过敏性紫癜性肾炎与中医体质的相关性研究
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摘要
目的
探讨紫癜肾患者中医体质的分布规律,是否存在体质易感性；探讨紫癜肾的发生临床表型、病理分级与中医体质的相关性。探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)缺失／插入基因多态性与紫癜肾的遗传易感性、临床表型、病理分级、中医体质的相关性。
方法
对符合纳入标准的紫癜肾患者,进行中医体质的调查问卷,收集患者的一般情况、临床指标、中医证候、病理分级等相关资料。运用现代统计方法,对这些资料进行统计学分析,探讨不同体质类型在本病中的基本特点。‘通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测紫癜肾患者ACE基因多态性,并结合紫癜肾的发病、临床表型、肾脏病理分级、中医体质,分析其之间的相关性。
结果
1.紫癜肾患者以虚性体质占据多数,其主要体质类型是燥红质,共54例,占42.86%。实性体质中以晦涩质为多,共9例,占7.14%。说明本病多发于体质相对虚弱的患者。
2.紫癜肾患者中年龄、性别、民族与体质类型间未见明显差异。但发病季节和发病诱因与体质类型存在一定关系。紫癜性肾炎患者好发于冬春季节,但倦恍质、腻滞质好发于夏秋季节。经两两比较后,迟冷质与倦恍质在发病季节上有显著差异,迟冷质好发于冬春季节。腻滞质与燥红质、迟冷质在发病季节上也有显著差异,腻滞质好发于夏秋季节。各体质组间发病诱因分布情况存在显著差异,其中燥红质、迟冷质诱因多为食物、药物,倦恍质诱因多为感冒,其余体质无明显偏向。
3.中医体质类型与过敏性紫癜性肾炎的证候相关,是其高危因素和重要特质,其中燥红质患者多为阴虚内热,瘀血阻滞证,而倦恍质和迟冷质均表现为脾气亏虚,气不摄血证。
4.不同的体质不仅有不同的临床症状,同时也呈现出不同的客观临床指标。燥红质患者尿蛋白定量显著高于倦恍质及晦涩质患者,腻滞质患者尿蛋白定量显著高于倦恍质患者。燥红质患者尿红细胞相对较多,倦恍质患者尿红细胞最少。在生化指标中,除甘油三酯中以倦恍质为最高外,其余均无统计学意义。在血凝指标中,燥红质患者的PT显著小于迟冷质和晦涩质患者。在免疫学指标中差异不显著。
5.不同体质的肾脏病理也存在一定差异,迟冷质患者病理分级以1V级居多,病理较重,预后较差,燥红质患者病理分级以II级居多,病理较轻,预后较好。
6.DD基因型及D等位基因可能为紫癜肾发病的遗传易感基因。
7.DD基因型和携带D等位基因可能会增加紫癜肾患者发生中大量蛋白尿的机率。ACE基因多态性可能与紫癜肾患者血尿的多少无关。DI型基因频率在肾功能不全组显著高于肾功能正常组。但D和I等位基因频率在肾功能不全组和肾功能正常组无显著差异。ACE基因可能对免疫学指标没有影响。
8.DD基因型可能是紫癜肾患者发生中、重度肾脏病理损害的遗传易感基因。
9.Ⅱ型基因在燥红质患者中显著高于迟冷质患者。倦恍质、迟冷质患者I等位基因频率显著低于燥红质患者。
结论
1.紫癜性肾炎患者存在体质易感性,其主要体质类型是燥红质。
2.中医体质类型与紫癜性肾炎的证候相关,是紫癜性肾炎高危因素和重要特质。
3.中医体质与紫癜肾患者的年龄、性别、民族无关,与发病季节、发病诱因、临床表型、病理分级存在差异。
4.DD基因型及D等位基因可能为紫癜肾发病的遗传易感基因。Ⅱ基因型可能是保护性基因。
5.DD基因型可能会增加紫癜肾患者发生中大量蛋白尿、肾功能不全、中重度肾脏病理损害的机率。
Object i ve
Discussion on distribution regularity of TCM Constitution of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Nephritis patients, the existence of constitutional predisposition. Discussion The correlation between the occurrence of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, clinical phenotype, pathological classification and TCM Constitution. To investigate the correlation between the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion polymorphism and the genetic susceptibility of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, clinical phenotype, pathological grade, TCM Constitution.
