高尚堡地区中深层储层成岩作用研究
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摘要
以储层地质学为基础,利用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜等光学仪器观察,通过对埋深、古地温、有机质、粘土矿物等分析化验数据进行分析,结合压汞实验及铸体薄片图像分析,对高尚堡地区中深层储层的成岩作用及微观特征进行研究,结果发现高南中深层自2200m至2900m处于早成岩B期,2900m～3500m属于晚成岩A期,在2200m～3500m之间存在两个次生孔隙发育带;高北中深层处于晚成岩A期,存在一个次生孔隙发育带,但是由两期溶蚀而成。同时这些次生溶孔构成了储层的主要储集空间,而连通孔隙的喉道多为点-片状;孔喉组合以中孔细喉型、细孔细喉型等为主要特征。影响储层物性的因素为孔喉半径、喉道均值等。在此基础上,分析成岩作用对孔隙的影响,发现压实作用是原生孔隙减小甚至消失殆尽的主要原因,溶蚀作用是次生孔隙形成的首因,主要溶蚀对象为长石;碳酸盐溶解量较小,对次生孔隙贡献不大。综合以上研究,进一步对成岩产物的特征及敏感性进行分析,发现研究区总体具有强水敏性、速敏性,弱酸敏性、碱敏性,盐敏性变化较大的特点,可采用土酸酸化,或注入矿化度为6527mg/L～9000mg/L的盐水进行驱油。另外,建议采用压裂的方式进行开发,以避免各种敏感性造成储层物性下降。
Based on geology of reservoir, adopting polarizing microscope and scanning electron microscope and so on optical instrument to observe; through the analysis of the depth, palaeogeothermal, degree of organic metamorphism and siallite of semideep reservoir in Gao Shang-pu area; link mercury intrusion experiment and image analysis of cast thin section, and found that the depth between 2000m and 2900m is in early diagenesis B, the depth below 2900m to 3500m is in late diagenesis A in Gaonan semideep strata, and there are two developmental zones of secondary pore. The semideep strata in Gaobei area is in late diagenesis A, and there exists one secondary pore developmental zone, formed by two phases of denudations. These secondary pores formed the main accumulative interspace of semideep reservoir. The throat shape is point and schistose. The types of combination between pore and throat are mainly mesopore leptothroat and fine pore-leptothroat. The poroperm characteristics have vicinity with pore throat diameter and throat mean. Based on these researches, analyze the affect of diagenesis to pore, and found that compaction is much more influencing than cementation on the loss, and the primary pore even vanished because of compaction. Denudation is the most important factor on the generation of secondary pore, and Feldspar is the object of corroding. Another nonresistance mineral-carbonate mineral, has little contribution on the forming of secondary pore. Finally, Based on the microscopic feature, analyze the sensitivity of minerals, found that the interstitial material in the throat have high water sensitivity, high rapid sensitivity, low acid sensitivity, low alkali sensitivity and multivariant salt sensitivity, and could use mud acid to acidify or use saline whose salinity is between 6527mg/L and 9000mg/L to inject the reservoir to exploit. In addition, To avoid the interstitial materials’sensitivity, propose to adopt fracturing technology to exploit.
