生态工业园风险识别与废弃物交换价格研究
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摘要
工业为人类提供了丰富的产品与服务,与此同时却带来了资源短缺、环境恶化、生态危机等全球性问题。生态工业园区是人类探索工业系统与资源、环境、社会系统之间的协调,实现可持续发展的一条重要途径。它能够实现资源的高效利用与废弃物的资源化利用,鼓励减少有毒有害物质的使用,从源头上降低工业给环境带来的危害等。随着生态工业园的建设与运营实践的深入,其面临着诸多问题需要解决,本文主要针对生态工业园的风险识别,CO_2再循环利用与废弃物交换价格的制定等问题进行了创新性研究。
1)提出了基于HHM(Hierarchical Holographic Modeling,层次全息模型)的生态工业园风险识别与筛选方法,主要针对生态工业园风险特征的复杂性,运用层次全息建模全面分析生态工业园在利益相关者、损失类型、生命周期阶段、时间维度、结构关系以及不可抗拒因素等众多方面的风险情景,并从情景初步筛选、双重标准筛选与评级、多重标准评估、定量化评级四个步骤对众多风险情景进行筛选;该方法能够帮助生态工业园决策者全面分析其面临的众多风险情景,并通过筛选,能够把他们的有限的物力、财力、人力等投入到需要重点防范的风险中去。
2)进行了生态工业园CO_2再循环利用研究。首先分析了我国工业领域碳排放现状与CO_2减排途径的总体框架;然后运用循环经济的3R原则,分析生态工业园的CO_2在减量化、再利用与再循环途径中可选的措施,帮助它们选择合适的减排方式;随后分析了利用CO_2培育微藻制造生物柴油的意义、优势,并描述微藻制备生物柴油的技术路线、能源消耗和碳测算。
3)构建了生态工业园废弃物交换价格制定模型。首先分析了我国工业废弃物的现状和主要的处理方式,然后分析废弃物交换的流程以及交换价格的主要影响因素,包括废弃物的性质、废弃物处理成本、替代原材料价格、投资成本、投资收益、政策等;随后根据这些影响因素制定了价格制定模型,并对模型进行求解,最后通过算例阐述模型的应用。该模型能够帮助生态工业园制定废弃物交换价格,实现园区整体的收益最大化,提高园区的经济、社会与环境效益。
Industry provides many kinds of products and services for human being, but at the same time, it also takes with resources shortage, environmental degradation, ecological crisis and other global issues. Eco-industrial park is an important way to balance industrial systems with resources system, environmental system and social system to achieve sustainable development. which can use resource with high efficience, reuse the waste, encourage the reduced usage of toxic and hazardous substances, and reduce the harm impact to environment by industry. with the further development of Eco-industrial park construction and operational practices , they faces many problems needed to be solved. This article focuses on risk identification, CO_2 reuse and waste exchange price with innovative research.
A risk identification and screening method for Eco-industrial park based on HHM (Hierarchical Holographic Modeling) was proposed to mainly deal with the complex features of the risk characteristics of Eco-industrial park. Six aspects of risk scenarios of Eco-industrial park were analyst form stakeholders, types of loss, life cycle stage, time dimension, structure relationship and Irresistible factors, and risk screening by four steps of Preliminary filtration, filtration and evaluation with double standards, multiple criteria evaluation, and quantitative rating based on the Bayesian formula. This method can help decision makers using the limited resources, energy and manpower to focus on the prevention of key risks.
Reusing of CO_2 in Eco-Industrial Park was also discussed. Firstly, current situation of China's industrial carbon emissions was analyzed and a overall framework of CO_2 emissions reduction was proposed. Then, 3R principles of circular economy was used to analyze the CO_2 reduction ways in the reduction, reuse and recycling pathways to help it to choice appropriate reduction methods; At last, significance and advantages of using CO_2 to produce micro-algae was described, and technology route, energy consumption and carbon estimates of using micro-algae to produce bio-diesel were discussed
A pricing model of waste exchange in Eco-industrial park was built. Firstly, the status of China's industrial waste and the main dealing approach was analyzed, and then, the waste exchange processes and the main factors of exchange price were discussed, which including the nature of waste, cost of waste disposal, prices of alternative raw material, investment costs, investment income, policy, etc. A pricing model was proposed based on this main factors, and model solution was also discussed. At last, the application of this model was illustrated by a numerical example. This model can help to develop a waste exchange price for Eco-industrial park to achieve the maximize revenue and improve economic, social and environmental benefits.
