企业产学研合作原始创新机制研究
|
摘要
原始创新是企业获得自主知识产权及核心技术的重要途径之一，是提升国家综合国力的核心环节，是促进社会经济发展的有利保障。企业原始创新能力的提升，有利于企业参与国家化竞争，是我国建设以企业为核心的自主创新国家的关键。但是目前，我国企业自身的资源和能力还很难满足原始创新的要求，越来越多的企业开始考虑通过产学研合作来获取创新资源、增强创新能力、降低创新成本和创新风险，产学研合作是企业开展原始创新的有效形式。创新机制研究的是创新系统各个主体、要素在企业创新过程中的相互作用及其作用方式，是企业产学研合作原始创新研究中的重要问题之一。国内外学者开始关注原始创新机制的研究，并发表了一些重要成果，但是现有研究仅仅涉及原始创新的某一方面或某一特性的机制，对企业产学研合作原始创新机制的系统、完整研究还比较少。本论文从创新过程的视角展开对企业产学研合作原始创新机制的系统、深入研究，将其分为输入机制、处理机制、输出和反馈机制及系统升级机制四大子机制，并深入分析各个子机制的关键要素，提出了企业产学研合作原始创新机制实现的相关措施。
首先，企业产学研合作原始创新机制的理论框架。在对企业产学研合作原始创新基础理论进行分析的基础上，基于系统理论，构建了企业产学研合作原始创新的过程模型，根据过程安排机制，构架了企业产学研合作原始创新的机制模型，提出了全文研究的理论框架。
然后，企业产学研合作原始创新的选择。输入机制即企业产学研合作原始创新选择，具体体现为合作伙伴选择及合作模式选择两个关键要素及其相互联系。一方面，运用结构方程全模型以及多群组结构方程模型对企业原始创新中学研合作伙伴选择的影响因素及其作用机理进行实证分析。另一方面，运用单总体演化博弈模型分析了企业对共建经济实体模式和技术并购模式两种原始创新产学研合作模式的选择问题。
其次，企业产学研合作原始创新的运行。处理机制即企业产学研合作原始创新运行，包含知识生产、风险管理、收益分配三个关键要素及其相互联系。第一，在运用结构方程模型进行实证分析的基础上，构建企业产学研合作原始创新中的知识生产机制；第二，基于可靠指标矢量及概率网格估算法改进FMEA方法，提出了一种风险评估方法；第三，提出了一种改进的Shapley值法收益分配方案。
再次，企业产学研合作原始创新的绩效评价。输出和反馈机制是通过原始创新绩效的评价来实现的，构建评价指标体系及评价模型是关键。运用平衡计分卡方法建立评价指标体系，在此基础上，基于层析分析法构建了评价模型。
再次，企业产学研合作原始创新系统演化。系统升级即企业产学研合作原始创新系统演化，具有自组织演化规律特征，序参量主宰着系统的演化。基于自组织理论，分析企业产学研合作原始创新系统的演化机制。进一步，运用哈肯模型序参量的识别方法，对系统演化机制进行实证分析。
最后，企业产学研合作原始创新机制的实现。在对系统机制中的各个子机制及其关键要素进行了深入分析的基础上，从输入机制、处理机制、输出和反馈机制以及系统升级机制四大子机制入手，分别提出了企业原始创新中学研合作伙伴选择、合作模式选择、知识生产、风险管理、收益分配、绩效评价和系统演化实现的措施。
通过本文的分析和研究，明确了企业产学研合作原始创新及其机制的基本概念，构建了企业产学研合作原始创新的过程模型，根据过程安排机制，构建了创新机制模型，并进一步分析了各个子机制中的关键要素，提出了企业产学研合作原始创新机制实现的措施，为促进企业开展产学研合作原始创新，保障产学研合作原始创新过程的顺利开展，企业、高校和科研机构以及政府制定相关政策及作出决策提供了依据。
The original innovation is one of the most important ways for enterprise to obtainintellectual property rights and master core technology, it is the central part to enhance ourcomprehensive national strength, and the safeguard to promote social and economicdevelopment. Enterprise enhances ability of original innovation is beneficial for itsinternational competition, meanwhile, it is the key for China’s independent and innovativenational construction. However, it is difficult for our enterprises to carry out originalinnovation on their own, so they begin to considering cooperation with colleges and institutes;the cooperation is beneficial for enterprises’ resource acquisition, ability enhancement, andcost and risk reduction. University-industry cooperation is an effective model for enterprise’soriginal innovation. Research of innovation mechanism is about the interaction and mode ofaction of all the subjects and elements in innovation system, it is an important issue ofenterprise’s university-industry cooperatively original innovation. Domestic and overseasscholars start to pay attention to research on mechanism of original innovation, and havepublished some achievements, but these are only referring a certain aspect or one character oforiginal innovation mechanism. There is little report aimed at these questions and about thesystematic and complete mechanism. The paper research on the enterprise’s mechanism ofuniversity-industry cooperatively original innovation from the innovation process, and themechanism is divided into four subsystems: the input system mechanism, the processingsystem mechanism, the output and feedback system mechanism, the upgrade systemmechanism, meanwhile, the paper analyzes the key factors of each subsystem deeply, and putsforward the guarantee measures to realize these mechanisms.
Firstly, analyze on the theoretical framework of enterprise’s university-industrycooperatively original innovation mechanism. Based on analyzing the theory, construct theprocess model of enterprise’s university-industry cooperative original innovation by thesystem theory, then, arrange mechanisms according to the process and framing the mechanismmodel. As yet, the research framework is carried out.
Then, choose enterprise’s university-industry cooperatively original innovation. Thesystem input mechanism corresponds to the selection process, represents as two key factorsand their relationship, which are partner selection and cooperation pattern choice. First of all,with the structural equation model, as well as the whole group structure equation model,making an empirical analysis on the influencing factors and its action mechanism of the partner selection in enterprise’s cooperatively original innovation. Latter, analyze onenterprise’s cooperation pattern choice between building economic entity model andtechnology acquisition model by the single population evolution game.
Thirdly, operate enterprise’s university-industry cooperatively original innovation. Thesystem processing mechanism corresponds to the operation process, including three majorfactors as knowledge production, risk management, profit distribution, and their mutualconduction. First, construct an knowledge production mechanism with three processes.Second, improve the FMEA method based on the reliable index vector and the probabilitygrid estimation method, and propose a scheme of risk management. Third, put forward a planfor profit distribution.
Once again, it’s the enterprise’s cooperative innovation performance evaluation analysis.Through the performance evaluation, the output&feedback mechanism achieves its function,and then, establishing the evaluation index system and evaluation model are the points of theperformance evaluation. Establish the evaluation index system by Balanced Scorecard method,and construct the evaluation model based on AHP.
Once again, it’s the evolution of enterprise’s cooperative innovation. The expression ofthe system upgrade mechanism is the system evolution, having the characteristicsof self-organization evolution, and in which the ordering parameter dominates its evolution.Basing on the self-organization theory, we analyze the evolution mechanism of enterprise’scooperatively innovation system. Basing on analyzing on its self-organization evolutionmechanism, use the Haken Model parameter identification method to identify the keyvariables in evolution process of enterprise’s innovation system, analyze the gradual progressmechanism of the system.
Finally, it’s the analysis of the safeguard measures to realize the enterprise’s cooperationoriginal innovation mechanism. Basing on the deep analysis on the system mechanism of eachsub mechanism and its key elements of system, from the four major mechanisms of the inputsystem mechanism, processing system mechanism, output and feedback system mechanism,upgrade system mechanism, we respectively put forward measures to ensure theimplementation of cooperation partner selection, cooperation model choice, knowledgeproduction, risk management, benefit distribution, performance evaluation and systemevolution of enterprise’s university-industry cooperatively original innovation.
The paper based on the analysis of enterprise’s cooperatively original innovationmechanism, it is clear about its basic concepts, constructs the process model of enterprise’s cooperatively original innovation, arranges mechanisms according to innovation process andconstructs the innovation mechanism model. Also, it makes further analysis on the key factorin each subsystem, and puts forward the safeguard measures to realize theses mechanisms.The paper provides a basic for promoting enterprise’s original innovation, ensuring theinnovation process smoothly, and for enterprise, university and institution, government toformulate relevant policies.
首先，企业产学研合作原始创新机制的理论框架。在对企业产学研合作原始创新基础理论进行分析的基础上，基于系统理论，构建了企业产学研合作原始创新的过程模型，根据过程安排机制，构架了企业产学研合作原始创新的机制模型，提出了全文研究的理论框架。
然后，企业产学研合作原始创新的选择。输入机制即企业产学研合作原始创新选择，具体体现为合作伙伴选择及合作模式选择两个关键要素及其相互联系。一方面，运用结构方程全模型以及多群组结构方程模型对企业原始创新中学研合作伙伴选择的影响因素及其作用机理进行实证分析。另一方面，运用单总体演化博弈模型分析了企业对共建经济实体模式和技术并购模式两种原始创新产学研合作模式的选择问题。
其次，企业产学研合作原始创新的运行。处理机制即企业产学研合作原始创新运行，包含知识生产、风险管理、收益分配三个关键要素及其相互联系。第一，在运用结构方程模型进行实证分析的基础上，构建企业产学研合作原始创新中的知识生产机制；第二，基于可靠指标矢量及概率网格估算法改进FMEA方法，提出了一种风险评估方法；第三，提出了一种改进的Shapley值法收益分配方案。
再次，企业产学研合作原始创新的绩效评价。输出和反馈机制是通过原始创新绩效的评价来实现的，构建评价指标体系及评价模型是关键。运用平衡计分卡方法建立评价指标体系，在此基础上，基于层析分析法构建了评价模型。
再次，企业产学研合作原始创新系统演化。系统升级即企业产学研合作原始创新系统演化，具有自组织演化规律特征，序参量主宰着系统的演化。基于自组织理论，分析企业产学研合作原始创新系统的演化机制。进一步，运用哈肯模型序参量的识别方法，对系统演化机制进行实证分析。
最后，企业产学研合作原始创新机制的实现。在对系统机制中的各个子机制及其关键要素进行了深入分析的基础上，从输入机制、处理机制、输出和反馈机制以及系统升级机制四大子机制入手，分别提出了企业原始创新中学研合作伙伴选择、合作模式选择、知识生产、风险管理、收益分配、绩效评价和系统演化实现的措施。
通过本文的分析和研究，明确了企业产学研合作原始创新及其机制的基本概念，构建了企业产学研合作原始创新的过程模型，根据过程安排机制，构建了创新机制模型，并进一步分析了各个子机制中的关键要素，提出了企业产学研合作原始创新机制实现的措施，为促进企业开展产学研合作原始创新，保障产学研合作原始创新过程的顺利开展，企业、高校和科研机构以及政府制定相关政策及作出决策提供了依据。
The original innovation is one of the most important ways for enterprise to obtainintellectual property rights and master core technology, it is the central part to enhance ourcomprehensive national strength, and the safeguard to promote social and economicdevelopment. Enterprise enhances ability of original innovation is beneficial for itsinternational competition, meanwhile, it is the key for China’s independent and innovativenational construction. However, it is difficult for our enterprises to carry out originalinnovation on their own, so they begin to considering cooperation with colleges and institutes;the cooperation is beneficial for enterprises’ resource acquisition, ability enhancement, andcost and risk reduction. University-industry cooperation is an effective model for enterprise’soriginal innovation. Research of innovation mechanism is about the interaction and mode ofaction of all the subjects and elements in innovation system, it is an important issue ofenterprise’s university-industry cooperatively original innovation. Domestic and overseasscholars start to pay attention to research on mechanism of original innovation, and havepublished some achievements, but these are only referring a certain aspect or one character oforiginal innovation mechanism. There is little report aimed at these questions and about thesystematic and complete mechanism. The paper research on the enterprise’s mechanism ofuniversity-industry cooperatively original innovation from the innovation process, and themechanism is divided into four subsystems: the input system mechanism, the processingsystem mechanism, the output and feedback system mechanism, the upgrade systemmechanism, meanwhile, the paper analyzes the key factors of each subsystem deeply, and putsforward the guarantee measures to realize these mechanisms.
Firstly, analyze on the theoretical framework of enterprise’s university-industrycooperatively original innovation mechanism. Based on analyzing the theory, construct theprocess model of enterprise’s university-industry cooperative original innovation by thesystem theory, then, arrange mechanisms according to the process and framing the mechanismmodel. As yet, the research framework is carried out.
Then, choose enterprise’s university-industry cooperatively original innovation. Thesystem input mechanism corresponds to the selection process, represents as two key factorsand their relationship, which are partner selection and cooperation pattern choice. First of all,with the structural equation model, as well as the whole group structure equation model,making an empirical analysis on the influencing factors and its action mechanism of the partner selection in enterprise’s cooperatively original innovation. Latter, analyze onenterprise’s cooperation pattern choice between building economic entity model andtechnology acquisition model by the single population evolution game.
Thirdly, operate enterprise’s university-industry cooperatively original innovation. Thesystem processing mechanism corresponds to the operation process, including three majorfactors as knowledge production, risk management, profit distribution, and their mutualconduction. First, construct an knowledge production mechanism with three processes.Second, improve the FMEA method based on the reliable index vector and the probabilitygrid estimation method, and propose a scheme of risk management. Third, put forward a planfor profit distribution.
Once again, it’s the enterprise’s cooperative innovation performance evaluation analysis.Through the performance evaluation, the output&feedback mechanism achieves its function,and then, establishing the evaluation index system and evaluation model are the points of theperformance evaluation. Establish the evaluation index system by Balanced Scorecard method,and construct the evaluation model based on AHP.
Once again, it’s the evolution of enterprise’s cooperative innovation. The expression ofthe system upgrade mechanism is the system evolution, having the characteristicsof self-organization evolution, and in which the ordering parameter dominates its evolution.Basing on the self-organization theory, we analyze the evolution mechanism of enterprise’scooperatively innovation system. Basing on analyzing on its self-organization evolutionmechanism, use the Haken Model parameter identification method to identify the keyvariables in evolution process of enterprise’s innovation system, analyze the gradual progressmechanism of the system.
Finally, it’s the analysis of the safeguard measures to realize the enterprise’s cooperationoriginal innovation mechanism. Basing on the deep analysis on the system mechanism of eachsub mechanism and its key elements of system, from the four major mechanisms of the inputsystem mechanism, processing system mechanism, output and feedback system mechanism,upgrade system mechanism, we respectively put forward measures to ensure theimplementation of cooperation partner selection, cooperation model choice, knowledgeproduction, risk management, benefit distribution, performance evaluation and systemevolution of enterprise’s university-industry cooperatively original innovation.
The paper based on the analysis of enterprise’s cooperatively original innovationmechanism, it is clear about its basic concepts, constructs the process model of enterprise’s cooperatively original innovation, arranges mechanisms according to innovation process andconstructs the innovation mechanism model. Also, it makes further analysis on the key factorin each subsystem, and puts forward the safeguard measures to realize theses mechanisms.The paper provides a basic for promoting enterprise’s original innovation, ensuring theinnovation process smoothly, and for enterprise, university and institution, government toformulate relevant policies.
引文
[1]王伟光,周叔莲.科技创新与产业结构优化升级[J].管理世界,2001,17(5):70-89.
[2]苏屹,李柏洲.大型企业原始技术创新阻碍因素与对策研究[J].科技管理研究,2009(12):333-336.
