非接触海浪潮位测量技术的研究
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摘要
潮位是海洋水文学的基本要素,是物理海洋学的重要的研究内容,是变化最快最大要素之一。在开发利用海洋过程及海洋防灾防害建设中,潮位要素扮演着非常重要的角色,也是海洋观测的重点观测对象。现有的潮位测量方法或多或少存在着测量精度低、自动化程度不高、环境适应能力低、成本偏高等缺点。本文基于光电检测技术,设计了适用于海洋环境的潮位测量系统,实现了对海水潮位的自动准确测量,测量误差不超过一个标尺码元,从而提高了测量的精度。
本文主要完成了以下几个方面的工作:
1、在分析各种测量方法的特点和发展现况的基础上,提出了非接触海浪潮位测量系统的整体设计方案。
2、完成测量系统各部分的设计和研制。包括光学系统、CCD采集部分、嵌入式控制系统和数据处理单元。
3、完成基于ARM7 LPC2214的嵌入式控制软件,提出了基于频谱滤波拟合的标尺自动判读算法。完成了上位机操作软件的设计和调试。
4、完成了相关的测试实验,验证了非接触海浪潮位测量系统的功能和性能指标。
Tidal level, a basic element of the marine hydrology, one of the biggest and faster changing factors, is a important content of the physical oceanography. In the development and utilization of marine process, the tide element plays a very important role, and it is the focus target of the GOOS observation. The traditional manual method is not very satisfactory, which has the disvantage of low precision, low degree of automation, low adaptation to the environment, high costs, and so on. In this paper, an exact measurement system is designed for measuring the tidal levels and waves, based on the no-contact optical measuring technology, which is applicable to the complex marine environment. The system reached precise measurement of tidal levels and waves, the measurement error is less than one standard size, and greatly advanced the accuracy of the tide measurement.
In this thesis, the main contents include:
1、Based on the analysis of the various measurement methods and the status of the development, a set of method and system of measurement of the tidal levels and waves were schemed out.;
2、Accomplished the design of all parts of the system, includes optical system, CCD acquisition department, embedded control hardware and data processing department;
3、Completed the design and debugging of embedded software, presented an auto-reading algorithm of even-coding gauge based on the spectrum filtering and fitting, implemented the host machine software based on the ARM7 LPC2214;
4、Verified the system functions and characters by analyzing the results of the experiment which reached the design requirement very well.
本文主要完成了以下几个方面的工作:
1、在分析各种测量方法的特点和发展现况的基础上,提出了非接触海浪潮位测量系统的整体设计方案。
2、完成测量系统各部分的设计和研制。包括光学系统、CCD采集部分、嵌入式控制系统和数据处理单元。
3、完成基于ARM7 LPC2214的嵌入式控制软件,提出了基于频谱滤波拟合的标尺自动判读算法。完成了上位机操作软件的设计和调试。
4、完成了相关的测试实验,验证了非接触海浪潮位测量系统的功能和性能指标。
Tidal level, a basic element of the marine hydrology, one of the biggest and faster changing factors, is a important content of the physical oceanography. In the development and utilization of marine process, the tide element plays a very important role, and it is the focus target of the GOOS observation. The traditional manual method is not very satisfactory, which has the disvantage of low precision, low degree of automation, low adaptation to the environment, high costs, and so on. In this paper, an exact measurement system is designed for measuring the tidal levels and waves, based on the no-contact optical measuring technology, which is applicable to the complex marine environment. The system reached precise measurement of tidal levels and waves, the measurement error is less than one standard size, and greatly advanced the accuracy of the tide measurement.
In this thesis, the main contents include:
1、Based on the analysis of the various measurement methods and the status of the development, a set of method and system of measurement of the tidal levels and waves were schemed out.;
2、Accomplished the design of all parts of the system, includes optical system, CCD acquisition department, embedded control hardware and data processing department;
3、Completed the design and debugging of embedded software, presented an auto-reading algorithm of even-coding gauge based on the spectrum filtering and fitting, implemented the host machine software based on the ARM7 LPC2214;
4、Verified the system functions and characters by analyzing the results of the experiment which reached the design requirement very well.
