大庆地区农村住宅热环境及节能技术研究
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摘要
建筑能耗在世界能源消耗中占有较大比例,目前主要发达国家的建筑能耗已占社会总能耗的三分之一以上,我国建筑能耗所占比例也已经接近28%,而该比例的构成主要为城市的建筑消耗。随着我国新农村建设规模的扩大,以及农村居民生活水平的普遍提高,农村居民对居住环境质量提出了更高的要求,今后农村的建筑能耗占我国能源消耗的比例将会有所提升。因此,如何在新农村建筑规模扩大化的前提下维持或降低农村住宅的建筑能源消耗已经成为我国新农村建设所面临的紧迫问题。提高室内热环境质量是农村居民最基本的生活需求,开展建筑节能技术研究是降低建筑能源消耗的基础。如何在提高室内热环境舒适度的同时有效地控制建筑能耗,是今后农村住宅改造及实现可持续发展战略需要面临的关键问题。
影响农村住宅室内热环境的因素较多,本文结合大庆地区农村住宅围护结构和气候的特点,对围护结构和冬季采暖方式等主要影响因素进行分析,为当地新农村建设中住宅围护结构节能和热环境改造提供依据。本文建立了大庆地区农村住宅围护结构的非稳态传热计算模型,给出当地1月份的室外综合温度,并分析在室外综合温度作用下墙体材料、屋面坡度及窗墙比对围护结构传热过程的影响特性。在此基础上,考虑当地住宅和气候特点,建立大庆地区农村住宅的室内热环境模型,利用FLUENT软件分析不同采暖条件下室内热环境情况。根据围护结构传热特性和室内热环境特点,提出了农村住宅改造的措施,并采用模拟方法计算出改造前后住宅的围护结构传热量,计算结果表明改造较为有效,取得较好的节能减排效果。
通过数值模拟分析围护结构对室内热环境的影响,为今后农村住宅围护结构节能技术改造提供依据,同时本文所做研究对大庆地区农村住宅的设计具有一定指导意义。
Building energy consumption in the entire community plays a significant proportion of energy consumption. At the present stage, the main building energy consumption in developed countries have accounted for more than one-third of total energy consumption society, while in our country this proportion is close to 28% which is major energy consumption from the city buildings. With the development of China's new rural economy and the improvement of living standards, rural residents require a higher quality of living environment. Therefore, the proportion of building energy comsumpion in the countryside will increase in the future. Therefore, how to maintain and reduce rural residential building energy consumption in the new rural construction scale enlargement has become the pressing problem in China's new countryside construction. Improve indoor thermal environment quality is the demand of rural residents, and proceed the energy conservation technology research is major need to guarantee the indicator of building energy consumption. How to improve the indoor thermal environment of comfort, while effective in controlling energy consumption, the future of rural housing reconstruction and sustainable development strategies need to face a key problem.
Many factors influence rural residential indoor thermal environment. In this paper, based on the rural residential maintenance structure and climate characteristics of Daqing, we analyzed major influential factors in the construction of new countryside, including maintenance structure and winter heating mode. It provides the basis for local energy-saving residential maintenance structure transformation analysis and thermal environment. This article constructs the unsteady heat calculation model of rural residence maintenance structure in Daqing. The local outdoor January comprehensive temperature are given and numerical analysis the influence characteristics of maintenance structure in this condition that wall materials, slope roof and window wall heat transfer process. On this basis, established the indoor thermal environment analysis model of Daqing rural residence considering local residential and climate characteristic. Use the commercial software FLUENT6.3, analyzed different indoor thermal environment heating condition. According to the characteristics of maintenance structure heat transfer and indoor thermal environment, put forward the improvement measures of rural residence and analyzed the heat transfor capacity of the residence before and after reforming maintenance structure. The results showed that the transformation is better, achieved effect of energy saving and emission reduction is better.
By numerical simulation the coupling effects of indoor thermal environment in the maintenance structure, it provides the basis for the application of rural ecological architecture, green buildings in the future energy-saving technology of maintenance structure. Meanwhile, This paper does research on the transformation of the rural residential area of the cold envelope, effectively reduce building energy consumption in rural areas in the region has a certain significance.
影响农村住宅室内热环境的因素较多,本文结合大庆地区农村住宅围护结构和气候的特点,对围护结构和冬季采暖方式等主要影响因素进行分析,为当地新农村建设中住宅围护结构节能和热环境改造提供依据。本文建立了大庆地区农村住宅围护结构的非稳态传热计算模型,给出当地1月份的室外综合温度,并分析在室外综合温度作用下墙体材料、屋面坡度及窗墙比对围护结构传热过程的影响特性。在此基础上,考虑当地住宅和气候特点,建立大庆地区农村住宅的室内热环境模型,利用FLUENT软件分析不同采暖条件下室内热环境情况。根据围护结构传热特性和室内热环境特点,提出了农村住宅改造的措施,并采用模拟方法计算出改造前后住宅的围护结构传热量,计算结果表明改造较为有效,取得较好的节能减排效果。
通过数值模拟分析围护结构对室内热环境的影响,为今后农村住宅围护结构节能技术改造提供依据,同时本文所做研究对大庆地区农村住宅的设计具有一定指导意义。
Building energy consumption in the entire community plays a significant proportion of energy consumption. At the present stage, the main building energy consumption in developed countries have accounted for more than one-third of total energy consumption society, while in our country this proportion is close to 28% which is major energy consumption from the city buildings. With the development of China's new rural economy and the improvement of living standards, rural residents require a higher quality of living environment. Therefore, the proportion of building energy comsumpion in the countryside will increase in the future. Therefore, how to maintain and reduce rural residential building energy consumption in the new rural construction scale enlargement has become the pressing problem in China's new countryside construction. Improve indoor thermal environment quality is the demand of rural residents, and proceed the energy conservation technology research is major need to guarantee the indicator of building energy consumption. How to improve the indoor thermal environment of comfort, while effective in controlling energy consumption, the future of rural housing reconstruction and sustainable development strategies need to face a key problem.
Many factors influence rural residential indoor thermal environment. In this paper, based on the rural residential maintenance structure and climate characteristics of Daqing, we analyzed major influential factors in the construction of new countryside, including maintenance structure and winter heating mode. It provides the basis for local energy-saving residential maintenance structure transformation analysis and thermal environment. This article constructs the unsteady heat calculation model of rural residence maintenance structure in Daqing. The local outdoor January comprehensive temperature are given and numerical analysis the influence characteristics of maintenance structure in this condition that wall materials, slope roof and window wall heat transfer process. On this basis, established the indoor thermal environment analysis model of Daqing rural residence considering local residential and climate characteristic. Use the commercial software FLUENT6.3, analyzed different indoor thermal environment heating condition. According to the characteristics of maintenance structure heat transfer and indoor thermal environment, put forward the improvement measures of rural residence and analyzed the heat transfor capacity of the residence before and after reforming maintenance structure. The results showed that the transformation is better, achieved effect of energy saving and emission reduction is better.
By numerical simulation the coupling effects of indoor thermal environment in the maintenance structure, it provides the basis for the application of rural ecological architecture, green buildings in the future energy-saving technology of maintenance structure. Meanwhile, This paper does research on the transformation of the rural residential area of the cold envelope, effectively reduce building energy consumption in rural areas in the region has a certain significance.
引文
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