基于Zigbee无线传感网络在智能猪舍环境监测系统中的应用
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摘要
在规模化养猪生产中,猪群整体健康水平、猪群生长速度、饲料利用效率等都直接受到猪舍内环境的影响和制约,为生猪提供良好的舍内环境是提高猪群生产率和预防疫病的最有效措施之一。猪舍内环境空气质量状况主要包括:舍内空气温、湿度、空气气流情况、光照、各种有害气体如H2S、NH3等浓度、粉尘、噪音等等。对规模化养猪猪舍内空气质量进行监测和有效控制,具有重要的意义。
本文根据某养猪企业的需求,设计了基于Zigbee技术的智能猪舍环境监测系统的设计,主要工作如下:
设计了由网络构架、通讯协议、无线传感节点和数据管理系统组成的整体框架,采集的实时数据包括猪舍内温度,湿度,光照,氨气浓度等,系统具有成本低,功耗低,易于维护的特点。
硬件电路设计方面,采用Digi公司生产的ConnectportX2作为网络协调器,使用武汉麦希力德科技有限公司生产的基于xbee模块的宇宙版无线传感设备作为终端设备及路由,组建mesh网络。在硬件电路设计方面,根据2.4G高频设计规范,设计电路各部分,适当摆放元器件,考虑到噪声干扰的抑制,使射频天线到达最佳位置,从而保证Zigbee设备的通讯距离和通讯质量。
软件设计方面,通过研究IEEE 802.15.4标准协议和Zigbee规范,应用ConnectportX2内置的Python Engine,编程实现Zigbee网络协调器的组建网络功能,运行相关程序,在Python2.4环境下编写了Zigbee路由器及终端设备加入网络及运行程序,调试Zigbee网络协调器,路由器,终端设备,使之组成适合运用在智能猪舍环境监测系统的Z-mesh网络;在C#环境下,编写了上位机监控软件,实现数据的实时监控,准备无误的传递采集数据信息,运用SQL Server2000对传送到上位机的信息进行存储,提高了监控的质量与监控的效率。
In the production of intensive feeding swine, the overall health and growth rate of the swinery, the efficiency of feed usage are directly affected and restricted by the environment of the pigsty. Providing a good environment for the pigs is one of the most effective measures to promote the swinery's productivity and the ability of disease prevention. The factors that effect the air quality in the swinery include temperature, humidity, airdraught, light, concentration of harmful gases such as H2S、NH3, dust and noises and so on. It is of great meaning to monitor and control the air quality in the pigsty.
Based on the demand of a pig-raising enterprise, the paper designed a smart environment monitoring system which based on the Zigbee technology for the pigsty. The main work include the integrated framework that consists of networks, communication protocol, wireless sensor nodes and data management. The real time data collection includes collecting of the temperature, humidity, light and the ammonia concentration date. The system is featured with low cost, low power consumption, easy maintenance. In the hardware circuit design, it uses the connectportX2 produced by Digi Company as the network coordinator, and uses the universe version of wireless sensor devices based on xbee module which is produced by Wuhan Meshleader Technology Co., Ltd. as terminal device and router to build mesh net. Each component of the circuit is displayed appropriately on the basis of 2.4G high-frequency specifications, considering the interference of noise, so that the RF antenna can reach to the best position and the communication distance and communication quality of Zigbee devices can be guarenteed.
In the software design, by studying the IEEE 802.15.4 standard protocols and the Zigbee specification, and by using the connectportX2 bulit-in Python Engine, the forming network function of Zigbee network coordinator and the operation of the procedues are achieved, the Zigbee routers and terminal devices join a network and the working procedures are programmed under Python2.4 environment. Debugging Zigbee network coordinator, routers, terminal devices, making it compose the Z-mesh network which is suitable for the smart pigsties environmental monitoring system . Programming the computer monitoring software, monitoring the data in real time and transferring the collected data accurately under the C # environment. The use of SQL Server 2000 regarding submitted information to the host computer for storage has promoted the quality and efficiency of monitoring.
