中小型企业生产管理系统的研发
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摘要
随着企业之间竞争的加剧,信息快速、准确的传递变得越来越重要了。车间的管理在企业中占据了越来越重要的地位。如何有效地管理车间,使信息能快速有效的传递,已成为信息管理的主要课题,因此本文在应用实践的基础上提出了基于制造执行系统(MES)生产控制模块的生产管理系统。
本文首先分析了生产管理系统发展的历史、现状以及出现的新问题,进而引出了生产制造行业在生产管理技术上的新需求;详细阐述了生产管理系统的内容;同时介绍了制造执行系统的定位及功能模型。
针对某企业的生产管理现状,以及传统靠经验对车间生产控制的不彻底、不完善的情况,设计出了一套适合于该企业的基于MES的生产管控系统方案,包括软件架构、硬件架构、以及系统的总体结构,同时提出了系统实施以及运行流程。
按照软件工程视点,对项目依次进行需求分析、概要设计、详细设计以及测试。本文分别对各个阶段的工作,以及采用的关键技术(包括构件技术、关系数据库、过程数据库以及ASP技术)进行了详细地描述,最终以B/S模式实现。
最后,在优化生产过程控制方面,提出了将决策支持系统(DSS)技术引入到生产计划模块当中的想法。此方法将帮助决策者更为科学的对生产计划进行制定及实施。该技术的难点在于DSS三库系统中规则库的设计,其核心即为生产进度模型的建立。因为生产过程控制是以单个加工为基本元素,利用Petri网数学工具对生产过程进行描述可以将单个加工描述成库所与变迁的形式,从而方便的对其协作关系进行描述。故,基于Petri网的生产进度决策系统将作为日后对系统进行升级研究主要方向。
Along with aggravating competition among enterprises, the information fast, the accurate transmission became more and more important. How to manages the workshop effectively, enables the information the fast effective transmission, has become the information management the main topic, therefore this article proposed in the application practice foundation based on the manufacture execution system (MES) production control module production management system.
This article has first analyzed the new question which the production management system development history, the present situation as well as appear, then has drawn out the manufacturing profession in the production management technology new demand; In detail elaborated the production management system content; Simultaneously introduced the manufacture execution system localization and the function model.
Based on the project in view of enterprise's production management present situation, as well as the tradition depends on the experience not thoroughly to the workshop production control, the imperfect situation, designed a set to suit in this enterprise controls the system plan based on the MES production tube, including the software construction, the hardware construction, as well as the system overall structure, simultaneously proposed the system implementation as well as the movement flow
According to the software engineering viewpoint, carries on the demand analysis, the outline design, the detailed design as well as the test to the project. This article has separately carried on the detailed description to each stage work. The project development uses key technologies including component technology, relational database as well as ASP technology, and by B/S pattern realization system
Finally, in the aspect of optimization industrial control, it proposed make Decision Support System (DSS) into the productive plan module the idea. This method will help the policy-maker to be more scientific carries on the formulation and the implementation to the productive plan. This technical difficulty lies in the DSS 3-bases system the regular storehouse design, its corenamely for production progress model establishment. The production progress control is take the individually processing as the fundamental element, favor based on the Petri net production process modeling method individually processes describes the storehouse institute and the vicissitude form, and will be able to describe its cooperation relations. Therefore, based on the Petri net production progress decision system took will carry on the promotion research main direction in the future to the system.
本文首先分析了生产管理系统发展的历史、现状以及出现的新问题,进而引出了生产制造行业在生产管理技术上的新需求;详细阐述了生产管理系统的内容;同时介绍了制造执行系统的定位及功能模型。
针对某企业的生产管理现状,以及传统靠经验对车间生产控制的不彻底、不完善的情况,设计出了一套适合于该企业的基于MES的生产管控系统方案,包括软件架构、硬件架构、以及系统的总体结构,同时提出了系统实施以及运行流程。
按照软件工程视点,对项目依次进行需求分析、概要设计、详细设计以及测试。本文分别对各个阶段的工作,以及采用的关键技术(包括构件技术、关系数据库、过程数据库以及ASP技术)进行了详细地描述,最终以B/S模式实现。
最后,在优化生产过程控制方面,提出了将决策支持系统(DSS)技术引入到生产计划模块当中的想法。此方法将帮助决策者更为科学的对生产计划进行制定及实施。该技术的难点在于DSS三库系统中规则库的设计,其核心即为生产进度模型的建立。因为生产过程控制是以单个加工为基本元素,利用Petri网数学工具对生产过程进行描述可以将单个加工描述成库所与变迁的形式,从而方便的对其协作关系进行描述。故,基于Petri网的生产进度决策系统将作为日后对系统进行升级研究主要方向。
Along with aggravating competition among enterprises, the information fast, the accurate transmission became more and more important. How to manages the workshop effectively, enables the information the fast effective transmission, has become the information management the main topic, therefore this article proposed in the application practice foundation based on the manufacture execution system (MES) production control module production management system.
