基于GIS的内蒙古柳坝沟—哈达门沟金矿田及外围成矿预测
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摘要
哈达门沟金矿床是较早发现的石英-钾长石脉型金矿床,目前地质勘查取得重大进展,已形成了以哈达门沟为主,包括柳坝沟等在内的由多个中小型矿床(点)组成的金矿化集中区。
本文在收集整理该矿区地质资料的基础上,通过已探采矿区的三维数字矿床建模,更直观地掌握了矿床的地质特征,总结出各控矿因素与成矿的关系。主要包括地层、断裂构造、岩浆岩三个方面,其中地层体现出一定的成矿专属性,区内几乎所有的金矿脉都产出在乌拉山群第三岩组内;而分别展布在矿区西部和北部的大桦背和沙德盖岩体极有可能为该区热液活动提供了驱动力,此外,伟晶岩脉、辉绿岩脉等产出密集区也是矿脉产出的有利地段;构造方面,山前大断裂控制着成矿带的展布方向,作为区内主要的导矿构造,由其派生出的呈雁行式排布的裂隙是极其有利的成矿空间,尤其是近东西向的裂隙更有利于成矿物质的富集;宏观上看,区内的找矿信息包括蚀变分带、地球物理、地球化学等方面。其中伴随成矿作用在矿脉两侧大致形成的硅化—钾长石化和硅化—绢云母化—绿泥石化两个蚀变带极易识别;而由于成矿过程中金元素化学活动性及硅化,钾长石化与成矿的密切关系,导致矿脉趋向于在Au元素异常高值区及磁异常的低值区产出。
运用GIS强大的数据处理和分析功能提取找矿标志,通过分析该矿区的各类地学数据,选择相应的数据处理方法,提取出用于综合分析的地层、构造、岩浆岩、地球化学等因子图层,最终应用ARCGIS软件对其进行综合叠加分析,圈定了成矿有力地段。
综合各类地质、物化探找矿信息,完成了预测区域范围内的成矿有利度分布图,其中绝大部分异常区域与已知矿脉在空间上重叠或邻近,表明本次预测工作中所采用的找矿信息标志比较合理,基本上包括了各主要控矿因素。另外,距已知矿脉距离较远的6个找矿有利地段为下一步的区域找矿提供了良好的工作靶区。
Hadamengou gold deposit is early discovered quartz - feldspar vein-type gold deposits.Now ,significant progress was made in geological survey, gold clusters has been formed by a number of small deposits (points) ,Mainly to Hadamengou, including Liubagou, etc.
In this paper, creating the three-dimensional digital model of ore by compiling the geological data for showing the geological characteristics of deposits. more intuitive.Includes three aspects.of strata, faulted structure, igneous rocks As the area of the initial source of ore, almost all the gold veins are output in the Ural Group in the third rock group.The magmatic body of Dahuabei and Shadegai are also coarse-grained porphyritic rock of granite, respectively distribut in the mining area north and west.Analysis shows that the output of its veins is closely related in space, and it most likely provides the driving force of hydrothermal activity. The pegmatite veins in this area, diabase intensive areas such as production output is also beneficial to lots veins..Piedmont large faults control the direction of the metallogenic belt as the main mining structure,and derived by en echelon arrangement of the cracks is extremely beneficial to the forming space, especially in the EW The crack that more conducive to the enrichment of ore materials.On the view of macroscopic, the region information for mineral exploration including alteration zones, geophysics, geochemistry and so on.Mineralization in the veins which accompany the formation of two alteration zones that include silicification - K-feldspar alteration and silicification - sericite - chlorite alteration zones is easily identified; And because the process of gold mineralization activity of the chemical elements and the close relationship between silicification, K-feldspar of and the mineralization, the veins tend to be output in the area with abnormally high values in the Au element and low magnetic anomalies .
The first. by using data processing and analysis of the powerful features of GIS to analyze types of geoscience data this area. Second, select the corresponding data processing method for comprehensive analysis of the various factors used in layers. in end, conducting a comprehensive analysis base on ARCGIS software to restrict the favorable area for prospecting.
According to various geological, geophysical and geochemical prospecting information, it has complete a favorable distribution maps that consist of the forecast region .most of the abnormal area and the known veins overlap in space or near ,and from the other side indicate that the work of this forecast marks of prospecting information used is reasonable,basically includes all the major ore-controlling factors.In addition, it’s provide a good target for the next step in the regional exploration work of six the favorable area for prospecting that has a long distance from orefield.