[3]程艳旗,王绳兮,胡建雄.产学研发展的新阶段[J].研究与发展管理,2002,14(5):60-63.
[4]佟晶石.产学研合作创新体系与自主知识产权[J].中国软科学,2003(3):113-116.
[5]王娟茹,潘杰义.产学研合作中的知识扩散研究[J].中国科技论坛,2003(4):74-76.
[6]石友蓉,兰飞.汽车工业研发的合作博弈[J].科技进步与对策,2003(12):71-73.
[7] L.H.,N.M. Lynn, Aram,J.D.Linking technology and institutions: the innovationcommunity framework[J].Research Policy,1996(25):91-106.
[8] Charles Edquist,Leif Hommen.Systems of innovation: theory and policy for the demandside[J].Technology in Society21,1999:63-79.
[9] Dosi,Giovanni,Richard R.Nelson.An introduction to evolutionary theories ineconomics[J].Journal of Evolutionary Economics,1994(4):153-172.
[11] David A.Wolfe.Social Capital and Cluster Development in Learning Regions[C].Programon Globalization and Regional Innovation Systems Centre for InternationalStudies,2000:154-180.
[12] Elias G.Carayannis,Jeffrey Alexander.Anthony loannidis，Leveraging knowlege, learning,and innovation in forming strategic GUI R&D partnerships in the US, Germany, andFrance[J].Technovation,2000(20):91-106.
[13] Aokimasahi Harayama Yuko.Industry-University Cooperation to Take on Herefrom[J].Research Institute of Economy,Trade and Industry,2002(4):42-49.
[14]陈雅兰.原始性创新的理论与实证研究[D].武汉理工大学博士学位论文,2005:24-33.
[15] Vannervar Bush.Science:the endless frontier[R].Washington,D.C:National ScienceFoundation,1945(reprited1990).18.
[16]冯世则,周叶谦.科学界的精英——美国的诺贝尔奖金获得者[M].上海:商务印书馆出版,1979:10-29.
[17](德)赖欣巴哈.科学哲学的兴起[M].北京:商务印书馆,1983:56-69.
[18] Rothwell.Successful industrial innovation： critical factors fir the1990s[J].R&DManagement,1992:221-235.
[19] Sorin Solomon Jacob Goldenberg.Templates of Original Innovation: Projecting OriginalIncremental Innovations from Intrinsic Information[J].Technological Forcasting and SocialChange,1996(6):45-49.
[20] David Mazursky.Committee on Facilitating Interdisciplinary Research. NationalAcademy of Sciences,National Academy of Engineering，Institute of Medicine[J].FacilitatingInterdisciplinary Research. National Academies Press,2004:456-459.
[20] D BarkerP.Lloyd.The evaluation of Scientific Research of scientific Research in theUnited Kingdom Selected Experience[M].1997:345-347.
[21]托马斯库恩.科学的革命结构[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003:30-33.
[22] R. S. Schmid.NASA pressure-relieving foam technology is keeping the leadinginnerspring mattress firms awake at night.Technovation,2009:181-191.
[23] R Rothwell.Successful Industrial Innovation: Critical Success Factors for the1990s[J].R&D Management,1992,22(3):22-29.
[24] C. Chaminade, Roberts, H. What it Means is What it does: A Comparative Analysis ofImplementing Intellectual Capital in Norway and Spain [J].European AccountingReview,2003,12(4):733-751.
[25] Schmidt-Tiedoman K.J.A new model of innovation process [J].ResearchManagement,1982(3):136-154.
[26] Rosenberg N Kline S.An Overview of Innovation [J].Washington D.C: NationalAcademy Press,1986:275-305.
[27] Rosenbloom R.S Myers M.B.Rethinking the role of industrial research [M].Boston:Harvard Business School Press,1996:209-228.
[28] Malecki E.J.Technology&Economic Development: The Dynamics of Local, Regional,and National Competitiveness [M].Essex, UK: Longman,1997:35-67.
[29] Bernstein B.S..An integrated innovation process model based on practices of Australianbiotechnology firms[J].Technovation,2006,26(5):561-572.
[30] P. Saariluoma, E. Kannisto and T. Kujala.Analysing Micro-Innovation Processes:Universities and Enterprises Collaboration[M].Int Business Information ManagementAssoc-Ibima,2009:711-715.
[31] M.E Gorman.Types of Knowledge and Their Roles in Technology Transfer[J].Journal ofTechnology Transfer,2002,27(3):219-231.
[32] Kremic Tibor.Technology Transfer, A Contestual Approach[J].Journal of TechnologyTransfer,2003,28(2):149-158.
[33] I. F. Gulenc and O. Araci.The Role of Universities in the Innovation Process of Industryas a Knowledge Source[C].Wuhan Univ Technology Press,2009:79-85.
[34] T. T. U. Nguyen and C. Mothe.Organizational Complementarity in the InnovationProcess: Evidence from Luxembourg firms[M].Int Business Information ManagementAssoc-Ibima,2009:814-824.
[35] T. Hoholm and L. Araujo.Studying innovation processes in real-time: The promises andchallenges of ethnography[J].Industrial Marketing Management,2011,40(6):933-939.
[36] R. A. W. Kok and W. G. Biemans.Creating a market-oriented product innovation process:A contingency approach[J].Technovation,2009，29(8):517-526.
[37] F. Lettice and M. Parekh.The social innovation process: themes, challenges andimplications for practice[J].International Journal of TechnologyManagement,2010,51(1):139-158.
[38] M. Mahmod, S. A. M. Yusof and Z. M. Dahalin.Where are the Female Developers?Exploring the Gender Issues in Open Source Software Innovation Process[C].Proceedings ofKnowledge Management5th International Conference,2010:595-600.
[39] V. M. Ghinea and M. Ghinea.Innovation Tornado Simulation of the InnovationProcess[C].Proceedings of the4th International Conference on Business Excellence, Vol1,2009:201-204.
[40] F. Hacklin, M. Inganas, C. Marxt and A. Pluss.Core rigidities in the innovation process: astructured benchmark on knowledge management challenges[J].International Journal ofTechnology Management,2009,45(3):244-266.
[41] M. Matei, I. Done, J. Subic, Z. Vasiljevic, I. Ionita and J. Andrei.Dimensions of theinnovation process at commodities and stock exchanges[M].Int Business InformationManagement Assoc-Ibima,2009:417-426.
[42] L. Slatineanu, A. Munteanu and M. Coteata.Team and Team Member in the InnovationProcess[M].Democritus Univ Thrace,2009:733-736.
[43] L. Spircu and M. Matei.Measuring the Innovation Process[M].Democritus UnivThrace,2009:725-728.
[44] S. Koppinen, J. Lammasniemi and P. Kalliokoski.Practical application of a parallelresearch-business innovation process to accelerate the deployment of research results[J].R&D Management,2010,40(1):101-106.
[45] Isabel Maria Bodas Freitas Rudi Bekkers.Analysing knowledge transfer channelsbetween universities and industry:TO what degree do sectors also matter?[J].ResearchPolicy,2008(10):1837-1853.
[46] Kazuyuki Motohashi.University-industry collaborations in Japan: The role of newtechnology-based firms in transforming the National Innovation System[J].ResearchPolicy,2005(5):583-594.
[47] Janet E.L.Fishing upstream: Firm innovation strategy and university researchalliances[J].Research Policy,2007(7):930-948.
[48] Ammon Salter Keld Laursen.Searching high and low: what types of firms useuniversities as a source of innovation?[J].Research Policy,2004(8):1201-1215.
[49] Josep-Maria Agusti Segarra-Blasco, Arauzo-Carod.Sources of innovation andindustry-university interaction: Evidence from Spanish firms[J].ResearchPolicy,2008(8):1283-1295.
[50] Roberto Fontana.Factos affecting university-industry R&D projects: The importance ofsearching, screening and signalling[J].Research Policy,2006(2):309-323.
[51] Cassimana B Veugelers R.R&D cooperation between firms and universities:someempirical evidence from Belgian manufaturing[J].International Journal of IndustrialOrganization,2005,23(5-6):355-379.
[52] Annamaria Inzelt.The evolution of university-industry-government relationships duringtrasition[J].Research Policy,2004(33):975-995.
[53] M. C. Dan.Who needs who? A conceptual approach about the cooperation university-business environment[C].2010:134-137.
[54] J. J. Hong, K. Blomqvist and E. B. M. Org Comm.The Role of Guanxi and Trust inKnowledge Interaction-R&D Collaboration between Multinational Corporations and ChineseUniversities[C].International Conference on Engineering and BusinessManagement,2011:3395-3400.
[55] P. Ahrweiler, A. Pyka and N. Gilbert.A New Model for University-Industry Links inKnowledge-Based Economies[J].Journal of Product InnovationManagement,2011,28(2):218-235.
[56] Spyros Arvanitis.University-industry knowledge and technology transfer inSwitzerland:What university scientists think about co-operation with privateenterprises[J].Research Policy,2008(10):1865-1883.
[57] Branco L.Ponomariov Barry Bozeman.University researchs working with privatecompanies[J].Technovation,2009(2):142-153.
[58] J. Jin, S. C. Wu and J. Chen.International U-I Collaboration: A Bridge Across OpenInnovation, R&D Globalization and National Innovation System[C].Picmet2010: TechnologyManagement for Global Economic Growth,2010:56-65.
[59] Johnson William H.A.Roles, resources and benefits of intermediate organizationssupporting triple helix collaborative R&D: The case ofPrecarn[J].Technovation,2008(8):495-505.
[60] Siegel Donald S, et al.Coxnlnereial knowledge transfers from universities to firms:improving the effeetiveness of university-industry collaboration[J].High TechnologyManagement Research,2003(14):111-113.
[61] Caldwell D.F Ancona D.G.Bridging the boundary: external activity performance inorganizational teams[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1992(37):634-666.
[62] Tushman M Katz R.A longitudinal study of the effects if boundary sppaning supervisionon turnover and promotion in research and development[J].Academic of ManagementJournal,1983(26):437-456.
[63] L.R Gomez Mejia, Balkin D.B.Determinants of faculty pay: an agency theoryperspective[J].Academic of Management Journal1992(35):921-955.
[64] Eisenhardt K.M.Agency and institutinal-theory explanations: the case of retail salescompensation[J].Academy of Management Journal,1988(31):488-511.
[65] Liebeskind J.Social networks learning and flexibility: sourcing scientific knowledge innew biotechnology firms[J].Organization Science,1996(7):428-443.
[66] Powell W.W.Neither market nor hierarchy: network forms og organization[J].Researchin Organizational Behavior,1990(12):295-336.
[67] Nelson R.R.Observations on the post-bayh dole rise of patenting at AmericanUniversity[J].Technology Transfer,2001(26):13-19.
[68] T. Bjerregaard.Industry and academia in convergence: Micro-institutional dimensions ofR&D collaboration[J].Technovation,2010,30(2):100-108.
[69] T. Ratinho and E. Henriques.The role of science parks and business incubators inconverging countries: Evidence from Portugal[J].Technovation,2010,30(4):278-290.
[70] K. Malik, L. Georghiou and B. Grieve. Developing New Technology Platforms For NewBusiness Models: Syngenta's Partnership With The University OfManchester[J].2011,54(1):24-31.
[71] A. M. Petruzzelli.The impact of technological relatedness, prior ties, and geographicaldistance on university-industry collaborations: A joint-patentanalysis[J].Technovation,2011,31(7):309-319.
[72] G. Abramo, C. A. D'Angelo and M. Solazzi.Assessing public-private researchcollaboration: is it possible to compare universityperformance?[J].Scientometrics,2010,84(11):173-197.
[73] I. Ramos-Vielba, M. Fernandez-Esquinas and E. Espinosa-de-los-Monteros.Measuringuniversity-industry collaboration in a regional innovationsystem[J].Scientometrics,2010,84(3):649-667.
[74] Y. Sun and M. Negishi.Measuring the relationships among university, industry and othersectors in Japan's national innovation system: a comparison of new approaches with mutualinformation indicators[J].2010,82(3):677-685.
[75]董媛媛.我国大型企业原始创新机制构建与能力评价研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2009:8-9.
[76]李志强,李凌己.国内产学研结合发展的新趋势[J].清华大学教育研究,2005,26(4):97-103.
[77]吴洪元,郑晓齐.大学产学研合作支持体系的构建[J].高等工程教育研究,2006(6):48-51.
[78]王雪原.我国产学研联盟模式与机制研究[D].哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2006:34-56.
[79]杨东升,张永安.冲突分析理论在产学研合作中的应用[J].研究与发展管理,2007,19(6):134-138.
[80]冯学华.产学研合作的问题与对策[J].研究与发展管理,1996,8(1):23-27.
[81]周国红,陆立军.产学研对企业竞争力的影响程度研究——基于1639家中小企业问卷调查与分析[J].研究与发展管理,2005,17(5):64-68.
[82]黄陈冲.校企联盟:我国产学研合作组织的创新模式研究[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,2007:56-58.
[83]朱桂龙,彭有福.产学研合作创新网络组织模式及其运作机制研究[J].软科学,2003,17(4):49-52.
[84]许观玉.基于产业集群理论的视角对上海产学研联盟的思考[D].华东师范大学硕士学位论文,2007:45-49.
[85]吴潍,陈莉平.产学研合作创新网络的结点分析及其构建[J].价值工程,2007(1):32-35.
[86]闫青,徐庆,王章忠.基于产学研合作的自主创新模式选择问题研究[J].高教探索,2008(1):65-68.
[87]李文辉,王楚鸿,安宁.创新体系下产学研合作的主客体关系及其模式探析[J].科技管理研究,2008(6):4-5.
[88]王文岩,孙福全,申强.产学研合作模式的分类、特征及选择[J].中国科技论坛,2008(5):37-40.
[89]杨燕.产学研合作模式初探[J].科技情报开发与经济,2010.20(7):179-180.
[90]徐冠华.关于自主创新的几个重要问题[J].中国软科学,2006(4):42-49.
[91]方勤学.大力支持和开拓源头创新促进基础研究发展[J].科技导报,2001(5):55.
[92]叶鑫生.源头创新小议[J].中国基础科学,2001(02):33.
[93]杨宁.基于原始创新的一流大学[J].吉林教育科学,2001(5):29.
[94]赵学文,韩宇,李正风.基础研究创新概念辨析及对相关问题的思考[J].中国基础科学,2001(3):33-38.
[95]陈述彭,邹承鲁.自然、人文、社科三大领域聚焦原始创新[J].中国软科学,2002(8):25.
[96]张婵爱.加强原始创新[J].山西高等学校社会科学学报,2002(10):12.
[97]973计划基础研究共性重大问题战略研究组.对提升原始性创新能力的一些建议[J].中国基础科学,2004,2:7-12.
[98]葛维东.原始技术创新的概念辨析[J].科学学研究增刊,2005(23):237-239.
[99]陈劲宋建元葛朝阳.基础研究源头创新绩效评价及政策建议[J].研究与发展管理,2005.17(1):104-108.
[100]马庆国,姚志坚.企业技术创新过程的整体观[J].科研管理,1999(3):51-56.
[101]赵志.产品创新过程管理模式的基本问题研究[J].管理科学学报,2000,3(2):15-20.
[102]陈劲,周子范,周永庆.复杂产品系统创新的过程模型研究[J].科研管理,2005,26(2):61-67.
[103]卢显文,王毅达.产品开发集成创新的过程与机制研究[J].科研管理,2006,27(5):10-16.
[104]刘昆久.体操创新过程的心理前浅析[J].贵州体育科技,1986(2):40-42.
