煤体非均质随机裂隙模型及渗流—应力耦合分析
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摘要
煤层瓦斯抽采利用既可以解决煤层瓦斯排放污染环境和能源浪费问题,又能大幅度地降低煤层瓦斯含量,消除瓦斯突出和瓦斯爆炸的危险。煤的非均质及其内的随机裂隙存在影响着煤的力学和渗流特性,甚至起到控制作用。为了用数值方法分析煤层中瓦斯流动问题时,必须考虑煤储层基质块体的非均质力学特性及其内的随机裂隙展布,只有这样得到的计算结果才具有工程价值。可见,科学地模拟煤储层的力学特性非均质及其内的随机裂隙展布是数值方法应用于煤层瓦斯抽采工程理论研究与工程设计的关键。本文综合应用实验室试验、理论分析、数值模拟等方法对非均质随机裂隙煤岩体渗流问题进行研究,论文主要研究成果:
(1)对煤的峰后软化特征和扩容行为进行了探讨,在已有研究基础上建立了考虑围压影响的煤峰后软化模型和扩容模型,并通过数值算例验证,结果表明此模型能反映围压对煤岩剪胀扩容行为。
(2)通过实验研究瓦斯在煤层内的渗流特征,得出对于“滑脱”效应不明显的煤在计算渗透率时优先采用Louis公式,由此建立了煤的变形和瓦斯流动的耦合模型,通过瓦斯抽采实例证明,瓦斯压力分布关于井心对称。
(3)通过试验研究煤块力学参数的统计分布规律,利用Weibull分布模拟煤的力学参数的非均质,建立考虑煤的非均质力学特性的概率模型,进而建立非均质煤的渗流应力耦合模型,通过瓦斯抽采实例证明,结果表明瓦斯压力,煤的有效应力和煤变形都呈现非对称性。
(4)研究煤层内随机裂隙的模拟方法,建立随机裂隙煤的概率表征模型,进而建立随机裂隙煤的渗流应力耦合模型,结果表明:与瓦斯抽采井连通的裂隙对瓦斯运移影响大于与抽采井不连通的裂隙。
(5)建立了非均质、随机裂隙煤的表征模型,给出了非均质随机裂隙虚拟煤体生成步骤,编制了相应的虚拟煤体生成程序。
(6)通过实验研究了煤的力学参数之间的关联规律,建立了考虑力学参数关联的非均质煤随机概率模型,结果表明该模型能很好的模拟非均质煤的非线性破坏过程。
Gas drainage not only solves environmental pollution and energy waste caused by gas discharge,but it also reduces coal seam methane content and eliminates danger of gas outburst or explosion. Coal body conceives a large amount of fracture and random cracks which can greatly affect and even control coal mechanicals and seepage property. The effect and control of coal anisotropic and its internal random crack on gas drainage requires numerical approach to analyze gas movement in coal bed, and must take anisotropic mechanical property and internal random crack spreading consideration. Only by this way, can calculating result provide engineering value. It is evident that scientific simulation on anisotropy coal reservoirs’mechanical property and random crack spreading is the key for theoretical research and engineering design of coal seam gas drainage’s numeral application
The article takes it as an aim to build a representation model of anisotropic and random cracking coal body. The research content as follows:
1. Build coupling model of coal deformation and gas movement through research of gas seepage property in coal.
2. Through research on statistic distribution principle of coal block’s mechanical index, build probability model concerning mechanical property by utilizing Weibull distribution to simulate anisotropy of coal’s mechanical index, consequently form anisotropic seep stress coupling model of coal considering the anisotropic coal.
3. Research simulating means of random crack in coal, and build probability representation model of random crack coal, furthermore, develop a seep stress coupling model of random crack coal.
4. Above all, setting up representation model of anisotropic an random crack coal,providing generating steps of anisotropic and random coal body, programming relative virtual coal body generation.
5. Set up random probability model of anisotropic coal concerning mechanical index relevance with experimental research on related principle of mechanical index in coal.
6. Discuss the peak post softening feature of coal and expansion,build peak post softening model of coal and expansion model with concern of confining pressure, and achieve the goal under FLAC.
(1)对煤的峰后软化特征和扩容行为进行了探讨,在已有研究基础上建立了考虑围压影响的煤峰后软化模型和扩容模型,并通过数值算例验证,结果表明此模型能反映围压对煤岩剪胀扩容行为。
(2)通过实验研究瓦斯在煤层内的渗流特征,得出对于“滑脱”效应不明显的煤在计算渗透率时优先采用Louis公式,由此建立了煤的变形和瓦斯流动的耦合模型,通过瓦斯抽采实例证明,瓦斯压力分布关于井心对称。
(3)通过试验研究煤块力学参数的统计分布规律,利用Weibull分布模拟煤的力学参数的非均质,建立考虑煤的非均质力学特性的概率模型,进而建立非均质煤的渗流应力耦合模型,通过瓦斯抽采实例证明,结果表明瓦斯压力,煤的有效应力和煤变形都呈现非对称性。
(4)研究煤层内随机裂隙的模拟方法,建立随机裂隙煤的概率表征模型,进而建立随机裂隙煤的渗流应力耦合模型,结果表明:与瓦斯抽采井连通的裂隙对瓦斯运移影响大于与抽采井不连通的裂隙。
(5)建立了非均质、随机裂隙煤的表征模型,给出了非均质随机裂隙虚拟煤体生成步骤,编制了相应的虚拟煤体生成程序。
(6)通过实验研究了煤的力学参数之间的关联规律,建立了考虑力学参数关联的非均质煤随机概率模型,结果表明该模型能很好的模拟非均质煤的非线性破坏过程。
Gas drainage not only solves environmental pollution and energy waste caused by gas discharge,but it also reduces coal seam methane content and eliminates danger of gas outburst or explosion. Coal body conceives a large amount of fracture and random cracks which can greatly affect and even control coal mechanicals and seepage property. The effect and control of coal anisotropic and its internal random crack on gas drainage requires numerical approach to analyze gas movement in coal bed, and must take anisotropic mechanical property and internal random crack spreading consideration. Only by this way, can calculating result provide engineering value. It is evident that scientific simulation on anisotropy coal reservoirs’mechanical property and random crack spreading is the key for theoretical research and engineering design of coal seam gas drainage’s numeral application
The article takes it as an aim to build a representation model of anisotropic and random cracking coal body. The research content as follows:
1. Build coupling model of coal deformation and gas movement through research of gas seepage property in coal.
2. Through research on statistic distribution principle of coal block’s mechanical index, build probability model concerning mechanical property by utilizing Weibull distribution to simulate anisotropy of coal’s mechanical index, consequently form anisotropic seep stress coupling model of coal considering the anisotropic coal.
3. Research simulating means of random crack in coal, and build probability representation model of random crack coal, furthermore, develop a seep stress coupling model of random crack coal.
4. Above all, setting up representation model of anisotropic an random crack coal,providing generating steps of anisotropic and random coal body, programming relative virtual coal body generation.
5. Set up random probability model of anisotropic coal concerning mechanical index relevance with experimental research on related principle of mechanical index in coal.
6. Discuss the peak post softening feature of coal and expansion,build peak post softening model of coal and expansion model with concern of confining pressure, and achieve the goal under FLAC.
引文
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