基于Adobe Flex的网络视频GIS设计与实现
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摘要
地理视频(Geo Video)是将视频数据与空间数据集成,获得具有空间参照的视频影像,是地理空间表达的新方式。视频GIS (VideoGIS)是用来采集、编辑、管理、分发与应用地理视频的信息系统,是对传统多媒体GIS的扩展。本文回顾了国内外地理视频与视频GIS的研究进展,根据目前研究中存在的问题及当前技术发展,设计了地理视频数据模型,采用XML描述地理视频,设计了基于RIA的网络视频GIS体系结构,并在Adobe Flex框架中实现了一个RIA视频GIS原型。基于RIA模式的网络视频GIS改进了传统多媒体GIS存在的缺点,将推动GIS的大众化与普适化应用。
本文的研究思路是：基于地理视频数据模型,采集、编辑和管理地理视频数据,并以Web服务方式发布；使用RIA、Mashup等技术整合多种Web服务,设计开发RIA模式的网络视频GIS。首先,设计视频GIS框架,包括系统结构、基本功能、数据模型和视频GIS数据库。其次,按照地理视频数据处理流程,在Adobe Flex框架下实现地理视频智能化流程处理、智能化数据服务发布。最后,进行应用系统集成,并以具有良好用户体验的Flash提供给最终用户。
本文的数据处理、系统设计和应用实例软件开发表明：(1)地理视频丰富了传统多媒体GIS的表达方式,能为用户提供内容丰富、交互性强的地理场景；(2)在数据采集、编辑、管理和发布的基础上,基于Web服务的系统框架设计具有结构灵活、接口开放等特点,适合视频GIS应用开发；(3) Flash技术具有用户广、传输快、交互性强等优势,在Flex框架下开发网络视频GIS是可行的,且具有技术优势。基于RIA模式的视频GIS,集桌面应用程序的最佳用户界面功能、Web应用程序的快速、低成本部署及实时互动多媒体通信于一体,可应用于公路、街道、河流等设施的可视化理解与管理,在地理教育、旅游宣传等领域具有推广和普及价值。
本文共由六章组成。第一章：绪论,介绍研究背景、内容、目标与研究意义。第二章：国内外研究进展,系统总结了近些年地理视频数据模型、视频GIS设计与应用的研究进展。第三章：研究方法,确定总体研究思路、关键技术和技术路线。第四章：系统设计,重点讨论了系统的总体设计、功能设计、地理视频数据模型设计、数据库设计等内容。第五章：系统实现,详细介绍了本系统的地理视频编辑与服务发布、RIA模式地理视频客户端的软件实现。第六章：结论与展望,总结研究结论,并对后续要研究的内容进行了展望。
Geo Video is the geo-tagged video in order to access video images with spatial reference. The VideoGIS, an extension to multimedia GIS, is to capture, edit, manage, publish and utilize Geo Video data resources. It is a new approach to the geospatial presentation. This paper aims to design a web-based VideoGIS using RIA technology. The major research issues include the system framework design, Geo Video data edition, description and web data service, and RIA application development.
The VideoGIS was designed using several new web technologies such as service-oriented system architecture (SOA), web service, video streaming, data mashup and rich internet application (RIA). The system was implemented in following steps. First, design of the system framework including system architecture, system functions, Geovideo data models and web services. Second, automatic data processing, i.e. Geo Video data edition, description, organization and web publication. Third, application integration in Adobe Flex Builder using web services and ActionScript programming. Finally, the RIA application in Flash documents was deployed to the end user.
The Geo Video data processing, system design and application development show that:(1) Geo Video has extended the multimedia GIS in providing users with rich video content and interactive interface; (2) Based on the geovideo data web service, the SOA framework introduced in this paper is open and flexible for VideoGIS application development; (3) Flash technology is strong in areas such as the number of users, transmission speed, and interactive ability, and the Adobe Flex framework is an ideal programming tool for developing web-based VideoGIS. Considering the low-cost Geo Video collection and the emerging of RIA technology, VideoGIS has application potentials in linear facility management(e.g. roads, streets, rivers), virtual geographic education, tourism promotion and other areas.
