基于过程重构的铁路客运服务系统集成及设计方法研究
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摘要
随着铁路客运专线建设的大规模展开,铁路旅客运输能力将得到极大地扩充,客运专线运行速度快、开行密度高、客流大、网络化、换乘多等特点,对于铁路客运服务提出了更高的要求和挑战。作为铁路客运专线的关键系统之一的铁路客运服务系统,存在规模超大、业务复杂、功能繁多、目标界定困难等特点,如何进行系统的集成设计是一个非常困难的问题。虽然国内外在集成设计方面的研究成果很多,但都集中在宏观的系统论研究或微观的结构化设计研究两个方面,没有一套完整的从需求分析、功能层次化设计、逻辑结构到物理结构设计的集成设计方法。本文基于系统服务的特性,研究了服务过程的划分、需求分析、工程层次化和逻辑结构设计、物理结构的完整集成设计方法,也指出了需要进一步研究的问题。
首先,论文将已有的系统集成设计方法进行了分析,在此基础上提出了基于过程重构的系统集成方法(SIMPRE方法),并对此方法进行了详细阐述,并给出了特有的基于过程划分的服务提供侧和服务需求侧的需求分析模式,需求匹配、功能层次化以及逻辑结构设计中的改进数据流图。
其次,论文按照SIMPRE方法对铁路客运服务系统进行了需求分析,从过程划分、旅客侧需求分析、铁路侧需求分析等几方面作了详尽的分析和描述。
第三,论文按照SIMPRE方法对铁路客运服务系统进行了功能层次化设计,将需求匹配、功能聚类引入到功能层次化设计中,进行了需求匹配,功能单元定义,模糊关联强度可达矩阵建立,功能聚类分析,得到了铁路客运服务系统的功能层次结构。
第四,论文按照SIMPRE方法对铁路客运服务系统进行了逻辑结构设计,基于功能层次结构设计了服务模型,引入了改进的数据流图,分析了各子系统的内部关系,用改进的数据流图完整的展现了系统的逻辑结构。
第五,论文按照SIMPRE方法,完成了铁路客运服务系统从逻辑结构到物理结构的映射,并完成了总体物理结构、网络结构、票务子系统、旅客服务系统、营销策划系统、综合服务平台、数据平台和安全保障平台的物理结构设计。
最后,论文简单描述了作者将此方法应用在了京津城际铁路客运服务系统,验证了SIMPRE方法的科学性。
With the massive construction of railway passenger dedicated lines (PDL), railway passenger transit capacity will be greatly increased. PDL has the characteristics of high operating speed, high dispatch frequency, large volume of passengers, networked rail lines, more connection transfers and etc. These features pose more stringent requirements and greater challenges on railway passenger transit services. As one of the key systems of PDL, passenger traffic services system (PTSS) has the characteristics of extremely large scale, complex operation, numerous functions and hard to define objectives. Conducting integration design for this system is a very challenge topic issue. There are many research results on integration design both in China and abroad, but most of them concentrate on macroscopical research on system theory or microcosmic research on structure design. There is no complete integration design methodology covering requirement analysis, function hierarchy design, logical structure design and physical structure design. Based on the characteristics of system services, this dissertation studies the complete integration design methodology including service process partitioning, requirements analysis, engineering hierarchy, logical structure as well as physical structure design, and also points out issues that need further research efforts.
First, this dissertation analyzes existing system integration design methodologies, and on top of that proposes the system integration methodology with detailed description based on process reconstruction (SIMPRE). It also presents unique requirements analysis pattern, demand matching, function hierarchy, and improved data flow diagram in logical structure design, based on process partitioning at service providing side and service request side.
Next, this dissertation conducts deep requirements analysis and provides detailed description for PTSS on the basis of SIMPRE from several aspects including process partitioning, and requirements analysis at passenger side as well as operator side.
Thirdly, this dissertation conducts function hierarchy design for PDSS on the basis of SIMPRE, and introduces demand matching and function clustering into function hierarchy design. It matches demands, defines functional units, establishes fuzzy relevance strength reachability matrix, analyzes function clustering, and then obtains function hierarchy structure for PTSS.
Fourthly, this dissertation conducts logical structure design for PTSS on the basis of SIMPRE. It designs service model based on function hierarchy structure, introduces improved data flow diagram, analyzes internal relationship of subsystems, and then presents the complete system logical structure using improved data flow diagram.