1)提出了基于HHM(Hierarchical Holographic Modeling,层次全息模型)的生态工业园风险识别与筛选方法,主要针对生态工业园风险特征的复杂性,运用层次全息建模全面分析生态工业园在利益相关者、损失类型、生命周期阶段、时间维度、结构关系以及不可抗拒因素等众多方面的风险情景,并从情景初步筛选、双重标准筛选与评级、多重标准评估、定量化评级四个步骤对众多风险情景进行筛选;该方法能够帮助生态工业园决策者全面分析其面临的众多风险情景,并通过筛选,能够把他们的有限的物力、财力、人力等投入到需要重点防范的风险中去。
2)进行了生态工业园CO_2再循环利用研究。首先分析了我国工业领域碳排放现状与CO_2减排途径的总体框架;然后运用循环经济的3R原则,分析生态工业园的CO_2在减量化、再利用与再循环途径中可选的措施,帮助它们选择合适的减排方式;随后分析了利用CO_2培育微藻制造生物柴油的意义、优势,并描述微藻制备生物柴油的技术路线、能源消耗和碳测算。
3)构建了生态工业园废弃物交换价格制定模型。首先分析了我国工业废弃物的现状和主要的处理方式,然后分析废弃物交换的流程以及交换价格的主要影响因素,包括废弃物的性质、废弃物处理成本、替代原材料价格、投资成本、投资收益、政策等;随后根据这些影响因素制定了价格制定模型,并对模型进行求解,最后通过算例阐述模型的应用。该模型能够帮助生态工业园制定废弃物交换价格,实现园区整体的收益最大化,提高园区的经济、社会与环境效益。
Industry provides many kinds of products and services for human being, but at the same time, it also takes with resources shortage, environmental degradation, ecological crisis and other global issues. Eco-industrial park is an important way to balance industrial systems with resources system, environmental system and social system to achieve sustainable development. which can use resource with high efficience, reuse the waste, encourage the reduced usage of toxic and hazardous substances, and reduce the harm impact to environment by industry. with the further development of Eco-industrial park construction and operational practices , they faces many problems needed to be solved. This article focuses on risk identification, CO_2 reuse and waste exchange price with innovative research.
A risk identification and screening method for Eco-industrial park based on HHM (Hierarchical Holographic Modeling) was proposed to mainly deal with the complex features of the risk characteristics of Eco-industrial park. Six aspects of risk scenarios of Eco-industrial park were analyst form stakeholders, types of loss, life cycle stage, time dimension, structure relationship and Irresistible factors, and risk screening by four steps of Preliminary filtration, filtration and evaluation with double standards, multiple criteria evaluation, and quantitative rating based on the Bayesian formula. This method can help decision makers using the limited resources, energy and manpower to focus on the prevention of key risks.
Reusing of CO_2 in Eco-Industrial Park was also discussed. Firstly, current situation of China's industrial carbon emissions was analyzed and a overall framework of CO_2 emissions reduction was proposed. Then, 3R principles of circular economy was used to analyze the CO_2 reduction ways in the reduction, reuse and recycling pathways to help it to choice appropriate reduction methods; At last, significance and advantages of using CO_2 to produce micro-algae was described, and technology route, energy consumption and carbon estimates of using micro-algae to produce bio-diesel were discussed
A pricing model of waste exchange in Eco-industrial park was built. Firstly, the status of China's industrial waste and the main dealing approach was analyzed, and then, the waste exchange processes and the main factors of exchange price were discussed, which including the nature of waste, cost of waste disposal, prices of alternative raw material, investment costs, investment income, policy, etc. A pricing model was proposed based on this main factors, and model solution was also discussed. At last, the application of this model was illustrated by a numerical example. This model can help to develop a waste exchange price for Eco-industrial park to achieve the maximize revenue and improve economic, social and environmental benefits.
引文
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