[105]王红梅,邱成利.技术创新过程中多主体合作的重要性分析及启示[J].中国软科学,2002(3):76-79.
[106]王寅,王忠,刘仲林.基于知识螺旋的原始创新过程与机制研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2007(8):42-47.
[107]檀润华,马建红,陈子顺等.基于TRIZ中需求进化定律的一类原始创新过程模型[J].中国工程科学,2008,10(11):52-58.
[108]林涛,李子彪.县域特色产业创新过程特征研究.中国软科学,2009(1):168-174.
[109]张红琪,鲁若愚.供应商参与服务创新的过程及影响研究[J].科学学研究,2010,28(9):1422-1427.
[110]张德华,程书萍,李迁.大型工程技术创新过程的认知分析[J].生产力研究,2011(8):105-111.
[111]游晓凌,周光勇,陈阳.基于技术路线图的技术创新过程研究[J].科技进步与对策,2011,28(8):5-8.
[112]向刚，巫英，杨一杰.企业持续创新过程的经营者人因风险预警研究[J].科研管理,2010,31（3）:10-16.
[113]李伟，樊丽淑.自主创新过程中企业专利能力的培育[J].科研管理,2010,31(5):148-156.
[114]刘兵,邹树梁,李玉琼等.复杂产品系统创新过程中产品开发与技术能力协同研究——以核电工程为例[J].科研管理,2011,32(11):59-70.
[115]王莉,方澜,罗瑾琏.顾客知识、创造力和创新行为的关系研究——给予产品创新过程的实证分析[J].科学学研究,2011,29(5):777-784.
[116]赵兰香.产学研合作与制度创新[J].科研管理,1996,17(6):34-43.
[117]毕克新.可持续发展的产学研联合的机制[J].科学学研究,1997,15(4):51-60.
[118]昊树山.我国产学研合作模式与机制及其创新[J].科技进步与对策,2000,17(7):31-42.
[119]余蕾.基于群落生态学理论的产学研合作创新机制研究[J].赤峰学院学报（自然科学版）,2009,25(11):56-57.
[120]刘树君.廊坊政产学研合作创新机制研究[J].合作经济与科技,2010,394(6):8-9.
[121]舒成利,高山行.基于知识生产模式的原始性创新发生机制的研究[J].科学学研究,2008（6）:640-644.
[122]宋建元陈劲,葛朝阳等.试论基础研究及其原始性创新[J].科学学研究,2004(6):317-321.
[123]张开逊.遵崇发明，鼓励创新[J].中国西部科技,2006.6:20.
[124]朱兆良.发挥专业优势，履行参政议政职能[J].前进论坛,2007,10:16-17.
[125]蒋国华.我国原始创新的瓶颈：机制与环境[J].民主与科学,2003,6:19-21.
[126]孙林岩等吕坚.拓展产品创新与企业集成[J].研究与发展管理,2003,6(15):12-17.
[127]刘风刘永照,刘晓敏.加强科技创新服务平台建设，促进科技成果转化[C].信息时代——科技情报研究学术论文集（第三辑）,2008,9:12-18.
[128]陈雅兰，韩龙士，王金祥等.原始性创新的影响因素及演化机理研究[J].科学学研究,2003,21(4):433-437.
[129]郭伟峰陈雅兰.原始性创新的外部效应及控制[J].科学学研究,2006.24(4):612-617.
[130]任元彪.原始创新动力问题探讨[J].科学学研究增刊,2007.25(25):6-9.
[131] Y. Zhang and H. Yi Y. L. Chen.Study on the mechanism and system of China's originalinnovation talents[C].Proceedings of the4th International Conference on Innovation&Management,2007:2496-2502.
[132] Y. G. Yu J. Y. Wu.Original technological innovation in universities: Some newdiscoveries[C].Proceedings of the4th International Conference on Innovation&Management,2007:2610-2613.
[133] X. C. Zhang C. H. Xin, J. Y. Zhao.Mechanism of Technical Standards Originated fromInitiative Innovation[C].Technologies Promoting RegionalDevelopment,2008:54-58.
[134]高山行舒成利.原始性创新：效率、分布性主体间的交互机制[J].科学学研究,2010.28(3):436-443.
[135]董媛媛，李柏洲.基于SD大型企业原始创新系统动态模型研究[J].科研管理,2011.32(4):26-35.
[136]叶明海,王吟吟,张玉臣.基于系统理论的创业过程模型[J].科研管理,2011,32(11):123-130.
[137] Henderson R. Underinvestment and incompetence as responses to radical innovation:evidence from the photolithographic alignment equipment industry[J]. RAND Journal ofEconomics,1993,24(2):248-270.
[138] Iansiti M, West J. From physics to function: an empirical study of R&D performance inthe semi-conductor industry[J]. Journal of Product InnovationManagement,1999,16(4):392-397.
[139]张光前,张米尔.基于系统观的技术集成过程模型研究[J].管理科学,2008,21(4):31-36.
[140] Prencipe A, Fredrik T. Inter-project learning: process and outcomes of knowledgecodification in project-based firms[J]. Research Policy,2001,30(9):1373-1382.
[141] Gulati R. Alliances and networks[J]. Strategic ManagementJournal,1998,19(4):293-317.
[142] Brouthers K D, Brouthers L F, Wilkinson T J. Strategic alliances: Choose yourpartners[J]. Long Range Planning,1995,28(3):18-25.
[143] Hamel G, Prahalad C K. Strategic intent[J]. Mckinsey Quarterly,2001,53:36-61.
[144] Sierra M C. Managing global alliance, key steps for successful collaboration[M].Addison Wesley Publishing Company,1995.
[145] Seungwha C, Harbir S, Kyungmook L. Complementarily, status similarity and socialcapital as drivers of alliance formation[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(1):1-22.
[146] Glaister K W, Buckley P J. Task-related and partner-related selection criteria in UKinternational joint venture [J]. British Academy Management,1997,8:199-222.
[147]张春辉,陈继祥.考虑内生溢出与R&D投入的创新模式选择[J].中国管理科学,2011,19(3):26-32.
[148]马宁,王立.企业主导型产学研合作创新模式分析[J].科学学研究,2005(23):244-248.
[149]邓明,钱争鸣.我国省际知识存量、知识生产与知识的空间溢出[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2009(5):42-52
[150] Szulanski G. The process of knowledge transfer: a diachronic analysis of stickiness[J].Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,2000,82(1):9-27.
[151] Szulanski G. The process of knowledge transfer: a diachronic analysis of stickiness[J].Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,2000,82(1):9-27.
[152]孟琦.战略联盟竞争优势获取的协同机制研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007:34-63.
[153]王发明,毛荐其.基于技术进步的产业技术协同演化机制研究[J].科研管理,2010,31(6):41~48.
[154]陈剑,冯蔚东.虚拟企业构建与管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:1-3.
[155]毕丹.产学研合作伙伴选择研究[D].东北大学硕士学位论文,2008:7-9.
[156]银路.基于能力异质性的企业产学研合作伙伴的选择[D].电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2011:7.
[157]李岚.产学研合作模式选择的博弈分析[D].暨南大学硕士学位论文:3.
[158]赵兰香.产学研合作的创新机制[J].科技导报,1995(4):44-46.
[159]王国红.泰国产学研合作模式选择研究[D].大连理工大学硕士学位论文:3.
[160] Geringer J M. Selection of partners for international joint venture[J]. BusinessQuarterly,1988,53(2):31-36.
[161] Dyer J H, Singh H. The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources ofinter-organizational competitive advantage[J]. Academy of ManagementReview,1998,24(4):660-679.
[162] Das T K, Teng B S. Resource-based theory of strategic alliance[J]. Journal ofManagement,2000,26(1):31-61.
[163] Slowinski G, Seelig G, Hull F. Managing technology-based strategic alliances betweenlarge and small firms[J]. SAM Advanced Management Journal,1996,61(2):42-47.
[164] Slowinski G, Seelig G, Hull F. Managing technology-based strategic alliances betweenlarge and small firms[J]. SAM Advanced Management Journal,1996,61(2):42-47.
[165] Keith J E, Jackson D W, Crosby L A. Effects of alternative types of influence strategiesunder different channel dependence structures[J]. Journal of Marketing,1990,54(3):30-41.
[166] Daellenbach U S, Davenport S J. Establishing trust during the formation of technologyalliances[J]. Journal of Technology Transfer,2004,29(2):187-202.
[167] Sorenson O. Social networks and industrial geography[J]. Journal of EvolutionaryEconomics,2003,13(5):513-527.
[168] Cantner W, Holger Graf. The network of innovators in Jena: An application of socialnetwork analysis[J]. Research Policy,2006,35(4):463-480.
[169] Tyler B B, Steensma H K. Evaluating technological collaborative opportunities:Cognitive modeling perspective[J]. Strategic Management Journal,1995(16):43-70.
[170]林向义,张庆普,罗洪云.知识创新联盟合作伙伴选择研究[J].中国管理科学,2008,16(专辑):404-408.
[171]顾银燕,银路.基于能力异质性的产学研合作创新对象选择[J].技术经济,2010,29(11):24-29.
[172]卢燕,汤建影,黄瑞华.合作研发伙伴选择影响因素的实证研究[J].研究与发展管理,2006,18(1):52-57.
[173]杨东奇,徐影.研发联盟合作伙伴选择影响因素分析[J].科技和产业,2009,9(6):71-75.
[174]杨东奇,张春宁,徐影等.企业研发联盟伙伴选择影响因素及其对联盟绩效的作用分析[J].中国科技论坛,2012(5):116-122.
[175]崔新建,宫亮亮.跨国公司在中国选择高校R&D合作伙伴的影响因素[J].中国软科学,2008(1):34-40.
[176]薛伟贤,张娟.高技术企业技术联盟互惠共生的合作伙伴选择研究[J].研究与发展管理,2010,22(1):82-89.
[177]王硕,唐小我.基于广义熵的虚拟企业合作伙伴选择遴选综合评价系统[J].运筹与管理,2003,12(2):73-76.
[178]朱少英,徐渝,叶小青,何正文.创新网络环境下伙伴成员的搜寻与选择[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2004(2):30-33.
[179]苏平,伍乃骐,于兆勤等.改进遗传算法在虚拟企业伙伴选择与优化中的应用[J].系统工程理论与实践,2006(12):85-92.
[180]张成考,聂茂林,吴价宝.基于改进型灰色评价的虚拟企业合作伙伴选择[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007(11)54-61.
[181]宋波,徐飞.基于多目标群决策迭代算法的PPP项目合作伙伴选择研究[J].系统管理学报,2011,20(6):690-695.
[182]叶飞,孙东川,张红.面向虚拟企业合作伙伴选择的新过程框架结构研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2003(11):88-94.
[183]党兴华,王幼林.技术创新网络中核心企业合作伙伴选择过程研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2007(1):139-142.
[184]陈雅兰,李必强,韩龙士.原始创新的界定与识别[J].发展研究,2004(7):51.
[185]董媛媛，张寒松,赵刚.基于系统动力学的企业原始创新能力系统研究[J].中国科技论坛,2009(10):61-65.
[186]宋志红,陈澍,范黎波.知识特性、知识共享与企业创新能力关系的实证研究[J].科学学研究.2010.28(4):597-604.
[187] Ajzen I,Fishbein M. Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior[M].Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Preniice-Hall,1980.
[188]刘星,尹向东,赵泉午等.钢铁企业横向并购中知识转移影响因素的路径分析[J],科研管理,2006,27(4):61-70.
[189]仲伟俊,梅姝娥,谢园园.产学研合作技术创新模式分析[J].中国软科学,2009(8):174-181.
[190]周子敬.结构方程模型——精通LISREL[M].台北:全华出版社,2006.
[191] Blomstrom M. Sjoholm F. Technology Transfer and Spillovers: Does LocalParticipation with Multinationals Matter?[J].European EconomicReview,1999,43(426):915-923.
[192] Kokko A. Technolony, Market Characteristic, and Spillovers[J]. Journal ofDevelopment Economics,1994,43(3):279-293.
[193] Bin Xu. Multinational Enterprises Technology Diffusion and Host Country ProductivityGrowth[J].Journal of Development Economics,2000,62(5):477-493.
[194] Guan Gong, Wofgang Keller. Convergence and Polarization in Global Income Levels: AReview of Recent Results on the Role International Technology Diffusion[J]. ResearchPolicy,2003,32(1):1055-1079.
[195] Putranto K, Stewart D, Moore G. International Tech2nology Transfer and Distributionof Technology Capabilities: The Case of Railway Development in Indonesia[J]. Technologyin Society,2003,121(25):43-53.
[196]吴海斌,李垣,谢恩.学习联盟中R&D投入方式与最优投资水平分析——吸收能力的观点[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(1):117-121.
[197]张千帆,方超龙,胡丹丹.产学研合作创新路径选择的博弈分析[J].管理学报,2007,4(6):748-755.
[200]郑君君,韩笑,邹祖绪等.IPO市场中投资家策略的演化博弈分析[J].管理科学学报,2012,15(2):72-82.
[201]彭玉珊,孙世民,周霞.基于进化博弈的优质猪肉供应链质量安全行为协调机制研究[J].运筹与管理,2011,20(6):114-119.
[202]程敏,陈辉.基于演化博弈的建筑工程安全监管研究[J].运筹与管理,2011,20(6):210-215.
[203]刘金芳,徐枞巍,高波.供应链整合创新的演化博弈分析[J].系统工程,2011,29(8):8-13.
[202] Weibull JW. Evolutionary game theory[M]. Boston: MIT Press,1998:32-48.
[203]王永平,孟卫东.供应链企业合作竞争机制的演化博弈分析[J].管理工程学报,2004,18(2):96-98.
[204]吴昊,杨梅英,张良猷.合作博弈中的复杂性与演化均衡的稳定性分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004(2):90-94.
[205] Hisashi O, Christoph H, Erez L.. A simple rule for the evolution of cooperation ongraphs and social networks[J].Nature,2006(441):502-505.
[206] Katsoulacos, Y, Ulph, D. Endogenous spillovers and the performance of research jointventures[J]. The Journal of Industrial Economics,1998,46(3):333-357.
[207]侯光明,艾凤义.基于混合溢出的双寡头横向R&D合作[J].管理工程学报,2006,20(4):94-97.
[208]生延超,企业技术能力与技术创新方式选择[J].管理科学,2007,20(4):23-29.
[209] D’Aspermont, C, Jacquemin, A. Cooperative and non-cooperative R&D in duopolywith spillovers[J]. American Economic Review,1988,78(5):1133-1137.
[210] Borgers T, Sarin R. Learning through reinforcement and replicator dynamics[J]. Journalof Economic Theory,1997,77:1-16.
[211] Friedman J. A non-cooperative equilibrium for super-game[J]. Review of EconomicStudies,1971,38:1-12.
[212]于维生.博弈论与经济[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007,4:218-220.
[213] Gibbons M, Limoges C, Nowotony H, Schwartzman S, etc. The new production ofknowledge: the dynamics of science and research in contemporary societies[M]. London:Sage,1994:6-9.
[214] Fagerberg J, Mowery D, Nelson R. The oxford handbook of innovation[M]. OxfordUniversity Press,2004:208-212.
[215]肖丁丁,朱桂龙.产学研合作中的知识生产效率——基于“模式II”的实证研究[J].科学学研究,2012,30(6):895-902.