Based on geology of reservoir, adopting polarizing microscope and scanning electron microscope and so on optical instrument to observe; through the analysis of the depth, palaeogeothermal, degree of organic metamorphism and siallite of semideep reservoir in Gao Shang-pu area; link mercury intrusion experiment and image analysis of cast thin section, and found that the depth between 2000m and 2900m is in early diagenesis B, the depth below 2900m to 3500m is in late diagenesis A in Gaonan semideep strata, and there are two developmental zones of secondary pore. The semideep strata in Gaobei area is in late diagenesis A, and there exists one secondary pore developmental zone, formed by two phases of denudations. These secondary pores formed the main accumulative interspace of semideep reservoir. The throat shape is point and schistose. The types of combination between pore and throat are mainly mesopore leptothroat and fine pore-leptothroat. The poroperm characteristics have vicinity with pore throat diameter and throat mean. Based on these researches, analyze the affect of diagenesis to pore, and found that compaction is much more influencing than cementation on the loss, and the primary pore even vanished because of compaction. Denudation is the most important factor on the generation of secondary pore, and Feldspar is the object of corroding. Another nonresistance mineral-carbonate mineral, has little contribution on the forming of secondary pore. Finally, Based on the microscopic feature, analyze the sensitivity of minerals, found that the interstitial material in the throat have high water sensitivity, high rapid sensitivity, low acid sensitivity, low alkali sensitivity and multivariant salt sensitivity, and could use mud acid to acidify or use saline whose salinity is between 6527mg/L and 9000mg/L to inject the reservoir to exploit. In addition, To avoid the interstitial materials’sensitivity, propose to adopt fracturing technology to exploit.
引文
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[10]孟元林,肖丽华等.粘土矿物转化的化学动力学模型与应用[J].沉积学报,1996;14(2):110～116
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[22]游秀玲,金彦君.高尚堡油田沙三段二、三亚段沉积体系与沉积相[J].石油与天然气地质,1997;18(1):15～20
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[24]王旭东,卢桂香.高北隐蔽油气藏特征及勘探方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2002;23(2):174～178
[25]邱立伟,游秀玲等.高尚堡南浅层明化镇组下段-馆陶组储层评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2003;24(4):404～408
[26]常学军,尹志军.高尚堡沙三段油藏储层敏感性实验研究及其形成机理[J].石油实验地质,2004;26(1):84～88
[27]宋来明,杨永强等.冀东高尚堡油田 Es32+3层序地层学研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2005;35(4):462～468
[28]孙玉花,林承焰.高尚堡油田储层层内非均质特征及其对油气分布的控制[J].内蒙古石油化工,2006;3:111～113
[29]肖军,王华等.南堡凹陷温度场、压力场及流体势模拟研究——基于 Basin2 盆地模拟软件[J].地质科技情报,2003;22(1):67～74
[30]韩晋阳,肖军等.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷沉降过程、岩浆活动、温压场演化与油气成藏的耦合分析[J].石油实验地质,2003;25(3):257～263
[31]陈世悦.矿物岩石学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2002:65
[32]周海民,郑红菊等.南堡凹陷烃源岩的显微组分与生油门限的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,1999;20(2):164～165
[33]吕正谋.山东东营凹陷下第三系砂岩次生孔隙研究[J].沉积学报,1985;3(2):47～56
[34]裘怿楠,陈子琪.油藏描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:126～128
[35]Houseknecht,D.W.. Assessing the relative importance of compaction processes and cementation reduction of porosity in sandstone. AAPG,1987; 71(6)