本文在收集整理该矿区地质资料的基础上,通过已探采矿区的三维数字矿床建模,更直观地掌握了矿床的地质特征,总结出各控矿因素与成矿的关系。主要包括地层、断裂构造、岩浆岩三个方面,其中地层体现出一定的成矿专属性,区内几乎所有的金矿脉都产出在乌拉山群第三岩组内;而分别展布在矿区西部和北部的大桦背和沙德盖岩体极有可能为该区热液活动提供了驱动力,此外,伟晶岩脉、辉绿岩脉等产出密集区也是矿脉产出的有利地段;构造方面,山前大断裂控制着成矿带的展布方向,作为区内主要的导矿构造,由其派生出的呈雁行式排布的裂隙是极其有利的成矿空间,尤其是近东西向的裂隙更有利于成矿物质的富集;宏观上看,区内的找矿信息包括蚀变分带、地球物理、地球化学等方面。其中伴随成矿作用在矿脉两侧大致形成的硅化—钾长石化和硅化—绢云母化—绿泥石化两个蚀变带极易识别;而由于成矿过程中金元素化学活动性及硅化,钾长石化与成矿的密切关系,导致矿脉趋向于在Au元素异常高值区及磁异常的低值区产出。
运用GIS强大的数据处理和分析功能提取找矿标志,通过分析该矿区的各类地学数据,选择相应的数据处理方法,提取出用于综合分析的地层、构造、岩浆岩、地球化学等因子图层,最终应用ARCGIS软件对其进行综合叠加分析,圈定了成矿有力地段。
综合各类地质、物化探找矿信息,完成了预测区域范围内的成矿有利度分布图,其中绝大部分异常区域与已知矿脉在空间上重叠或邻近,表明本次预测工作中所采用的找矿信息标志比较合理,基本上包括了各主要控矿因素。另外,距已知矿脉距离较远的6个找矿有利地段为下一步的区域找矿提供了良好的工作靶区。
Hadamengou gold deposit is early discovered quartz - feldspar vein-type gold deposits.Now ,significant progress was made in geological survey, gold clusters has been formed by a number of small deposits (points) ,Mainly to Hadamengou, including Liubagou, etc.
In this paper, creating the three-dimensional digital model of ore by compiling the geological data for showing the geological characteristics of deposits. more intuitive.Includes three aspects.of strata, faulted structure, igneous rocks As the area of the initial source of ore, almost all the gold veins are output in the Ural Group in the third rock group.The magmatic body of Dahuabei and Shadegai are also coarse-grained porphyritic rock of granite, respectively distribut in the mining area north and west.Analysis shows that the output of its veins is closely related in space, and it most likely provides the driving force of hydrothermal activity. The pegmatite veins in this area, diabase intensive areas such as production output is also beneficial to lots veins..Piedmont large faults control the direction of the metallogenic belt as the main mining structure,and derived by en echelon arrangement of the cracks is extremely beneficial to the forming space, especially in the EW The crack that more conducive to the enrichment of ore materials.On the view of macroscopic, the region information for mineral exploration including alteration zones, geophysics, geochemistry and so on.Mineralization in the veins which accompany the formation of two alteration zones that include silicification - K-feldspar alteration and silicification - sericite - chlorite alteration zones is easily identified; And because the process of gold mineralization activity of the chemical elements and the close relationship between silicification, K-feldspar of and the mineralization, the veins tend to be output in the area with abnormally high values in the Au element and low magnetic anomalies .
The first. by using data processing and analysis of the powerful features of GIS to analyze types of geoscience data this area. Second, select the corresponding data processing method for comprehensive analysis of the various factors used in layers. in end, conducting a comprehensive analysis base on ARCGIS software to restrict the favorable area for prospecting.
According to various geological, geophysical and geochemical prospecting information, it has complete a favorable distribution maps that consist of the forecast region .most of the abnormal area and the known veins overlap in space or near ,and from the other side indicate that the work of this forecast marks of prospecting information used is reasonable,basically includes all the major ore-controlling factors.In addition, it’s provide a good target for the next step in the regional exploration work of six the favorable area for prospecting that has a long distance from orefield.
引文
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孙启祯.边缘成矿概论[M].北京:地质出版社,2001
孙启祯.试论边缘成矿[J].河南地质,1981,(4):68~79
翟裕生,姚书振,崔彬.成矿系列研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996
吕志刚,吴国学,王永祥.隐伏矿体预测研究[J].世界地质,2007,26(1):7~12
赵鹏大,池顺都,陈永清,1996.查明地质异常:成矿预测的基础.高校地质学报,2(4):361-373
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赵鹏大.“三联式”资源定量预测与评价(数字找矿理论与实践探讨)[J].地球科学,2002,27(5):482~489
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张维震,刘建芬.神经网络法在寻找“隐伏矿(盲矿)”中的应用机理探讨[J].地质与勘探,2003,39(2):56~60
陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2000
陈毓川.当代矿产资源勘查评价的理论与方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1999
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成秋明,陈志军,AliKhaled.模糊证据权方法在镇沅(老王寨)地区金矿资源评价中的应用[J].地球科学,2007,3(2):175~184
杜灵通.吕新彪.GIS在矿产资源评价中的应用[J].地质找矿论丛,2003,18(4):275~278.
高章红.大比例尺找矿预侧及GIS应用[J].安徽地质,2006,16(3):197~203
郝社峰,刘汉湖,杨武年.多元信息成矿预测模型分析及实例应用[J].江苏地质,2005,29(4):234~238
李随民,姚书振,郝华金等.ArcView平台中权重叠加模型法在资源预测中的应用——以陕西旬北铅锌矿富集区为例[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(4):11~14
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