[216]刘荣,汪克夷.企业合作创新风险的多层次模糊综合评价模型及应用[J].科技与管理,2009(7):132-135.
[217]桂黄宝.合作技术创新内部风险的识别和控制研究[J].科技管理研究,2007(11):50-53.
[218]杜河建.动态联盟收益分配合作博弈分析[J].国防科学技术大学博士学位论文,2006:108.
[219]王安宇,司春林,赵武阳.知识生产组织模式演变及其对我国实施自主创新战略的启示[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2010(6):94-99.
[220]王骥.论大学知识生产方式的演变：理想类型的方法[J].科学学研究,2011,29(9):1299-1303.
[221] Griliches Z. Issues in assessing the contribution of research and development toproductivity growth[J].Bell Journal of Economics,1979，10(1):92-116.
[222] Jaffe A B. Real effects of academic research[J]. American Economic Review,1989，79(5):957-970.
[223] Romer P M. Endogenous technological change[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1990，98(5):71-102.
[224] Greunz L. Geographically and technologically mediated knowledge spillovers betweeneuropean regions[J]. The Annals of Regional Science2003，37(4):657-680.
[225]吴延兵.用DEA方法评测知识生产中的技术效率与技术进步[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2008(7):67-79.
[226]吴玉鸣.官产学R&D合作、知识溢出与区域专利创新产出[J].科学学研究,2009,27(10):1486-1493.
[227]杨伟.辅助性研发支出对知识生产绩效的影响——基于制造业企业面板数据的实证研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012,33(2):90-95.
[228]唐方成,席酉民.知识转移与网络组织的动力学行为模式：吸收能力与释放能力[J].系统工程理论与实践,2006(9):83-89.
[229] Davenport T H, Prusak L. Working knowledge: how organizations manage what theyknow[M]. Boston: Harvard Business School Press,1998.
[230]尹洁,李峰,葛世伦,吴洁.ERP实施顾问向关键用户知识转移影响因素研究——基于制造企业的实证分析[J].科学学研究,2011,29(1):112-120.
[231] Polanyi M. The Tacit Dimension[M]. Garden City NY. Doubleday&Co,1966.
[232] Nonaka I. A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation[J]. OrganizationScience,1994(5):14-37.
[233] Kogut B, Zander U. Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and thereplication of technology[J]. Organization Science,1992(3):383-397.
[234] Cohen W M, Levinthal D A. Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning andinnovation[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1990,35(1):128-152.
[235] Kogut B, Zander U. Knowledge of the firm and the evolutional theory of themultinational corporation[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,1992,24(4):625-645.
[236] Minbaeva D, Pedersen T. MNC knowledge transfer, subsidiary absorptive capacity, andHRM[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2003,34(6):586-599.
[237] Lyles M A, Salk J E. Knowledge acquisition from foreign parents in internationaljoint ventures: an empirical examination in the hungarian context[J]. Journal of InternationalBusiness Studies,1996,29(2):154-174.
[238] Szulanski G, Jensen R J. Presumptive adaptation and the effectiveness of knowledgetransfer[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2006,27(10):37-957.
[239] Michiel D B, Frans A J, Van D B, Henk W V. Managing organizational knowledgeintegration in the emerging multimedia complex[J]. Journal of ManagementStudies,1999,36(3):379-398.
[240] Grant R M. Prospering in dynamically competitive environments: organizationalcapability as knowledge integration[J]. Organization Science,1996,7(4):375-388.
[241] Lane P, Koka B, Pathak S. The reification of absorptive capacity: a critical review andrejuvenation of the construct[J]: Academy of Management Review,2006,31(4):833-863.
[242] Chen C J. The effects of knowledge attribute，alliance characteristics, and absorptivecapacity on knowledge transfer performance[J]. R＆D Management,2004,34(3):311-321.
[243] Argote L, Ingram P. Knowledge transfers: a basis of competitive advantage of firms[J].Organizational Behavior Human Decision Process,2000(22):150-169.
[244] Moran P, Ghoshal S. Theories of economic organization: the case for realism andbalance[J]. Academy of Management Review,1996，21(1):58-72.
[245]柯江林,孙健敏,石金涛,顾琴轩.企业R&D团队之社会资本与团队效能关系的实证研究——以知识分享与知识整合为中介变量[J].管理世界,2007(3):89-101.
[246] Teigland R, Wasko M. Knowledge transfer in MNCs: examining how intrinsicmotivations and knowledge sourcing impact individual centrality and performance. Journal ofInternational Management,2009,15(1):15-31.
[247] Dhanaraj C, Lyles M A, Steensma H K, Tihanyi L. Managing tacit and explicitknowledge transfer in IJVs: the role of relational embeddings and the impact onperformance[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2004(35):428-442.
[248] Martin X Y F, Salomon R. Knowledge transfer capacity its implications for the theoryof multinational corporation[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2003,34(4):356-373.
[249] Dyer J H, Nobeoka K. Creating and managing a high-performance knowledge-sharingnetwork: the TOYOTA case[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000(21):345-367.
[250] Mccann P, Mudambi R. Analytical differences in the economics of geography: the caseof the multinational firm[J]. Environment and Planning A,2005(37):1857-1876.
[251]赵修卫.组织学习与知识整合[J].科研管理,2003,24(3):52-57.
[252]吴枫韵,陈国宏,蔡猷花.产业集群网络、知识整合与创新绩效的关系研究[J].中国管理科学,2011,19(专辑):114-120.
[253] Yang J. Knowledge integration and innovation: Securing new product advantage in hightechnology industry[J]. Journal of High Technology ManagementResearch,2005(16):121-135.
[254]陈雅兰,李必强,韩龙士.原始创新的界定与识别[J].发展研究,2004(7):51.
[255]董媛媛，张寒松,赵刚.基于系统动力学的企业原始创新能力系统研究[J].中国科技论坛,2009(10):61-65.
[256]邓春平,毛基业.控制，吸收能力与知识转移——基于离岸IT服务外包业的实证研究[J].管理评论,2012,24(2):131-139.
[257] Dhanaraj C,M A Lyles, H K Steensma, L Tihanyi. Managing tacit and explicitknowledge transfer in IJVs: The role of relational embeddedness and the impact onperformance[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2004,35(5):428-442.
[258] Joanna Barsh, Marla M, Capozz I. Management Innovation Risk[J]. StrategicFinance,2008:13-16.
[259]吴涛.技术创新风险管理的方法与策略[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2000,21(5):45-47.
[260]周寄中,薛刚.技术创新风险管理的分类与识别[J].科学学研究,2002,20(2):221-224.
[261]陈勇飞.FMEA简介[J].机械工程师,2002(1):31-35.
[262] Stamatis D H.故障模式影响分析:FMEA从理论到实践[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005:23,171-226.
[263] Ben Daya M,Raouf A. A revised failure mode and effects analysis model[J]. QualityReliability Managmet,1993,3(1):43-47.
[264] Gilchrist W. Modeling failure modes and effects analysis[J]. Quality ReliabilityManagement,1993,10(5)16-23.
[265] Xu K, Tang L C, Xie M, Ho S L, Zhu M L. Fuzzy assessment of FMEA for enginesystems[J]. Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2002(75):17-29.
[266] Bell D, Cox L, Jackson S, Schaefer P. Using causal reasoning for automated failure andeffects analysis (FMEA)[J]. Proceedings of Annual Reliability and MaintainabilitySymposium,1992:343-353.
[267] Keller A Z, Kara Zaitri C. Further application of fuzzy logic to reliability assessmentand safety analysis[J]. Microelectron Reliab,1981(29):399-404.
[268] Bowles, Pelaez. Fuzzy logic prioritization of failures in a system failure modes, effectsand criticality analysis[J]. Reliability Engineering System Safety,1995(50):203-213.
[269] Chang C L, Wei C C, Lee Y H. Failure mode and effects analysis using fuzzy methodand grey theory[J]. Kybernetes,1999,28(9):1072-1080.
[270] Anand Pillay, Jin Wang. Modified failure mode and effects analysis using approximatereasoning[J] Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2003(79):69-85.
[271] Antonio C F, Guimaraes, Celso Marcelo Franklin Lapa. Effects analysis fuzzy inferencesystem in nuclear problems using approximate reasoning[J]. Annals of Nuclear Energy,2004(31):107-115.
[272] Carl L Pritchard. Risk Management[M]. Arlington, Virginia. USA:ESIInternational,1999:215-217.
[273]王立新,李勇,任荣明.基于灰色多层次方法的企业技术创新风险评估研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2006(7):98-104.
[274]贡金鑫.仲伟秋.赵国藩,结构可靠指标的通用计算方法[J].计算力学学报,2003,20(1)12-18.
[275]孙海.结构体系抗震可靠度的优化与控制研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2009.
[276]侯钢领,欧进萍.结构可靠指标矢量及其计算与应用[J].计算力学学报,2002(2)143-147.
[277]段宇博.高层建筑结构的可靠度分析与优化设计[D].哈尔滨建筑大学博士学位论文,1994.
[278]邵光信,亚海斌,朱绳武.基于GA和PNET的一种可靠度计算新方法[J].金属矿山,2002(8):51-53.
[279]陈劲,景劲松,童亮.复杂产品系统创新项目风险因素实证研究[J].研究与发展管理,2005,17(6)62-69.
[280]张俊英.工程项目风险分担理论在合作创新风险管理中的应用[D].兰州理工大学硕士学位论文,2011:9-10.
[281]嵇忆虹,吴伟,朱庆华.产学研合作的利益分配方式分析[J].研究与发展管理,1999,11(1):36-38.
[282]罗利,鲁若愚.产学研合作对策模型研究[J].管理工程学报,2000,14(2):1-4.
[283]鲁若愚,傅家骥,王念星.校企合作创新的属性演化及对分配方式的影响[J].中国软科学,2003(10):153-160.
[284]詹美求,潘杰义.校企合作创新利益分配问题的博弈分析[J].科研管理,2010,22(5):8-13.
[285]任培民,赵树然.期权-博弈整体方法与产学研结合利益最优分配[J].科研管理,2008,29(6):171-177.
[286]鲍新中,王道平.产学研合作创新成本分摊和收益分配的博弈分析[J].研究与发展管理,2010,22(5):75-81.
[287]黄波,孟卫东,李宇雨.基于双边激励的产学研合作最优利益分配方式[J].管理科学学报,2011,14(7):31-42.
[288]龚晓薇,糜仲春.2级VMI集成的Shapley指数收益分配方案[J].运筹与管理,2009,18(1):86-91.
[289]谭忠富,于超,李莉等.发电侧与供电侧联合节能及SO2减排利益分配优化模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,31(6):1182-1190.
[290]高洁,周衍平.Shapley值在植物品种权价值链利益分配中的应用[J].运筹与管理,2012,21(2):168-172.
[291]赵晓丽,乞建勋.供应链不同合作模式下合作利益分配机制研究——以煤电企业供应链为例[J].中国管理科学,2007,15(4):70-76.
[292]胡丽,张卫国,叶晓鉎.基于Shapley修正的PPP项目利益分配模型研究[J].管理工程学报,2011(2):149-154.
[293]孙世民,张吉国,王继永.基于Shapley值法和理想点原理的优质猪肉供应链合作伙伴利益分配研究[J].运筹与管理,2008,17(6):87-91.
[294]张捍东,严钟,方大春.应用ANP的Shapley值法动态联盟利益分配策略[J].系统工程学报,2009,24(2):205-210.
[295]倪建明,吴贵生.一种技术扩散中介服务责任利益分配的新机制[J].科研管理,1995,16(4):23-28.
[296]戴建华,薛恒新.基于Shapley值法的动态联盟伙伴企业利益分配策略[J].中国管理科学.2004,12(4):33-36.
[297]陈坤.创新型企业创新路径选择和绩效评价研究[D].中国科学技术大学博士学位论文,2011:80-81.
[298]邓剑平.高新技术创新项目绩效评价研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2008:60-74.
[299] Steek, Lowell. Evaluating the Technical Operation[J]. Research Management,1994(9):11-18.
[300] Derek L. Ransley and Jay L. Roges. A Consensus on Best R&D Practices[J]. ResearchTechnology Management,1998(3):19-26.
[301] Gautam Ahuja. Collaboration Networks, Structural Holes, and Innovation: ALongitudinal study[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,2000(9):425-454.
[302] Torben Juul Andersen. Information Technology, Strategic Decision Making Approachesand Organizational Performance in Different Industrial Settings[J]. Strategic InformationSystems,2001(2):101-119.
[303] Wilson, Daniell. Are We Running out of New ideas? A Look at Patents and R&D[J].FRBSF Economic Letter,2003(9):1-3.
[304]党兴华,王育晓,刘泽双.网络环境下企业技术创新绩效评价研究[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(3):130-135.
[305]陈劲,陈钰芬.企业技术创新绩效评价指标体系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2006(3):86-91.
[306]尹建海,杨建华.基于加强型平衡记分法的企业技术创新绩效评价指标体系研究[J].科研管理,2008,29(1):1-7.
[307]吴际,矫贺明,石春生.基于模糊理论的R&D员工创新绩效评价模型[J].管理学报,2011,8(5):734-738.
[308] Santoro M D, Chakrabarti A. Why collaborate? Exploring Industry’S StrategicObjective for Establishing Industry-University Technology Relationship[R]. Portland:Conference proceedings PICMET,2000.
[309] Zahra S A, George G. Absorptive Capacity: A Review Re-Conceptualization andExtension[J]. Academy of Management Review,2002,27(2):185-203.
[310] Bonnaccorsi. A Theoretical Framework for the Evaluation of University-IndustryRelationships[J]. Management R&D,1994(24):229-247.
[311] Tomas Hellstrom, Merle Jacob. Evaluating and Managing the Performance ofUniversity-Industry Partnership[J]. Evaluation,1999(5):330-339.
[312] Simon Philbin. Measuring the Performance of Research Collaborations[J]. MeasuringBusiness Excellence,2008,12(3):16-23.
[313]范德成,唐小旭.我国各省市产学研结合技术创新的绩效评价[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2009(1):66-70.
[314]金芙蓉,罗守贵.产学研合作绩效评价指标体系研究[J].科学管理研究,2009,27(3):43-46.
[315]邓颖翔,朱桂龙.产学研合作绩效的测量研究[J].科技管理研究,2009(11):468-470.
[316]曹静,范德成,唐小旭.产学研结合技术创新绩效评价研究[J].科技进步与对策,2010,27(7):114-118.
[317]王铁男,李一军,刘娇.基于BSC的企业信息化绩效评价应用研究[J].中国软科学,2006(4):136-141.
[318] Adams, J. Fundamental Stocks of Knowledge and Productivity Growth[J]. Journal ofPolitical Economy,1990,98(4):673-702.
[319] David, P A, D Mowery&W E Steinmuller. Analyzing the Economic Payoffs fromBasic Research[J]. Economics of Innovation and New Technologies,1992,2(4):73-90.
[320] David, P A, B H Hall&A A Toole. Is Public R&D a Complement or Substitute PrivateR&D? A Review of the Econometric Evidence[J]. Research Policy,2000,29(5):497-529.
[321] Bozeman, B. Technology transfer and public policy: a review of research and theory[J]research policy,2000,29(2):627-655.
[323] Cockburn, I M, R M Herderson. Publicly Funded Science and the Productivity of thePharmaceutical Industry[C]. NBER Conference on Science and Public Policy, WashingtonDC,2000.
[323]孙永凤,李桓.企业绩效评价的理论综述及存在的问题分析[J].预测,2004,23(2):41-47.