引文
[1]褚同金,海洋能资源开发利用,北京:化学工业出版社2005,8~9
[2]陈宗镛,海洋潮汐,北京:科学出版社1979,23-25
[3]苏永玲,谢晶,葛茂泉,振荡浮子式波浪能转换装置研究,上海水产大学学报,2003,12(4):338~342
[4]龙小敏,王盛安,蔡树群等,SZS3-1型压力式波潮仪,热带海洋学报,2005,24(3),81~83
[5]胡俭唐金大志,WL-O3型精密气泡式水位(潮位)计,气象水文海洋仪器,2005,11(3),51~53
[6]欧阳永忠,陆秀平,孙纪章等,GPS测高技术在无验潮水深测量中的应用,海洋测绘,2005,25(1),6~9
[7] Dr . Reha,Metin,Alkan, Hydrographic Surveying without a Tide Gauge,INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC REVIEW,2001,2(1),69~79
[8]邵全琴,周成虎,沈新强等,海洋渔业遥感地理信息系统应用服务技术和方法,遥感学报,2003,7(3),194~200
[9]郭金运,曲国庆,数字水准仪的性能比较与分析,测绘通报,2002,3,55~57
[10]薄志鹏,刘国辉,王泽民,数字水准仪述评,测绘通报,1996,2,30~35
[11]范会敏,李晋惠,数字水准仪的测量算法概述,西安工业学院院报,2002,22(4),318~322
[12]郁道银,谈恒英,工程光学,北京:机械工业出版社,1998,125~127
[13]王智,杨简,金光,激光主动照明成像技术,长春理工大学学报,2004,27(2),31~34
[14]李清安,中短距离激光照明成像技术研究:[硕士学位论文],长春:长春理工大学,2003
[15]王乐,关于LED应用于照明的研究和设计:[硕士学位论文],浙江:浙江大学,2005
[16]郑代顺,钱可元,功率型白光LED研究进展,中国照明电器,2006,3,1-3
[17]王庆有,CCD应用技术,天津,天津大学出版社,2002,28
[18]张林,胡学友,李秀娟等,基于CPLD的线阵CCD驱动时序发生器的设计,电测与仪表,2006,43(8),23~27
[19]雷宏江,DSP系统的A/D接口设计,仪表技术,2005,5,66~68
[20] Loren Siebert,使用差分放大器驱动模数转换器,电子产品世界,2006,06s,121-123
[21]姬先举,温志渝,基于CPLD的光积分时间可调线阵CCD驱动电路设计,传感技术学报,2006,19(05A),1781~1784
[22]谷林,胡晓东等,基于CPLD的线阵CCD光积分时间的自适应调节,光子学报,2002,31(12),1533~1537
[23]赵斌,刘春浩,基于CPLD的CCD驱动电路自动增益调整,自动化信息,2005,12,26~29
[24]周力功等,ARM嵌入式系统基础教程,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004,134~136
[25]周力功等,ARM嵌入式系统实验教程(一),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004,105~109
[26]赵凯生,刘爽,龙再川等,基于ARM的线阵CCD测量系统应用分析,光电技术应用,2006,21(1),31~34
[27]习博,方彦军,基于ARM的嵌入式电能在线监测装置的设计,仪表技术与传感器,2007,2,47~49
[28]李长林,高洁编著,Visual C++串口通信技术与典型实例,北京,清华大学出版社,2006
[29]孙秋野,孙凯,ARM嵌入式系统开发典型模块,北京,人民邮电出版社,2007,113~143
[30]王家村, IDT7007高速双端口RAM及其应用,国外电子元器件,2001,6,21~23
[31]薛年喜,MATLAB在数字信号处理中的应用,北京,清华大学出版社,2003,126~132
[32]许秀贞,李自田,薛利军,CCD噪声分析及处理技术,红外与激光工程,2004,33(4),343-346,357
[33]周晓辉,杨耀权,卢海霞,一种非接触振动测量方法的设计与实现,2005,4,15~17
[34]阮锐,潮汐测量与验潮技术的发展,海洋技术,2001,20(3),68~71
[35]刘炜,杨春宇,室内照明光环境亮度—视亮度研究,建筑电气,2001,20,(4),27~30
[36]李宾中,吕百达,万敏,激光空间相干性对照明均匀性影响的实验研究,激光技术,2003,27(4),334~336
[37]Maxim Company datasheet:MAX487
[38]北京北京炜煌科技发展有限公司产品资料:WH8280
[39]ANALOG Company datasheet:ADM202
[40]Lattice Company datasheet:ispMACH4000V
[41] Nation Semiconductor Company datasheet:LMH6644
[42] Integrated Device Technology Company datasheet:IDT7007
[43] Texas Company datasheet:TLC5510
[44]江西上饶智通实业有限公司产品资料:L-1688L
[45]TOSHIBA Company datasheet:TCD1501
[46]谭徽松,光学反射望远镜主、副镜安装调整不良引起的象差,云南天文台台刊,2003,3,56~61