Methods
For patients who met inclusion criteria, TCM Constitution questionnaire, collecting the general condition of patients, clinical index, TCM syndrome, pathological classification data. Using modern statistical methods statistical analysis for the above data. Exploring the basic characteristics of different constitution in this disease. By polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in patients with ACE gene polymorphism. Combined with the onset of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, clinical phenotype, pathological classification, constitution of traditional Chinese Medicine. Correlation analysis between them.
Results
1. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients with empty physique majority. The main type of constitution is dry and heat constitution, amount to54cases, accounting for42.86%. Solid body to dull and obscure constitution as much, amount to9cases, accounting for7.14%. That patients with the disease occurred in relatively weak physique.
2. There is no significant difference between Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients age, gender, nationality and type of constitution. But, it exist certain relationship between the seasonal incidence and predisposing factors and type of constitution. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis usually occurres in winter and spring. But the fatigue and trance constitution, greasy and stagnate constitution usually occur in summer and Autumn. After two two more, slow and cold constitution and dry and heat constitution has a significant difference in the incidence of seasonal, slow and cold constitution usually occurs in winter and spring seasons. Greasy and stagnate constitution and dry and heat constitution, slow and cold constitution also have significant differences in the incidence of seasonal. Greasy and stagnate constitution usually occurs in summer and Autumn. There was a significant difference between the group of the constitution of predisposing factors distribution. The dry and heat constitution, slow and cold constitution incentives for food, drugs, when fatigue and trance constitution inducement is cold. The other constitution has no obvious bias.
3. TCM constitution types have associated with syndrome of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis.It is high risk factors and important traits of Ilenoch-Schonlein purpura nephr it is. Dry and heat constitution than for patients with internal heat due to yin deficiency, blood stasis syndrome. The fatigue and trance constitution and slow and cold constitution showed spleen qi deficiency, syndrome of Qi failing to control blood.
4. Different constitution not only have different clinical symptoms, while also showing clinical objective indexes of different. Dry and heat constitution patients urinary protein was significantly higher than that of fatigue and trance constitution and dull and obscure constitution patients. Greasy and stagnate constitution urinary protein was significantly higher than that of fatigue and trance constitution. Dry and heat constitution cells of patients with urinary red relatively, while fatigue and trance constitution with a minimum quality of red blood cells in urine. The biochemical indexes, in addition to fatigue and trance constitution for the highest triglyceride, others had no statistical significance. In the blood coagulation index, dry and heat constitution in patients with PT was significantly less than slow and cold constitution and obscure quality of patients. There is no significant differences in the immunological indexes.
5. Different constitution has different renal pathology, slow and cold constitution patients with pathological grading IV are heavier, pathology, prognosis. Dry and heat constitution patients with pathologic grade II are lighter, pathology, prognosis.
6. Genetic DD genotype and D allele may be the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis susceptibility gene.
7. DD genotype and carrying the D allele may increase the probability of a lot of proteinuria in patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis. ACE gene polymorphism may independent of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients with hematuria. The DI genotype frequency in renal insufficiency group was significantly higher than that in the normal renal function group. But the D and I allele frequencies in the renal dysfunction group and the normal renal function group is no significant differences.
8. DD genotype may be a susceptible gene, which Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients genetic occurrence severe renal pathological damage.
9. The Ⅱ gene in the dry and heat constitution patients was significantly higher than that in slow and cold constitution patients. The I allele frequency in the fatigue and trance constitution, slow and cold constitution patients was significantly lower than that of dry and heat constitution patients.
Conelusions
1. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients have constitutional predisposition, the main type of constitution is dry and heat constitution.
2. TCM.constitutional types are Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis risk factors and important traits, which is related to Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis syndrome.
3. There is no significant difference between Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients age, gender, nationality and type of constitution. But, it exist certain relationship between the seasonal incidence, predisposing factors, Clinical and pathological grade.
4. Genetic DD genotype and D allele may be the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis susceptibility gene. Ⅱ genotype may be a protective gene.
5. DD genotype may increase the incidence of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in patients with heavy proteinuria, renal insufficiency, severe renal damage.
