中国矿业城市可持续发展能力研究
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摘要
矿业城市是中国能源和重要矿产资源的供应主体,近年来却面临着经济发展停滞不前,社会不稳定因素增强,环境污染持续加大,民生难题亟待破解的发展问题。2007年11月国务院出台《关于促进资源型城市可持续发展的若干意见》指导全国范围内的矿业城市可持续发展,以东北地区矿业城市转型探索正式向全国范围内的矿业城市可持续发展推进。
论文首先对中国全面小康社会建设的矿产资源需求和重要矿产资源供给状况进行了分析;运用投入产出法、回归分析法等对中国工业化进程中的矿业的投资效应、产业效应、环境效应进行定量研究;对中国矿业城市发展过程中出现的实质性问题进行了总结,即城市发展高度依赖国家政策推动、矿产资源开采的边际效用递减规律、分散性的城市布局规律引发城市可持续发展危机。
在进行矿业城市基础理论、可持续发展理论及资源理论研究的基础上对矿业城市可持续发展及其能力进行了定义,把矿业城市可持续能力划分为资源持续利用能力、经济持续发展能力、环境持续治理能力、民生持续实现能力、科技持续进步能力等五大方面,并对不同生命周期下的矿业城市可持续发展能力含义进行探讨,以四象限矿业城市可持续发展能力为基础,归纳了矿业城市可持续发展能力演变路径;对矿业城市可持续发展能力五大方面进行了指标量化研究,在此基础上构建了中国矿业城市可持续发展能力评价指标体系。
用主成分分析法对中国32个矿业城市可持续发展能力进行五大子能力评价后又进行了综合评价,并把32个城市可持续发展能力分为五大类。通过分析得出矿业城市民生实现能力差,可持续发展能力一定不强;经济发展能力依然是矿业城市可持续发展的重要物质基础;资源在矿业城市持续发展过程中的作用逐步淡化,但资源枯竭会削弱城市可持续发展能力等结论。论文最后提出了提升矿业城市可持续发展能力的几大策略,即民生矿城策略、虚拟矿城策略、资源矿城策略、绿色矿城策略等。
In recent years, mining cities acting as the most important supply of China's energy and mineral resources, facing development problem such as standstill economy, increasing social unstable factors, worsening environmental pollution and the people’s likelihood. In November 2007, the State Council published Opinions on Promoting the Sustainable Development of Resources Cities to direct the sustainable development of mining cities of the whole nation. From the exploration to transformation of mining cities in the northeast part of China, sustainable development was carried out to mining cities around the country. This paper tries to analyze the sustainable development abilities of mining cities in China, which is not systematically studied currently.
First analysis was done to resource demand and supply situation of China for build a prosperous society. Utilizing Input-output method, regression analysis etc., quantitative research was done to Investment effect, industrial effect and environmental effect of mine industry during Industrialization process of China. We summarize substantial problems in the development process of mining cities in China. These problems include the heavy rely of city’s rapid development to the government policy, the reducing marginal utility of mineral exploration, and sustainable development crises caused by disperse urban distribution.
The sustainable development abilities of mining cities was defined, basing on comprehensive research on basic theory of mining cities, sustainable development theory and resource theory. Sustainable development abilities of mining cities were divided into sustainable utilizing ability of resource, sustainable abilities of economy development, sustainable abilities of environment capacity, sustainable abilities of people’s likelihood and sustainable abilities of scientific development. The sustainable development abilities of mining cities in different stage of life span were discussed. Based on analysis of four quadrants sustainable development abilities of mining cities, we summarized the evolving path of sustainable development abilities of mining cities. Quantification was done to five aspects of the sustainable development abilities of mining cities, based on which the evaluation system of sustainable development abilities of mining cities was built.
Qrincipal component analysis was done to the above five aspects of 32 mining cities in China. The 32 mining cities were grouped into 5 categories. When the people’s livelihood is worse, the sustainable development ability is also worse. The economic development abilities are the most important material basis for sustainable development abilities of mining cities. The resource effect in sustainable development process of mining cities is weakening. The resource exhaustion would weaken the sustainable development ability. Several suggestions were proposed for enhancing the sustainable development abilities of mining cities. They are people’s livelihood mining cities, virtual mining cities, resource mining cities and green mining cities.