本文根据某养猪企业的需求,设计了基于Zigbee技术的智能猪舍环境监测系统的设计,主要工作如下:
设计了由网络构架、通讯协议、无线传感节点和数据管理系统组成的整体框架,采集的实时数据包括猪舍内温度,湿度,光照,氨气浓度等,系统具有成本低,功耗低,易于维护的特点。
硬件电路设计方面,采用Digi公司生产的ConnectportX2作为网络协调器,使用武汉麦希力德科技有限公司生产的基于xbee模块的宇宙版无线传感设备作为终端设备及路由,组建mesh网络。在硬件电路设计方面,根据2.4G高频设计规范,设计电路各部分,适当摆放元器件,考虑到噪声干扰的抑制,使射频天线到达最佳位置,从而保证Zigbee设备的通讯距离和通讯质量。
软件设计方面,通过研究IEEE 802.15.4标准协议和Zigbee规范,应用ConnectportX2内置的Python Engine,编程实现Zigbee网络协调器的组建网络功能,运行相关程序,在Python2.4环境下编写了Zigbee路由器及终端设备加入网络及运行程序,调试Zigbee网络协调器,路由器,终端设备,使之组成适合运用在智能猪舍环境监测系统的Z-mesh网络;在C#环境下,编写了上位机监控软件,实现数据的实时监控,准备无误的传递采集数据信息,运用SQL Server2000对传送到上位机的信息进行存储,提高了监控的质量与监控的效率。
In the production of intensive feeding swine, the overall health and growth rate of the swinery, the efficiency of feed usage are directly affected and restricted by the environment of the pigsty. Providing a good environment for the pigs is one of the most effective measures to promote the swinery's productivity and the ability of disease prevention. The factors that effect the air quality in the swinery include temperature, humidity, airdraught, light, concentration of harmful gases such as H2S、NH3, dust and noises and so on. It is of great meaning to monitor and control the air quality in the pigsty.
Based on the demand of a pig-raising enterprise, the paper designed a smart environment monitoring system which based on the Zigbee technology for the pigsty. The main work include the integrated framework that consists of networks, communication protocol, wireless sensor nodes and data management. The real time data collection includes collecting of the temperature, humidity, light and the ammonia concentration date. The system is featured with low cost, low power consumption, easy maintenance. In the hardware circuit design, it uses the connectportX2 produced by Digi Company as the network coordinator, and uses the universe version of wireless sensor devices based on xbee module which is produced by Wuhan Meshleader Technology Co., Ltd. as terminal device and router to build mesh net. Each component of the circuit is displayed appropriately on the basis of 2.4G high-frequency specifications, considering the interference of noise, so that the RF antenna can reach to the best position and the communication distance and communication quality of Zigbee devices can be guarenteed.
In the software design, by studying the IEEE 802.15.4 standard protocols and the Zigbee specification, and by using the connectportX2 bulit-in Python Engine, the forming network function of Zigbee network coordinator and the operation of the procedues are achieved, the Zigbee routers and terminal devices join a network and the working procedures are programmed under Python2.4 environment. Debugging Zigbee network coordinator, routers, terminal devices, making it compose the Z-mesh network which is suitable for the smart pigsties environmental monitoring system . Programming the computer monitoring software, monitoring the data in real time and transferring the collected data accurately under the C # environment. The use of SQL Server 2000 regarding submitted information to the host computer for storage has promoted the quality and efficiency of monitoring.
引文
[1]赵景宏,李英凡,许纯信.ZigBee技术简介[J].电力系统通信,2006,27(165).
[2]陈景运,周祥平.ZigBee技术在工业控制领域的应用[J].专题技术与工程应用,2006,6(36).
[3]王凯,彭瑜,郑丽国,等.基于ZigBee无线水表自动抄表系统的研究与设计[J].自动化仪表,2006(5).
[4]周游,方滨,王普.基于ZigBee技术的智能家居无线网络系统[J].电子技术应用,2005(5).
[5]杜丽敏,郭文成.ZigBee技术在远程抄表系统中的应用[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006(7).
[6] ZHENG J, LEE M J. A comprehensive performance study of IEEE802.15.4 [M]. IEEE Press Book.2004.