探讨紫癜肾患者中医体质的分布规律,是否存在体质易感性；探讨紫癜肾的发生临床表型、病理分级与中医体质的相关性。探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)缺失／插入基因多态性与紫癜肾的遗传易感性、临床表型、病理分级、中医体质的相关性。
方法
对符合纳入标准的紫癜肾患者,进行中医体质的调查问卷,收集患者的一般情况、临床指标、中医证候、病理分级等相关资料。运用现代统计方法,对这些资料进行统计学分析,探讨不同体质类型在本病中的基本特点。‘通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测紫癜肾患者ACE基因多态性,并结合紫癜肾的发病、临床表型、肾脏病理分级、中医体质,分析其之间的相关性。
结果
1.紫癜肾患者以虚性体质占据多数,其主要体质类型是燥红质,共54例,占42.86%。实性体质中以晦涩质为多,共9例,占7.14%。说明本病多发于体质相对虚弱的患者。
2.紫癜肾患者中年龄、性别、民族与体质类型间未见明显差异。但发病季节和发病诱因与体质类型存在一定关系。紫癜性肾炎患者好发于冬春季节,但倦恍质、腻滞质好发于夏秋季节。经两两比较后,迟冷质与倦恍质在发病季节上有显著差异,迟冷质好发于冬春季节。腻滞质与燥红质、迟冷质在发病季节上也有显著差异,腻滞质好发于夏秋季节。各体质组间发病诱因分布情况存在显著差异,其中燥红质、迟冷质诱因多为食物、药物,倦恍质诱因多为感冒,其余体质无明显偏向。
3.中医体质类型与过敏性紫癜性肾炎的证候相关,是其高危因素和重要特质,其中燥红质患者多为阴虚内热,瘀血阻滞证,而倦恍质和迟冷质均表现为脾气亏虚,气不摄血证。
4.不同的体质不仅有不同的临床症状,同时也呈现出不同的客观临床指标。燥红质患者尿蛋白定量显著高于倦恍质及晦涩质患者,腻滞质患者尿蛋白定量显著高于倦恍质患者。燥红质患者尿红细胞相对较多,倦恍质患者尿红细胞最少。在生化指标中,除甘油三酯中以倦恍质为最高外,其余均无统计学意义。在血凝指标中,燥红质患者的PT显著小于迟冷质和晦涩质患者。在免疫学指标中差异不显著。
5.不同体质的肾脏病理也存在一定差异,迟冷质患者病理分级以1V级居多,病理较重,预后较差,燥红质患者病理分级以II级居多,病理较轻,预后较好。
6.DD基因型及D等位基因可能为紫癜肾发病的遗传易感基因。
7.DD基因型和携带D等位基因可能会增加紫癜肾患者发生中大量蛋白尿的机率。ACE基因多态性可能与紫癜肾患者血尿的多少无关。DI型基因频率在肾功能不全组显著高于肾功能正常组。但D和I等位基因频率在肾功能不全组和肾功能正常组无显著差异。ACE基因可能对免疫学指标没有影响。
8.DD基因型可能是紫癜肾患者发生中、重度肾脏病理损害的遗传易感基因。
9.Ⅱ型基因在燥红质患者中显著高于迟冷质患者。倦恍质、迟冷质患者I等位基因频率显著低于燥红质患者。
结论
1.紫癜性肾炎患者存在体质易感性,其主要体质类型是燥红质。
2.中医体质类型与紫癜性肾炎的证候相关,是紫癜性肾炎高危因素和重要特质。
3.中医体质与紫癜肾患者的年龄、性别、民族无关,与发病季节、发病诱因、临床表型、病理分级存在差异。
4.DD基因型及D等位基因可能为紫癜肾发病的遗传易感基因。Ⅱ基因型可能是保护性基因。
5.DD基因型可能会增加紫癜肾患者发生中大量蛋白尿、肾功能不全、中重度肾脏病理损害的机率。
Object i ve
Discussion on distribution regularity of TCM Constitution of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Nephritis patients, the existence of constitutional predisposition. Discussion The correlation between the occurrence of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, clinical phenotype, pathological classification and TCM Constitution. To investigate the correlation between the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion polymorphism and the genetic susceptibility of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, clinical phenotype, pathological grade, TCM Constitution.