This article has first analyzed the new question which the production management system development history, the present situation as well as appear, then has drawn out the manufacturing profession in the production management technology new demand; In detail elaborated the production management system content; Simultaneously introduced the manufacture execution system localization and the function model.
Based on the project in view of enterprise's production management present situation, as well as the tradition depends on the experience not thoroughly to the workshop production control, the imperfect situation, designed a set to suit in this enterprise controls the system plan based on the MES production tube, including the software construction, the hardware construction, as well as the system overall structure, simultaneously proposed the system implementation as well as the movement flow
According to the software engineering viewpoint, carries on the demand analysis, the outline design, the detailed design as well as the test to the project. This article has separately carried on the detailed description to each stage work. The project development uses key technologies including component technology, relational database as well as ASP technology, and by B/S pattern realization system
Finally, in the aspect of optimization industrial control, it proposed make Decision Support System (DSS) into the productive plan module the idea. This method will help the policy-maker to be more scientific carries on the formulation and the implementation to the productive plan. This technical difficulty lies in the DSS 3-bases system the regular storehouse design, its corenamely for production progress model establishment. The production progress control is take the individually processing as the fundamental element, favor based on the Petri net production process modeling method individually processes describes the storehouse institute and the vicissitude form, and will be able to describe its cooperation relations. Therefore, based on the Petri net production progress decision system took will carry on the promotion research main direction in the future to the system.
引文
【1】饶云清.MES-面向制造车间的实时信息系统[J].信息技术,2002,2:61-63.
【2】周运森,顾越峰.现代制造执行系统-管控一体化的关键[J].工业控制计算机,2003 16(10):1-3.
【3】Manufacturing Enterprise Solutions Association(MESA).The benefits of MES: A report from the field[EB/OL].http://www.mesa.org,1997.
【4】Michael McClellan.Applying Manufacturing Execution Systems[J].CRC Press,1997:22-27.
【5】于海斌,朱云龙.可集成的制造执行系统[J].计算机集成制造系统 CIMS,2000,6(6):1-6.
【6】D. Scott.Comparative Advantage through Manufacturing Execution Systems.Proceedings of the SEMICON Taiwan96ICSeminar, 2004:9 227-236.
【7】F.T.Cheng,E.Shen,J.Y.Denget.al.Development System Framework for the Computer-Integrated MES:A Distributed Object-Oriented Approach.International Journal of CIM,1999,12(5) :384-402.
【8】M.Hori,T.K awamura,A.Okano,Open MES:Scalable Manufacturing Execution Framework Based Distributed Object Computing.Proceedings of IEEE International Conf.onSys,Man&Cyberneics,1999(VI):398-403.
【9】NageshSukhi,WardNick.Intelligent Second-Generation MES Solutions for 300mm Fabs.Solid State Technology,Jun2000,43(6):133-137.
【10】张志檩.国内外制造执行系统(MES)的应用与发展[J],自动化博览,2004:05.
【11】易向军,王雪晗.MES 在炼钢中厚板生产管理中的应用[J].工业控制计算机,2003:16(9).
【12】MES explained.A high level vision[M].http://www.mesaorg/whitepapers/pap6pdf .MESA International.
【13】宋海生,王家海,张曙.网络联盟企业中基于 WEB 的制造执行系统[J].制造业自动化,2001,23(2).
【14】宋海生,张曙.车间工况数据采集与管理[J].同济大学学报,1999.
【15】Vijayan,Jaikumar, Manufacturing Execution Systems.Computer World,2000, 34(31):38-42.
【16】饶云清,李培根,李淑霞.制造执行系统的现状与发展趋势[J].机械科学与技术,2002,21(6).