论文首先对中国全面小康社会建设的矿产资源需求和重要矿产资源供给状况进行了分析;运用投入产出法、回归分析法等对中国工业化进程中的矿业的投资效应、产业效应、环境效应进行定量研究;对中国矿业城市发展过程中出现的实质性问题进行了总结,即城市发展高度依赖国家政策推动、矿产资源开采的边际效用递减规律、分散性的城市布局规律引发城市可持续发展危机。
在进行矿业城市基础理论、可持续发展理论及资源理论研究的基础上对矿业城市可持续发展及其能力进行了定义,把矿业城市可持续能力划分为资源持续利用能力、经济持续发展能力、环境持续治理能力、民生持续实现能力、科技持续进步能力等五大方面,并对不同生命周期下的矿业城市可持续发展能力含义进行探讨,以四象限矿业城市可持续发展能力为基础,归纳了矿业城市可持续发展能力演变路径;对矿业城市可持续发展能力五大方面进行了指标量化研究,在此基础上构建了中国矿业城市可持续发展能力评价指标体系。
用主成分分析法对中国32个矿业城市可持续发展能力进行五大子能力评价后又进行了综合评价,并把32个城市可持续发展能力分为五大类。通过分析得出矿业城市民生实现能力差,可持续发展能力一定不强;经济发展能力依然是矿业城市可持续发展的重要物质基础;资源在矿业城市持续发展过程中的作用逐步淡化,但资源枯竭会削弱城市可持续发展能力等结论。论文最后提出了提升矿业城市可持续发展能力的几大策略,即民生矿城策略、虚拟矿城策略、资源矿城策略、绿色矿城策略等。
In recent years, mining cities acting as the most important supply of China's energy and mineral resources, facing development problem such as standstill economy, increasing social unstable factors, worsening environmental pollution and the people’s likelihood. In November 2007, the State Council published Opinions on Promoting the Sustainable Development of Resources Cities to direct the sustainable development of mining cities of the whole nation. From the exploration to transformation of mining cities in the northeast part of China, sustainable development was carried out to mining cities around the country. This paper tries to analyze the sustainable development abilities of mining cities in China, which is not systematically studied currently.
First analysis was done to resource demand and supply situation of China for build a prosperous society. Utilizing Input-output method, regression analysis etc., quantitative research was done to Investment effect, industrial effect and environmental effect of mine industry during Industrialization process of China. We summarize substantial problems in the development process of mining cities in China. These problems include the heavy rely of city’s rapid development to the government policy, the reducing marginal utility of mineral exploration, and sustainable development crises caused by disperse urban distribution.
The sustainable development abilities of mining cities was defined, basing on comprehensive research on basic theory of mining cities, sustainable development theory and resource theory. Sustainable development abilities of mining cities were divided into sustainable utilizing ability of resource, sustainable abilities of economy development, sustainable abilities of environment capacity, sustainable abilities of people’s likelihood and sustainable abilities of scientific development. The sustainable development abilities of mining cities in different stage of life span were discussed. Based on analysis of four quadrants sustainable development abilities of mining cities, we summarized the evolving path of sustainable development abilities of mining cities. Quantification was done to five aspects of the sustainable development abilities of mining cities, based on which the evaluation system of sustainable development abilities of mining cities was built.
Qrincipal component analysis was done to the above five aspects of 32 mining cities in China. The 32 mining cities were grouped into 5 categories. When the people’s livelihood is worse, the sustainable development ability is also worse. The economic development abilities are the most important material basis for sustainable development abilities of mining cities. The resource effect in sustainable development process of mining cities is weakening. The resource exhaustion would weaken the sustainable development ability. Several suggestions were proposed for enhancing the sustainable development abilities of mining cities. They are people’s livelihood mining cities, virtual mining cities, resource mining cities and green mining cities.
引文
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