This paper is organized into six chapters. Chapter I:Introduction includes the research background, topic, objectives and significance. Chapter II:Literature Review has outlined the research progresses in Geo Video data model, VideoGIS design and various applications in recent years. Chapter III:Research Methodology focuses on the research framework, key technologies, implementation procedures and related hardware and software. Chapter IV:System Design introduces a general system framework, in which the data model, data management workflow and the subsystems are discussed detailedly. Chapter V:System Implementation presents the detailed techniques for application development, e.g. GeoVideo editing, data publish, Flash document design and ActionScript programming. The last chapter is the conclusion, limitation and future researches.
本文的研究思路是：基于地理视频数据模型,采集、编辑和管理地理视频数据,并以Web服务方式发布；使用RIA、Mashup等技术整合多种Web服务,设计开发RIA模式的网络视频GIS。首先,设计视频GIS框架,包括系统结构、基本功能、数据模型和视频GIS数据库。其次,按照地理视频数据处理流程,在Adobe Flex框架下实现地理视频智能化流程处理、智能化数据服务发布。最后,进行应用系统集成,并以具有良好用户体验的Flash提供给最终用户。
本文的数据处理、系统设计和应用实例软件开发表明：(1)地理视频丰富了传统多媒体GIS的表达方式,能为用户提供内容丰富、交互性强的地理场景；(2)在数据采集、编辑、管理和发布的基础上,基于Web服务的系统框架设计具有结构灵活、接口开放等特点,适合视频GIS应用开发；(3) Flash技术具有用户广、传输快、交互性强等优势,在Flex框架下开发网络视频GIS是可行的,且具有技术优势。基于RIA模式的视频GIS,集桌面应用程序的最佳用户界面功能、Web应用程序的快速、低成本部署及实时互动多媒体通信于一体,可应用于公路、街道、河流等设施的可视化理解与管理,在地理教育、旅游宣传等领域具有推广和普及价值。
本文共由六章组成。第一章：绪论,介绍研究背景、内容、目标与研究意义。第二章：国内外研究进展,系统总结了近些年地理视频数据模型、视频GIS设计与应用的研究进展。第三章：研究方法,确定总体研究思路、关键技术和技术路线。第四章：系统设计,重点讨论了系统的总体设计、功能设计、地理视频数据模型设计、数据库设计等内容。第五章：系统实现,详细介绍了本系统的地理视频编辑与服务发布、RIA模式地理视频客户端的软件实现。第六章：结论与展望,总结研究结论,并对后续要研究的内容进行了展望。
Geo Video is the geo-tagged video in order to access video images with spatial reference. The VideoGIS, an extension to multimedia GIS, is to capture, edit, manage, publish and utilize Geo Video data resources. It is a new approach to the geospatial presentation. This paper aims to design a web-based VideoGIS using RIA technology. The major research issues include the system framework design, Geo Video data edition, description and web data service, and RIA application development.
The VideoGIS was designed using several new web technologies such as service-oriented system architecture (SOA), web service, video streaming, data mashup and rich internet application (RIA). The system was implemented in following steps. First, design of the system framework including system architecture, system functions, Geovideo data models and web services. Second, automatic data processing, i.e. Geo Video data edition, description, organization and web publication. Third, application integration in Adobe Flex Builder using web services and ActionScript programming. Finally, the RIA application in Flash documents was deployed to the end user.