[36]段勇.特殊岩心分析技术[M].北京:石油工业出版设,1993:1～89
[37]周灿灿,李淑珣等.高柳地区新近系地层压力和温度对岩石物性的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2003;30(1):105～107
[38]史基安,晋慧娟等.长石砂岩中长石溶解作用发育机理及其影响因素分析[J]. 沉积学报,1994;12(3): 65～ 75
[39]Surdan R C, Boese S W and Crossey L J. The chemistry of secondary porosity. AAPG Mem., 1984, 37, 127~151
[40]Mac Gowan D B and Surdam R C. Difunctional carboxylic acid anions in oilfield water. Org. Geochem., 1988, 12, 245~259
[41]Palmer D A and Drummond S E. Thermal decarbosylation of acelate. Part I: The kinetics and mechanism of reation in aqueous solution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1986, 50, 813~823
[42]Hajash A, Franklin S P and Reed C L. Experimental feldspar dissolution in acetic and oxalic acids at 100℃. Kharaka and Maest. Water-Rock Interation. Rotterdam: Balkerma, 1992, 315～318
[43]Franklin S P, Hajash A and Thomas A, et al. The rule of carboxylic acids in albite and quartz dissolution: An experimental study under diagenetic conditions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994,58, 4259～4279
[44]罗孝俊,杨卫东.有机酸对长石溶解度影响的热力学研究[J].矿物学报,2001;21(2):183～188
[45]肖林萍,黄思静.碳酸盐岩溶蚀实验热力学模型及工程地质意义[J].西南交通大学学报.2002,37(3):250～253
[46]陆新民主编.物理化学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1986:178～183
[47]朱真.影响碳酸盐岩比溶蚀度、比溶解度因素探讨[J].广西地质,1997;10(3):37～45
[48]曾允孚,夏文杰主编.沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1986:47～61,138～142,194～199
[49]王勇毅,石磊.油气储层敏感性伤害机理识别方法及应用实例[J]. 河南石油,2003;11(4):54～47
[50]黎华继.川西新场气田蓬莱组气藏储层的敏感性研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2002;22(1):30～34
[51]许建华,郝新武等.利津地区沙四段上部低孔低渗储集层敏感性特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2003;30(4):114～116
[2] 邱隆伟,姜在兴.陆源碎屑岩的碱性成岩作用[M].北京:地质出版社,2006:1～2,8～48
[3] 郑浚茂,庞明等.碎屑储集岩的成岩作用研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1989:53～99,82～84,123～144
[4] 孙永传,李忠等.中国东部含油气断陷盆地的成岩作用[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1996:1～6,46～85
[5] Hower, J. et al. Mechanism of burial metamorphism of argillaceous sediments, I. Mineralogical and chemical evidence. G. S. A. Bull. 1976, 87: 725～737
[6] Curtis, C. D. Sedimentary geochemistry, environments and processes dominated by involvement of aqueous phase. Sedimentary, Phi. Trans. R. Spc. 1977, A286: 353～371
[7] V.Schmidt , D.A.McDonald. Texture amd recognition of secondly porosity in sandstones. SEPM Spec. Pub. 1979, No. 26, 209～225
[8] 裘怿楠,薛叔浩等.油气储层评价技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:58～59,194～206,287～300
[9] 肖丽华,孟元林等.碎屑岩成岩温度的数值模拟和成岩阶段的预测[J].中国海上油气,1995;9(6):389～394
[10]孟元林,肖丽华等.粘土矿物转化的化学动力学模型与应用[J].沉积学报,1996;14(2):110～116
[11]李忠.沉积盆地大尺度成岩作用研究[J].地学前缘,1998;5(3):157～158
[12]Girard J ～ P, Deynoux M, Nahon D. Diagenesis of the upperProterozoic siliciclastic sediments of the Taoudeni Basin (west Africa) and relation to diabase emplacemet. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1989, 59: 233～248
[13]Merino E, Gierre J～P, May M T, et al. Diagenetive mineralogy, geochemistry, and dynamics of Mesozoic arkoses, Hart ～ ford riftbasin, Connecticut, USA. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1997, 67: 212～224
[14]刘立,于均民等.热对流成岩作用的基本特征与研究意义[J].地球科学进展,2000;15(5):583～585
[15]刘孟慧,赵澄林.储层成岩演化模式[M].东营:石油大学(华东)出版社,1989:31～34