Fifthly, this dissertation establishes the mapping of logical structure to physical structure for PTSS on the basis of SIMPRE, and also finishes the design of overall architecture, network structure, ticketing subsystem, station service system, revenue management system, customer focused contact center platform, data exchange platform and security platform.
Finally, taking Beijing-Tianjin high-speed regional rail line as an example, this dissertation describes its function hierarchy, logical and physical structure in order to validate the feasibility of SIMPRE.
首先,论文将已有的系统集成设计方法进行了分析,在此基础上提出了基于过程重构的系统集成方法(SIMPRE方法),并对此方法进行了详细阐述,并给出了特有的基于过程划分的服务提供侧和服务需求侧的需求分析模式,需求匹配、功能层次化以及逻辑结构设计中的改进数据流图。
其次,论文按照SIMPRE方法对铁路客运服务系统进行了需求分析,从过程划分、旅客侧需求分析、铁路侧需求分析等几方面作了详尽的分析和描述。
第三,论文按照SIMPRE方法对铁路客运服务系统进行了功能层次化设计,将需求匹配、功能聚类引入到功能层次化设计中,进行了需求匹配,功能单元定义,模糊关联强度可达矩阵建立,功能聚类分析,得到了铁路客运服务系统的功能层次结构。
第四,论文按照SIMPRE方法对铁路客运服务系统进行了逻辑结构设计,基于功能层次结构设计了服务模型,引入了改进的数据流图,分析了各子系统的内部关系,用改进的数据流图完整的展现了系统的逻辑结构。
第五,论文按照SIMPRE方法,完成了铁路客运服务系统从逻辑结构到物理结构的映射,并完成了总体物理结构、网络结构、票务子系统、旅客服务系统、营销策划系统、综合服务平台、数据平台和安全保障平台的物理结构设计。
最后,论文简单描述了作者将此方法应用在了京津城际铁路客运服务系统,验证了SIMPRE方法的科学性。
With the massive construction of railway passenger dedicated lines (PDL), railway passenger transit capacity will be greatly increased. PDL has the characteristics of high operating speed, high dispatch frequency, large volume of passengers, networked rail lines, more connection transfers and etc. These features pose more stringent requirements and greater challenges on railway passenger transit services. As one of the key systems of PDL, passenger traffic services system (PTSS) has the characteristics of extremely large scale, complex operation, numerous functions and hard to define objectives. Conducting integration design for this system is a very challenge topic issue. There are many research results on integration design both in China and abroad, but most of them concentrate on macroscopical research on system theory or microcosmic research on structure design. There is no complete integration design methodology covering requirement analysis, function hierarchy design, logical structure design and physical structure design. Based on the characteristics of system services, this dissertation studies the complete integration design methodology including service process partitioning, requirements analysis, engineering hierarchy, logical structure as well as physical structure design, and also points out issues that need further research efforts.
First, this dissertation analyzes existing system integration design methodologies, and on top of that proposes the system integration methodology with detailed description based on process reconstruction (SIMPRE). It also presents unique requirements analysis pattern, demand matching, function hierarchy, and improved data flow diagram in logical structure design, based on process partitioning at service providing side and service request side.
Next, this dissertation conducts deep requirements analysis and provides detailed description for PTSS on the basis of SIMPRE from several aspects including process partitioning, and requirements analysis at passenger side as well as operator side.
Thirdly, this dissertation conducts function hierarchy design for PDSS on the basis of SIMPRE, and introduces demand matching and function clustering into function hierarchy design. It matches demands, defines functional units, establishes fuzzy relevance strength reachability matrix, analyzes function clustering, and then obtains function hierarchy structure for PTSS.
Fourthly, this dissertation conducts logical structure design for PTSS on the basis of SIMPRE. It designs service model based on function hierarchy structure, introduces improved data flow diagram, analyzes internal relationship of subsystems, and then presents the complete system logical structure using improved data flow diagram.
Fifthly, this dissertation establishes the mapping of logical structure to physical structure for PTSS on the basis of SIMPRE, and also finishes the design of overall architecture, network structure, ticketing subsystem, station service system, revenue management system, customer focused contact center platform, data exchange platform and security platform.
Finally, taking Beijing-Tianjin high-speed regional rail line as an example, this dissertation describes its function hierarchy, logical and physical structure in order to validate the feasibility of SIMPRE.
