光电对抗中的激光大气传输仿真研究
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摘要
光电对抗装备易受到大气衰减效应、大气湍流效应、热晕效应等影响而导致性能下降，要定量评价大气状况对光电对抗工程应用的影响，需要根据系统结构建立相应模型，数值仿真模拟各种大气条件下光电对抗装备的性能。
本文以光电对抗中的激光大气传输为核心，通过理论建模和数值仿真，模拟符合实际场景的光电对抗激光工程应用。论文主要分为两大部分，第一部分是针对“猫眼”合作目标的折叠光路激光大气传输建模仿真及实例分析；第二部分是以环形光束为主的高能激光大气传输建模仿真及实例分析。取得的主要研究成果如下：
针对“猫眼”目标建立折叠光路激光大气传输仿真模型。利用Collins衍射积分方程研究大气湍流畸变光场经过“猫眼”系统的回波特性，根据激光和大气条件分别对正向传输和逆向传输进行仿真模拟。分析结果表明随着湍流强度的增加，“猫眼”目标处光斑能量分散导致回波接收概率降低，并且“猫眼”目标位置也对回波接收概率产生影响。在此基础上开发了一套折叠光路激光大气传输模拟仿真软件，为大气激光工程应用提供指导和参考。
建立环形光束大气传输模型，仿真分析非稳腔输出的环形光束远场传输特性、大气湍流效应、热晕效应以及湍流热晕综合效应。分析结果表明脉冲高能环形光束受热晕影响极小；当传输距离大于特征距离时，连续高能环形光束热晕效应类似高斯光束；当传播距离小于特征距离时，其热晕效应与高斯光束不同。针对非稳腔输出的环形光束开发了一套高能激光大气传输模拟仿真软件，从激光光束质量、大气通道条件等方面评估高能激光的作用效果。
分别对折叠光路模型和高能激光大气传输模型进行实例分析：针对零差激光测振目标识别系统提出大气湍流状态下振动信号解调算法；针对非相干合成技术提出了基于自适应光学元件的光纤激光器非相干合成方案，并对系统关键参数进行分析。
开展了近地水平外场激光传输实验，并对实验数据进行统计分析。
The optoelectronic countermeasures equipment are susceptible to atmosphericattenuation effects, atmospheric turbulence effects, thermal blooming effects and resultin performance degradation. In order to evaluate the impact of atmospheric conditionson the engineering applications of optoelectronic countermeasures quantitatively, thesimulation model according to the system structure on the performance ofoptoelectronic countermeasures equipment under various atmospheric conditions mustbe established.
In this dissertation, based on the laser propagation through the atmosphere inoptoelectronic countermeasures, laser engineering applications in optoelectroniccountermeasures accord with the actual scene were modeled theoretically and simulated.The contents can be mainly divided into two parts. The first part is the modeling andsimulation about the folded optical path of laser propagation in atmosphere. Thereflection model in the optical path is cat's eye cooperative target and some otherexamples are analyzed. The second part is the modeling and simulation abouthigh-energy laser (HEL) propagation in the atmosphere. The main beam types of HELare annular beams and some other examples are analyzed. The main research resultscould be summarized as follows.
A simulation model about the folded optical path of laser propagation inatmosphere with cat's eye reflection model has been developed. The echo characteristicsof distorted optical field caused by atmospheric turbulence propagation through cat'seye system have been studied by means of Collins diffraction integral equations. Theforward propagation and reverse propagation were also simulated according to the laserand atmospheric conditions. The results show that the echo probability is reduced withthe increase of turbulence intensity because of the spot energy dispersion at the cat's eyetarget, and the echo probability is also influenced by the cat's eye location. A simulationsoftware about folded optical path of laser propagation in atmosphere was developed onthis basis. These results provide guidance and reference for atmospheric laserengineering applications.
A simulation model about the annular beam propagation in atmosphere has beendeveloped. Propagation properties, atmospheric turbulence effects, thermal bloomingeffect and combined effect of both about annular beams from unstable resonator havebeen simulated and analyzed. The results show that the thermal blooming has littleeffect on pulse high-energy annular beam. For continuous high-energy annular beamwhen the propagation distance is greater than the characteristic distance, the thermalblooming effect is similar to the gaussian beam. When the propagation distance is lessthan the characteristic distance, the thermal blooming effect is different from thegaussian beam. A simulation software about HEL propagation in atmosphere has beendeveloped. The effect of the annular beams from unstable resonator has been evaluatedfrom the beam quality and atmospheric channel conditions.
Some examples of folded optical path model and HEL propagation in atmospherewere analyzed respectively. The algorithm of vibration signal demodulation underatmospheric turbulence state for homodyne laser vibrometer target identification systemwas proposed. An incoherent combining scheme of high-power fiber lasers based onadaptive optics components was proposed and the key parameters has been analyzed.