[16]戴启德,纪友亮.油气储层地质学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1995: 37～67
[17]方少仙,侯方浩.石油天然气储层地质学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1998:159～161、181～187,264～278
[18]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:141～169
[19]冯增昭.沉积岩石学(上册)[M].第二版.北京:石油工业出版社,1993:198～221
[20]张厚福,方朝亮等.石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:101～111
[21]刘翠荣,冉启佑等.高尚堡油田沙河街组三段测井分析[J].石油与天然气地质,1996;17(2):140～145
[22]游秀玲,金彦君.高尚堡油田沙三段二、三亚段沉积体系与沉积相[J].石油与天然气地质,1997;18(1):15～20
[23]姚军辉,关晓东等.高尚堡油田沙河街组三段二、三亚段储层层序地层学研究[J].石油与天然气地质,1997;18(1):54～58
[24]王旭东,卢桂香.高北隐蔽油气藏特征及勘探方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2002;23(2):174～178
[25]邱立伟,游秀玲等.高尚堡南浅层明化镇组下段-馆陶组储层评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2003;24(4):404～408
[26]常学军,尹志军.高尚堡沙三段油藏储层敏感性实验研究及其形成机理[J].石油实验地质,2004;26(1):84～88
[27]宋来明,杨永强等.冀东高尚堡油田 Es32+3层序地层学研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2005;35(4):462～468
[28]孙玉花,林承焰.高尚堡油田储层层内非均质特征及其对油气分布的控制[J].内蒙古石油化工,2006;3:111～113
[29]肖军,王华等.南堡凹陷温度场、压力场及流体势模拟研究——基于 Basin2 盆地模拟软件[J].地质科技情报,2003;22(1):67～74
[30]韩晋阳,肖军等.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷沉降过程、岩浆活动、温压场演化与油气成藏的耦合分析[J].石油实验地质,2003;25(3):257～263
[31]陈世悦.矿物岩石学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2002:65
[32]周海民,郑红菊等.南堡凹陷烃源岩的显微组分与生油门限的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,1999;20(2):164～165
[33]吕正谋.山东东营凹陷下第三系砂岩次生孔隙研究[J].沉积学报,1985;3(2):47～56
[34]裘怿楠,陈子琪.油藏描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:126～128
[35]Houseknecht,D.W.. Assessing the relative importance of compaction processes and cementation reduction of porosity in sandstone. AAPG,1987; 71(6)
[36]段勇.特殊岩心分析技术[M].北京:石油工业出版设,1993:1～89
[37]周灿灿,李淑珣等.高柳地区新近系地层压力和温度对岩石物性的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2003;30(1):105～107
[38]史基安,晋慧娟等.长石砂岩中长石溶解作用发育机理及其影响因素分析[J]. 沉积学报,1994;12(3): 65～ 75
[39]Surdan R C, Boese S W and Crossey L J. The chemistry of secondary porosity. AAPG Mem., 1984, 37, 127~151
[40]Mac Gowan D B and Surdam R C. Difunctional carboxylic acid anions in oilfield water. Org. Geochem., 1988, 12, 245~259
[41]Palmer D A and Drummond S E. Thermal decarbosylation of acelate. Part I: The kinetics and mechanism of reation in aqueous solution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1986, 50, 813~823
[42]Hajash A, Franklin S P and Reed C L. Experimental feldspar dissolution in acetic and oxalic acids at 100℃. Kharaka and Maest. Water-Rock Interation. Rotterdam: Balkerma, 1992, 315～318
[43]Franklin S P, Hajash A and Thomas A, et al. The rule of carboxylic acids in albite and quartz dissolution: An experimental study under diagenetic conditions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994,58, 4259～4279
[44]罗孝俊,杨卫东.有机酸对长石溶解度影响的热力学研究[J].矿物学报,2001;21(2):183～188
[45]肖林萍,黄思静.碳酸盐岩溶蚀实验热力学模型及工程地质意义[J].西南交通大学学报.2002,37(3):250～253
[46]陆新民主编.物理化学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1986:178～183
[47]朱真.影响碳酸盐岩比溶蚀度、比溶解度因素探讨[J].广西地质,1997;10(3):37～45
[48]曾允孚,夏文杰主编.沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1986:47～61,138～142,194～199
[49]王勇毅,石磊.油气储层敏感性伤害机理识别方法及应用实例[J]. 河南石油,2003;11(4):54～47
[50]黎华继.川西新场气田蓬莱组气藏储层的敏感性研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2002;22(1):30～34
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