[324]宋志红,陈澍,范黎波.知识特性、知识共享与企业创新能力关系的实证研究[J].科学学研究.2010.28(4):597-604.
[325]刘运国,陈国菲.BSC与EVA相结合的企业绩效评价研究——基于GP企业集团的案例分析[J].会计研究,2007(9):50-58.
[326]王秀丽,王利剑.产学研合作创新效率的DEA评价[J].统计与决策,2009(3):54-56.
[327]杜栋,庞庆华.现代综合评价与案例精选[J].清华大学出版社,2005(9):9.
[328]李锐.企业创新系统自组织演化机制基金环境研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学博士学位论文,2100:21.
[329]李钢锋.广西高校知识创新系统自组织演化问题研究[D].广西大学硕士学位论文,2012:10.
[330]郭莉.工业共生进化及其技术动因研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005:86~93.
[331] Bunt G.G., Gronenewegen P. An actor-oriented dynamic network approach—the caseof interorganizational network evolution[J]. Organizational Research Methods,2007,10(3):463~482.
[332] Hite J.M., Hesterly W.S. The evolution of firm networks: from emergence to earlygrowth of the firm[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2001(22):275~286.
[333] Traor N. Networks and rapid technological change: novel evidence from the Canadianbiotech industry[J]. Industry and Innovation,2006,13(1):41~68.
[334] Madhavan R., Koka B.R., Prescott J.E. Networks in transition: how industry eventsshape inter-firm relations[J]. Strategic Management Journal,1998(19):439~459.
[335] Gulati., Gargiulo M. Where do inter-organizational networks come from?[J]. AmericanJournal of Sociology,1999(104):1439~1493.
[336] Moldoveanu M.C., Baum J.A.C., Rowley T. Information regimes, information strategiesand the evolution of inter-firm network topologies. In F. J. Yammarino&F. Dansereau(eds.),research in multi-level issues[M]. Amsterdam: JAI, Elsevier Science,2003:221~264.
[337] Powell W.W., White D.R., Koput K.W., Owen-Smith J. Network dynamics and fieldevolution: the growth of inter-organizational collaboration in the life science[J]. AmericanJournal of Sociology,2005(110):1132~1205.
[338] Blundel R. Little ships: the co-evolution of technological capabilities and industrialdynamics competing innovation networks[J]. Industry and Innovation,2006,13(3):313~334.
[339] Kamien M., Schwartz N.L. Dynamic optimization[M]. New York Elsvier NorthHolland,1981:2~6.
[340] Gelmann M. The quark and the jaguar: adventures in the simple and the complex[M]. W.H. New York: Freeman and Company,1994:17~20.
[341] Loomis M.E.S. Managing collaborations[R]. HP Laboratories Technical,1997.
[342] Scherer. Firm size, market structure, opportunity and the output of patentedinventions[J]. American Economic Review,1965:2~5.
[343] Aghion P.H., Howitt C.P., Vickers J. Competition, imitation and growth withstep-by-step innovation[J]. Review of Economic Studies,2001(68):1467~1492.
[344]邬爱其.企业创新网络构建与演化的影响因素实证分析[J].科学学研究,2006,24(1):141~149.
[345]黄玮强,庄新田,姚爽.企业创新网络的自组织演化模型[J].科学学研究,2009,27(5)793~800.
[346]程跃,银路,李天柱.不确定环境下企业创新网络演化研究[J].科研管理,2011,32(1):29~34.
[347]张宝件,胡海青,张道宏.企业创新网络的生成与进化——基于社会网络理论视角[J].中国工业经济,2011,4:117~126.
[348]任宗强,吴海萍,丁晓.中小企业内外创新网络协同演化与能力提升[J].科研管理,2011,32(9):7~14.
[349]韵江,刘立.创新变迁与能力演化：企业自主创新战略——以中国路明集团为案例[J].管理世界,2006,12:115~129.
[350]李梅芳,赵永翔.大中型工业企业技术创新投资演化行为分析[J].科研管理,2011,32(11):1~6.
[351]刘哲,孙林岩,屈贤明等.基于企业创新与政府管制的市场结构演化[J].科学学研究,2007,25(5):991~995.
[352]易余胤,盛昭瀚,肖条军.企业自主创新、模仿创新与市场结构的演化研究[J].管理工程学报,2005,1:14~18.
[353]李柏洲,苏屹.大型企业原始创新模式选择研究[J].中国软科学,2011(12):120~127.
[354]井然哲,覃正.企业集群系统自组织和谐发展探析[J].科学学研究,2005,23(4):550-554.
[355]吴彤.耗散结构理论的自组织方法论研究[J].科学技术与辩证法,1998,12:19-24.
[356]陈菲琼,韩莹.创新资源集聚的自组织机制研究[J].科学学研究,2009,27(8):1246-1254.
[357] Haken H. Infornation and self-organization: a macroscopic approach to complexsystem[M]. Berlin&New York: Springer-Verlag,1988:134~167.
[358] Nicolis G, Prigogine I. Self-organization in non-equilibrium systems[M]. New York:Wiley-interscience,1977:43-47.
[359]姜璐.简单巨系统的演化理论——非平衡系统中的自组织[J].系统工程理论与实践,1988,4:50-58.
[360]武春友,刘岩,王恩旭.基于哈肯模型的城市再生资源系统演化机制研究[J].中国软科学,2009(11):154~159.
[361]盖地,度然静.会计准则变迁的自组织演化机理研究[J].会计研究,2010(6):77-83.
[362]王寿云,于景元.开放的复杂局系统[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社,1996:48~49.
[363] H.哈肯.协同学导论[M].北京:原子能出版社,1984:98~120.
[364]张坚.自组织与企业技术联盟[J].工业技术经济,2005(7):15~18.
[365]颜泽贤.现代系统理论[M].香港:三联书店（香港）有限公司,1993:70~76.
[366]朱永达,张涛,李炳军.区域产业系统的演化机制和优化控制[J].管理科学学报,2001,4(3):73~78.
[367]苗东升.系统科学原理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990:517~554.
[368]胡恩华.产学研合作创新中问题及对策研究[J].研究与发展管理,2002,14(1):54-57.
[369]王幼林.技术创新网络中核心企业合作伙伴选择研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2007:27-30.
[370]韩笑.后危机时代下台湾两岸银行业合作模式选择[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文,2010:32-41.
[371]冯典.大学模式变迁研究：知识生产的视角[D].厦门大学博士学位论文,2009:214-216.
[372]滕大春.外国近代教育史[M]（第2版）.北京:人民教育出版社,2002.
[373]辞海（缩印版）.上海:上海辞书出版社,1999.
[374]潘懋元.多学科观点的高等教育研究[M].上海:上海教育出版社,2003.
[375]邓英.高校图书馆知识生产研究[D].郑州大学硕士学位论文,2011:30-34.
[376]赵子夫,汤君才.高校图书馆管理的扁平化思考[J].现代情报,2006(1):124-125.
[377]苏屹.我国大型工业企业原始创新模式研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2011:111.
[378] Naushad Forbes, David Wield. Managing R&D in Technology-followers[J]. ResearchPolicy.2000,29:47-53.
[379]朱晓霞.基于SD模型的RIS创新驱动力研究[J].科学学研究.2008(06).
[380]倪标.创新型企业的持续创新重大风险管理能力评价研究[D].昆明理工大学硕士学位论文,2011:41-44.
[381]范如君.虚拟企业成员的利益分配模型[J].科技创业月刊,2003(8):143-145.
[382]杨春城.物流企业战略联盟问题研究[D].辽宁海事大学硕士学位论文,2003:45-50.
[383]邓剑平.高新技术创新项目绩效评价研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2008:115-122.
[2]苏屹,李柏洲.大型企业原始技术创新阻碍因素与对策研究[J].科技管理研究,2009(12):333-336.
[3]程艳旗,王绳兮,胡建雄.产学研发展的新阶段[J].研究与发展管理,2002,14(5):60-63.
[4]佟晶石.产学研合作创新体系与自主知识产权[J].中国软科学,2003(3):113-116.
[5]王娟茹,潘杰义.产学研合作中的知识扩散研究[J].中国科技论坛,2003(4):74-76.
[6]石友蓉,兰飞.汽车工业研发的合作博弈[J].科技进步与对策,2003(12):71-73.
[7] L.H.,N.M. Lynn, Aram,J.D.Linking technology and institutions: the innovationcommunity framework[J].Research Policy,1996(25):91-106.
[8] Charles Edquist,Leif Hommen.Systems of innovation: theory and policy for the demandside[J].Technology in Society21,1999:63-79.
[9] Dosi,Giovanni,Richard R.Nelson.An introduction to evolutionary theories ineconomics[J].Journal of Evolutionary Economics,1994(4):153-172.
[11] David A.Wolfe.Social Capital and Cluster Development in Learning Regions[C].Programon Globalization and Regional Innovation Systems Centre for InternationalStudies,2000:154-180.
[12] Elias G.Carayannis,Jeffrey Alexander.Anthony loannidis，Leveraging knowlege, learning,and innovation in forming strategic GUI R&D partnerships in the US, Germany, andFrance[J].Technovation,2000(20):91-106.
[13] Aokimasahi Harayama Yuko.Industry-University Cooperation to Take on Herefrom[J].Research Institute of Economy,Trade and Industry,2002(4):42-49.
[14]陈雅兰.原始性创新的理论与实证研究[D].武汉理工大学博士学位论文,2005:24-33.
[15] Vannervar Bush.Science:the endless frontier[R].Washington,D.C:National ScienceFoundation,1945(reprited1990).18.
[16]冯世则,周叶谦.科学界的精英——美国的诺贝尔奖金获得者[M].上海:商务印书馆出版,1979:10-29.
[17](德)赖欣巴哈.科学哲学的兴起[M].北京:商务印书馆,1983:56-69.
[18] Rothwell.Successful industrial innovation： critical factors fir the1990s[J].R&DManagement,1992:221-235.
[19] Sorin Solomon Jacob Goldenberg.Templates of Original Innovation: Projecting OriginalIncremental Innovations from Intrinsic Information[J].Technological Forcasting and SocialChange,1996(6):45-49.
[20] David Mazursky.Committee on Facilitating Interdisciplinary Research. NationalAcademy of Sciences,National Academy of Engineering，Institute of Medicine[J].FacilitatingInterdisciplinary Research. National Academies Press,2004:456-459.
[20] D BarkerP.Lloyd.The evaluation of Scientific Research of scientific Research in theUnited Kingdom Selected Experience[M].1997:345-347.
[21]托马斯库恩.科学的革命结构[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003:30-33.
[22] R. S. Schmid.NASA pressure-relieving foam technology is keeping the leadinginnerspring mattress firms awake at night.Technovation,2009:181-191.
[23] R Rothwell.Successful Industrial Innovation: Critical Success Factors for the1990s[J].R&D Management,1992,22(3):22-29.
[24] C. Chaminade, Roberts, H. What it Means is What it does: A Comparative Analysis ofImplementing Intellectual Capital in Norway and Spain [J].European AccountingReview,2003,12(4):733-751.
[25] Schmidt-Tiedoman K.J.A new model of innovation process [J].ResearchManagement,1982(3):136-154.
[26] Rosenberg N Kline S.An Overview of Innovation [J].Washington D.C: NationalAcademy Press,1986:275-305.
[27] Rosenbloom R.S Myers M.B.Rethinking the role of industrial research [M].Boston:Harvard Business School Press,1996:209-228.
[28] Malecki E.J.Technology&Economic Development: The Dynamics of Local, Regional,and National Competitiveness [M].Essex, UK: Longman,1997:35-67.
[29] Bernstein B.S..An integrated innovation process model based on practices of Australianbiotechnology firms[J].Technovation,2006,26(5):561-572.
[30] P. Saariluoma, E. Kannisto and T. Kujala.Analysing Micro-Innovation Processes:Universities and Enterprises Collaboration[M].Int Business Information ManagementAssoc-Ibima,2009:711-715.
[31] M.E Gorman.Types of Knowledge and Their Roles in Technology Transfer[J].Journal ofTechnology Transfer,2002,27(3):219-231.
[32] Kremic Tibor.Technology Transfer, A Contestual Approach[J].Journal of TechnologyTransfer,2003,28(2):149-158.
[33] I. F. Gulenc and O. Araci.The Role of Universities in the Innovation Process of Industryas a Knowledge Source[C].Wuhan Univ Technology Press,2009:79-85.
[34] T. T. U. Nguyen and C. Mothe.Organizational Complementarity in the InnovationProcess: Evidence from Luxembourg firms[M].Int Business Information ManagementAssoc-Ibima,2009:814-824.
[35] T. Hoholm and L. Araujo.Studying innovation processes in real-time: The promises andchallenges of ethnography[J].Industrial Marketing Management,2011,40(6):933-939.
[36] R. A. W. Kok and W. G. Biemans.Creating a market-oriented product innovation process:A contingency approach[J].Technovation,2009，29(8):517-526.
[37] F. Lettice and M. Parekh.The social innovation process: themes, challenges andimplications for practice[J].International Journal of TechnologyManagement,2010,51(1):139-158.
[38] M. Mahmod, S. A. M. Yusof and Z. M. Dahalin.Where are the Female Developers?Exploring the Gender Issues in Open Source Software Innovation Process[C].Proceedings ofKnowledge Management5th International Conference,2010:595-600.
[39] V. M. Ghinea and M. Ghinea.Innovation Tornado Simulation of the InnovationProcess[C].Proceedings of the4th International Conference on Business Excellence, Vol1,2009:201-204.
[40] F. Hacklin, M. Inganas, C. Marxt and A. Pluss.Core rigidities in the innovation process: astructured benchmark on knowledge management challenges[J].International Journal ofTechnology Management,2009,45(3):244-266.
[41] M. Matei, I. Done, J. Subic, Z. Vasiljevic, I. Ionita and J. Andrei.Dimensions of theinnovation process at commodities and stock exchanges[M].Int Business InformationManagement Assoc-Ibima,2009:417-426.
[42] L. Slatineanu, A. Munteanu and M. Coteata.Team and Team Member in the InnovationProcess[M].Democritus Univ Thrace,2009:733-736.
[43] L. Spircu and M. Matei.Measuring the Innovation Process[M].Democritus UnivThrace,2009:725-728.
[44] S. Koppinen, J. Lammasniemi and P. Kalliokoski.Practical application of a parallelresearch-business innovation process to accelerate the deployment of research results[J].R&D Management,2010,40(1):101-106.
[45] Isabel Maria Bodas Freitas Rudi Bekkers.Analysing knowledge transfer channelsbetween universities and industry:TO what degree do sectors also matter?[J].ResearchPolicy,2008(10):1837-1853.
[46] Kazuyuki Motohashi.University-industry collaborations in Japan: The role of newtechnology-based firms in transforming the National Innovation System[J].ResearchPolicy,2005(5):583-594.
[47] Janet E.L.Fishing upstream: Firm innovation strategy and university researchalliances[J].Research Policy,2007(7):930-948.
[48] Ammon Salter Keld Laursen.Searching high and low: what types of firms useuniversities as a source of innovation?[J].Research Policy,2004(8):1201-1215.
[49] Josep-Maria Agusti Segarra-Blasco, Arauzo-Carod.Sources of innovation andindustry-university interaction: Evidence from Spanish firms[J].ResearchPolicy,2008(8):1283-1295.
[50] Roberto Fontana.Factos affecting university-industry R&D projects: The importance ofsearching, screening and signalling[J].Research Policy,2006(2):309-323.
