渤南洼陷泥岩裂缝油气藏储层发育及成藏规律研究
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摘要
本文综合运用地质、地化、地球物理等资料,分析渤南洼陷泥岩裂缝油气藏特征及裂缝储层的发育特征,深入剖析泥岩裂缝储层发育的控制因素;以岩心描述刻度录井、测井资料,建立裂缝发育的岩电识别标准,在上述研究的基础上,总结泥岩裂缝油气藏的成藏规律,进而预测渤南洼陷沙三下亚段泥岩裂缝油气藏发育区。
渤南洼陷沙三下亚段烃源岩良好,泥岩裂缝油气藏很大程度上受控于裂缝储层的发育。根据储层的岩石学特征,泥质岩储层主要分为四种岩性组合:灰质泥岩和泥灰岩组合、变质泥岩和火成岩组合、油页岩和油泥岩互层、含砂质条带泥岩和油页岩。
根据裂缝成因,将裂缝分为构造裂缝、成岩缝、异常压力缝、变质收缩缝,研究区构造裂缝最发育。采用断地比对构造裂缝进行预测,断地比参数值12%为裂缝发育的下限;采用等效深度法计算地层压力,压力系数值1.3为异常压力缝发育的下限;渤南洼陷1500m以下的地层划分为早成岩A、B期和晚成岩A、B、C期,晚成岩A期产生大量的成岩缝;变质收缩缝受作为岩浆上涌通道的断层控制。
总结泥岩裂缝油气藏的成藏规律为:泥岩裂缝油气藏生储盖集于一身,储层为烃源岩内部的裂缝发育段,盖层为其周围的致密泥岩;生烃门限以下的泥岩裂缝储层发育程度控制着油气富集程度,油气藏的分布与异常高压区具一致性,单井产能与地层压力呈正相关关系,罗家缓坡带富钙质、硅质的灰质泥岩和泥灰岩组合最利于裂缝的形成,东营期活动性强、成藏期活动性弱的断层附近,有利于成藏。
以岩心刻度测井,分析裂缝发育段测井响应特征,利用交会图法、因子分析技术,进行测井曲线重构,建立不同岩性组合的裂缝岩电识别模式,综合裂缝发育的控制因素,裂缝储层分为三级:Ⅰ类储层、Ⅱ类储层、Ⅲ类储层,预测泥岩裂缝发育区:Ⅰ类储层主要发育于缓坡带罗42井至新义深9井以及罗151块,Ⅱ类储层主要在罗家鼻状构造带西翼及新义深9井北至渤深4断层发育,Ⅲ类储层在其他区域零星分布。
Based on the data of geology, geochemistry and geophysics, this paper analyzes characteristics of fractured shale reservoirs and the development characteristics of the fractured reservoir in Bonan Sub-Sagin, analyzes the control facts of fractured shale reservoir development in-depth; By core calibration logging, the litho-electric identification standards of fracture development have been established, on the basis of these studies, this paper summarizes the hydrocarbon accumulation regularity of fractured shale reservoirs and predicts the fractured shale reservoir development areas in lower Sha3 of Bonan Sub-Sagin.
The source rocks are good in lower Sha3 of Bonan Sub-sag, and fractured shale reservoirs are controlled by the development degree of fractured shale reservoir. Based on petrology character of reservoir, muddy reservoir could be classified into four lithologic association patterns: lime-mudstone and marlite association, metamorphic mudstone and igneous roc association, oil shale and oil mudstone interbed association, sandy belt mudstone and mudstone association.
On the Base of controlling factors of fracture, the fractures are divided into structural fracture, diagenetic fracture, abnormal pressure fracture and metamorphic contraction fracture by corresponding, and the structural fracture is the most in the research area. Adopting the fault-stratum ratio to predict the structural fractures, the paper compares the parameter value of 12% as the lower limit of structural fractures; using the method of equivalent depth to calculate formation pressure, the paper compares the pressure coefficient of 1.3 as the lower joints of the development of abnormal pressure fractures; The formation below 1500m in Bonan Sub-Sagin is divided into early diagenetic A, B phase and late diagenetic A, B, C phase, and a lot of diagenetic fractures form in late diagenetic A phase; The metamorphic contraction fractures are controled by the faults that regard as the upwelling channels of magma .
On the basis of these studies, the hydrocarbon accumulation regularity of fractured shale reservoirs is summarized as follows: The source -reservoir-cap of fractured shale reservoirs rolle into one, reservoir is fracture growth area within source rocks, the cap is the dense mudstone around source rocks. The development level of fractured shale reservoir following Hydrocarbon-generating threshold controls the hydrocarbon enrichment degree. The distribution of reservoirs consistes with abnormal-high pressure area and the single well productivity is positively related to formation pressure. Lime mudstone and marlite association with rich Calcium, siliceous in Luojia gentle slope is most conducived to the formation of fracture and those faults which were active in Dongying period and unactive in accumulation stage are beneficial to the hydrocarbon accumulation.
By core calibration logging,analyzing the characteristics of the mudstone fracture in conventional logging data, using cross-plot and principal factor analysis to reconstruct the log curve, fracture identification modes of different lithologic associations are established. Integrating controlling factors of fracture, fracture reservoir has three levels:Ⅰclass reservoir,Ⅱclass reservoir,Ⅲclass reservoir and this paper predicts fractured shale development areas as follows:Ⅰclass reservoir developed in Luojia gentle slope from Luo 42 north to Xinyishen 9 and Luo 151 area;Ⅱclass reservoir developed in west wing of Luojia nasal shape tectonic belt and the area from Xinyishen 9 to Boshen 4 fault;Ⅲclass reservoir scattered in other areas.