Methods
For patients who met inclusion criteria, TCM Constitution questionnaire, collecting the general condition of patients, clinical index, TCM syndrome, pathological classification data. Using modern statistical methods statistical analysis for the above data. Exploring the basic characteristics of different constitution in this disease. By polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in patients with ACE gene polymorphism. Combined with the onset of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, clinical phenotype, pathological classification, constitution of traditional Chinese Medicine. Correlation analysis between them.
Results
1. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients with empty physique majority. The main type of constitution is dry and heat constitution, amount to54cases, accounting for42.86%. Solid body to dull and obscure constitution as much, amount to9cases, accounting for7.14%. That patients with the disease occurred in relatively weak physique.
2. There is no significant difference between Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients age, gender, nationality and type of constitution. But, it exist certain relationship between the seasonal incidence and predisposing factors and type of constitution. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis usually occurres in winter and spring. But the fatigue and trance constitution, greasy and stagnate constitution usually occur in summer and Autumn. After two two more, slow and cold constitution and dry and heat constitution has a significant difference in the incidence of seasonal, slow and cold constitution usually occurs in winter and spring seasons. Greasy and stagnate constitution and dry and heat constitution, slow and cold constitution also have significant differences in the incidence of seasonal. Greasy and stagnate constitution usually occurs in summer and Autumn. There was a significant difference between the group of the constitution of predisposing factors distribution. The dry and heat constitution, slow and cold constitution incentives for food, drugs, when fatigue and trance constitution inducement is cold. The other constitution has no obvious bias.
3. TCM constitution types have associated with syndrome of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis.It is high risk factors and important traits of Ilenoch-Schonlein purpura nephr it is. Dry and heat constitution than for patients with internal heat due to yin deficiency, blood stasis syndrome. The fatigue and trance constitution and slow and cold constitution showed spleen qi deficiency, syndrome of Qi failing to control blood.
4. Different constitution not only have different clinical symptoms, while also showing clinical objective indexes of different. Dry and heat constitution patients urinary protein was significantly higher than that of fatigue and trance constitution and dull and obscure constitution patients. Greasy and stagnate constitution urinary protein was significantly higher than that of fatigue and trance constitution. Dry and heat constitution cells of patients with urinary red relatively, while fatigue and trance constitution with a minimum quality of red blood cells in urine. The biochemical indexes, in addition to fatigue and trance constitution for the highest triglyceride, others had no statistical significance. In the blood coagulation index, dry and heat constitution in patients with PT was significantly less than slow and cold constitution and obscure quality of patients. There is no significant differences in the immunological indexes.
5. Different constitution has different renal pathology, slow and cold constitution patients with pathological grading IV are heavier, pathology, prognosis. Dry and heat constitution patients with pathologic grade II are lighter, pathology, prognosis.
6. Genetic DD genotype and D allele may be the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis susceptibility gene.
7. DD genotype and carrying the D allele may increase the probability of a lot of proteinuria in patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis. ACE gene polymorphism may independent of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients with hematuria. The DI genotype frequency in renal insufficiency group was significantly higher than that in the normal renal function group. But the D and I allele frequencies in the renal dysfunction group and the normal renal function group is no significant differences.
8. DD genotype may be a susceptible gene, which Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients genetic occurrence severe renal pathological damage.
9. The Ⅱ gene in the dry and heat constitution patients was significantly higher than that in slow and cold constitution patients. The I allele frequency in the fatigue and trance constitution, slow and cold constitution patients was significantly lower than that of dry and heat constitution patients.
Conelusions
1. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients have constitutional predisposition, the main type of constitution is dry and heat constitution.
2. TCM.constitutional types are Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis risk factors and important traits, which is related to Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis syndrome.
3. There is no significant difference between Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis patients age, gender, nationality and type of constitution. But, it exist certain relationship between the seasonal incidence, predisposing factors, Clinical and pathological grade.
4. Genetic DD genotype and D allele may be the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis susceptibility gene. Ⅱ genotype may be a protective gene.
5. DD genotype may increase the incidence of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in patients with heavy proteinuria, renal insufficiency, severe renal damage.
引文
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