The Geo Video data processing, system design and application development show that:(1) Geo Video has extended the multimedia GIS in providing users with rich video content and interactive interface; (2) Based on the geovideo data web service, the SOA framework introduced in this paper is open and flexible for VideoGIS application development; (3) Flash technology is strong in areas such as the number of users, transmission speed, and interactive ability, and the Adobe Flex framework is an ideal programming tool for developing web-based VideoGIS. Considering the low-cost Geo Video collection and the emerging of RIA technology, VideoGIS has application potentials in linear facility management(e.g. roads, streets, rivers), virtual geographic education, tourism promotion and other areas.
This paper is organized into six chapters. Chapter I:Introduction includes the research background, topic, objectives and significance. Chapter II:Literature Review has outlined the research progresses in Geo Video data model, VideoGIS design and various applications in recent years. Chapter III:Research Methodology focuses on the research framework, key technologies, implementation procedures and related hardware and software. Chapter IV:System Design introduces a general system framework, in which the data model, data management workflow and the subsystems are discussed detailedly. Chapter V:System Implementation presents the detailed techniques for application development, e.g. GeoVideo editing, data publish, Flash document design and ActionScript programming. The last chapter is the conclusion, limitation and future researches.
引文
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[7]刘芳,王光霞,钱海忠等.虚拟地理环境对空间认知方式的影响[J].测绘科学,2009,34(4)：67-69.
[8]林珲,龚建华.论虚拟地理环境[J].测绘学报,2002,31(1)：1-6.
[9]Gerard Chollet;Anna Esposito;Annie Gentes etc. Multimodal Human Machine Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality[J]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2009,5398:1-23.
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[22]Red Hen-Specializing Multimedia Asset and Risk Mapping网址：http://www.redhensy stems. com.
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[27]武汉立得空间信息技术发展有限公司.移动道路测量系统与ITS.网址：http:// www.leador.com.cn/.
[28]唐冰,周美玉.基于视频图像的既有线路地理信息系统[J].铁路计算机应用,2001,10(11)：31-33.
[29]李郁峰,朱金陵,铁路线路视频数据采集系统设计与开发,铁路计算机应用,2004,13(12)：4-6.
[30]周永川,张嘉兴,何泰源等.Video-GIS技术与结构维护管理之应用.中华技术,2003,第57期.
[31]丰江帆.视频GIS关键技术研究[D].南京：南京师范大学,2007.
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[33]孔云峰.一个公路视频GIS的设计与实现[J].公路,2007,(1)：119-121.
[34]郭浩,孔云峰.视频GIS数据采集系统的设计与实现[J].地理空间信息,2008,6(2)：81-84.
[35]孔云峰.地理视频数据模型及其应用开发研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2009,25(5)：12-16.
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[2]李德仁邵振峰.论新地理信息时代[J].中国科学,2009,39(6)：579-587.
[3]Kyong-Ho Kim,Sung-Soo Kim & Sung-Ho Lee. The interactive geographic video[C] IGARSS'03 Proceedings,2003,Vol.1:59-61.
[4]刘学军,闾国年,吴勇等.侧面看世界—视频GIS框架综述[C].中国地理信息系统协会GIS理论与方法专业委员会2007年学术研讨会暨第2届地理元胞自动机和应用研讨会论文集,205-210.
[5]Longley R,Goodchild M F,Maguire D J.et al.Geographical Information Systems and Science[M].2nd ed.New York:John Wiley and Sons,2005.
[6]Helene S. Swallach, Marilyn P. Safir,Margalit Bar-Zvi.Virtual Reality Cognitive Behavior Therapy for public Speaking Anxiety:A Randomized Clinical Trial[J].Behav Modif,2009, 33(3):314-338.
[7]刘芳,王光霞,钱海忠等.虚拟地理环境对空间认知方式的影响[J].测绘科学,2009,34(4)：67-69.
[8]林珲,龚建华.论虚拟地理环境[J].测绘学报,2002,31(1)：1-6.
[9]Gerard Chollet;Anna Esposito;Annie Gentes etc. Multimodal Human Machine Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality[J]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2009,5398:1-23.
[10]郭浩.视频GIS数据采集系统的设计与实现[D].河南大学硕士学位论文.2008.