【17】柴天佑,金以惠.给予三层结构的历程工业现代集成制造系统[J].控制工程,2002,9(3):1-6.
【18】刘晓冰,崔发倩.流程企业 MES 集成生产计划管理系统研究 CAD/CAM 与制造业信息化[C],2006.2-3.
【19】戴勇,曹江辉.MES 让制造与计划相统一[J].计算机用户,2003(7):211-213.
【20】Manufacturing Enterprise Solutions Association(MESA).The benefits of MES: A report from the field[EB/OL].http://www.mesa.org,1997.
【21】张洁,石柯,邓建春,王焱清,李培根,段正澄.制造单元控制系统的建模[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,1994 9.
【22】柴晓路,梁宇路.WEB Service 技术架构和应用[M].电子工业出版社,2003.1:69-70.
【23】王晨.浅淡基于 B/S 结构的集成化 ERP 系统的实施[C].IE&EM2001 会议论文集,北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
【24】宋海生,岳彦芳,刘恩福.虚拟制造环境下的工矿数据采集与任务查询系统[J].机械工业自动化,1998,6.
【25】张志檀.实时数据库原理与应用[M].中国石化出版社,2001.
【26】OMG(Object Management Group),The Common Object Request Broker : Architecture and Specification [S].RE2 VISION 2. 0,2001-05-20.
【27】Raghu Ramakrishnan,Johannes Gehrke.Database Management Systems[M].Second edition. McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.2000.
【28】George Koch,Kevin Loney 著,梅钢等译.Oracle8 完全参考手册[M].北京机械工业出版社,1998.
【29】XuJie,HuiYongtao,LvRong.On development and prospect of IDSS[J].Journal of Materials Processing.Tsinghua University Press,1996 10.
【30】Golovina,E.Y.An approach to designing intelligent decision-making support systems on the basis of the logic-semiotic apparatus[J].Artificial Intelligence Systems.2002:169-176.
【31】LeiCao,WeiPeng,Qiang Dong.Extension Expert System and Its Application to IDSS[J].Intelligent Control and Automation,2006.WCICA 2006.The Sixth World Congress,June 2006.
【32】Raghu Ramakrishnan,Johannes Gehrke.Database Management Systems[M],Second edition.McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.2000.
【33】Microsoft Corporation.Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Developer’s Companion[M].Microsoft Press,2000.
【34】林碧英,曲俊华,吕洁,王素琴.WEB 数据库的存取技术[M].计算机工程与应用,2000.
【35】黄志华.用线性表实现基于Petri 网的多媒体表现同步模型的方法[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(3):64-67.
【36】Abraham Silberschatz,Henry E Korth,S.Sudarshan. Database System Concepts[M],Fourth Edition,2001,6.
【37】De Carli,A. Marinelli.Motion control design of a manufactory plant by dedicated software[J]. Advanced Motion Control IEEE International Workshop.
【38】齐习娟,宋海生.基于 WEB 的 MES 与 ERP 的集成研究[J].现代制造工程,2004,(7).
【39】从力群,MES 在制造信息化中的关键作用[C].中国国际钢铁大会论文集,2002.
【40】MESA International.MES Software Evaluation/Selection.MESA International White Paper Number4,1997.
【2】周运森,顾越峰.现代制造执行系统-管控一体化的关键[J].工业控制计算机,2003 16(10):1-3.
【3】Manufacturing Enterprise Solutions Association(MESA).The benefits of MES: A report from the field[EB/OL].http://www.mesa.org,1997.
【4】Michael McClellan.Applying Manufacturing Execution Systems[J].CRC Press,1997:22-27.
【5】于海斌,朱云龙.可集成的制造执行系统[J].计算机集成制造系统 CIMS,2000,6(6):1-6.
【6】D. Scott.Comparative Advantage through Manufacturing Execution Systems.Proceedings of the SEMICON Taiwan96ICSeminar, 2004:9 227-236.
【7】F.T.Cheng,E.Shen,J.Y.Denget.al.Development System Framework for the Computer-Integrated MES:A Distributed Object-Oriented Approach.International Journal of CIM,1999,12(5) :384-402.
【8】M.Hori,T.K awamura,A.Okano,Open MES:Scalable Manufacturing Execution Framework Based Distributed Object Computing.Proceedings of IEEE International Conf.onSys,Man&Cyberneics,1999(VI):398-403.
