配筋砌块砌体柱抗压性能的试验与理论研究
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摘要
配筋砌块砌体柱已被纳入到2002版砌体结构设计规范,经过几年的应用,积累了很多经验,也发现存在一些问题：(1)配筋砌块砌体柱轴心受压承载力计算方法在引入时基本套用了无筋砌体的模式,试验数据仅作为验证性,缺乏理论依据；偏心受压承载力计算方法目前还没有给出；(2)规范对构件长细比限值的规定套用了国际标准(IS09652-3)长细比β=30的要求,没有考虑长短柱、细长柱的划分；(3)偏心率限值尚未明确,构造设计要求等也有待完善。2007年国家砌体结构设计规范修编组针对02版规范的修订,召开成立暨第一次工作会议,明确将上述问题列入规范修订重点及主要内容；为此,针对规范修订大纲及上述需解决的问题,本文做了如下主要工作：
(1)研究配筋砌块砌体短柱轴心受压性能。通过8组18根配筋砌块砌体柱的轴压试验,对其受力性能和破坏特征等进行了研究,对比分析了配筋率对柱抗压性能的影响,提出了最大配筋率限值建议值,并对改变孔洞内放置钢筋数量、缩小箍筋间距、改变箍筋摆放位置对配筋砌块砌体柱抗压性能的影响进行了研究。将柱极限承载力规范公式计算值与试验结果进行了对比分析,验证了规范计算式的准确性与适用性。
(2)研究配筋砌块砌体短柱偏心受压性能。通过5组13根配筋砌块砌体短柱的偏压试验,对其受力性能和破坏特征等进行了研究,对比分析了偏心率对柱抗压性能的影响,提出了最大偏心率限值建议值；并基于配筋砌体受压构件承载力计算方法的基本假定与模式,在试验研究和理论分析的基础上,通过引入偏心距影响系数建立了配筋砌块砌体短柱极限承载力计算式。
(3)研究配筋砌块砌体长柱偏心受压性能。通过8组16根配筋砌块砌体柱的偏压试验,对其受力性能和破坏特征等进行了研究,提出长短柱的划分界限,并基于配筋砌体受压构件承载力计算方法的基本假定与模式,在试验研究和理论分析的基础上,通过引入综合考虑长细比与偏心率影响的系数建立了配筋砌块砌体长柱极限承载力计算式；对轴向力产生的附加偏心距进行了计算分析,提出了附加偏心距计算式。
(4)对砌块砌体的本构关系进行了探讨与研究,评述了国内外现有砌体本构关系研究成果,在砌体结构较为成熟的本构关系模型基础上,结合试验结果,提出了适用于灌芯砌块砌体的本构关系计算式。应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对配筋砌块砌体长柱进行数值模拟,将试验数据与数值计算结果进行对比,验证了利用非线性有限元方法对配筋砌块砌体长柱进行数值模拟的正确性。
Reinforced concrete masonry column has been introduced in code for design of masonry structures (2002). It has very experienced for applying on the design of masonry structures, but it also has some problems which need to solve.(1) The calculation method of the ultimate load of axially loaded reinforced concrete masonry column is obtained by the test data, which lack theoretic basis;(2) According the international code (ISO9652-3), the maximal value of slenderness ratio is30in code not considering the division of long and short columns;(3) The maximal value of eccentricity ratio is not clear and structural design is also not perfect;(4) The calculation method of the ultimate bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete masonry column subjected to eccentric loading is not given. For revising the code for design of masonry structures (2002), national revising group of the code for the design of masonry structures has made the above problems as the main content for revising the code in the1st conference. In this paper, the above problems are investigated as follows:
(1) The pressure properties of reinforced concrete masonry short column subjected to axial loading is studied. Through the compressive performance test of eighteen reinforced concrete masonry columns under axial loading, their mechanical properties and failure pattern are analyzed. The influence of reinforcement ratio on the mechanic properties of the column is analyzed. The maximal value of reinforcement ratio is suggested. Three cases including the variational number of vertical steel bars, the reducing the spacing of stirrup, and the variational position of the stirrup, are studied respectively. Comparing the testing results with the calculating results of ultimate bearing capacity of the code, the application and validity of the calculating forma of the code are confirmed.
(2) The pressure properties of reinforced concrete masonry short column subjected to eccentric loading is studied. Through the compressive performance test of thirteen reinforced concrete masonry columns under eccentric loading, their mechanical properties and failure pattern are analyzed. The influence of eccentricity ratio on the mechanic properties of the column is analyzed. The maximal value of eccentricity ratio is suggested. And according to the compressive resistant formula and calculation assumption for reinforced masonry members, based on the test and analysis, the calculating formula of ultimate bearing capacity for reinforced concrete masonry short columns is derived by introducing the effect parameter of the eccentricity.
(3) The pressure properties of reinforced concrete masonry long column subjected to eccentric loading is studied. Through the compressive performance test of sixteen reinforced concrete masonry columns which with different height to thickness ratio under eccentric loading, their mechanical properties and failure pattern are analyzed. The division of long and short columns is presented. And according to the compressive resistant formula and calculation assumption for unreinforced masonry members, based on the test and analysis, the calculating formula of ultimate bearing capacity for reinforced concrete masonry columns is derived. The calculating formula of additional eccentricity is presented by analysis of additional eccentricity caused by axial force.