[11]A. Lippman. Movie maps:an application of the optical videodisc to computer graphics[J]. SIGGRAPH'80,1980,14(3),32-43.
[12]Berry J K. Capture'Where'and'When'on Video-Based GIS[J].GEOWORLD,2000,(9):26-27.
[13]Joo I H, Hwang T H & Choi K H. Generation of video metadata supporting video-GIS integration[C]. ICIP'04 Proceedings,2004,Vol,3:1695-1698.
[14]Pissinou N, Radev I & Makki K. Spatio-temporal modeling in video and multimedia geographic information systems. Geolnformatica,2001,5(4):375-409.
[15]Toni Navarrete,Josep Blat.VideoGIS:segmenting and indexing video based on geographic information[A].5th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science[C].2002,1-9.
[16]Navarrete, T.Semantic Integration of Thematic Geographic Information in a Multimedia Context[D].Department de Tecnologia, University PompeuFabra. Barcelona.2006.
[17]Hwang T H,Choi K H,Joo I H & Lee J H.MPEG-7 metadata for video-based GIS applications[C]. IGARSS'03 Proceedings,2003,Vol.6:3641-3643.
[18]Lee S Y, Kim S B, Choi J H. Joo IH. Design and Implementation of 4S-Van:A Mobile Mapping System[J].ETRI Journal,2006(3):256-273.
[19]Seung-Yong Lee,Eun-yong Han, Byoung-Woo Oh. A Study on Application for 4S-Van[J]. Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing,2001:121-124.
[20]Seung-Yong Lee, Seong-Baek Kim, Ji-Hoon Choi.4S-Van:A prototype mobile mapping system for GIS[J]. Korean Journal of Remote Sensing,2003,(1):91-97.
[21]Qiang Liu, JaeJun Yoo, Byung-Tae Jang. A scalable VideoGIS system for GPS-guided vehicles[J]. Signal Processing:Image Communication,2005,20:205-218.
[22]Red Hen-Specializing Multimedia Asset and Risk Mapping网址：http://www.redhensy stems. com.
[23]BlueGlen Technology Home Page.网址：http://www.blueglen.com/index.htm.
[24]ImageCat Inc.网址：http://www.imagecatinc.com.
[25]VideoMapper.Geo-referenced images for GIS data collection.网址：http://www.Videomapper. com.
[26]李德仁.车载3S集成系统与ITS[C].2001年两岸自动化数字工程测量研讨会论文集,2001.
[27]武汉立得空间信息技术发展有限公司.移动道路测量系统与ITS.网址：http:// www.leador.com.cn/.
[28]唐冰,周美玉.基于视频图像的既有线路地理信息系统[J].铁路计算机应用,2001,10(11)：31-33.
[29]李郁峰,朱金陵,铁路线路视频数据采集系统设计与开发,铁路计算机应用,2004,13(12)：4-6.
[30]周永川,张嘉兴,何泰源等.Video-GIS技术与结构维护管理之应用.中华技术,2003,第57期.
[31]丰江帆.视频GIS关键技术研究[D].南京：南京师范大学,2007.
[32]丰江帆,张宏,沙月进.GPS车载移动视频监控系统的设计[J].测绘通报,2007,2：51-53.
[33]孔云峰.一个公路视频GIS的设计与实现[J].公路,2007,(1)：119-121.
[34]郭浩,孔云峰.视频GIS数据采集系统的设计与实现[J].地理空间信息,2008,6(2)：81-84.
[35]孔云峰.地理视频数据模型及其应用开发研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2009,25(5)：12-16.
[36]ESRI.Geodatabase|Spatial Data & Information Management|GIS Data Storage. 网址:http:// www.esri. com/software/arcgis/geodatabase/index.html.
[37]孔云峰.基于Web服务的地理超媒体系统设计开发与应用[J].地球信息科学学报,2010,12(1)：76-82.
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