引文
[1]张曙光.超大型工程系统集成理论与实践,科学出版社,2007(2)。
[2]钱学森.新技术革命与系统工程论系统工程(增订本),湖南科学技术出版社,1988。
[3]顾基发,王浣尘,唐锡晋等.综合集成方法体系与系统学研究,科学出版社,2007(1)。
[4]唐锡晋.综合集成与复杂系统(2004～2005),技术报告No.MSKS-2005-05, 2005.119～122。
[5]唐锡晋.综合集成与复杂系统(2005～2006),技术报告No.MSKS-2006-03, 2006.167～171.
[6]AltyJL, GriffithsD, JenningsNR,MamdaniEH, StruthersA,WiegandM E. ADEPT-Advanced Decision Environment for Process Tasks:Overview and Architecture [A]. Proc. BCS Expert Systems 94 Conference (Applications Track) [C], Cambridge, UK,1994.
[7]Mark S. Fox and Michael Gruninger, Ontologies for Enterprise Integration [A]. Second Conference on Cooperative Information Systems [C], Toronto,1994.
[8]Fade 1F, Fox MS, Gruninger M. A Resource Ontology for Enterprise Modelling [A]. Proceedings of the Industrial Engineering Research Conference[C],1994..1995-2004 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
[9]李红.管理信息系统,经济科学出版社,2002。
[10]王恩波.管理信息系统使用教程,电子工业出版社,2002。
[11]魏军,王威等.管理信息系统,国防工业出版社,1999。
[12]陈永生.管理信息系统分析与设计,广东人民出版社,2002。
[13]甘仞初.管理信息系统,机械工业出版社,2002。
[14]Alter, Steven L. Decision Support System:Current Practice and Continuing Challenges. Addsion-Wesley, Reading, Mass. (1980).
[15]Appleby, Chuck. "Client/Server on Tap, " Information Week no.366 (March 30,1992).
[16]Moran, Robert. "The Drive for Easier Access, " Information Week no.362 (March 2,1992).
[17]Mallach, Efrem G., and Dorothy Eastman. "Four Modes of Organizational Network Usage:An Information Management Framework for Organizational Assessment and Choice Management. " Proceedings. Information Resources Management Association International Conference, Boston, Mass. (May 1998).
[18]McCready, Scott C. "Work-Flow Software. " Computerworld 26, no.44 (November 2,1992).
[19]Barry Taint. Separating Presentation from Business Logic[J].Java Developers Journal, 2000, 7(2) :18～22.
[20]Ahern, D. M., Clouse, A., Turner, R.,2003. Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction-Human-Centred Lifecycle Process Descriptions. Addison-Wesley, New York.
[21]Booher, H.R.,2003. Handbook of Human Systems Integration. Wiley Interscience, New York.
[22]Dobson, J. E., Martin, M. J., et al.,1991. Determining Requirements for CSCW:The ORDIT Approach. Collaborative Work, Social Communications and Information Systems. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsteradm.
[23]System integration in automotive power systems; Gerber, M.; Marz, M.;Power Electronics and Applications,2005 European Conference on 11-14 Sept.2005 Page(s):10 pp.
[24]Towards a roadmap for power electronics system integration; Mathuna, S. C.0.; Ferreira, B.; van Wyk, D.; Power Electronics and Applications,2005 European Conference on; 11-14 Sept.2005 Page(s):9 pp.