【9】NageshSukhi,WardNick.Intelligent Second-Generation MES Solutions for 300mm Fabs.Solid State Technology,Jun2000,43(6):133-137.
【10】张志檩.国内外制造执行系统(MES)的应用与发展[J],自动化博览,2004:05.
【11】易向军,王雪晗.MES 在炼钢中厚板生产管理中的应用[J].工业控制计算机,2003:16(9).
【12】MES explained.A high level vision[M].http://www.mesaorg/whitepapers/pap6pdf .MESA International.
【13】宋海生,王家海,张曙.网络联盟企业中基于 WEB 的制造执行系统[J].制造业自动化,2001,23(2).
【14】宋海生,张曙.车间工况数据采集与管理[J].同济大学学报,1999.
【15】Vijayan,Jaikumar, Manufacturing Execution Systems.Computer World,2000, 34(31):38-42.
【16】饶云清,李培根,李淑霞.制造执行系统的现状与发展趋势[J].机械科学与技术,2002,21(6).
【17】柴天佑,金以惠.给予三层结构的历程工业现代集成制造系统[J].控制工程,2002,9(3):1-6.
【18】刘晓冰,崔发倩.流程企业 MES 集成生产计划管理系统研究 CAD/CAM 与制造业信息化[C],2006.2-3.
【19】戴勇,曹江辉.MES 让制造与计划相统一[J].计算机用户,2003(7):211-213.
【20】Manufacturing Enterprise Solutions Association(MESA).The benefits of MES: A report from the field[EB/OL].http://www.mesa.org,1997.
【21】张洁,石柯,邓建春,王焱清,李培根,段正澄.制造单元控制系统的建模[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,1994 9.
【22】柴晓路,梁宇路.WEB Service 技术架构和应用[M].电子工业出版社,2003.1:69-70.
【23】王晨.浅淡基于 B/S 结构的集成化 ERP 系统的实施[C].IE&EM2001 会议论文集,北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
【24】宋海生,岳彦芳,刘恩福.虚拟制造环境下的工矿数据采集与任务查询系统[J].机械工业自动化,1998,6.
【25】张志檀.实时数据库原理与应用[M].中国石化出版社,2001.
【26】OMG(Object Management Group),The Common Object Request Broker : Architecture and Specification [S].RE2 VISION 2. 0,2001-05-20.
【27】Raghu Ramakrishnan,Johannes Gehrke.Database Management Systems[M].Second edition. McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.2000.
【28】George Koch,Kevin Loney 著,梅钢等译.Oracle8 完全参考手册[M].北京机械工业出版社,1998.
【29】XuJie,HuiYongtao,LvRong.On development and prospect of IDSS[J].Journal of Materials Processing.Tsinghua University Press,1996 10.
【30】Golovina,E.Y.An approach to designing intelligent decision-making support systems on the basis of the logic-semiotic apparatus[J].Artificial Intelligence Systems.2002:169-176.
【31】LeiCao,WeiPeng,Qiang Dong.Extension Expert System and Its Application to IDSS[J].Intelligent Control and Automation,2006.WCICA 2006.The Sixth World Congress,June 2006.
【32】Raghu Ramakrishnan,Johannes Gehrke.Database Management Systems[M],Second edition.McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.2000.
【33】Microsoft Corporation.Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Developer’s Companion[M].Microsoft Press,2000.
【34】林碧英,曲俊华,吕洁,王素琴.WEB 数据库的存取技术[M].计算机工程与应用,2000.
【35】黄志华.用线性表实现基于Petri 网的多媒体表现同步模型的方法[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(3):64-67.
【36】Abraham Silberschatz,Henry E Korth,S.Sudarshan. Database System Concepts[M],Fourth Edition,2001,6.
【37】De Carli,A. Marinelli.Motion control design of a manufactory plant by dedicated software[J]. Advanced Motion Control IEEE International Workshop.
【38】齐习娟,宋海生.基于 WEB 的 MES 与 ERP 的集成研究[J].现代制造工程,2004,(7).
【39】从力群,MES 在制造信息化中的关键作用[C].中国国际钢铁大会论文集,2002.
【40】MESA International.MES Software Evaluation/Selection.MESA International White Paper Number4,1997.