[51] Cassimana B Veugelers R.R&D cooperation between firms and universities:someempirical evidence from Belgian manufaturing[J].International Journal of IndustrialOrganization,2005,23(5-6):355-379.
[52] Annamaria Inzelt.The evolution of university-industry-government relationships duringtrasition[J].Research Policy,2004(33):975-995.
[53] M. C. Dan.Who needs who? A conceptual approach about the cooperation university-business environment[C].2010:134-137.
[54] J. J. Hong, K. Blomqvist and E. B. M. Org Comm.The Role of Guanxi and Trust inKnowledge Interaction-R&D Collaboration between Multinational Corporations and ChineseUniversities[C].International Conference on Engineering and BusinessManagement,2011:3395-3400.
[55] P. Ahrweiler, A. Pyka and N. Gilbert.A New Model for University-Industry Links inKnowledge-Based Economies[J].Journal of Product InnovationManagement,2011,28(2):218-235.
[56] Spyros Arvanitis.University-industry knowledge and technology transfer inSwitzerland:What university scientists think about co-operation with privateenterprises[J].Research Policy,2008(10):1865-1883.
[57] Branco L.Ponomariov Barry Bozeman.University researchs working with privatecompanies[J].Technovation,2009(2):142-153.
[58] J. Jin, S. C. Wu and J. Chen.International U-I Collaboration: A Bridge Across OpenInnovation, R&D Globalization and National Innovation System[C].Picmet2010: TechnologyManagement for Global Economic Growth,2010:56-65.
[59] Johnson William H.A.Roles, resources and benefits of intermediate organizationssupporting triple helix collaborative R&D: The case ofPrecarn[J].Technovation,2008(8):495-505.
[60] Siegel Donald S, et al.Coxnlnereial knowledge transfers from universities to firms:improving the effeetiveness of university-industry collaboration[J].High TechnologyManagement Research,2003(14):111-113.
[61] Caldwell D.F Ancona D.G.Bridging the boundary: external activity performance inorganizational teams[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1992(37):634-666.
[62] Tushman M Katz R.A longitudinal study of the effects if boundary sppaning supervisionon turnover and promotion in research and development[J].Academic of ManagementJournal,1983(26):437-456.
[63] L.R Gomez Mejia, Balkin D.B.Determinants of faculty pay: an agency theoryperspective[J].Academic of Management Journal1992(35):921-955.
[64] Eisenhardt K.M.Agency and institutinal-theory explanations: the case of retail salescompensation[J].Academy of Management Journal,1988(31):488-511.
[65] Liebeskind J.Social networks learning and flexibility: sourcing scientific knowledge innew biotechnology firms[J].Organization Science,1996(7):428-443.
[66] Powell W.W.Neither market nor hierarchy: network forms og organization[J].Researchin Organizational Behavior,1990(12):295-336.
[67] Nelson R.R.Observations on the post-bayh dole rise of patenting at AmericanUniversity[J].Technology Transfer,2001(26):13-19.
[68] T. Bjerregaard.Industry and academia in convergence: Micro-institutional dimensions ofR&D collaboration[J].Technovation,2010,30(2):100-108.
[69] T. Ratinho and E. Henriques.The role of science parks and business incubators inconverging countries: Evidence from Portugal[J].Technovation,2010,30(4):278-290.
[70] K. Malik, L. Georghiou and B. Grieve. Developing New Technology Platforms For NewBusiness Models: Syngenta's Partnership With The University OfManchester[J].2011,54(1):24-31.
[71] A. M. Petruzzelli.The impact of technological relatedness, prior ties, and geographicaldistance on university-industry collaborations: A joint-patentanalysis[J].Technovation,2011,31(7):309-319.
[72] G. Abramo, C. A. D'Angelo and M. Solazzi.Assessing public-private researchcollaboration: is it possible to compare universityperformance?[J].Scientometrics,2010,84(11):173-197.
[73] I. Ramos-Vielba, M. Fernandez-Esquinas and E. Espinosa-de-los-Monteros.Measuringuniversity-industry collaboration in a regional innovationsystem[J].Scientometrics,2010,84(3):649-667.
[74] Y. Sun and M. Negishi.Measuring the relationships among university, industry and othersectors in Japan's national innovation system: a comparison of new approaches with mutualinformation indicators[J].2010,82(3):677-685.
[75]董媛媛.我国大型企业原始创新机制构建与能力评价研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2009:8-9.
[76]李志强,李凌己.国内产学研结合发展的新趋势[J].清华大学教育研究,2005,26(4):97-103.
[77]吴洪元,郑晓齐.大学产学研合作支持体系的构建[J].高等工程教育研究,2006(6):48-51.
[78]王雪原.我国产学研联盟模式与机制研究[D].哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2006:34-56.
[79]杨东升,张永安.冲突分析理论在产学研合作中的应用[J].研究与发展管理,2007,19(6):134-138.
[80]冯学华.产学研合作的问题与对策[J].研究与发展管理,1996,8(1):23-27.
[81]周国红,陆立军.产学研对企业竞争力的影响程度研究——基于1639家中小企业问卷调查与分析[J].研究与发展管理,2005,17(5):64-68.
[82]黄陈冲.校企联盟:我国产学研合作组织的创新模式研究[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,2007:56-58.
[83]朱桂龙,彭有福.产学研合作创新网络组织模式及其运作机制研究[J].软科学,2003,17(4):49-52.
[84]许观玉.基于产业集群理论的视角对上海产学研联盟的思考[D].华东师范大学硕士学位论文,2007:45-49.
[85]吴潍,陈莉平.产学研合作创新网络的结点分析及其构建[J].价值工程,2007(1):32-35.
[86]闫青,徐庆,王章忠.基于产学研合作的自主创新模式选择问题研究[J].高教探索,2008(1):65-68.
[87]李文辉,王楚鸿,安宁.创新体系下产学研合作的主客体关系及其模式探析[J].科技管理研究,2008(6):4-5.
[88]王文岩,孙福全,申强.产学研合作模式的分类、特征及选择[J].中国科技论坛,2008(5):37-40.
[89]杨燕.产学研合作模式初探[J].科技情报开发与经济,2010.20(7):179-180.
[90]徐冠华.关于自主创新的几个重要问题[J].中国软科学,2006(4):42-49.
[91]方勤学.大力支持和开拓源头创新促进基础研究发展[J].科技导报,2001(5):55.
[92]叶鑫生.源头创新小议[J].中国基础科学,2001(02):33.
[93]杨宁.基于原始创新的一流大学[J].吉林教育科学,2001(5):29.
[94]赵学文,韩宇,李正风.基础研究创新概念辨析及对相关问题的思考[J].中国基础科学,2001(3):33-38.
[95]陈述彭,邹承鲁.自然、人文、社科三大领域聚焦原始创新[J].中国软科学,2002(8):25.
[96]张婵爱.加强原始创新[J].山西高等学校社会科学学报,2002(10):12.
[97]973计划基础研究共性重大问题战略研究组.对提升原始性创新能力的一些建议[J].中国基础科学,2004,2:7-12.
[98]葛维东.原始技术创新的概念辨析[J].科学学研究增刊,2005(23):237-239.
[99]陈劲宋建元葛朝阳.基础研究源头创新绩效评价及政策建议[J].研究与发展管理,2005.17(1):104-108.
[100]马庆国,姚志坚.企业技术创新过程的整体观[J].科研管理,1999(3):51-56.
[101]赵志.产品创新过程管理模式的基本问题研究[J].管理科学学报,2000,3(2):15-20.
[102]陈劲,周子范,周永庆.复杂产品系统创新的过程模型研究[J].科研管理,2005,26(2):61-67.
[103]卢显文,王毅达.产品开发集成创新的过程与机制研究[J].科研管理,2006,27(5):10-16.
[104]刘昆久.体操创新过程的心理前浅析[J].贵州体育科技,1986(2):40-42.
[105]王红梅,邱成利.技术创新过程中多主体合作的重要性分析及启示[J].中国软科学,2002(3):76-79.
[106]王寅,王忠,刘仲林.基于知识螺旋的原始创新过程与机制研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2007(8):42-47.
[107]檀润华,马建红,陈子顺等.基于TRIZ中需求进化定律的一类原始创新过程模型[J].中国工程科学,2008,10(11):52-58.
[108]林涛,李子彪.县域特色产业创新过程特征研究.中国软科学,2009(1):168-174.
[109]张红琪,鲁若愚.供应商参与服务创新的过程及影响研究[J].科学学研究,2010,28(9):1422-1427.
[110]张德华,程书萍,李迁.大型工程技术创新过程的认知分析[J].生产力研究,2011(8):105-111.
[111]游晓凌,周光勇,陈阳.基于技术路线图的技术创新过程研究[J].科技进步与对策,2011,28(8):5-8.
[112]向刚，巫英，杨一杰.企业持续创新过程的经营者人因风险预警研究[J].科研管理,2010,31（3）:10-16.
[113]李伟，樊丽淑.自主创新过程中企业专利能力的培育[J].科研管理,2010,31(5):148-156.
[114]刘兵,邹树梁,李玉琼等.复杂产品系统创新过程中产品开发与技术能力协同研究——以核电工程为例[J].科研管理,2011,32(11):59-70.
[115]王莉,方澜,罗瑾琏.顾客知识、创造力和创新行为的关系研究——给予产品创新过程的实证分析[J].科学学研究,2011,29(5):777-784.
[116]赵兰香.产学研合作与制度创新[J].科研管理,1996,17(6):34-43.
[117]毕克新.可持续发展的产学研联合的机制[J].科学学研究,1997,15(4):51-60.
[118]昊树山.我国产学研合作模式与机制及其创新[J].科技进步与对策,2000,17(7):31-42.
[119]余蕾.基于群落生态学理论的产学研合作创新机制研究[J].赤峰学院学报（自然科学版）,2009,25(11):56-57.
[120]刘树君.廊坊政产学研合作创新机制研究[J].合作经济与科技,2010,394(6):8-9.
[121]舒成利,高山行.基于知识生产模式的原始性创新发生机制的研究[J].科学学研究,2008（6）:640-644.
[122]宋建元陈劲,葛朝阳等.试论基础研究及其原始性创新[J].科学学研究,2004(6):317-321.
[123]张开逊.遵崇发明，鼓励创新[J].中国西部科技,2006.6:20.
[124]朱兆良.发挥专业优势，履行参政议政职能[J].前进论坛,2007,10:16-17.
[125]蒋国华.我国原始创新的瓶颈：机制与环境[J].民主与科学,2003,6:19-21.
[126]孙林岩等吕坚.拓展产品创新与企业集成[J].研究与发展管理,2003,6(15):12-17.
[127]刘风刘永照,刘晓敏.加强科技创新服务平台建设，促进科技成果转化[C].信息时代——科技情报研究学术论文集（第三辑）,2008,9:12-18.
[128]陈雅兰，韩龙士，王金祥等.原始性创新的影响因素及演化机理研究[J].科学学研究,2003,21(4):433-437.
[129]郭伟峰陈雅兰.原始性创新的外部效应及控制[J].科学学研究,2006.24(4):612-617.
[130]任元彪.原始创新动力问题探讨[J].科学学研究增刊,2007.25(25):6-9.
[131] Y. Zhang and H. Yi Y. L. Chen.Study on the mechanism and system of China's originalinnovation talents[C].Proceedings of the4th International Conference on Innovation&Management,2007:2496-2502.
[132] Y. G. Yu J. Y. Wu.Original technological innovation in universities: Some newdiscoveries[C].Proceedings of the4th International Conference on Innovation&Management,2007:2610-2613.
[133] X. C. Zhang C. H. Xin, J. Y. Zhao.Mechanism of Technical Standards Originated fromInitiative Innovation[C].Technologies Promoting RegionalDevelopment,2008:54-58.
[134]高山行舒成利.原始性创新：效率、分布性主体间的交互机制[J].科学学研究,2010.28(3):436-443.
[135]董媛媛，李柏洲.基于SD大型企业原始创新系统动态模型研究[J].科研管理,2011.32(4):26-35.
[136]叶明海,王吟吟,张玉臣.基于系统理论的创业过程模型[J].科研管理,2011,32(11):123-130.
[137] Henderson R. Underinvestment and incompetence as responses to radical innovation:evidence from the photolithographic alignment equipment industry[J]. RAND Journal ofEconomics,1993,24(2):248-270.
[138] Iansiti M, West J. From physics to function: an empirical study of R&D performance inthe semi-conductor industry[J]. Journal of Product InnovationManagement,1999,16(4):392-397.
[139]张光前,张米尔.基于系统观的技术集成过程模型研究[J].管理科学,2008,21(4):31-36.
[140] Prencipe A, Fredrik T. Inter-project learning: process and outcomes of knowledgecodification in project-based firms[J]. Research Policy,2001,30(9):1373-1382.
[141] Gulati R. Alliances and networks[J]. Strategic ManagementJournal,1998,19(4):293-317.
[142] Brouthers K D, Brouthers L F, Wilkinson T J. Strategic alliances: Choose yourpartners[J]. Long Range Planning,1995,28(3):18-25.
[143] Hamel G, Prahalad C K. Strategic intent[J]. Mckinsey Quarterly,2001,53:36-61.
[144] Sierra M C. Managing global alliance, key steps for successful collaboration[M].Addison Wesley Publishing Company,1995.
[145] Seungwha C, Harbir S, Kyungmook L. Complementarily, status similarity and socialcapital as drivers of alliance formation[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(1):1-22.
[146] Glaister K W, Buckley P J. Task-related and partner-related selection criteria in UKinternational joint venture [J]. British Academy Management,1997,8:199-222.
[147]张春辉,陈继祥.考虑内生溢出与R&D投入的创新模式选择[J].中国管理科学,2011,19(3):26-32.
[148]马宁,王立.企业主导型产学研合作创新模式分析[J].科学学研究,2005(23):244-248.
[149]邓明,钱争鸣.我国省际知识存量、知识生产与知识的空间溢出[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2009(5):42-52
[150] Szulanski G. The process of knowledge transfer: a diachronic analysis of stickiness[J].Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,2000,82(1):9-27.
[151] Szulanski G. The process of knowledge transfer: a diachronic analysis of stickiness[J].Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,2000,82(1):9-27.
[152]孟琦.战略联盟竞争优势获取的协同机制研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007:34-63.
[153]王发明,毛荐其.基于技术进步的产业技术协同演化机制研究[J].科研管理,2010,31(6):41~48.
[154]陈剑,冯蔚东.虚拟企业构建与管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:1-3.
[155]毕丹.产学研合作伙伴选择研究[D].东北大学硕士学位论文,2008:7-9.
[156]银路.基于能力异质性的企业产学研合作伙伴的选择[D].电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2011:7.
[157]李岚.产学研合作模式选择的博弈分析[D].暨南大学硕士学位论文:3.
[158]赵兰香.产学研合作的创新机制[J].科技导报,1995(4):44-46.
[159]王国红.泰国产学研合作模式选择研究[D].大连理工大学硕士学位论文:3.
[160] Geringer J M. Selection of partners for international joint venture[J]. BusinessQuarterly,1988,53(2):31-36.
[161] Dyer J H, Singh H. The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources ofinter-organizational competitive advantage[J]. Academy of ManagementReview,1998,24(4):660-679.
[162] Das T K, Teng B S. Resource-based theory of strategic alliance[J]. Journal ofManagement,2000,26(1):31-61.