渤南洼陷沙三下亚段烃源岩良好,泥岩裂缝油气藏很大程度上受控于裂缝储层的发育。根据储层的岩石学特征,泥质岩储层主要分为四种岩性组合:灰质泥岩和泥灰岩组合、变质泥岩和火成岩组合、油页岩和油泥岩互层、含砂质条带泥岩和油页岩。
根据裂缝成因,将裂缝分为构造裂缝、成岩缝、异常压力缝、变质收缩缝,研究区构造裂缝最发育。采用断地比对构造裂缝进行预测,断地比参数值12%为裂缝发育的下限;采用等效深度法计算地层压力,压力系数值1.3为异常压力缝发育的下限;渤南洼陷1500m以下的地层划分为早成岩A、B期和晚成岩A、B、C期,晚成岩A期产生大量的成岩缝;变质收缩缝受作为岩浆上涌通道的断层控制。
总结泥岩裂缝油气藏的成藏规律为:泥岩裂缝油气藏生储盖集于一身,储层为烃源岩内部的裂缝发育段,盖层为其周围的致密泥岩;生烃门限以下的泥岩裂缝储层发育程度控制着油气富集程度,油气藏的分布与异常高压区具一致性,单井产能与地层压力呈正相关关系,罗家缓坡带富钙质、硅质的灰质泥岩和泥灰岩组合最利于裂缝的形成,东营期活动性强、成藏期活动性弱的断层附近,有利于成藏。
以岩心刻度测井,分析裂缝发育段测井响应特征,利用交会图法、因子分析技术,进行测井曲线重构,建立不同岩性组合的裂缝岩电识别模式,综合裂缝发育的控制因素,裂缝储层分为三级:Ⅰ类储层、Ⅱ类储层、Ⅲ类储层,预测泥岩裂缝发育区:Ⅰ类储层主要发育于缓坡带罗42井至新义深9井以及罗151块,Ⅱ类储层主要在罗家鼻状构造带西翼及新义深9井北至渤深4断层发育,Ⅲ类储层在其他区域零星分布。
Based on the data of geology, geochemistry and geophysics, this paper analyzes characteristics of fractured shale reservoirs and the development characteristics of the fractured reservoir in Bonan Sub-Sagin, analyzes the control facts of fractured shale reservoir development in-depth; By core calibration logging, the litho-electric identification standards of fracture development have been established, on the basis of these studies, this paper summarizes the hydrocarbon accumulation regularity of fractured shale reservoirs and predicts the fractured shale reservoir development areas in lower Sha3 of Bonan Sub-Sagin.
The source rocks are good in lower Sha3 of Bonan Sub-sag, and fractured shale reservoirs are controlled by the development degree of fractured shale reservoir. Based on petrology character of reservoir, muddy reservoir could be classified into four lithologic association patterns: lime-mudstone and marlite association, metamorphic mudstone and igneous roc association, oil shale and oil mudstone interbed association, sandy belt mudstone and mudstone association.
On the Base of controlling factors of fracture, the fractures are divided into structural fracture, diagenetic fracture, abnormal pressure fracture and metamorphic contraction fracture by corresponding, and the structural fracture is the most in the research area. Adopting the fault-stratum ratio to predict the structural fractures, the paper compares the parameter value of 12% as the lower limit of structural fractures; using the method of equivalent depth to calculate formation pressure, the paper compares the pressure coefficient of 1.3 as the lower joints of the development of abnormal pressure fractures; The formation below 1500m in Bonan Sub-Sagin is divided into early diagenetic A, B phase and late diagenetic A, B, C phase, and a lot of diagenetic fractures form in late diagenetic A phase; The metamorphic contraction fractures are controled by the faults that regard as the upwelling channels of magma .
On the basis of these studies, the hydrocarbon accumulation regularity of fractured shale reservoirs is summarized as follows: The source -reservoir-cap of fractured shale reservoirs rolle into one, reservoir is fracture growth area within source rocks, the cap is the dense mudstone around source rocks. The development level of fractured shale reservoir following Hydrocarbon-generating threshold controls the hydrocarbon enrichment degree. The distribution of reservoirs consistes with abnormal-high pressure area and the single well productivity is positively related to formation pressure. Lime mudstone and marlite association with rich Calcium, siliceous in Luojia gentle slope is most conducived to the formation of fracture and those faults which were active in Dongying period and unactive in accumulation stage are beneficial to the hydrocarbon accumulation.
By core calibration logging,analyzing the characteristics of the mudstone fracture in conventional logging data, using cross-plot and principal factor analysis to reconstruct the log curve, fracture identification modes of different lithologic associations are established. Integrating controlling factors of fracture, fracture reservoir has three levels:Ⅰclass reservoir,Ⅱclass reservoir,Ⅲclass reservoir and this paper predicts fractured shale development areas as follows:Ⅰclass reservoir developed in Luojia gentle slope from Luo 42 north to Xinyishen 9 and Luo 151 area;Ⅱclass reservoir developed in west wing of Luojia nasal shape tectonic belt and the area from Xinyishen 9 to Boshen 4 fault;Ⅲclass reservoir scattered in other areas.
引文
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