The field experiments of laser horizontal propagation in atmospheric near groundhave been carried out and the experimental datas have been analyzed statistically.
本文以光电对抗中的激光大气传输为核心，通过理论建模和数值仿真，模拟符合实际场景的光电对抗激光工程应用。论文主要分为两大部分，第一部分是针对“猫眼”合作目标的折叠光路激光大气传输建模仿真及实例分析；第二部分是以环形光束为主的高能激光大气传输建模仿真及实例分析。取得的主要研究成果如下：
针对“猫眼”目标建立折叠光路激光大气传输仿真模型。利用Collins衍射积分方程研究大气湍流畸变光场经过“猫眼”系统的回波特性，根据激光和大气条件分别对正向传输和逆向传输进行仿真模拟。分析结果表明随着湍流强度的增加，“猫眼”目标处光斑能量分散导致回波接收概率降低，并且“猫眼”目标位置也对回波接收概率产生影响。在此基础上开发了一套折叠光路激光大气传输模拟仿真软件，为大气激光工程应用提供指导和参考。
建立环形光束大气传输模型，仿真分析非稳腔输出的环形光束远场传输特性、大气湍流效应、热晕效应以及湍流热晕综合效应。分析结果表明脉冲高能环形光束受热晕影响极小；当传输距离大于特征距离时，连续高能环形光束热晕效应类似高斯光束；当传播距离小于特征距离时，其热晕效应与高斯光束不同。针对非稳腔输出的环形光束开发了一套高能激光大气传输模拟仿真软件，从激光光束质量、大气通道条件等方面评估高能激光的作用效果。
分别对折叠光路模型和高能激光大气传输模型进行实例分析：针对零差激光测振目标识别系统提出大气湍流状态下振动信号解调算法；针对非相干合成技术提出了基于自适应光学元件的光纤激光器非相干合成方案，并对系统关键参数进行分析。
开展了近地水平外场激光传输实验，并对实验数据进行统计分析。
The optoelectronic countermeasures equipment are susceptible to atmosphericattenuation effects, atmospheric turbulence effects, thermal blooming effects and resultin performance degradation. In order to evaluate the impact of atmospheric conditionson the engineering applications of optoelectronic countermeasures quantitatively, thesimulation model according to the system structure on the performance ofoptoelectronic countermeasures equipment under various atmospheric conditions mustbe established.
In this dissertation, based on the laser propagation through the atmosphere inoptoelectronic countermeasures, laser engineering applications in optoelectroniccountermeasures accord with the actual scene were modeled theoretically and simulated.The contents can be mainly divided into two parts. The first part is the modeling andsimulation about the folded optical path of laser propagation in atmosphere. Thereflection model in the optical path is cat's eye cooperative target and some otherexamples are analyzed. The second part is the modeling and simulation abouthigh-energy laser (HEL) propagation in the atmosphere. The main beam types of HELare annular beams and some other examples are analyzed. The main research resultscould be summarized as follows.
A simulation model about the folded optical path of laser propagation inatmosphere with cat's eye reflection model has been developed. The echo characteristicsof distorted optical field caused by atmospheric turbulence propagation through cat'seye system have been studied by means of Collins diffraction integral equations. Theforward propagation and reverse propagation were also simulated according to the laserand atmospheric conditions. The results show that the echo probability is reduced withthe increase of turbulence intensity because of the spot energy dispersion at the cat's eyetarget, and the echo probability is also influenced by the cat's eye location. A simulationsoftware about folded optical path of laser propagation in atmosphere was developed onthis basis. These results provide guidance and reference for atmospheric laserengineering applications.
A simulation model about the annular beam propagation in atmosphere has beendeveloped. Propagation properties, atmospheric turbulence effects, thermal bloomingeffect and combined effect of both about annular beams from unstable resonator havebeen simulated and analyzed. The results show that the thermal blooming has littleeffect on pulse high-energy annular beam. For continuous high-energy annular beamwhen the propagation distance is greater than the characteristic distance, the thermalblooming effect is similar to the gaussian beam. When the propagation distance is lessthan the characteristic distance, the thermal blooming effect is different from thegaussian beam. A simulation software about HEL propagation in atmosphere has beendeveloped. The effect of the annular beams from unstable resonator has been evaluatedfrom the beam quality and atmospheric channel conditions.
Some examples of folded optical path model and HEL propagation in atmospherewere analyzed respectively. The algorithm of vibration signal demodulation underatmospheric turbulence state for homodyne laser vibrometer target identification systemwas proposed. An incoherent combining scheme of high-power fiber lasers based onadaptive optics components was proposed and the key parameters has been analyzed.
The field experiments of laser horizontal propagation in atmospheric near groundhave been carried out and the experimental datas have been analyzed statistically.
引文
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