[163] Slowinski G, Seelig G, Hull F. Managing technology-based strategic alliances betweenlarge and small firms[J]. SAM Advanced Management Journal,1996,61(2):42-47.
[164] Slowinski G, Seelig G, Hull F. Managing technology-based strategic alliances betweenlarge and small firms[J]. SAM Advanced Management Journal,1996,61(2):42-47.
[165] Keith J E, Jackson D W, Crosby L A. Effects of alternative types of influence strategiesunder different channel dependence structures[J]. Journal of Marketing,1990,54(3):30-41.
[166] Daellenbach U S, Davenport S J. Establishing trust during the formation of technologyalliances[J]. Journal of Technology Transfer,2004,29(2):187-202.
[167] Sorenson O. Social networks and industrial geography[J]. Journal of EvolutionaryEconomics,2003,13(5):513-527.
[168] Cantner W, Holger Graf. The network of innovators in Jena: An application of socialnetwork analysis[J]. Research Policy,2006,35(4):463-480.
[169] Tyler B B, Steensma H K. Evaluating technological collaborative opportunities:Cognitive modeling perspective[J]. Strategic Management Journal,1995(16):43-70.
[170]林向义,张庆普,罗洪云.知识创新联盟合作伙伴选择研究[J].中国管理科学,2008,16(专辑):404-408.
[171]顾银燕,银路.基于能力异质性的产学研合作创新对象选择[J].技术经济,2010,29(11):24-29.
[172]卢燕,汤建影,黄瑞华.合作研发伙伴选择影响因素的实证研究[J].研究与发展管理,2006,18(1):52-57.
[173]杨东奇,徐影.研发联盟合作伙伴选择影响因素分析[J].科技和产业,2009,9(6):71-75.
[174]杨东奇,张春宁,徐影等.企业研发联盟伙伴选择影响因素及其对联盟绩效的作用分析[J].中国科技论坛,2012(5):116-122.
[175]崔新建,宫亮亮.跨国公司在中国选择高校R&D合作伙伴的影响因素[J].中国软科学,2008(1):34-40.
[176]薛伟贤,张娟.高技术企业技术联盟互惠共生的合作伙伴选择研究[J].研究与发展管理,2010,22(1):82-89.
[177]王硕,唐小我.基于广义熵的虚拟企业合作伙伴选择遴选综合评价系统[J].运筹与管理,2003,12(2):73-76.
[178]朱少英,徐渝,叶小青,何正文.创新网络环境下伙伴成员的搜寻与选择[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2004(2):30-33.
[179]苏平,伍乃骐,于兆勤等.改进遗传算法在虚拟企业伙伴选择与优化中的应用[J].系统工程理论与实践,2006(12):85-92.
[180]张成考,聂茂林,吴价宝.基于改进型灰色评价的虚拟企业合作伙伴选择[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007(11)54-61.
[181]宋波,徐飞.基于多目标群决策迭代算法的PPP项目合作伙伴选择研究[J].系统管理学报,2011,20(6):690-695.
[182]叶飞,孙东川,张红.面向虚拟企业合作伙伴选择的新过程框架结构研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2003(11):88-94.
[183]党兴华,王幼林.技术创新网络中核心企业合作伙伴选择过程研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2007(1):139-142.
[184]陈雅兰,李必强,韩龙士.原始创新的界定与识别[J].发展研究,2004(7):51.
[185]董媛媛，张寒松,赵刚.基于系统动力学的企业原始创新能力系统研究[J].中国科技论坛,2009(10):61-65.
[186]宋志红,陈澍,范黎波.知识特性、知识共享与企业创新能力关系的实证研究[J].科学学研究.2010.28(4):597-604.
[187] Ajzen I,Fishbein M. Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior[M].Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Preniice-Hall,1980.
[188]刘星,尹向东,赵泉午等.钢铁企业横向并购中知识转移影响因素的路径分析[J],科研管理,2006,27(4):61-70.
[189]仲伟俊,梅姝娥,谢园园.产学研合作技术创新模式分析[J].中国软科学,2009(8):174-181.
[190]周子敬.结构方程模型——精通LISREL[M].台北:全华出版社,2006.
[191] Blomstrom M. Sjoholm F. Technology Transfer and Spillovers: Does LocalParticipation with Multinationals Matter?[J].European EconomicReview,1999,43(426):915-923.
[192] Kokko A. Technolony, Market Characteristic, and Spillovers[J]. Journal ofDevelopment Economics,1994,43(3):279-293.
[193] Bin Xu. Multinational Enterprises Technology Diffusion and Host Country ProductivityGrowth[J].Journal of Development Economics,2000,62(5):477-493.
[194] Guan Gong, Wofgang Keller. Convergence and Polarization in Global Income Levels: AReview of Recent Results on the Role International Technology Diffusion[J]. ResearchPolicy,2003,32(1):1055-1079.
[195] Putranto K, Stewart D, Moore G. International Tech2nology Transfer and Distributionof Technology Capabilities: The Case of Railway Development in Indonesia[J]. Technologyin Society,2003,121(25):43-53.
[196]吴海斌,李垣,谢恩.学习联盟中R&D投入方式与最优投资水平分析——吸收能力的观点[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(1):117-121.
[197]张千帆,方超龙,胡丹丹.产学研合作创新路径选择的博弈分析[J].管理学报,2007,4(6):748-755.
[200]郑君君,韩笑,邹祖绪等.IPO市场中投资家策略的演化博弈分析[J].管理科学学报,2012,15(2):72-82.
[201]彭玉珊,孙世民,周霞.基于进化博弈的优质猪肉供应链质量安全行为协调机制研究[J].运筹与管理,2011,20(6):114-119.
[202]程敏,陈辉.基于演化博弈的建筑工程安全监管研究[J].运筹与管理,2011,20(6):210-215.
[203]刘金芳,徐枞巍,高波.供应链整合创新的演化博弈分析[J].系统工程,2011,29(8):8-13.
[202] Weibull JW. Evolutionary game theory[M]. Boston: MIT Press,1998:32-48.
[203]王永平,孟卫东.供应链企业合作竞争机制的演化博弈分析[J].管理工程学报,2004,18(2):96-98.
[204]吴昊,杨梅英,张良猷.合作博弈中的复杂性与演化均衡的稳定性分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004(2):90-94.
[205] Hisashi O, Christoph H, Erez L.. A simple rule for the evolution of cooperation ongraphs and social networks[J].Nature,2006(441):502-505.
[206] Katsoulacos, Y, Ulph, D. Endogenous spillovers and the performance of research jointventures[J]. The Journal of Industrial Economics,1998,46(3):333-357.
[207]侯光明,艾凤义.基于混合溢出的双寡头横向R&D合作[J].管理工程学报,2006,20(4):94-97.
[208]生延超,企业技术能力与技术创新方式选择[J].管理科学,2007,20(4):23-29.
[209] D’Aspermont, C, Jacquemin, A. Cooperative and non-cooperative R&D in duopolywith spillovers[J]. American Economic Review,1988,78(5):1133-1137.
[210] Borgers T, Sarin R. Learning through reinforcement and replicator dynamics[J]. Journalof Economic Theory,1997,77:1-16.
[211] Friedman J. A non-cooperative equilibrium for super-game[J]. Review of EconomicStudies,1971,38:1-12.
[212]于维生.博弈论与经济[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007,4:218-220.
[213] Gibbons M, Limoges C, Nowotony H, Schwartzman S, etc. The new production ofknowledge: the dynamics of science and research in contemporary societies[M]. London:Sage,1994:6-9.
[214] Fagerberg J, Mowery D, Nelson R. The oxford handbook of innovation[M]. OxfordUniversity Press,2004:208-212.
[215]肖丁丁,朱桂龙.产学研合作中的知识生产效率——基于“模式II”的实证研究[J].科学学研究,2012,30(6):895-902.
[216]刘荣,汪克夷.企业合作创新风险的多层次模糊综合评价模型及应用[J].科技与管理,2009(7):132-135.
[217]桂黄宝.合作技术创新内部风险的识别和控制研究[J].科技管理研究,2007(11):50-53.
[218]杜河建.动态联盟收益分配合作博弈分析[J].国防科学技术大学博士学位论文,2006:108.
[219]王安宇,司春林,赵武阳.知识生产组织模式演变及其对我国实施自主创新战略的启示[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2010(6):94-99.
[220]王骥.论大学知识生产方式的演变：理想类型的方法[J].科学学研究,2011,29(9):1299-1303.
[221] Griliches Z. Issues in assessing the contribution of research and development toproductivity growth[J].Bell Journal of Economics,1979，10(1):92-116.
[222] Jaffe A B. Real effects of academic research[J]. American Economic Review,1989，79(5):957-970.
[223] Romer P M. Endogenous technological change[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1990，98(5):71-102.
[224] Greunz L. Geographically and technologically mediated knowledge spillovers betweeneuropean regions[J]. The Annals of Regional Science2003，37(4):657-680.
[225]吴延兵.用DEA方法评测知识生产中的技术效率与技术进步[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2008(7):67-79.
[226]吴玉鸣.官产学R&D合作、知识溢出与区域专利创新产出[J].科学学研究,2009,27(10):1486-1493.
[227]杨伟.辅助性研发支出对知识生产绩效的影响——基于制造业企业面板数据的实证研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012,33(2):90-95.
[228]唐方成,席酉民.知识转移与网络组织的动力学行为模式：吸收能力与释放能力[J].系统工程理论与实践,2006(9):83-89.
[229] Davenport T H, Prusak L. Working knowledge: how organizations manage what theyknow[M]. Boston: Harvard Business School Press,1998.
[230]尹洁,李峰,葛世伦,吴洁.ERP实施顾问向关键用户知识转移影响因素研究——基于制造企业的实证分析[J].科学学研究,2011,29(1):112-120.
[231] Polanyi M. The Tacit Dimension[M]. Garden City NY. Doubleday&Co,1966.
[232] Nonaka I. A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation[J]. OrganizationScience,1994(5):14-37.
[233] Kogut B, Zander U. Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and thereplication of technology[J]. Organization Science,1992(3):383-397.
[234] Cohen W M, Levinthal D A. Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning andinnovation[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,1990,35(1):128-152.
[235] Kogut B, Zander U. Knowledge of the firm and the evolutional theory of themultinational corporation[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,1992,24(4):625-645.
[236] Minbaeva D, Pedersen T. MNC knowledge transfer, subsidiary absorptive capacity, andHRM[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2003,34(6):586-599.
[237] Lyles M A, Salk J E. Knowledge acquisition from foreign parents in internationaljoint ventures: an empirical examination in the hungarian context[J]. Journal of InternationalBusiness Studies,1996,29(2):154-174.
[238] Szulanski G, Jensen R J. Presumptive adaptation and the effectiveness of knowledgetransfer[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2006,27(10):37-957.
[239] Michiel D B, Frans A J, Van D B, Henk W V. Managing organizational knowledgeintegration in the emerging multimedia complex[J]. Journal of ManagementStudies,1999,36(3):379-398.
[240] Grant R M. Prospering in dynamically competitive environments: organizationalcapability as knowledge integration[J]. Organization Science,1996,7(4):375-388.
[241] Lane P, Koka B, Pathak S. The reification of absorptive capacity: a critical review andrejuvenation of the construct[J]: Academy of Management Review,2006,31(4):833-863.
[242] Chen C J. The effects of knowledge attribute，alliance characteristics, and absorptivecapacity on knowledge transfer performance[J]. R＆D Management,2004,34(3):311-321.
[243] Argote L, Ingram P. Knowledge transfers: a basis of competitive advantage of firms[J].Organizational Behavior Human Decision Process,2000(22):150-169.
[244] Moran P, Ghoshal S. Theories of economic organization: the case for realism andbalance[J]. Academy of Management Review,1996，21(1):58-72.
[245]柯江林,孙健敏,石金涛,顾琴轩.企业R&D团队之社会资本与团队效能关系的实证研究——以知识分享与知识整合为中介变量[J].管理世界,2007(3):89-101.
[246] Teigland R, Wasko M. Knowledge transfer in MNCs: examining how intrinsicmotivations and knowledge sourcing impact individual centrality and performance. Journal ofInternational Management,2009,15(1):15-31.
[247] Dhanaraj C, Lyles M A, Steensma H K, Tihanyi L. Managing tacit and explicitknowledge transfer in IJVs: the role of relational embeddings and the impact onperformance[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2004(35):428-442.
[248] Martin X Y F, Salomon R. Knowledge transfer capacity its implications for the theoryof multinational corporation[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2003,34(4):356-373.
[249] Dyer J H, Nobeoka K. Creating and managing a high-performance knowledge-sharingnetwork: the TOYOTA case[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2000(21):345-367.
[250] Mccann P, Mudambi R. Analytical differences in the economics of geography: the caseof the multinational firm[J]. Environment and Planning A,2005(37):1857-1876.
[251]赵修卫.组织学习与知识整合[J].科研管理,2003,24(3):52-57.
[252]吴枫韵,陈国宏,蔡猷花.产业集群网络、知识整合与创新绩效的关系研究[J].中国管理科学,2011,19(专辑):114-120.
[253] Yang J. Knowledge integration and innovation: Securing new product advantage in hightechnology industry[J]. Journal of High Technology ManagementResearch,2005(16):121-135.
[254]陈雅兰,李必强,韩龙士.原始创新的界定与识别[J].发展研究,2004(7):51.
[255]董媛媛，张寒松,赵刚.基于系统动力学的企业原始创新能力系统研究[J].中国科技论坛,2009(10):61-65.
[256]邓春平,毛基业.控制，吸收能力与知识转移——基于离岸IT服务外包业的实证研究[J].管理评论,2012,24(2):131-139.
[257] Dhanaraj C,M A Lyles, H K Steensma, L Tihanyi. Managing tacit and explicitknowledge transfer in IJVs: The role of relational embeddedness and the impact onperformance[J]. Journal of International Business Studies,2004,35(5):428-442.
[258] Joanna Barsh, Marla M, Capozz I. Management Innovation Risk[J]. StrategicFinance,2008:13-16.
[259]吴涛.技术创新风险管理的方法与策略[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2000,21(5):45-47.
[260]周寄中,薛刚.技术创新风险管理的分类与识别[J].科学学研究,2002,20(2):221-224.
[261]陈勇飞.FMEA简介[J].机械工程师,2002(1):31-35.
[262] Stamatis D H.故障模式影响分析:FMEA从理论到实践[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005:23,171-226.
[263] Ben Daya M,Raouf A. A revised failure mode and effects analysis model[J]. QualityReliability Managmet,1993,3(1):43-47.
[264] Gilchrist W. Modeling failure modes and effects analysis[J]. Quality ReliabilityManagement,1993,10(5)16-23.
[265] Xu K, Tang L C, Xie M, Ho S L, Zhu M L. Fuzzy assessment of FMEA for enginesystems[J]. Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2002(75):17-29.
[266] Bell D, Cox L, Jackson S, Schaefer P. Using causal reasoning for automated failure andeffects analysis (FMEA)[J]. Proceedings of Annual Reliability and MaintainabilitySymposium,1992:343-353.
[267] Keller A Z, Kara Zaitri C. Further application of fuzzy logic to reliability assessmentand safety analysis[J]. Microelectron Reliab,1981(29):399-404.
[268] Bowles, Pelaez. Fuzzy logic prioritization of failures in a system failure modes, effectsand criticality analysis[J]. Reliability Engineering System Safety,1995(50):203-213.
