石灰/机头灰混合型脱硫剂在烧结烟气脱硫试验中的应用研究
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摘要
本文以钢铁工业常用物料石灰和生产废料烧结机机头灰组成的混合型脱硫剂,在鞍钢建立的处理风量为5000 m~3/h的循环流化床脱硫装置上进行烧结烟气脱硫试验研究。首次将石灰/机头灰混合型脱硫剂引入钢铁企业烧结烟气循环流化床烟气脱硫系统,试验结果表明,烧结烟气SO_2浓度100～1500mg/m~3,烟气量4150～5000m~3/h,烟气温度在80～188℃的条件下,采用循环流化床方法脱硫,烟气采用喷雾增湿,烟气含湿量控制在3.5～4%,可以取得>90%的脱硫效率,说明生石灰/机头灰混合型脱硫剂是适于烧结烟气CFBA脱硫系统的脱硫剂。
在对石灰和机头灰组成的混合型脱硫剂的配比试验的研究中,确定石灰与机头灰的配比按B_1、B_2、B_3、B_4(质量比)进行脱硫剂配比试验,研究结果表明,石灰与机头灰的质量配比B_3的脱硫剂钙利用率较高,并具有相对较好的经济性。
本文从机头灰的物理性质着手,结合电镜图片,分析了机头灰作为添加剂的脱硫机理。由于机头灰的主要成分是FeO、Fe_2O_3,使其在脱硫反应中起到了很好的催化氧化作用,以氧化铁为核心形成的活化中心,起到了很好的改变石灰颗粒表层产物堆积方式的活化作用。而且试验数据也显示了机头灰作为一种添加剂较粉煤灰具有明显的优势。
通过喷雾增湿试验,床重试验,床速试验,粒径分布试验,提出了石灰/机头灰混合型脱硫剂的运行参数。
A research was carried out on the desulfurization reagent made by lime that is common used in steel corporation and sinter ash produced by steel corporation's procreant scrap, and a trial about the capability of the desulfurization reagent on the Ore sintering flue gas was done in the Angang's Circulating fluidized bed absorber tester which can dispose flue gas of 5000 m3/h. In this trial, the desulfurization reagent made by lime and sinter ash was used in the ore sintering flue gas desulftirization in circulating fluidized bed absorber at first. The result of test showed that when the ore sintering flue gas SO2 of 100~1500mg/m3, flue gas 4150~5000m3/h, temperature 80-188 ℃, the circulating fluidized bed was used to desulfurize. Through spraying to increase the flue gas humidity to reach 3.5-4%, the desulfurization efficiency can reach 90% upwards. So the desulfurization reagent made by lime and sinter ash is fit for the desulfurization system of the circulating fluidized bed.In the tests of the best quality proportion, four kinds of quality proportion which was 2:1,1:1,1:2,1:3 were be done. The result indicated that, when the desulfurization reagent Ca using ratio and economy of material were better.The main element of sinter ash are FeO、Fe2O3, so sinter ash plays the better role of catalyze and oxidation. The activation center around Fe2O3 change the accumulative fashion of lime grains blanket produce. The testing data show that sinter ash has the more advantage than pulverized coal ash as a kind of additive.The article researched the desulfurization reagent optimum burden test, increasing flue gas humidity test by steam, bed speed test and the desulfurization reagent particle diameter distributing analysis. The more convenient running parameter of desulfurization reagent was determined.
在对石灰和机头灰组成的混合型脱硫剂的配比试验的研究中,确定石灰与机头灰的配比按B_1、B_2、B_3、B_4(质量比)进行脱硫剂配比试验,研究结果表明,石灰与机头灰的质量配比B_3的脱硫剂钙利用率较高,并具有相对较好的经济性。
本文从机头灰的物理性质着手,结合电镜图片,分析了机头灰作为添加剂的脱硫机理。由于机头灰的主要成分是FeO、Fe_2O_3,使其在脱硫反应中起到了很好的催化氧化作用,以氧化铁为核心形成的活化中心,起到了很好的改变石灰颗粒表层产物堆积方式的活化作用。而且试验数据也显示了机头灰作为一种添加剂较粉煤灰具有明显的优势。
通过喷雾增湿试验,床重试验,床速试验,粒径分布试验,提出了石灰/机头灰混合型脱硫剂的运行参数。
A research was carried out on the desulfurization reagent made by lime that is common used in steel corporation and sinter ash produced by steel corporation's procreant scrap, and a trial about the capability of the desulfurization reagent on the Ore sintering flue gas was done in the Angang's Circulating fluidized bed absorber tester which can dispose flue gas of 5000 m3/h. In this trial, the desulfurization reagent made by lime and sinter ash was used in the ore sintering flue gas desulftirization in circulating fluidized bed absorber at first. The result of test showed that when the ore sintering flue gas SO2 of 100~1500mg/m3, flue gas 4150~5000m3/h, temperature 80-188 ℃, the circulating fluidized bed was used to desulfurize. Through spraying to increase the flue gas humidity to reach 3.5-4%, the desulfurization efficiency can reach 90% upwards. So the desulfurization reagent made by lime and sinter ash is fit for the desulfurization system of the circulating fluidized bed.In the tests of the best quality proportion, four kinds of quality proportion which was 2:1,1:1,1:2,1:3 were be done. The result indicated that, when the desulfurization reagent Ca using ratio and economy of material were better.The main element of sinter ash are FeO、Fe2O3, so sinter ash plays the better role of catalyze and oxidation. The activation center around Fe2O3 change the accumulative fashion of lime grains blanket produce. The testing data show that sinter ash has the more advantage than pulverized coal ash as a kind of additive.The article researched the desulfurization reagent optimum burden test, increasing flue gas humidity test by steam, bed speed test and the desulfurization reagent particle diameter distributing analysis. The more convenient running parameter of desulfurization reagent was determined.
