村镇住宅太阳能供热供暖系统标准化设计研究
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摘要
在十一五规划建设社会主义新农村大背景下,我国农村经济稳步发展,村镇住宅建设大规模增加,新建或改建住宅面积占到全国的一半以上。太阳能作为环保、节能的新能源,如果能够在广大的新农村建设中推广应用,将会带来很大的经济效益和环境效益。但是,长期以来,我国农村地区住宅设备规划、设计、使用混乱,与逐渐日益提高的生活水平相差甚远。针对此问题,国家将村镇住宅设备标准化设计技术与软件开发列为十一五国家科技支撑计划重点项目。开展对村镇住宅设备设计、应用技术的研究,形成村镇住宅设备设计、施工标准,为提高村镇住宅设备设计水平提供技术支持与参考。
本文研究的村镇太阳能供热采暖系统主要针对于严寒、寒冷及夏热冬冷地区的广大村镇住宅建筑。
本文首先归纳总结了村镇住宅的发展历史和特点,参考《民用建筑热工设计规范》(GB 50176-1993)和我国太阳能资源划分区域,在我国采暖地区选择7个代表地区及各地区典型新农村户型。
结合我国农村住宅建设的实际情况,建立了村镇住宅太阳能供热采暖模块化设计流程,主要包括:确定热水供应系统,供热负荷计算,集热系统的设计计算,供应系统设计,管道和选材,绘制施工图等六个模块。此外,作者按照建立的标准化设计方法对全国七个代表地区的典型建筑进行了案例设计与分析,为我国推广村镇太阳能供热采暖系统标准化设计提供了参考依据。
Under the background of building "new socialist countryside " In the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan ",China's economic has a steady development and towns' residential area has a massive increase that the new and renovated residential area accounts for more than half of the country. Solar energy as the new energy of environmental protection and energy conservation, if we can build in the vast rural areas to promote the new application will bring great economic and environmental benefits. However, the design of residential equipment, installation and use are very chaos, And gradually developed a far cry from the standard of living has affected the building of new socialist countryside. For this problem, the National "11th Five-Year Plan" Science and Technology key projects has carried out the research and software development to workout technical standards and raise the standard of design.
In this paper, rural solar heating system is mainly aimed at the majority of rural residential construction in frosty zone,cold regions and hot summer and cold winter regions.
This paper summarizes the history and development of rural residential characteristics,and refer to "civil thermal design"(GB 50176-1993) and solar energy resources in China by region, elected seven heating areas and select the region of typical form of new rural construction.
Then with the construction of the actual situation of rural housing, combing the town modular design of residential solar heating process which Include: identification of hot water supply system, heating load calculation, design and calculation of the collector system, supply system design, piping and material selection, construction plans drawn six modules. Finally, in accordance with the design process on behalf of the seven areas of the country makes the typical case design and analysis of buildings, providing design of the solar heating system for rural residential.
本文研究的村镇太阳能供热采暖系统主要针对于严寒、寒冷及夏热冬冷地区的广大村镇住宅建筑。
本文首先归纳总结了村镇住宅的发展历史和特点,参考《民用建筑热工设计规范》(GB 50176-1993)和我国太阳能资源划分区域,在我国采暖地区选择7个代表地区及各地区典型新农村户型。
结合我国农村住宅建设的实际情况,建立了村镇住宅太阳能供热采暖模块化设计流程,主要包括:确定热水供应系统,供热负荷计算,集热系统的设计计算,供应系统设计,管道和选材,绘制施工图等六个模块。此外,作者按照建立的标准化设计方法对全国七个代表地区的典型建筑进行了案例设计与分析,为我国推广村镇太阳能供热采暖系统标准化设计提供了参考依据。
Under the background of building "new socialist countryside " In the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan ",China's economic has a steady development and towns' residential area has a massive increase that the new and renovated residential area accounts for more than half of the country. Solar energy as the new energy of environmental protection and energy conservation, if we can build in the vast rural areas to promote the new application will bring great economic and environmental benefits. However, the design of residential equipment, installation and use are very chaos, And gradually developed a far cry from the standard of living has affected the building of new socialist countryside. For this problem, the National "11th Five-Year Plan" Science and Technology key projects has carried out the research and software development to workout technical standards and raise the standard of design.