[269] Chang C L, Wei C C, Lee Y H. Failure mode and effects analysis using fuzzy methodand grey theory[J]. Kybernetes,1999,28(9):1072-1080.
[270] Anand Pillay, Jin Wang. Modified failure mode and effects analysis using approximatereasoning[J] Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2003(79):69-85.
[271] Antonio C F, Guimaraes, Celso Marcelo Franklin Lapa. Effects analysis fuzzy inferencesystem in nuclear problems using approximate reasoning[J]. Annals of Nuclear Energy,2004(31):107-115.
[272] Carl L Pritchard. Risk Management[M]. Arlington, Virginia. USA:ESIInternational,1999:215-217.
[273]王立新,李勇,任荣明.基于灰色多层次方法的企业技术创新风险评估研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2006(7):98-104.
[274]贡金鑫.仲伟秋.赵国藩,结构可靠指标的通用计算方法[J].计算力学学报,2003,20(1)12-18.
[275]孙海.结构体系抗震可靠度的优化与控制研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2009.
[276]侯钢领,欧进萍.结构可靠指标矢量及其计算与应用[J].计算力学学报,2002(2)143-147.
[277]段宇博.高层建筑结构的可靠度分析与优化设计[D].哈尔滨建筑大学博士学位论文,1994.
[278]邵光信,亚海斌,朱绳武.基于GA和PNET的一种可靠度计算新方法[J].金属矿山,2002(8):51-53.
[279]陈劲,景劲松,童亮.复杂产品系统创新项目风险因素实证研究[J].研究与发展管理,2005,17(6)62-69.
[280]张俊英.工程项目风险分担理论在合作创新风险管理中的应用[D].兰州理工大学硕士学位论文,2011:9-10.
[281]嵇忆虹,吴伟,朱庆华.产学研合作的利益分配方式分析[J].研究与发展管理,1999,11(1):36-38.
[282]罗利,鲁若愚.产学研合作对策模型研究[J].管理工程学报,2000,14(2):1-4.
[283]鲁若愚,傅家骥,王念星.校企合作创新的属性演化及对分配方式的影响[J].中国软科学,2003(10):153-160.
[284]詹美求,潘杰义.校企合作创新利益分配问题的博弈分析[J].科研管理,2010,22(5):8-13.
[285]任培民,赵树然.期权-博弈整体方法与产学研结合利益最优分配[J].科研管理,2008,29(6):171-177.
[286]鲍新中,王道平.产学研合作创新成本分摊和收益分配的博弈分析[J].研究与发展管理,2010,22(5):75-81.
[287]黄波,孟卫东,李宇雨.基于双边激励的产学研合作最优利益分配方式[J].管理科学学报,2011,14(7):31-42.
[288]龚晓薇,糜仲春.2级VMI集成的Shapley指数收益分配方案[J].运筹与管理,2009,18(1):86-91.
[289]谭忠富,于超,李莉等.发电侧与供电侧联合节能及SO2减排利益分配优化模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,31(6):1182-1190.
[290]高洁,周衍平.Shapley值在植物品种权价值链利益分配中的应用[J].运筹与管理,2012,21(2):168-172.
[291]赵晓丽,乞建勋.供应链不同合作模式下合作利益分配机制研究——以煤电企业供应链为例[J].中国管理科学,2007,15(4):70-76.
[292]胡丽,张卫国,叶晓鉎.基于Shapley修正的PPP项目利益分配模型研究[J].管理工程学报,2011(2):149-154.
[293]孙世民,张吉国,王继永.基于Shapley值法和理想点原理的优质猪肉供应链合作伙伴利益分配研究[J].运筹与管理,2008,17(6):87-91.
[294]张捍东,严钟,方大春.应用ANP的Shapley值法动态联盟利益分配策略[J].系统工程学报,2009,24(2):205-210.
[295]倪建明,吴贵生.一种技术扩散中介服务责任利益分配的新机制[J].科研管理,1995,16(4):23-28.
[296]戴建华,薛恒新.基于Shapley值法的动态联盟伙伴企业利益分配策略[J].中国管理科学.2004,12(4):33-36.
[297]陈坤.创新型企业创新路径选择和绩效评价研究[D].中国科学技术大学博士学位论文,2011:80-81.
[298]邓剑平.高新技术创新项目绩效评价研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2008:60-74.
[299] Steek, Lowell. Evaluating the Technical Operation[J]. Research Management,1994(9):11-18.
[300] Derek L. Ransley and Jay L. Roges. A Consensus on Best R&D Practices[J]. ResearchTechnology Management,1998(3):19-26.
[301] Gautam Ahuja. Collaboration Networks, Structural Holes, and Innovation: ALongitudinal study[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly,2000(9):425-454.
[302] Torben Juul Andersen. Information Technology, Strategic Decision Making Approachesand Organizational Performance in Different Industrial Settings[J]. Strategic InformationSystems,2001(2):101-119.
[303] Wilson, Daniell. Are We Running out of New ideas? A Look at Patents and R&D[J].FRBSF Economic Letter,2003(9):1-3.
[304]党兴华,王育晓,刘泽双.网络环境下企业技术创新绩效评价研究[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(3):130-135.
[305]陈劲,陈钰芬.企业技术创新绩效评价指标体系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2006(3):86-91.
[306]尹建海,杨建华.基于加强型平衡记分法的企业技术创新绩效评价指标体系研究[J].科研管理,2008,29(1):1-7.
[307]吴际,矫贺明,石春生.基于模糊理论的R&D员工创新绩效评价模型[J].管理学报,2011,8(5):734-738.
[308] Santoro M D, Chakrabarti A. Why collaborate? Exploring Industry’S StrategicObjective for Establishing Industry-University Technology Relationship[R]. Portland:Conference proceedings PICMET,2000.
[309] Zahra S A, George G. Absorptive Capacity: A Review Re-Conceptualization andExtension[J]. Academy of Management Review,2002,27(2):185-203.
[310] Bonnaccorsi. A Theoretical Framework for the Evaluation of University-IndustryRelationships[J]. Management R&D,1994(24):229-247.
[311] Tomas Hellstrom, Merle Jacob. Evaluating and Managing the Performance ofUniversity-Industry Partnership[J]. Evaluation,1999(5):330-339.
[312] Simon Philbin. Measuring the Performance of Research Collaborations[J]. MeasuringBusiness Excellence,2008,12(3):16-23.
[313]范德成,唐小旭.我国各省市产学研结合技术创新的绩效评价[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2009(1):66-70.
[314]金芙蓉,罗守贵.产学研合作绩效评价指标体系研究[J].科学管理研究,2009,27(3):43-46.
[315]邓颖翔,朱桂龙.产学研合作绩效的测量研究[J].科技管理研究,2009(11):468-470.
[316]曹静,范德成,唐小旭.产学研结合技术创新绩效评价研究[J].科技进步与对策,2010,27(7):114-118.
[317]王铁男,李一军,刘娇.基于BSC的企业信息化绩效评价应用研究[J].中国软科学,2006(4):136-141.
[318] Adams, J. Fundamental Stocks of Knowledge and Productivity Growth[J]. Journal ofPolitical Economy,1990,98(4):673-702.
[319] David, P A, D Mowery&W E Steinmuller. Analyzing the Economic Payoffs fromBasic Research[J]. Economics of Innovation and New Technologies,1992,2(4):73-90.
[320] David, P A, B H Hall&A A Toole. Is Public R&D a Complement or Substitute PrivateR&D? A Review of the Econometric Evidence[J]. Research Policy,2000,29(5):497-529.
[321] Bozeman, B. Technology transfer and public policy: a review of research and theory[J]research policy,2000,29(2):627-655.
[323] Cockburn, I M, R M Herderson. Publicly Funded Science and the Productivity of thePharmaceutical Industry[C]. NBER Conference on Science and Public Policy, WashingtonDC,2000.
[323]孙永凤,李桓.企业绩效评价的理论综述及存在的问题分析[J].预测,2004,23(2):41-47.
[324]宋志红,陈澍,范黎波.知识特性、知识共享与企业创新能力关系的实证研究[J].科学学研究.2010.28(4):597-604.
[325]刘运国,陈国菲.BSC与EVA相结合的企业绩效评价研究——基于GP企业集团的案例分析[J].会计研究,2007(9):50-58.
[326]王秀丽,王利剑.产学研合作创新效率的DEA评价[J].统计与决策,2009(3):54-56.
[327]杜栋,庞庆华.现代综合评价与案例精选[J].清华大学出版社,2005(9):9.
[328]李锐.企业创新系统自组织演化机制基金环境研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学博士学位论文,2100:21.
[329]李钢锋.广西高校知识创新系统自组织演化问题研究[D].广西大学硕士学位论文,2012:10.
[330]郭莉.工业共生进化及其技术动因研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005:86~93.
[331] Bunt G.G., Gronenewegen P. An actor-oriented dynamic network approach—the caseof interorganizational network evolution[J]. Organizational Research Methods,2007,10(3):463~482.
[332] Hite J.M., Hesterly W.S. The evolution of firm networks: from emergence to earlygrowth of the firm[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2001(22):275~286.
[333] Traor N. Networks and rapid technological change: novel evidence from the Canadianbiotech industry[J]. Industry and Innovation,2006,13(1):41~68.
[334] Madhavan R., Koka B.R., Prescott J.E. Networks in transition: how industry eventsshape inter-firm relations[J]. Strategic Management Journal,1998(19):439~459.
[335] Gulati., Gargiulo M. Where do inter-organizational networks come from?[J]. AmericanJournal of Sociology,1999(104):1439~1493.
[336] Moldoveanu M.C., Baum J.A.C., Rowley T. Information regimes, information strategiesand the evolution of inter-firm network topologies. In F. J. Yammarino&F. Dansereau(eds.),research in multi-level issues[M]. Amsterdam: JAI, Elsevier Science,2003:221~264.
[337] Powell W.W., White D.R., Koput K.W., Owen-Smith J. Network dynamics and fieldevolution: the growth of inter-organizational collaboration in the life science[J]. AmericanJournal of Sociology,2005(110):1132~1205.
[338] Blundel R. Little ships: the co-evolution of technological capabilities and industrialdynamics competing innovation networks[J]. Industry and Innovation,2006,13(3):313~334.
[339] Kamien M., Schwartz N.L. Dynamic optimization[M]. New York Elsvier NorthHolland,1981:2~6.
[340] Gelmann M. The quark and the jaguar: adventures in the simple and the complex[M]. W.H. New York: Freeman and Company,1994:17~20.
[341] Loomis M.E.S. Managing collaborations[R]. HP Laboratories Technical,1997.
[342] Scherer. Firm size, market structure, opportunity and the output of patentedinventions[J]. American Economic Review,1965:2~5.
[343] Aghion P.H., Howitt C.P., Vickers J. Competition, imitation and growth withstep-by-step innovation[J]. Review of Economic Studies,2001(68):1467~1492.
[344]邬爱其.企业创新网络构建与演化的影响因素实证分析[J].科学学研究,2006,24(1):141~149.
[345]黄玮强,庄新田,姚爽.企业创新网络的自组织演化模型[J].科学学研究,2009,27(5)793~800.
[346]程跃,银路,李天柱.不确定环境下企业创新网络演化研究[J].科研管理,2011,32(1):29~34.
[347]张宝件,胡海青,张道宏.企业创新网络的生成与进化——基于社会网络理论视角[J].中国工业经济,2011,4:117~126.
[348]任宗强,吴海萍,丁晓.中小企业内外创新网络协同演化与能力提升[J].科研管理,2011,32(9):7~14.
[349]韵江,刘立.创新变迁与能力演化：企业自主创新战略——以中国路明集团为案例[J].管理世界,2006,12:115~129.
[350]李梅芳,赵永翔.大中型工业企业技术创新投资演化行为分析[J].科研管理,2011,32(11):1~6.
[351]刘哲,孙林岩,屈贤明等.基于企业创新与政府管制的市场结构演化[J].科学学研究,2007,25(5):991~995.
[352]易余胤,盛昭瀚,肖条军.企业自主创新、模仿创新与市场结构的演化研究[J].管理工程学报,2005,1:14~18.
[353]李柏洲,苏屹.大型企业原始创新模式选择研究[J].中国软科学,2011(12):120~127.
[354]井然哲,覃正.企业集群系统自组织和谐发展探析[J].科学学研究,2005,23(4):550-554.
[355]吴彤.耗散结构理论的自组织方法论研究[J].科学技术与辩证法,1998,12:19-24.
[356]陈菲琼,韩莹.创新资源集聚的自组织机制研究[J].科学学研究,2009,27(8):1246-1254.
[357] Haken H. Infornation and self-organization: a macroscopic approach to complexsystem[M]. Berlin&New York: Springer-Verlag,1988:134~167.
[358] Nicolis G, Prigogine I. Self-organization in non-equilibrium systems[M]. New York:Wiley-interscience,1977:43-47.
[359]姜璐.简单巨系统的演化理论——非平衡系统中的自组织[J].系统工程理论与实践,1988,4:50-58.
[360]武春友,刘岩,王恩旭.基于哈肯模型的城市再生资源系统演化机制研究[J].中国软科学,2009(11):154~159.
[361]盖地,度然静.会计准则变迁的自组织演化机理研究[J].会计研究,2010(6):77-83.
[362]王寿云,于景元.开放的复杂局系统[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社,1996:48~49.
[363] H.哈肯.协同学导论[M].北京:原子能出版社,1984:98~120.
[364]张坚.自组织与企业技术联盟[J].工业技术经济,2005(7):15~18.
[365]颜泽贤.现代系统理论[M].香港:三联书店（香港）有限公司,1993:70~76.
[366]朱永达,张涛,李炳军.区域产业系统的演化机制和优化控制[J].管理科学学报,2001,4(3):73~78.
[367]苗东升.系统科学原理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990:517~554.
[368]胡恩华.产学研合作创新中问题及对策研究[J].研究与发展管理,2002,14(1):54-57.
[369]王幼林.技术创新网络中核心企业合作伙伴选择研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2007:27-30.
[370]韩笑.后危机时代下台湾两岸银行业合作模式选择[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文,2010:32-41.
[371]冯典.大学模式变迁研究：知识生产的视角[D].厦门大学博士学位论文,2009:214-216.
[372]滕大春.外国近代教育史[M]（第2版）.北京:人民教育出版社,2002.
[373]辞海（缩印版）.上海:上海辞书出版社,1999.
[374]潘懋元.多学科观点的高等教育研究[M].上海:上海教育出版社,2003.
[375]邓英.高校图书馆知识生产研究[D].郑州大学硕士学位论文,2011:30-34.
[376]赵子夫,汤君才.高校图书馆管理的扁平化思考[J].现代情报,2006(1):124-125.
[377]苏屹.我国大型工业企业原始创新模式研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2011:111.
[378] Naushad Forbes, David Wield. Managing R&D in Technology-followers[J]. ResearchPolicy.2000,29:47-53.
[379]朱晓霞.基于SD模型的RIS创新驱动力研究[J].科学学研究.2008(06).
[380]倪标.创新型企业的持续创新重大风险管理能力评价研究[D].昆明理工大学硕士学位论文,2011:41-44.
[381]范如君.虚拟企业成员的利益分配模型[J].科技创业月刊,2003(8):143-145.
[382]杨春城.物流企业战略联盟问题研究[D].辽宁海事大学硕士学位论文,2003:45-50.
[383]邓剑平.高新技术创新项目绩效评价研究[D].哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文,2008:115-122.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |