,1992
    43.张钧.冷冲压模具设计与制造.西北工业大学出版社,1993
    44.郑大中,房金妹,谭平宇,李明.模具结构图册.机械工业出版社,1992
    45.[日]太田 哲著,张玉良等译.冲压模具结构与设计图解.国防工业出版社,1983
    46.黄毅宏.模具制造工艺.机械工业出版社,1988
    47.郑可鍠.实用冲压模具设计手册.宇航出版社,1990
    48.涂光祺.精冲技术.机械工业出版社.1990
    49.郑大梁,米小珍.带变薄普通拉深的力学分析.锻压技术,1997(1)19~21
    50.肖小亭,林启权,彭炎荣.平板圆孔翻边预制孔直径的修正计算.锻压技术,1995(5):18~20
    51.邓陟.薄板的各向异性与拉延成形性.锻压技术,1993(3):12~16
    52.李德立.拉应力薄料冲裁及其工艺参数.锻压技术,1991(2):22~25
    53.熊志卿.圆孔翻边成形极限研究.锻压技术,1989(1):23~26
    54.邓陟.拉延成形中的影响因素分析.锻压技术,1989(2):14~18
    55.王先进等编译.薄板成形性能.北京科技大学教材,1987
    
    
    56. Li Chunfeng. etc. Research on the section distortion of hat-section profiles in rotary draw bending with stretching force. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 94(1999): 41~44
    57. Y.W. Stegeman. etc. An experimental and numerical study of a planner blanking process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 87(1999): 266~276
    58. Daw-Kwei Leu. Etc. Influence of punch shapes on the collar-drawing process of sheet steel. Journal of Materials Technology 88(1999): 134~146
    59. F. Vollertsen, R. Breede, K. Lange. A Method for Deep Drawing with Multiple Elastomer Membranes. Annals of the CIRP Vol. 48/1/1999:221~226
    60.陈毓勋,赵振铎,王同海.特种冲压模具与成形技术.现代出版社,1989
    61.张春水,祝俊昶.高效精密冲模设计与制造.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1989
    62.邱永成.多工位级进模设计.北京:国防工业出版社,1987
    63.宋子明.多工位高速冲压模具的设计.锻压技术,1992(2):58~60
    64. Sang B. Park. An expert system Of progressive die design for electron gun grid parts. Journal of Materids Processing Technology 88(1999): 216~221
    65.沈世德.实用机构学.中国纺织大学出版社,1997
    66.小川秀夫,牧野内昭武.型工具押金属板材曲工.塑性加工,第40卷第459号(1999-4)
    67.周贤武.国外粉末冶金减摩材料的现状.粉末冶金技术,1993(2):70~74
    68. Suresh K Sitaraman. etc. A knowledge-based system for process sequence design in axisymmetric sheet-metal forming. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 26(1991): 126~130
    69.[日]高木六弥.模具制造技术.北京模具技术协会(内部资料),1984
    70.陈炎嗣,郭景仪.冲压模具设计与制造技术.北京出版社,1991
    71.王树勋,高广升.冷冲压模具结构图册大全.华南理工大学出版社,1994
    72.模具制造手册编写组.模具制造手册(第2版).机械工业出版社,1997
    73.Paul B. Schubert,徐万椿译.模具学.徐氏基金会出版,1968
    74.[美]美国金属学会编.硬质合金工具的破损及其断裂韧性.冶金工业出版社,1989
    75.朱耀祥主编.组合夹具(组装·应用·理论).机械工业出版社,1990
    76.胡永生.机械制造工艺原理.北京理工大学出版社,1992
    77.张荣瑞.尺寸链原理及其应用.机械工业出版社,1986
    78.张有恒,张士民.尺寸链.河北科学技术出版社,1987
    79.顾崇衔.机械制造工艺学.陕西科技出版社,1981
    