In this paper, rural solar heating system is mainly aimed at the majority of rural residential construction in frosty zone,cold regions and hot summer and cold winter regions.
This paper summarizes the history and development of rural residential characteristics,and refer to "civil thermal design"(GB 50176-1993) and solar energy resources in China by region, elected seven heating areas and select the region of typical form of new rural construction.
Then with the construction of the actual situation of rural housing, combing the town modular design of residential solar heating process which Include: identification of hot water supply system, heating load calculation, design and calculation of the collector system, supply system design, piping and material selection, construction plans drawn six modules. Finally, in accordance with the design process on behalf of the seven areas of the country makes the typical case design and analysis of buildings, providing design of the solar heating system for rural residential.
引文
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[7]北京市新能源与可再生能源协会.北京地区太阳能采暖工程现状及分析[J].科学研究,万方数据库:2-7.
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[9]张小明.美国的太阳能住宅[J].中国房地信息.2005, 4:20-21.
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[15] G.N.Tiwari,H.P.GargM.S.Husain.TransientanalysisofParallelPIateforcedeircu1ation 5(1976):475-479.
[16]何季明.华北电力技术[J].2002(1):52-54.
[17]刘利.日本的太阳能住宅[J].苏南科技开发.2003,(10): 41.
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[19] Thomas Letz、Chris Bales、Bengt Perers. A new concept for combisystems characterization: The FSC method。Solar Energy16.2009.
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[21] M.S.Sodha,S.N.Shukla,G.N.Tiwari.Transient analysis of forCed circulation solar water Heating system.Energy Conversionand Management22,l(1982):55-62.
[22] M.S.Sodha,S.N.Shukla,V.Ranjan,GN.Tiwari.Transientan analysis of closed looP solar Water heating system.Enery Conversion and Management22,2(1982):155一161.
[23] G.N.Tiwari,V.S.V.Bapeshwara Rao,V Ranjan.Long term Performance of large scale Solar water heatingsy stems:Forced circulation mode.Energy Conversion and Management 24,I(1984):33一42.
[24] GN.Tiwari,H.P.Garg,M.S.Husain.Transient analysis of Parallel Piate forced eircu1ation Solar water heating system·Energy Conversion and Manament24,3(1984):171-175
[25] S.N.Shukla, G-N.Tiwari.Transient analysis of forced eirculation solar water heating system With collectorS in series.Energy Conversion and Management23,2(1983):77-82
[26] E.Torres-Reyes,J.J.Navarrece-Gonzalez,J.G.Cervantes-de Gortari.Thermal design and filed experiment of transparent honeycomb insulated integrated-collector-storage solar water heater .Applied Thermal Engineering 19(1999):145:161
[27] H.P.Garg,M.S.Husain,Transient analysis of parallel plate forced circulation solar water heating system..Energy coversion and management 24,3(1984):171-175.
[28] N.D.Kaushika,K.S.Reddy.Thermodynamic optimization as an effective toll to design solar heating systems.Energy 29(2004):2305-2315.
[29]熊安华.太阳能低温热水采暖系统在拉萨地区的应用研究[D].上海交通大学,硕士论文2008.
[30]代彦军,熊安华.拉萨地区某住宅太阳能热水采暖系统实验与分析[J].建设科技. 2008,123(10):49-54.
[31]齐政新、陆亚俊、石磊.太阳能地板采暖技术在新农村应用的探讨[J].农村能源,2001,4:8-10.
[32]郑瑞澄.太阳能低温热水地板辐射采暖[J].太阳能,2001,1:1-2.
[33]齐政新、陆亚俊、石磊.太阳能及其辅助热源低温地板辐射采暖的实验研究[J].节能技术,2001,4(19):2-4.
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[35]高金水.太阳能供热系统分析[D].天津大学,硕士论文,2005.
[36]张伟,朱家玲,苗常海.低温地板采暖与散热器采暖效果的对比分析[J].太阳能学报2006, 26(3) :304-306 .
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