面向多元利益主体的公共项目BOE模式研究
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摘要
由于公共项目的地位和作用日益重要,而其管理却不尽人意,使得公共项目相关问题的研究与管理日益受到社会与公众的密切关注。现代公共项目的动态性特点所要求的管理方式与静态工作所要求的方式有很大的不同,各利益主体之间的关系也必然有很大改变。公共项目的利益主体越来越多,迫切需要业主与各方及各方之间建立起真正的良好合作关系,寻找一个与多元利益主体的价值大小呈正相关关系,并且能够代表广大利益主体利益的典型代表,对公共项目的实施的全过程进行集成化的管理,提高项目执行的效率。另外,公共项目的建设也存在着一定的不确定性,随着项目投资的开始,政府或政府委托人逐步获得各种信息,需要具备可以根据各阶段实施过程中获得的信息来选择项目发展战略的权利。因此,在公共项目管理研究中,决策者如何选择项目发展战略方向,也是值得迫切解决与研究的问题。
在此研究背景和研究动因下,提出了建立面向多元利益主体的公共项目BOE(建造—运营—演化)模式。在不规定下一个阶段如何发展的情况下,为实现公共项目价值最大化目标,根据具体条件、实际情况来确定下一个阶段的变化发展的公共项目BOE模式。此模式综合考虑各利益主体的价值构成,代表着更为广阔的公共项目集成化的规划和设计问题,以实现公共项目价值最大化的目标。BOE模式的创新性在于:
1. E(演化)阶段的提出;
2.从多元利益主体价值关系角度构建了公共项目价值模型;
3.公共项目BOE模式具有柔性价值;
4.运用实物期权方法分析公共项目E(演化)方向及选择发展战略;
5.将集成化管理方法用于公共项目BOE模式中,提出了公共项目BOE模式集成化管理的总体框架,并探讨了集成化管理的基本要素架构和具体运作模式。
通过运用理论分析方法、定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,归纳演绎方法、期权评价方法、集成化管理方法等研究了如何利用集成化管理理论来规划和设计公共项目的BOE(建造—运营—演化)流程,如何利用科学的期权评价方法来选择公共项目的发展战略方向,如何建立面向多元利益主体的公共项目价值模型,如何运用项目治理的相关理论来解决公共项目制度层面中存在的体制和机制问题,最终实现公共项目的价值最大化目标。
The importance of the public project has been strengthened while the public project has been under poor management, which makes the related research has been more and more concerned. The management mode has huge difference between modern dynamic public projects with traditional inactive projects. In this way, the relationship among each stakeholders of public project has changed a lot. More and more stakeholders of public project need to establish real good cooperative relations between the owner and each stakeholder. It is necessary to look for a typical representative of the most of stakeholders whose value is positive correlated with stakeholders’value for managing the whole process integrated to improve the efficiency of project execution. And there is certain indeterminacy in building process. With the start of project investment, the government or its client has accessed to all kinds of information gradually, requiring the right of selecting project developing strategy according to the information obtained in the implement course. How to select the development strategy direction also is an urgent problem to be solved and studied.
In this research background and research motivation, the public project BOE (Building-Operating-Evolving) mode with multiple stakeholders is established. In the case of not requiring what the next stage will be, in order to maximize the value of public projects, BOE mode can determine the development of the next phase in accordance with specific conditions and actual situation. This model has considered each stakeholders’value composition integrated and has represented the integrated planning and design of public project to maximize its value. The innovation of BOE mode is:
1. E(Evolving) phase is brought forward;
2. The public project value model is established from the angle of multiple stakeholders;
3. With flexible value;
4. The real options method is used to analyze the E (Evolving) angle and select the development strategy of public project;
5. The integrated management method is used in the public project BOE mode; the research overall framework of the BOE mode integrated management is put forward; the basic elements structure and specific operation mode is discussed.
Through the theoretical analysis, the qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis method, induction and deduction method, real options evaluation method, integrated managing method, such problems are studied like: how to use integrated management theory to plan and design public project BOE (Building- Operating- Evolving) process; how to use scientific real options method to select the development strategy of public project; how to establish the public project value model with multiple stakeholders; how to use the public project governance theory to solve the system and mechanism problem existing in the institutional level of public project, and ultimately maximize the value of public project.
在此研究背景和研究动因下,提出了建立面向多元利益主体的公共项目BOE(建造—运营—演化)模式。在不规定下一个阶段如何发展的情况下,为实现公共项目价值最大化目标,根据具体条件、实际情况来确定下一个阶段的变化发展的公共项目BOE模式。此模式综合考虑各利益主体的价值构成,代表着更为广阔的公共项目集成化的规划和设计问题,以实现公共项目价值最大化的目标。BOE模式的创新性在于:
1. E(演化)阶段的提出;
2.从多元利益主体价值关系角度构建了公共项目价值模型;
3.公共项目BOE模式具有柔性价值;
4.运用实物期权方法分析公共项目E(演化)方向及选择发展战略;
5.将集成化管理方法用于公共项目BOE模式中,提出了公共项目BOE模式集成化管理的总体框架,并探讨了集成化管理的基本要素架构和具体运作模式。
通过运用理论分析方法、定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,归纳演绎方法、期权评价方法、集成化管理方法等研究了如何利用集成化管理理论来规划和设计公共项目的BOE(建造—运营—演化)流程,如何利用科学的期权评价方法来选择公共项目的发展战略方向,如何建立面向多元利益主体的公共项目价值模型,如何运用项目治理的相关理论来解决公共项目制度层面中存在的体制和机制问题,最终实现公共项目的价值最大化目标。
The importance of the public project has been strengthened while the public project has been under poor management, which makes the related research has been more and more concerned. The management mode has huge difference between modern dynamic public projects with traditional inactive projects. In this way, the relationship among each stakeholders of public project has changed a lot. More and more stakeholders of public project need to establish real good cooperative relations between the owner and each stakeholder. It is necessary to look for a typical representative of the most of stakeholders whose value is positive correlated with stakeholders’value for managing the whole process integrated to improve the efficiency of project execution. And there is certain indeterminacy in building process. With the start of project investment, the government or its client has accessed to all kinds of information gradually, requiring the right of selecting project developing strategy according to the information obtained in the implement course. How to select the development strategy direction also is an urgent problem to be solved and studied.
In this research background and research motivation, the public project BOE (Building-Operating-Evolving) mode with multiple stakeholders is established. In the case of not requiring what the next stage will be, in order to maximize the value of public projects, BOE mode can determine the development of the next phase in accordance with specific conditions and actual situation. This model has considered each stakeholders’value composition integrated and has represented the integrated planning and design of public project to maximize its value. The innovation of BOE mode is:
1. E(Evolving) phase is brought forward;
2. The public project value model is established from the angle of multiple stakeholders;
3. With flexible value;
4. The real options method is used to analyze the E (Evolving) angle and select the development strategy of public project;
5. The integrated management method is used in the public project BOE mode; the research overall framework of the BOE mode integrated management is put forward; the basic elements structure and specific operation mode is discussed.
Through the theoretical analysis, the qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis method, induction and deduction method, real options evaluation method, integrated managing method, such problems are studied like: how to use integrated management theory to plan and design public project BOE (Building- Operating- Evolving) process; how to use scientific real options method to select the development strategy of public project; how to establish the public project value model with multiple stakeholders; how to use the public project governance theory to solve the system and mechanism problem existing in the institutional level of public project, and ultimately maximize the value of public project.
引文
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