[25]Power electronics building block and system integration; Lee, F. C.;Dengming Peng; Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference,2000. Proceedings. IPEMC 2000. The Third International; Vol 1,15-18Aug.2000 Page(s):1-8 vol.1
[26]Three dimensional integration based on Power Module Technology; J. A. Ferreira; M. B. Gerber; Conference for Integrated Power Systems, CIPS 2002, VDE International Conference, Page(s):35-43
[27]Magnetic component miniaturisation for applications in power electronic modules; Gerber, M.; Ferreira, J. A.; Seliger, N.; Hofsajer, I. W.;Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Integrated PowerElectronic Systes, CIPS 2006, Naples, Italy 7-9 June 2006
[28]Wenduo Liu; Dirker, J.; van Wyk, J. D.; " Power density improvement in integrated electromagnetic passive modules with embedded heat extractors " Industry Applications Conference,2004.39th IAS AnnualMeeting. Conference Record of the 2004 IEEE,Vol:4,3-7 Oct. 2004,Pg:2303-2308
[29]J. Dirker, W. Liu, J. D. van Wyk, J. P. Meyer, "Evaluation of Embedded Heat Extraction for High Density Integrated Electromagnetic Power Passives "; Proceedings of the 35th annual IEEE Power Electronic Specialist Conference, PESC 2004, Aachen, Germany,20-25 June 2004, pp4888-4893
[30]Integral design of a high power density ISM; Gerber, M.; Ferreira, J. A.; Seliger, N.; Hofsajer, I. W.; Power Electronics and Applications, 2005 European Conference on; 11-14 Sept.2005
[31]Design and evaluation of highly integrated dc-dc converters for automotive applications; Popovic, J.; Ferreira, J. A.; Industry Applications Conference,2005. Fourtieth IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 2005 Volume 2,2-6 Oct.2005 Page(s):1152-1159 Vol.
[32]Integrated Flex Winding Realisation for 3D PCB Converters; de Jong, E. C. W.; Ferreira, J. A.; Bauer, P.; Power Electronics Specialists Conference,2006. PESC'06.37th IEEE 18-22 June 2006 Page (s):1-7
[33]3D integration with PCB technology; de Jong, E.C. W.; Ferreira, L. A.;Bauer, P.; Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2006. APEC'06. Twenty-First Annual IEEE 19-23 March 2006 Page(s):7 pp.
[34]K. S. Cheung and K.O. Chow (2005), "Analysis of Manufacturing Systems Based on Augmented Marked Graphs", Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation, Vol.2, pp.847-851, IEEE Computer Society Press,2005.
[35]P. Huang, P. Kar, and Chad Fandrich, "Using Modeling and Simulation for Rapid Prototyping and System Integration", IEE explore. Restrictions apply. April 2009
[36]M. Gerber, J. A. Ferreira, "A system integration philosophy for demanding requirements in power electronics",Electrical Power Processing Delft University of Technology Delft, IEE explore. Restrictions apply. April 2009
[37]贾利民,李平等.铁路智能运输系统的体系框架,中国铁路,2003(9)。
[38]贾利民,王卓.铁路智能运输系统设计优化理论与方法,中国铁道出版社。
[2]钱学森.新技术革命与系统工程论系统工程(增订本),湖南科学技术出版社,1988。
[3]顾基发,王浣尘,唐锡晋等.综合集成方法体系与系统学研究,科学出版社,2007(1)。
[4]唐锡晋.综合集成与复杂系统(2004～2005),技术报告No.MSKS-2005-05, 2005.119～122。
[5]唐锡晋.综合集成与复杂系统(2005～2006),技术报告No.MSKS-2006-03, 2006.167～171.
[6]AltyJL, GriffithsD, JenningsNR,MamdaniEH, StruthersA,WiegandM E. ADEPT-Advanced Decision Environment for Process Tasks:Overview and Architecture [A]. Proc. BCS Expert Systems 94 Conference (Applications Track) [C], Cambridge, UK,1994.
[7]Mark S. Fox and Michael Gruninger, Ontologies for Enterprise Integration [A]. Second Conference on Cooperative Information Systems [C], Toronto,1994.
[8]Fade 1F, Fox MS, Gruninger M. A Resource Ontology for Enterprise Modelling [A]. Proceedings of the Industrial Engineering Research Conference[C],1994..1995-2004 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
[9]李红.管理信息系统,经济科学出版社,2002。
[10]王恩波.管理信息系统使用教程,电子工业出版社,2002。
[11]魏军,王威等.管理信息系统,国防工业出版社,1999。
[12]陈永生.管理信息系统分析与设计,广东人民出版社,2002。
[13]甘仞初.管理信息系统,机械工业出版社,2002。
[14]Alter, Steven L. Decision Support System:Current Practice and Continuing Challenges. Addsion-Wesley, Reading, Mass. (1980).
[15]Appleby, Chuck. "Client/Server on Tap, " Information Week no.366 (March 30,1992).
[16]Moran, Robert. "The Drive for Easier Access, " Information Week no.362 (March 2,1992).
[17]Mallach, Efrem G., and Dorothy Eastman. "Four Modes of Organizational Network Usage:An Information Management Framework for Organizational Assessment and Choice Management. " Proceedings. Information Resources Management Association International Conference, Boston, Mass. (May 1998).