[47]PHILIPS Company datasheet:LPC2214
[2]陈宗镛,海洋潮汐,北京:科学出版社1979,23-25
[3]苏永玲,谢晶,葛茂泉,振荡浮子式波浪能转换装置研究,上海水产大学学报,2003,12(4):338~342
[4]龙小敏,王盛安,蔡树群等,SZS3-1型压力式波潮仪,热带海洋学报,2005,24(3),81~83
[5]胡俭唐金大志,WL-O3型精密气泡式水位(潮位)计,气象水文海洋仪器,2005,11(3),51~53
[6]欧阳永忠,陆秀平,孙纪章等,GPS测高技术在无验潮水深测量中的应用,海洋测绘,2005,25(1),6~9
[7] Dr . Reha,Metin,Alkan, Hydrographic Surveying without a Tide Gauge,INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC REVIEW,2001,2(1),69~79
[8]邵全琴,周成虎,沈新强等,海洋渔业遥感地理信息系统应用服务技术和方法,遥感学报,2003,7(3),194~200
[9]郭金运,曲国庆,数字水准仪的性能比较与分析,测绘通报,2002,3,55~57
[10]薄志鹏,刘国辉,王泽民,数字水准仪述评,测绘通报,1996,2,30~35
[11]范会敏,李晋惠,数字水准仪的测量算法概述,西安工业学院院报,2002,22(4),318~322
[12]郁道银,谈恒英,工程光学,北京:机械工业出版社,1998,125~127
[13]王智,杨简,金光,激光主动照明成像技术,长春理工大学学报,2004,27(2),31~34
[14]李清安,中短距离激光照明成像技术研究:[硕士学位论文],长春:长春理工大学,2003
[15]王乐,关于LED应用于照明的研究和设计:[硕士学位论文],浙江:浙江大学,2005
[16]郑代顺,钱可元,功率型白光LED研究进展,中国照明电器,2006,3,1-3
[17]王庆有,CCD应用技术,天津,天津大学出版社,2002,28
[18]张林,胡学友,李秀娟等,基于CPLD的线阵CCD驱动时序发生器的设计,电测与仪表,2006,43(8),23~27
[19]雷宏江,DSP系统的A/D接口设计,仪表技术,2005,5,66~68
[20] Loren Siebert,使用差分放大器驱动模数转换器,电子产品世界,2006,06s,121-123
[21]姬先举,温志渝,基于CPLD的光积分时间可调线阵CCD驱动电路设计,传感技术学报,2006,19(05A),1781~1784
[22]谷林,胡晓东等,基于CPLD的线阵CCD光积分时间的自适应调节,光子学报,2002,31(12),1533~1537
[23]赵斌,刘春浩,基于CPLD的CCD驱动电路自动增益调整,自动化信息,2005,12,26~29
[24]周力功等,ARM嵌入式系统基础教程,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004,134~136
[25]周力功等,ARM嵌入式系统实验教程(一),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004,105~109
[26]赵凯生,刘爽,龙再川等,基于ARM的线阵CCD测量系统应用分析,光电技术应用,2006,21(1),31~34
[27]习博,方彦军,基于ARM的嵌入式电能在线监测装置的设计,仪表技术与传感器,2007,2,47~49
[28]李长林,高洁编著,Visual C++串口通信技术与典型实例,北京,清华大学出版社,2006
[29]孙秋野,孙凯,ARM嵌入式系统开发典型模块,北京,人民邮电出版社,2007,113~143
[30]王家村, IDT7007高速双端口RAM及其应用,国外电子元器件,2001,6,21~23
[31]薛年喜,MATLAB在数字信号处理中的应用,北京,清华大学出版社,2003,126~132
[32]许秀贞,李自田,薛利军,CCD噪声分析及处理技术,红外与激光工程,2004,33(4),343-346,357
[33]周晓辉,杨耀权,卢海霞,一种非接触振动测量方法的设计与实现,2005,4,15~17
[34]阮锐,潮汐测量与验潮技术的发展,海洋技术,2001,20(3),68~71
[35]刘炜,杨春宇,室内照明光环境亮度—视亮度研究,建筑电气,2001,20,(4),27~30
[36]李宾中,吕百达,万敏,激光空间相干性对照明均匀性影响的实验研究,激光技术,2003,27(4),334~336
[37]Maxim Company datasheet:MAX487
[38]北京北京炜煌科技发展有限公司产品资料:WH8280
[39]ANALOG Company datasheet:ADM202
[40]Lattice Company datasheet:ispMACH4000V
[41] Nation Semiconductor Company datasheet:LMH6644
[42] Integrated Device Technology Company datasheet:IDT7007
[43] Texas Company datasheet:TLC5510
[44]江西上饶智通实业有限公司产品资料:L-1688L
[45]TOSHIBA Company datasheet:TCD1501
[46]谭徽松,光学反射望远镜主、副镜安装调整不良引起的象差,云南天文台台刊,2003,3,56~61
[47]PHILIPS Company datasheet:LPC2214