(4) Nonlinearity FEM analysis reinforced concrete masonry column is implemented by the ANSYS program. The reinforced concrete masonry long columns are simulated by using the ANSYS program. Validity of the simulating results is confirmed by comparing the testing results. In addition, the present strain-stress relations of masonry are reviewed. The calculating forma of strain-stress relations of grouting masonry is presented by combining the testing results with the present strain-stress relations.
(1)研究配筋砌块砌体短柱轴心受压性能。通过8组18根配筋砌块砌体柱的轴压试验,对其受力性能和破坏特征等进行了研究,对比分析了配筋率对柱抗压性能的影响,提出了最大配筋率限值建议值,并对改变孔洞内放置钢筋数量、缩小箍筋间距、改变箍筋摆放位置对配筋砌块砌体柱抗压性能的影响进行了研究。将柱极限承载力规范公式计算值与试验结果进行了对比分析,验证了规范计算式的准确性与适用性。
(2)研究配筋砌块砌体短柱偏心受压性能。通过5组13根配筋砌块砌体短柱的偏压试验,对其受力性能和破坏特征等进行了研究,对比分析了偏心率对柱抗压性能的影响,提出了最大偏心率限值建议值；并基于配筋砌体受压构件承载力计算方法的基本假定与模式,在试验研究和理论分析的基础上,通过引入偏心距影响系数建立了配筋砌块砌体短柱极限承载力计算式。
(3)研究配筋砌块砌体长柱偏心受压性能。通过8组16根配筋砌块砌体柱的偏压试验,对其受力性能和破坏特征等进行了研究,提出长短柱的划分界限,并基于配筋砌体受压构件承载力计算方法的基本假定与模式,在试验研究和理论分析的基础上,通过引入综合考虑长细比与偏心率影响的系数建立了配筋砌块砌体长柱极限承载力计算式；对轴向力产生的附加偏心距进行了计算分析,提出了附加偏心距计算式。
(4)对砌块砌体的本构关系进行了探讨与研究,评述了国内外现有砌体本构关系研究成果,在砌体结构较为成熟的本构关系模型基础上,结合试验结果,提出了适用于灌芯砌块砌体的本构关系计算式。应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对配筋砌块砌体长柱进行数值模拟,将试验数据与数值计算结果进行对比,验证了利用非线性有限元方法对配筋砌块砌体长柱进行数值模拟的正确性。
Reinforced concrete masonry column has been introduced in code for design of masonry structures (2002). It has very experienced for applying on the design of masonry structures, but it also has some problems which need to solve.(1) The calculation method of the ultimate load of axially loaded reinforced concrete masonry column is obtained by the test data, which lack theoretic basis;(2) According the international code (ISO9652-3), the maximal value of slenderness ratio is30in code not considering the division of long and short columns;(3) The maximal value of eccentricity ratio is not clear and structural design is also not perfect;(4) The calculation method of the ultimate bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete masonry column subjected to eccentric loading is not given. For revising the code for design of masonry structures (2002), national revising group of the code for the design of masonry structures has made the above problems as the main content for revising the code in the1st conference. In this paper, the above problems are investigated as follows:
(1) The pressure properties of reinforced concrete masonry short column subjected to axial loading is studied. Through the compressive performance test of eighteen reinforced concrete masonry columns under axial loading, their mechanical properties and failure pattern are analyzed. The influence of reinforcement ratio on the mechanic properties of the column is analyzed. The maximal value of reinforcement ratio is suggested. Three cases including the variational number of vertical steel bars, the reducing the spacing of stirrup, and the variational position of the stirrup, are studied respectively. Comparing the testing results with the calculating results of ultimate bearing capacity of the code, the application and validity of the calculating forma of the code are confirmed.
(2) The pressure properties of reinforced concrete masonry short column subjected to eccentric loading is studied. Through the compressive performance test of thirteen reinforced concrete masonry columns under eccentric loading, their mechanical properties and failure pattern are analyzed. The influence of eccentricity ratio on the mechanic properties of the column is analyzed. The maximal value of eccentricity ratio is suggested. And according to the compressive resistant formula and calculation assumption for reinforced masonry members, based on the test and analysis, the calculating formula of ultimate bearing capacity for reinforced concrete masonry short columns is derived by introducing the effect parameter of the eccentricity.
(3) The pressure properties of reinforced concrete masonry long column subjected to eccentric loading is studied. Through the compressive performance test of sixteen reinforced concrete masonry columns which with different height to thickness ratio under eccentric loading, their mechanical properties and failure pattern are analyzed. The division of long and short columns is presented. And according to the compressive resistant formula and calculation assumption for unreinforced masonry members, based on the test and analysis, the calculating formula of ultimate bearing capacity for reinforced concrete masonry columns is derived. The calculating formula of additional eccentricity is presented by analysis of additional eccentricity caused by axial force.
(4) Nonlinearity FEM analysis reinforced concrete masonry column is implemented by the ANSYS program. The reinforced concrete masonry long columns are simulated by using the ANSYS program. Validity of the simulating results is confirmed by comparing the testing results. In addition, the present strain-stress relations of masonry are reviewed. The calculating forma of strain-stress relations of grouting masonry is presented by combining the testing results with the present strain-stress relations.
引文
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