[18]McCready, Scott C. "Work-Flow Software. " Computerworld 26, no.44 (November 2,1992).
[19]Barry Taint. Separating Presentation from Business Logic[J].Java Developers Journal, 2000, 7(2) :18～22.
[20]Ahern, D. M., Clouse, A., Turner, R.,2003. Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction-Human-Centred Lifecycle Process Descriptions. Addison-Wesley, New York.
[21]Booher, H.R.,2003. Handbook of Human Systems Integration. Wiley Interscience, New York.
[22]Dobson, J. E., Martin, M. J., et al.,1991. Determining Requirements for CSCW:The ORDIT Approach. Collaborative Work, Social Communications and Information Systems. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsteradm.
[23]System integration in automotive power systems; Gerber, M.; Marz, M.;Power Electronics and Applications,2005 European Conference on 11-14 Sept.2005 Page(s):10 pp.
[24]Towards a roadmap for power electronics system integration; Mathuna, S. C.0.; Ferreira, B.; van Wyk, D.; Power Electronics and Applications,2005 European Conference on; 11-14 Sept.2005 Page(s):9 pp.
[25]Power electronics building block and system integration; Lee, F. C.;Dengming Peng; Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference,2000. Proceedings. IPEMC 2000. The Third International; Vol 1,15-18Aug.2000 Page(s):1-8 vol.1
[26]Three dimensional integration based on Power Module Technology; J. A. Ferreira; M. B. Gerber; Conference for Integrated Power Systems, CIPS 2002, VDE International Conference, Page(s):35-43
[27]Magnetic component miniaturisation for applications in power electronic modules; Gerber, M.; Ferreira, J. A.; Seliger, N.; Hofsajer, I. W.;Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Integrated PowerElectronic Systes, CIPS 2006, Naples, Italy 7-9 June 2006
[28]Wenduo Liu; Dirker, J.; van Wyk, J. D.; " Power density improvement in integrated electromagnetic passive modules with embedded heat extractors " Industry Applications Conference,2004.39th IAS AnnualMeeting. Conference Record of the 2004 IEEE,Vol:4,3-7 Oct. 2004,Pg:2303-2308
[29]J. Dirker, W. Liu, J. D. van Wyk, J. P. Meyer, "Evaluation of Embedded Heat Extraction for High Density Integrated Electromagnetic Power Passives "; Proceedings of the 35th annual IEEE Power Electronic Specialist Conference, PESC 2004, Aachen, Germany,20-25 June 2004, pp4888-4893
[30]Integral design of a high power density ISM; Gerber, M.; Ferreira, J. A.; Seliger, N.; Hofsajer, I. W.; Power Electronics and Applications, 2005 European Conference on; 11-14 Sept.2005
[31]Design and evaluation of highly integrated dc-dc converters for automotive applications; Popovic, J.; Ferreira, J. A.; Industry Applications Conference,2005. Fourtieth IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 2005 Volume 2,2-6 Oct.2005 Page(s):1152-1159 Vol.
[32]Integrated Flex Winding Realisation for 3D PCB Converters; de Jong, E. C. W.; Ferreira, J. A.; Bauer, P.; Power Electronics Specialists Conference,2006. PESC'06.37th IEEE 18-22 June 2006 Page (s):1-7
[33]3D integration with PCB technology; de Jong, E.C. W.; Ferreira, L. A.;Bauer, P.; Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2006. APEC'06. Twenty-First Annual IEEE 19-23 March 2006 Page(s):7 pp.
[34]K. S. Cheung and K.O. Chow (2005), "Analysis of Manufacturing Systems Based on Augmented Marked Graphs", Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation, Vol.2, pp.847-851, IEEE Computer Society Press,2005.
[35]P. Huang, P. Kar, and Chad Fandrich, "Using Modeling and Simulation for Rapid Prototyping and System Integration", IEE explore. Restrictions apply. April 2009
[36]M. Gerber, J. A. Ferreira, "A system integration philosophy for demanding requirements in power electronics",Electrical Power Processing Delft University of Technology Delft, IEE explore. Restrictions apply. April 2009
[37]贾利民,李平等.铁路智能运输系统的体系框架,中国铁路,2003(9)。
[38]贾利民,王卓.铁路智能运输系统设计优化理论与方法,中国铁道出版社。
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