[7]林喜源.基于TinyOS的无线传感器网络体系结构[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006(9):44—47.
[8] An IEEE 802.1 5.4 protocol implementation(in nesC/TinyOS):Reference Guide v1.2.Polytechnic Institute of Porto(ISEP—IPP),May 2007.
[9]郝京宇,黄建华,贾风根.协议栈的实现方法[J].计算机工程,2004(7):93
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[11]博创科技.UP—NETARM2410-S嵌入式系统实验指导书[M].北京,2006.
[12]博创科技.UP.TECH PXA270嵌入式系统实验指导书[M].北京,2006.
[13]蔡志明,卢传富,李立夏.精通Qt4编程[M].电子工业出版社,2008.
[14]解析ZigBee堆栈架构[OL].http://www.eetchina.com.
[15]贝克.嵌入式系统中的模拟设计/嵌入式系统译丛[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[16]邹思铁.嵌入式Linux设计与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002,34—42.
[17]胡光永.CAN总线节点电路的设计与实现[J].嵌入式网络技术应用,2006(22):1-3.
[18]何科奭,周炯如,马正华.基于S3C44B0X的无线监控终端设计[J].微计算机应用,2008(29):83-86.
[19]王艳秋,曾维鲁,岳宇君.ZigBee技术在仓储管理中的应用[J].通信技术,2008,41(11):205-207.
[20]李文仲,段朝玉:《ZigBee2006无线网络与无线定位实战/无线单片机技术丛书》[M],北京航空航天大学出版社,2008年版.
[21]《MF_RC500中文数据手册》[M],莱芜市杰讯电子有限公司,2007年版.
[22]《UP-TECHPXA270-S实验指导书》[M],北京博创公司,2006年版.
[23]余涛:《嵌入式数据库sqlite在Motorola Coldfire + uclinux下的移植》[C],北京航空航天大学出版社,2010年版.
[24]余涛:《sqlite嵌入式数据库在linux下的编译》[C],北京航空航天大学出版社,2008年版.
[25] Qt中文论坛:http://www.qtcn.org/bbs [EB/OL].
[26] Qt/Qtopia中文论坛:http://www.qtopia.org.cn [EB/OL].
[27]中国ZIGBEE联盟论坛:http://www.51zigbee.com/bbs/index.asp [EB/OL].
[28] V.Li, H.S.Park, and H.Oh,“A Cluster-Label-Based Mechanism for Backbone on Mobile Ad Hoc Networks”,Wired/Wireless Internet Communications (WWIC) 2006, May, 2006, pp.26-36.
[29] Zigbee Alliance, "ZigBee specification: ZigBee Document 053474r06 Version 1.0", 14 Dec. 2004.
[30] Mesh Networking Forum, Building the business case for implementation of wireless mesh networks, Mesh Networking Forum 2004, San Francisco, CA, October 2004.
[31] Zigbee Specification Zigbee Alliance 2005.7.
[32]蔡型,张思全.短距离无线通信技术综述[J].现代电子技术,2004,27(3):54-67.
[33]韩金鲁.基于ZigBee技术的智能仓储系统的研究[D].山东大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[34]李功.无线传感器网络在环境监测中的研究设计[D].武汉理工大学硕士论文,2006.
[35]彭光路.基于Zigbee的无线传感器网络在监测系统中的应用研究[D].河海大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[36]刘建国,刘文清,魏庆农.环境监测技术及其发展方向[J].光电子技术与信息,2001(4):7-11.
[37]武汉麦希力德科技有限公司. http://www.meshleader.com.
[38]讯方通信科技有限公司.http://www.xunfang.com.
[39] Zigbee Specification Zigbee Alliance 2005.7.
[40]宋兆杰,张金良.数字农业研究进展及发展趋势[J].现代化农业,2007,(5): 1-4.
[2]陈景运,周祥平.ZigBee技术在工业控制领域的应用[J].专题技术与工程应用,2006,6(36).
[3]王凯,彭瑜,郑丽国,等.基于ZigBee无线水表自动抄表系统的研究与设计[J].自动化仪表,2006(5).
