建筑业企业外部知识渠道、吸收能力对创新绩效的影响研究
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摘要
建筑业已经成为国民经济的重要支柱产业,但发展快速同时暴露出的创新不足、与市场需求不匹配、绩效不高等问题急需研究。本文从知识的角度,结合本地建筑企业的实际,研究他们如何利用外部知识渠道和吸收能力的构建进而提升建筑企业创新绩效的机制与路径。
本研究首先梳理了外部知识渠道、吸收能力和创新绩效的相关理论,并基于理论研究进展情况和我国建筑业企业经营管理的实际情况提出了研究假设。之后,实际调查了215家建筑企业,并对实际数据,利用SPSS16.0和AMOS软件行定量分析,得到以下结论：第一,建筑业企业外部知识渠道与创新绩效部分相关。本研究将外部知识渠道划分为两种：信息搜寻和组织合作。实证研究结果表明,建筑业企业信息搜寻对其创新绩效不相关,组织合作与其创新绩效显著正相关,组织合作越多的企业其在获取创新绩效方面的竞争优势越明显。第二,吸收能力与企业创新绩效显著正相关。本研究将吸收能力分为两种：潜在的吸收能力和实际的吸收能力。实证研究结果表明,建筑业企业的吸收能力构建,有助于其获取和运用知识,进而提升其创新绩效。第三,建筑业企业外部知识渠道对创新绩效的影响中,吸收能力起到中介作用。实证研究结果显示,吸收能力仅在组织合作到创新绩效的影响路径中起到中介作用。
最后,基于实证研究结果,笔者为建筑业企业提升创新绩效提出两条建议：一是,重视外部知识价值,强化合作以提升创新绩效；二是,建立完善的学习型企业文化,通过知识吸收和利用提升创新绩效。
Construction industry is one of the pillar industries in our national economy. However, a lack of innovation capabilities, non-match with the market demand, unsatisfied performance and other problems need a system research to solve that. This research, from a knowledge perspective, focuses on the mechanism which could instruct Chinese construction corporations to utilize the knowledge channel and build absorptive capacity to enhance the innovation performance.
This research advanced a series of hypothesis based on the relevant research and the practice of our Chinese construction business units. Then outcomes of this research were listed by the quantitative analysis of the data collected of215firms. First, this study list knowledge channel into two kinds:the scanning of external information and cooperation with external organizations. The scanning of external information is not relevant to innovation performance, while cooperation with external organizations is significantly correlative to innovation performance. Second, this study list absorptive capacity into two kinds:potential and realized absorptive capacity. Absorptive capacity, both potential and realized absorptive capacity, is significantly relevant to firm's innovation performance. Third, absorptive capacity plays an intermediary role in the way from knowledge channel to innovation performance.
In conclusion, this study propounds that our Chinese construction firms should improve the knowledge search mechanism to enhance the innovation performance through cooperation and innovation. In addition,Chinese construction business should also gain an insight into absorptive capacity development in order to achieve competitive advantage through absorption and utilization of knowledge.
本研究首先梳理了外部知识渠道、吸收能力和创新绩效的相关理论,并基于理论研究进展情况和我国建筑业企业经营管理的实际情况提出了研究假设。之后,实际调查了215家建筑企业,并对实际数据,利用SPSS16.0和AMOS软件行定量分析,得到以下结论：第一,建筑业企业外部知识渠道与创新绩效部分相关。本研究将外部知识渠道划分为两种：信息搜寻和组织合作。实证研究结果表明,建筑业企业信息搜寻对其创新绩效不相关,组织合作与其创新绩效显著正相关,组织合作越多的企业其在获取创新绩效方面的竞争优势越明显。第二,吸收能力与企业创新绩效显著正相关。本研究将吸收能力分为两种：潜在的吸收能力和实际的吸收能力。实证研究结果表明,建筑业企业的吸收能力构建,有助于其获取和运用知识,进而提升其创新绩效。第三,建筑业企业外部知识渠道对创新绩效的影响中,吸收能力起到中介作用。实证研究结果显示,吸收能力仅在组织合作到创新绩效的影响路径中起到中介作用。
最后,基于实证研究结果,笔者为建筑业企业提升创新绩效提出两条建议：一是,重视外部知识价值,强化合作以提升创新绩效；二是,建立完善的学习型企业文化,通过知识吸收和利用提升创新绩效。
Construction industry is one of the pillar industries in our national economy. However, a lack of innovation capabilities, non-match with the market demand, unsatisfied performance and other problems need a system research to solve that. This research, from a knowledge perspective, focuses on the mechanism which could instruct Chinese construction corporations to utilize the knowledge channel and build absorptive capacity to enhance the innovation performance.
This research advanced a series of hypothesis based on the relevant research and the practice of our Chinese construction business units. Then outcomes of this research were listed by the quantitative analysis of the data collected of215firms. First, this study list knowledge channel into two kinds:the scanning of external information and cooperation with external organizations. The scanning of external information is not relevant to innovation performance, while cooperation with external organizations is significantly correlative to innovation performance. Second, this study list absorptive capacity into two kinds:potential and realized absorptive capacity. Absorptive capacity, both potential and realized absorptive capacity, is significantly relevant to firm's innovation performance. Third, absorptive capacity plays an intermediary role in the way from knowledge channel to innovation performance.
In conclusion, this study propounds that our Chinese construction firms should improve the knowledge search mechanism to enhance the innovation performance through cooperation and innovation. In addition,Chinese construction business should also gain an insight into absorptive capacity development in order to achieve competitive advantage through absorption and utilization of knowledge.
引文
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