引文
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[3] 国家环境保护总局,2002年中国环境状况公报;
[4] 刘志全,宋秀杰:我国城市大气污染控制技术设备的产业化[J],环境保护,1999,(9):12～13;
[5] 张承中,黄学敏,刘立忠:环境工程学(空气污染控制篇),陕西:西安建大,2003.8;
[6] 宋汉武:当代火电厂脱硫工艺概述,发电设备,1998年第一期;
[7] 钟秦:燃煤烟气脱硫脱硝技术及工程实例,化学工业出版社,2002;
[8] R. E. Gra, 1000 hours commercial operating experience with advanced design reflux circulating fluid bed scrubbing employing slaked lime reagent. EPRI/EPA/DOE SO_2 control symposium, march 28-31, 1995, Miami, Florida, USA;
[9] Graf, R., Riley, J. D.: Dry/semi dry flue gas desulfurization using the LURGI circulating fluid bed absorption process. Lecture at the EPA/EPRI fourth symposium on flue gas desulphurization in Atlanta, Georgia from 18th to21th November, 1986;
[10] 张承中,党筱凤,严秉勤:循环流化床烧结烟气脱硫热态模拟试验研究,西安建筑科技大学学报,1997,9,第3期;
[11] 刘颖昊.:循环流化床烧结烟气脱硫半工业性试验研究[硕士学位论文],西安建筑科技大学,1999;
[12] 金涌,祝京旭,汪展文,俞芷青.:流态化工程原理.,北京,清华大学出版社,2001,8;
[13] Rgraf. 70000 hours of commercial operating experience with advanced-design, reflux circulating fluid bed flue gas desulfurization[A]. Proceedings Air & Waste Management association's 90th Annual Meeting & exhibition[C]. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, June 8-13, 1997;
[14] 唐庆:排烟增湿脱硫活化反应器内液滴—脱硫剂颗粒碰撞的数值模拟;
[15] Takeshita M. et al. FGD performance and experience on coal-fired plants. London;IEA coal Research, 1993:35-38;
[16] 贝加.尼汉宁.坚生,彼得·波·奥生.:采用FLS式气悬吸收剂半干法吸收装置的高效脱硫技术.国际电力环境保护学术研讨会论文集.,1996.10;
[17] 张凤兰,程岩.:小龙潭发电厂烟气循环流化床脱硫工程评述.,电力环境保护,19(1):22-24.2003;
[18] 吴必科,李云峰,曹宇飞.:内回流循环流化床烟气脱硫运行特性分析,中国电力,36(8):55-58.2003;
[19] 谢建军,钟秦:循环流化床烟气脱硫实验研究.,南京理工大学学报,25(6).2002;
[20] 赵旭东,吴少华,等:循环流化床烟气悬浮脱硫技术中试及机理分析,环境科学,23(2):109-112.2002;
[21] 樊保国,等:循环流化床烟气脱硫机理研究,环境科学,19(3):14-17.1998;
[22] 赵旭东,等:75t/h锅炉双循环流化床烟气脱硫装置研制及应用,中国电力,35(3):62-65.2002;
[23] 高翔,骆仲泱,陈亚非等:钙基吸收剂脱硫反应特性的研究,燃烧科学与技术,1998,4(4):369～373.
[24] Kunio Kato, etal. Effective dry desulfurization by a powder particle kluidized bed, Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 1994, 27(3), P276;
[25] 薛建明,马果骏:欧洲三种烟气循环流化床脱硫技术及经济分析,中国环保产业CEPI.1:36-38.2003;
[26] 肖文德,吴志泉:二氧化硫去除与回收[M],化学工业出版社,2001;
[27] 张蕴璧:流态化选论,西安,西北大学出版社,1989;
[28] Hiroaki Tsuchiai, Highly active absorbents for SO_2 removal prepared from coal fly ash, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.. 34: 1404-1411. 1995;
[29] 项光明等:烟气脱硫技术的研发进展,中国煤炭,2002,28(2):39-42;
[30] 宗润宽,苏艳霞,田天,等:钙基烟气脱硫剂制备的实验研究,环境污染治理技术与设备,2(2):25-30.2001;
[31] Ahlbeek J R. On Sorbent Activation in Coolside Desulfurization. J. Air. Waste Manage.Assoc.,1990,40(3):345～351;
[32] Scala, F., Salation, P., Boerefijn, R., Ghadiri, M., Attrition of sorbents during the fluidized bed calcination and sulphation, Powder Technol. 107-153. 2000;
[33] 黄震,等:首套国产循环流化床烟气脱硫装置投入运行,建筑热能通风空调,(1),56～58.2001;
[34] 米浩林,马果骏:回流式烟气循环流化床脱硫技术,热力发电,2:57-59.1998;
[35] 徐贤忠:高效回流式循环流化床烟气脱硫及除尘技术,国际电力,6(2):60-63.2002;
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