    
    80.哈尔滨工业大学,上海工业大学主编.机械制造工艺理论基础.上海科技出版社,1984年
    81.林少宫.基础概率及数理统计.人民教育出版社,1978
    82.刘之生.尺寸链理论及应用.兵器工业出版社,1990
    83.王基生,赵之渊.尺寸链的计算机计算和分析.制造技术与机床,1994(5):34~35
    84.张景勋.随机方向矢量尺寸链及其在机床设计制造中的应用.制造技术与机床,1994(1):32~35
    85.段明杨.修配法解装配尺寸链的新方法.制造技术与机床,1994(7):9~13
    86.刘帷信.机械最优化设计(第三版).清华大学出版社,1994
    87.徐锦康.机械优化设计.机械工业出版社,1995
    88.王国彪.机械优化设计方法微机程序与应用.机械工业出版社,1994
    89.杨冰.实用最优化方法及计算机程序.哈尔滨舰艇工程学院出版社,1994
    90.余俊,谬道训.最优化方法及其应用.华中工学院出版社,1986
    91.Microsoft Corporation著.Microsoft Visual C++语言参考手册.清华大学出版社,1998
    92.Microsoft Corporation著.Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0语言参考手册.北京希望电子出版社,1999
    93.Microsoft Corporation著.Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0运行库参考手册.北京希望电子出版社
    94.温涛铸.摩擦学原理.清华大学出版社,1990年
    95.中国机械工程学会材料学会主编.模具的失效分析.机械工业出版社,1993年
    96.Sarkar A.D.著,邵荷生译.金属磨损原理.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1980年
    97.周一志,宫秀敏.金属耐磨材料及其合金化.华中理工大学出版社,1992年
    98.中国农业机械化科学研究院工艺材料研究所.磨粒磨损与抗磨技术译文集.北京:中国农业机械出版社,1982年
    99.陈传尧,高大学.疲劳断裂基础.华中理工大学出版社,1991年
    100.金属机械性能编写组.金属机械性能.机械工业出版社,1982年
    101.龚润生.断裂物理.中南工业大学教材,1987年
    102.华南工学院,甘肃工业大学.金属切削原理与刀具设计.上海科技出版社,1983年
    103.吴元昌,Crucible公司的粉末冶金工具钢.工具技术,1995年(1):(33~35)
    104.机械工程手册(第二版),第3卷.工程材料.机械工业出版社,1996年
    105.刘英杰,臧克强.磨损失效分析.机械工业出版社,1996年
    106.[苏].柳巴尔斯基等著,高彩桥译.磨擦的金属物理.机械工业出版社,1984年
    107.张剑锋,周志芳编著.磨擦磨损与抗磨技术.天津科技翻译出版公司,1993年
    
    
    108.蔡泽高等编著.金属磨损与断裂.上海交大出版社,1985年
    109. M.B. Peterson and W.O. Winer, Wear Control hand book, New york, ASME, 1980
    110. D. Dowsor, et al., The wear of nonmetallic materials, London, Mechanical Engineering Pub. 1978
    111.西田新一.机械机器破损原因对策.东京:日刊工业新闻社,1986
    112.W.A.Glasser, Wear Failure Analysis, Wear of Material, No.3, 1981
    113.张荷生,张清编著.金属的磨料磨损与耐磨材料.机械工业出版社,1988
    114.Engel, P.A., Impact Wear of Materials, 1976
    115.桥本健次,粉粒体摩耗对策技术,1977,69~92
    116. Willian F. Hosford, Robert M. Caddell. Metal forming-Mechanics and mefallurgy. Prentice-Hall, Inc. U.S.A. 1983
    117. E. M. Kopalinsky. Investigation of surface Deformation when a Hard wedge slides over a soft surface. Transations of the ASME, Vol.114, No.1, JAN, 1992
    118.株洲硬质合金厂著.钢结硬质合金.冶金工具出版社,1982
    119.孙耀彤.提高冲模寿命的有效途径.模具工业,1997(7):40~42
    120.张思钢.高精度硬质合金级进模使用寿命的研究.模具工业,1998(1):34~35
    121.孙宝琦,何平.模具用硬质合金及其进展.模具工业,1996(12):3~7
    122. Kassims. Al-Rubaie. etc. Three-body abrasion of Al-Sic composites. Wear 225-229(1999):163~173
    123.肯尼思J.A.布罗克斯.世界硬质合金指南与手册.株洲硬质合金厂情报科,1982
    124.江昌勇.模具的失效分析.模具工业,1996(12):8~11
    125.曹振平.国产模具钢存在的问题及其对策.模具工业,1997(6):44~46
    126.住友轻金属工业株式会社.住友轻金属的铝散热材料.技术资料,1994
    127.孙宝琦,吴冲浒.亚微细晶粒硬质合金在冲模具的应用.模具工业,1999(1):44~46
    128.崔伟.影响冲模寿命的因素及对策.模具工业,1998(4):43~45
    129.游兴河,马少波.钢结硬质合金高温塑性变形磨损机理的研究.粉末冶金技术,1991(2):15~20
    130. J.H. Kong. etc. A study on die wear model considering thermal softening. Journal of Material Processing Technology 94(1990): 183~188
    131. S.N.B. Hodgson. etc. The role of Si02 impurities in the microstructuce and propetcies of Y-TZP. Jaurnal of Materials Processing Technology 86(1999): 139~145
    132.上海市机械制造工艺研究所编译.模具材料译文集.上海科技情报研究所,1975
    133.曾德麟.粉末冶金材料.冶金工业出版社,1989

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700