[4]周游,方滨,王普.基于ZigBee技术的智能家居无线网络系统[J].电子技术应用,2005(5).
[5]杜丽敏,郭文成.ZigBee技术在远程抄表系统中的应用[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006(7).
[6] ZHENG J, LEE M J. A comprehensive performance study of IEEE802.15.4 [M]. IEEE Press Book.2004.
[7]林喜源.基于TinyOS的无线传感器网络体系结构[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006(9):44—47.
[8] An IEEE 802.1 5.4 protocol implementation(in nesC/TinyOS):Reference Guide v1.2.Polytechnic Institute of Porto(ISEP—IPP),May 2007.
[9]郝京宇,黄建华,贾风根.协议栈的实现方法[J].计算机工程,2004(7):93
[10] IEEE 802.1 5.4 Specification.http://www.ieee.org.
[11]博创科技.UP—NETARM2410-S
[12]博创科技.UP.TECH PXA270
[13]蔡志明,卢传富,李立夏.精通Qt4编程[M].电子工业出版社,2008.
[14]解析ZigBee堆栈架构[OL].http://www.eetchina.com.
[15]贝克.嵌入式系统中的模拟设计/嵌入式系统译丛[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[16]邹思铁.嵌入式Linux设计与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002,34—42.
[17]胡光永.CAN总线节点电路的设计与实现[J].嵌入式网络技术应用,2006(22):1-3.
[18]何科奭,周炯如,马正华.基于S3C44B0X的无线监控终端设计[J].微计算机应用,2008(29):83-86.
[19]王艳秋,曾维鲁,岳宇君.ZigBee技术在仓储管理中的应用[J].通信技术,2008,41(11):205-207.
[20]李文仲,段朝玉:《ZigBee2006无线网络与无线定位实战/无线单片机技术丛书》[M],北京航空航天大学出版社,2008年版.
[21]《MF_RC500中文数据手册》[M],莱芜市杰讯电子有限公司,2007年版.
[22]《UP-TECHPXA270-S实验指导书》[M],北京博创公司,2006年版.
[23]余涛:《嵌入式数据库sqlite在Motorola Coldfire + uclinux下的移植》[C],北京航空航天大学出版社,2010年版.
[24]余涛:《sqlite嵌入式数据库在linux下的编译》[C],北京航空航天大学出版社,2008年版.
[25] Qt中文论坛:http://www.qtcn.org/bbs [EB/OL].
[26] Qt/Qtopia中文论坛:http://www.qtopia.org.cn [EB/OL].
[27]中国ZIGBEE联盟论坛:http://www.51zigbee.com/bbs/index.asp [EB/OL].
[28] V.Li, H.S.Park, and H.Oh,“A Cluster-Label-Based Mechanism for Backbone on Mobile Ad Hoc Networks”,Wired/Wireless Internet Communications (WWIC) 2006, May, 2006, pp.26-36.
[29] Zigbee Alliance, "ZigBee specification: ZigBee Document 053474r06 Version 1.0", 14 Dec. 2004.
[30] Mesh Networking Forum, Building the business case for implementation of wireless mesh networks, Mesh Networking Forum 2004, San Francisco, CA, October 2004.
[31] Zigbee Specification Zigbee Alliance 2005.7.
[32]蔡型,张思全.短距离无线通信技术综述[J].现代电子技术,2004,27(3):54-67.
[33]韩金鲁.基于ZigBee技术的智能仓储系统的研究[D].山东大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[34]李功.无线传感器网络在环境监测中的研究设计[D].武汉理工大学硕士论文,2006.
[35]彭光路.基于Zigbee的无线传感器网络在监测系统中的应用研究[D].河海大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[36]刘建国,刘文清,魏庆农.环境监测技术及其发展方向[J].光电子技术与信息,2001(4):7-11.
[37]武汉麦希力德科技有限公司. http://www.meshleader.com.
[38]讯方通信科技有限公司.http://www.xunfang.com.
[39] Zigbee Specification Zigbee Alliance 2005.7.
[40]宋兆杰,张金良.数字农业研究进展及发展趋势[J].现代化农业,2007,(5): 1-4.
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